Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902263
G. Simiyu, D. D. Adams
Lake Victoria has all the signs of advanced eutrophication (LVEMP & COWI CONSULTANTS 2002) with much of the effects due to inputs from inflowing rivers such as the River Nzoia. Wastewater from the Webuye Pan-African Pulp and Paper Mill and two sugar companies discharge high amounts of total solids, total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids into the Nzoia River (AcHOKA 1998, MoMANYI 2002, ADAMS & SIMIYU 2009). Surface water, which would otherwise supply adequate clean water for domestic use is diminishing due to erosion and sedimentation from land use changes. Ground water is the alternative source of clean water for domestic and industria! use. Kenya receives one of the world's lowest per capita water replenishment rates each year; that, together with the degradation of the existing water resources, rnakes the country very vulnerable to climate variability (MOGAKA et al. 2006). Monitoring and data interpretation of ground water yields, as well as assessment of river sediment and nutrient transport, provides valuable baseline information for understanding impacts of climate and land use changes on water sources in the study area as well as East Africa.
{"title":"Sediment and nutrient transport and groundwater sources in the Nzoia River watershed, western Kenya, East Africa","authors":"G. Simiyu, D. D. Adams","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902263","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Victoria has all the signs of advanced eutrophication (LVEMP & COWI CONSULTANTS 2002) with much of the effects due to inputs from inflowing rivers such as the River Nzoia. Wastewater from the Webuye Pan-African Pulp and Paper Mill and two sugar companies discharge high amounts of total solids, total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids into the Nzoia River (AcHOKA 1998, MoMANYI 2002, ADAMS & SIMIYU 2009). Surface water, which would otherwise supply adequate clean water for domestic use is diminishing due to erosion and sedimentation from land use changes. Ground water is the alternative source of clean water for domestic and industria! use. Kenya receives one of the world's lowest per capita water replenishment rates each year; that, together with the degradation of the existing water resources, rnakes the country very vulnerable to climate variability (MOGAKA et al. 2006). Monitoring and data interpretation of ground water yields, as well as assessment of river sediment and nutrient transport, provides valuable baseline information for understanding impacts of climate and land use changes on water sources in the study area as well as East Africa.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127522379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902278
Hilary A. Smith, J. Ejsmont-Karabin, T. Hess, R. Wallace
For decades ecologists have attempted to characterize zooplankton community structure (GHILAROV & TIMONIN 1972, SCHMID-ARAYA 1998, CASTRO et al. 2005). Many studies use indices such as species richness (S) and species diversity (H'). Unfortunately these kinds of studies only provide a snapshot perspective of community composition, whereas sophisticated computer models of community dynamics (e.g., FUSSMANN & HERBER 2002) may require training or resources beyond the means o f some researchers, hindering important research. With studies linking biodiversity to ecosystem processes (LOREAU & HECTOR 2001, LoREAU et al. 200 l), assessing diversity may be key to advancing our understanding of community structure and function. Thus, we need new ways to assess zooplankton community dynamics that are not overly prohibitive in their reliance on sophisticated statistical tools. Although our approach precludes examination of interactions among multiple trophic levels, here we explore ways for analyzing community composition and diversity of zooplankton through a focused analysis of rotifers, microscopic metazoans critical to freshwater food webs (WALLACE et al. 2006). Synchronization o f rotifer populations has been demonstrated in the field (Lake Constance; VASSEUR & GAEDKE 2007) and in a laboratory study of monoclonal populations (e.g., FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005). Lake proximity may increase environmental similarity and facilitate dispersal, both of which can lead to synchronization (FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005). Anticipating that communities in apposed lakes will exhibit sirnilar trends, we tested the null hypothesis of no difference in community trajectories. To compare community structure among lakes and years, we applied several diversity indices to rotifer communities in 4 of the Great Masurian Lakes o f northeastem Poland._Indices evaluated were: effective number o f species (ENS); guild ratio (GR); Index ofFaunal Originality (IFO); Shannon-Wiener index (H'); species richness (S); and Species Tumover Index (STI; Table l). To our knowledge, these parameters have never been applied together to freshwater community composition. Previous studies have employed a variety of approaches to statistically analyze or model community dynamics (HARVEY et al. 1983, BJ0RNSTAD 2001, RusAK et al. 2002, WHITE et al. 2006), but we explored the use o f simple indices and graphical analysis to give an initial impression of community trends. We also introduce a new index (GR) of rotifer feeding types, thus including a functional trait analysis with diversity indices to characterize community structure.
几十年来，生态学家一直试图描绘浮游动物群落结构的特征(GHILAROV & TIMONIN 1972, SCHMID-ARAYA 1998, CASTRO et . 2005)。许多研究使用物种丰富度(S)和物种多样性(H’)等指标。不幸的是，这些类型的研究只提供了社区组成的快照视角，而复杂的社区动态计算机模型(例如，FUSSMANN & HERBER 2002)可能需要一些研究人员无法提供的培训或资源，从而阻碍了重要的研究。通过将生物多样性与生态系统过程联系起来的研究(LOREAU & HECTOR 2001, LOREAU et al. 200l)，评估多样性可能是提高我们对群落结构和功能理解的关键。因此，我们需要新的方法来评估浮游动物群落动态，而不是过分依赖复杂的统计工具。虽然我们的方法排除了多种营养水平之间相互作用的检查，但在这里，我们通过对轮虫的集中分析，探索了分析浮游动物群落组成和多样性的方法，轮虫是对淡水食物网至关重要的微观后生动物(WALLACE et al. 2006)。轮虫种群同步已在野外得到证实(康斯坦茨湖;VASSEUR & GAEDKE 2007)和单克隆种群的实验室研究(例如，FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005)。靠近湖泊可能会增加环境相似性并促进扩散，这两者都可能导致同步(FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005)。预计相邻湖泊的群落将呈现类似的趋势，我们检验了群落轨迹无差异的零假设。为了比较不同湖泊和年份的轮虫群落结构，我们对波兰东北部4个大马苏里亚湖的轮虫群落进行了多样性指数分析。_评价指标为:有效种数(ENS);公会比;原创指数(IFO);Shannon-Wiener指数(H');物种丰富度(S);物种迁移指数(STI);表1).据我们所知，这些参数从未一起应用于淡水群落组成。之前的研究采用了多种方法对群落动态进行统计分析或建模(HARVEY et al. 1983, BJ0RNSTAD 2001, RusAK et al. 2002, WHITE et al. 2006)，但我们探索了使用简单指数和图形分析来给出群落趋势的初步印象。我们还引入了一种新的轮虫取食类型指数(GR)，从而包括功能性状分析和多样性指数来表征群落结构。
{"title":"Paradox of planktonic rotifers: similar structure but unique trajectories in communities of the Great Masurian Lakes (Poland)","authors":"Hilary A. Smith, J. Ejsmont-Karabin, T. Hess, R. Wallace","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902278","url":null,"abstract":"For decades ecologists have attempted to characterize zooplankton community structure (GHILAROV & TIMONIN 1972, SCHMID-ARAYA 1998, CASTRO et al. 2005). Many studies use indices such as species richness (S) and species diversity (H'). Unfortunately these kinds of studies only provide a snapshot perspective of community composition, whereas sophisticated computer models of community dynamics (e.g., FUSSMANN & HERBER 2002) may require training or resources beyond the means o f some researchers, hindering important research. With studies linking biodiversity to ecosystem processes (LOREAU & HECTOR 2001, LoREAU et al. 200 l), assessing diversity may be key to advancing our understanding of community structure and function. Thus, we need new ways to assess zooplankton community dynamics that are not overly prohibitive in their reliance on sophisticated statistical tools. Although our approach precludes examination of interactions among multiple trophic levels, here we explore ways for analyzing community composition and diversity of zooplankton through a focused analysis of rotifers, microscopic metazoans critical to freshwater food webs (WALLACE et al. 2006). Synchronization o f rotifer populations has been demonstrated in the field (Lake Constance; VASSEUR & GAEDKE 2007) and in a laboratory study of monoclonal populations (e.g., FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005). Lake proximity may increase environmental similarity and facilitate dispersal, both of which can lead to synchronization (FoNTAINE & GoNZALEZ 2005). Anticipating that communities in apposed lakes will exhibit sirnilar trends, we tested the null hypothesis of no difference in community trajectories. To compare community structure among lakes and years, we applied several diversity indices to rotifer communities in 4 of the Great Masurian Lakes o f northeastem Poland._Indices evaluated were: effective number o f species (ENS); guild ratio (GR); Index ofFaunal Originality (IFO); Shannon-Wiener index (H'); species richness (S); and Species Tumover Index (STI; Table l). To our knowledge, these parameters have never been applied together to freshwater community composition. Previous studies have employed a variety of approaches to statistically analyze or model community dynamics (HARVEY et al. 1983, BJ0RNSTAD 2001, RusAK et al. 2002, WHITE et al. 2006), but we explored the use o f simple indices and graphical analysis to give an initial impression of community trends. We also introduce a new index (GR) of rotifer feeding types, thus including a functional trait analysis with diversity indices to characterize community structure.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11923916
Koichi Kamiya, T. Fukushima, Y. Onda, K. Matsushige, S. Mizugaki
Sediment-water exchange of phosphorus strongly influences lake biogeochemical processes and ecosystems, especially in shallow lakes ( e.g., WETZEL 2001 ). In Lake Sebygaard, a shallow Danish lake, the net release of total phosphorus (TP) was calculated by comparisons of the vertical pro files of TP in sediments of different cores taken in different years, and influence of interna) phosphorus loads on lake water could last for more than 30 years, despite reduction of externa) loads (S0NDERGAARD et al. 1999). Phosphorus is deposited with sedimentation of particulate matter (FUKUSHIMA et al. 1987); thus, calculation of sedimentation rates and investigation of changes in vertical profiles of TP contents in sediments during severa) decades are important for determining the phosphorus balance in a lake. In this study, we analyzed the changes in sedimentation rates and TP contents in sediment over the 1ast 30 years in Lakes Kasumigaura and Suwa, shallow eutrophic 1akes in Japan. Based on these analyses, we compared TP accumulation rates estimated by: ( 1) net 1oads; (2) difference in vertical profiles ofTP content; and (3) mass sedimentation rates multiplied by TP contents.
磷的沉积物-水交换强烈影响湖泊生物地球化学过程和生态系统，特别是在浅湖(例如，WETZEL 2001)。Sebygaard湖是丹麦的一个浅湖，通过比较不同年份不同芯沉积物中TP的垂直剖面来计算总磷(TP)的净释放，尽管外部负荷减少，但内部磷负荷对湖水的影响可以持续30年以上(S0NDERGAARD et al. 1999)。磷随着颗粒物的沉降而沉积(福岛等人，1987年);因此，计算沉积速率和研究沉积物中TP含量在几十年内的垂直剖面变化对确定湖泊磷平衡具有重要意义。本研究分析了日本浅层富营养化湖泊霞aura湖和Suwa湖近30年来沉积物沉积速率和TP含量的变化。基于这些分析，我们比较了TP积累速率估算方法:(1)净负荷;(2) tp含量垂直剖面差异;(3)质量沉降速率乘以TP含量。
{"title":"Changes in sedimentation rates and phosphorus accumulation in shallow Japanese lakes during 30 years","authors":"Koichi Kamiya, T. Fukushima, Y. Onda, K. Matsushige, S. Mizugaki","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11923916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11923916","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment-water exchange of phosphorus strongly influences lake biogeochemical processes and ecosystems, especially in shallow lakes ( e.g., WETZEL 2001 ). In Lake Sebygaard, a shallow Danish lake, the net release of total phosphorus (TP) was calculated by comparisons of the vertical pro files of TP in sediments of different cores taken in different years, and influence of interna) phosphorus loads on lake water could last for more than 30 years, despite reduction of externa) loads (S0NDERGAARD et al. 1999). Phosphorus is deposited with sedimentation of particulate matter (FUKUSHIMA et al. 1987); thus, calculation of sedimentation rates and investigation of changes in vertical profiles of TP contents in sediments during severa) decades are important for determining the phosphorus balance in a lake. In this study, we analyzed the changes in sedimentation rates and TP contents in sediment over the 1ast 30 years in Lakes Kasumigaura and Suwa, shallow eutrophic 1akes in Japan. Based on these analyses, we compared TP accumulation rates estimated by: ( 1) net 1oads; (2) difference in vertical profiles ofTP content; and (3) mass sedimentation rates multiplied by TP contents.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"442 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115925800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11923928
P. Boda, Z. Csabai
1t is a well known fact that most aquatic insects can tly. Data collected by Jight trapping (BENEDEK & JÁSZAI 1972, NovtNSZKY 2003) and field observations are not suitable to analyze daily tlight activity patterns of aquatic insects because the attraction of light traps is considerably reduced by day due to the higher ambient light intensity. At the same time, the seasonal and diurna) tlight patterns have been investigated effectively only severa) times (FERNANDO 1958, PoPHAM 1964, PAJUNEN & JANssoN 1969, FERNANDO & ÜALBRAITH 1973, LANDIN 1980, BEHR 1990, 1993, BODA et al. 2003, CsABAI et al. 2003, 2004,). Aquatic insects recognize aquatic habitats by means ofthe horizontal linear polarization oflight retlected from the water surface (SCHWIND 1991 ). Numerous earlier field experiments (ScHWIND & HoRVÁTH 1993, HoRVÁTH 1995, HoRVÁTH & VARJÚ 1997) have shown that the horizontal polarization of retlected light is the major optical cue that attracts water insects to shiny surfaces; therefore, using horizontal shiny black plastic sheets is a suitable method throughout the day because it always polarizes the retlected light strongly and horizontally (HORVÁTH & VARJÚ 2003). Utilizing this phenomenon of aquatic insects landing on the shiny black plastic foils while foraging for water surfaces, we collected samples over one entire day per week for 2 years. In this paper, only the dispersa) activities of the most abundant species are discussed in detail.
众所周知，大多数水生昆虫都能滑翔。捕光器收集的数据(BENEDEK & JÁSZAI 1972, NovtNSZKY 2003)和实地观测不适合分析水生昆虫的日常飞行活动模式，因为白天环境光强度较高，捕光器的吸引力大大降低。同时，季节性和昼夜飞行模式只进行了几次有效的调查(FERNANDO 1958, PoPHAM 1964, PAJUNEN & JANssoN 1969, FERNANDO & ÜALBRAITH 1973, LANDIN 1980, BEHR 1990, 1993, BODA等人2003,CsABAI等人2003,2004，)。水生昆虫通过水面反射的水平线偏振来识别水生栖息地(SCHWIND 1991)。许多早期的野外实验(ScHWIND & HoRVÁTH 1993, HoRVÁTH 1995, HoRVÁTH & VARJÚ 1997)表明，反射光的水平偏振是吸引水昆虫到有光泽的表面的主要光学线索;因此，使用水平的有光泽的黑色塑料片是一种合适的方法，因为它总是强烈地和水平地偏振反射光(HORVÁTH & VARJÚ 2003)。利用这种现象，水生昆虫在觅食水面时降落在闪亮的黑色塑料箔上，我们每周收集整整一天的样本，持续了两年。本文只详细讨论了最丰富的物种的扩散活动。
{"title":"Seasonal and diel flight activity patterns of aquatic Coleoptera and Heteroptera","authors":"P. Boda, Z. Csabai","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11923928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11923928","url":null,"abstract":"1t is a well known fact that most aquatic insects can tly. Data collected by Jight trapping (BENEDEK & JÁSZAI 1972, NovtNSZKY 2003) and field observations are not suitable to analyze daily tlight activity patterns of aquatic insects because the attraction of light traps is considerably reduced by day due to the higher ambient light intensity. At the same time, the seasonal and diurna) tlight patterns have been investigated effectively only severa) times (FERNANDO 1958, PoPHAM 1964, PAJUNEN & JANssoN 1969, FERNANDO & ÜALBRAITH 1973, LANDIN 1980, BEHR 1990, 1993, BODA et al. 2003, CsABAI et al. 2003, 2004,). Aquatic insects recognize aquatic habitats by means ofthe horizontal linear polarization oflight retlected from the water surface (SCHWIND 1991 ). Numerous earlier field experiments (ScHWIND & HoRVÁTH 1993, HoRVÁTH 1995, HoRVÁTH & VARJÚ 1997) have shown that the horizontal polarization of retlected light is the major optical cue that attracts water insects to shiny surfaces; therefore, using horizontal shiny black plastic sheets is a suitable method throughout the day because it always polarizes the retlected light strongly and horizontally (HORVÁTH & VARJÚ 2003). Utilizing this phenomenon of aquatic insects landing on the shiny black plastic foils while foraging for water surfaces, we collected samples over one entire day per week for 2 years. In this paper, only the dispersa) activities of the most abundant species are discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114605191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902231
S. Kilham, Meshagae Hunte-Brown, P. Verburg, C. Pringle, M. Whiles, K. Lips, E. Zandonà
Summary Stable isotopes are useful for elucidating food webs, and oneessentialaspectofinterpretationisaccuratelydeterminingtheenrichment between trophic levels, especially when used inmixing models. The fractionation of the stable isotopes ofnitrogen(Δδ 15 N)andcarbon(Δδ 3 C)betweentrophiclevelsintropicalaquaticecosystemsseemstodiffercomparedtotypicalvalues found in temperate aquatic ecosystems of about 3.4‰forδ 15 Nand0.5‰forδ 13 C.Inrecentstudiesofuplandstreamecosystems in Panama, with and without tadpoles, we foundlower fractionation of δ 15 N, typically 1.0–1.7‰, and muchhigherfractionationofδ 13 C,typically1–1.6‰.Similarvalueshavebeenobservedinothertropicalsystems,includingPuertoRicoandCostaRicastreamsandLakeTanganyika.Theselargedifferencesintrophicfractionationareenigmatic.Weexploresources of variation in fractionation such as tissue turnoverrate,streamflow,taxonomicdifferences,functionalgroupdif-ferences, dietary balance, growth rate, and microbial activityto assess possible contributing factors. The ecological infor-mation embedded in this variation in trophic fractionationshould be embraced and exploited.
{"title":"Challenges for interpreting stable isotope fractionation of carbon and nitrogen in tropical aquatic ecosystems","authors":"S. Kilham, Meshagae Hunte-Brown, P. Verburg, C. Pringle, M. Whiles, K. Lips, E. Zandonà","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902231","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Stable isotopes are useful for elucidating food webs, and oneessentialaspectofinterpretationisaccuratelydeterminingtheenrichment between trophic levels, especially when used inmixing models. The fractionation of the stable isotopes ofnitrogen(Δδ 15 N)andcarbon(Δδ 3 C)betweentrophiclevelsintropicalaquaticecosystemsseemstodiffercomparedtotypicalvalues found in temperate aquatic ecosystems of about 3.4‰forδ 15 Nand0.5‰forδ 13 C.Inrecentstudiesofuplandstreamecosystems in Panama, with and without tadpoles, we foundlower fractionation of δ 15 N, typically 1.0–1.7‰, and muchhigherfractionationofδ 13 C,typically1–1.6‰.Similarvalueshavebeenobservedinothertropicalsystems,includingPuertoRicoandCostaRicastreamsandLakeTanganyika.Theselargedifferencesintrophicfractionationareenigmatic.Weexploresources of variation in fractionation such as tissue turnoverrate,streamflow,taxonomicdifferences,functionalgroupdif-ferences, dietary balance, growth rate, and microbial activityto assess possible contributing factors. The ecological infor-mation embedded in this variation in trophic fractionationshould be embraced and exploited.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115042656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902212
T. Goldschmidt
Springs connecting groundwater with surface water systems show characteristic physico-chemical stability. They accommodate a distinctive fauna and flora, that significantly contributes to diversity. The habitat specificity, high diversity and indicative potential of spring dwelling water mites has been shown in many investigations from temperate regions (WILLIAMS & WILLIAMS 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006). Corresponding data on the crenobiosis of aquatic invertebrates until recently were missing from tropica1 regions, GoLDSCHMIDT (2004) presented the first data on specific water mite assemblages in tropical springs. In a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) faunistic differentiation of Costa Rican water mite assemblages and the significance of particular parameters were analysed (GowscHMIDT 2004). Multivariate analysis of this data identified habitat type (especially springs), temperature, elevation and velocity as major factors determining water mite assemblages in Costa Rica and showed a distinct spring fauna (GOLDSCHMIDT 2004, submitted). Constant low temperature has long been regarded as crucial factor for the habitat binding of crenobionts, however recent authors have emphasized the general stabi1ity of their physicochemistry (FISCHER 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006). Due to their specific temperature regime, tropical springs supply essential data for the understanding of crenobiosis in general. Furthermore they are of specific interest because of their stability over very Iong periods of time. The current study on Costa Rican water mites showed the importance oftropical springs, the specificity oftheir water mite assemblages and their suitability for the monitoring ofbiological integrity of spring habitats. These data provide a baseline for 1ong-term monitoring and demonstrate a need for further research.
连接地下水和地表水系统的泉水表现出特有的物理化学稳定性。它们拥有独特的动物和植物群，这极大地促进了多样性。温带地区的许多调查显示，春季生活水螨的栖息地特异性、高度多样性和指示潜力(WILLIAMS & WILLIAMS 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006)。直到最近，热带地区的水生无脊椎动物的水蛭群的相关数据都是缺失的，GoLDSCHMIDT(2004)首次提出了热带泉中特定水螨组合的数据。在典型对应分析(CCA)中，分析了哥斯达黎加水螨组合的区系分化和特定参数的意义(GowscHMIDT 2004)。对这些数据的多变量分析确定了生境类型(特别是泉水)、温度、海拔和流速是决定哥斯达黎加水螨群落的主要因素，并显示了明显的泉水动物群(GOLDSCHMIDT 2004，提交)。长期以来，恒定的低温一直被认为是生物栖息地结合的关键因素，但最近的作者强调了它们的物理化学的总体稳定性(FISCHER 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006)。由于其特殊的温度状态，热带温泉为了解一般的crenobiosis提供了必要的数据。此外，由于它们在很长一段时间内的稳定性，它们特别令人感兴趣。目前对哥斯达黎加水螨的研究表明，热带泉水的重要性，其水螨组合的特殊性及其对泉水生境生物完整性监测的适用性。这些数据为长期监测提供了基线，并表明需要进一步研究。
{"title":"Water mites (Acari, Hydrachnidia) in tropical springs — diversity, specificity, monitoring possibilities","authors":"T. Goldschmidt","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902212","url":null,"abstract":"Springs connecting groundwater with surface water systems show characteristic physico-chemical stability. They accommodate a distinctive fauna and flora, that significantly contributes to diversity. The habitat specificity, high diversity and indicative potential of spring dwelling water mites has been shown in many investigations from temperate regions (WILLIAMS & WILLIAMS 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006). Corresponding data on the crenobiosis of aquatic invertebrates until recently were missing from tropica1 regions, GoLDSCHMIDT (2004) presented the first data on specific water mite assemblages in tropical springs. In a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) faunistic differentiation of Costa Rican water mite assemblages and the significance of particular parameters were analysed (GowscHMIDT 2004). Multivariate analysis of this data identified habitat type (especially springs), temperature, elevation and velocity as major factors determining water mite assemblages in Costa Rica and showed a distinct spring fauna (GOLDSCHMIDT 2004, submitted). Constant low temperature has long been regarded as crucial factor for the habitat binding of crenobionts, however recent authors have emphasized the general stabi1ity of their physicochemistry (FISCHER 1996, CANTONATI et al. 2006). Due to their specific temperature regime, tropical springs supply essential data for the understanding of crenobiosis in general. Furthermore they are of specific interest because of their stability over very Iong periods of time. The current study on Costa Rican water mites showed the importance oftropical springs, the specificity oftheir water mite assemblages and their suitability for the monitoring ofbiological integrity of spring habitats. These data provide a baseline for 1ong-term monitoring and demonstrate a need for further research.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115075353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902235
S. Hellsten, M. Mjelde
(2009). Macrophyte responses to water level fluctuation in Fennoscandinavian Lakes — Applying a common index. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 765-769.
(2009)。芬诺斯堪的那维亚湖泊中大型植物对水位波动的响应——应用一个共同指数。SIL学报，1922-2010:Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 765-769。
{"title":"Macrophyte responses to water level fluctuation in Fennoscandinavian Lakes — Applying a common index","authors":"S. Hellsten, M. Mjelde","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902235","url":null,"abstract":"(2009). Macrophyte responses to water level fluctuation in Fennoscandinavian Lakes — Applying a common index. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 765-769.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117323612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902310
Fernando Pantoja-Agreda, G. Martínez, C. Santos-Flores, D. Sotomayor-Ramírez
Tropical reservoirs frequently suffer from high rates of sediment and nutrient loads (SALAS & MARTINO 200 l, WETZEL 200 l). Alloctonous nutrient inputs through runoff largely control the entrance o f nutrients and other dissolved and particulate materials; however, interna! cycling during mixis is a mechanism for the vertical transfer and exchange of nutrient through the water column. Seasonal changes in precipitation and thermal regimes are important driving factors for water column stratification and mixing pattems in the tropics (HORNE & ÜOLDMAN 1994). The excessive input of nutrients influences the structure and dynamics ofthe phytoplankton community by increasing primary production and altering species composition (CHALAR 2006). Hence, assessing the phytoplankton assemblage of a reservoir can be used as an indicator of its trophic state and overall ecological integrity (REYNOLDS 1986). There is limited information of phytoplankton diversity and temporal dynamics in tropical zones (LEWIS 1978, TuNDISI 1986, KALF & WATSON 1986, ÜONZÁLEZ & ÜRTAZ 1998), and in reservoirs ofPuerto Rico (CANDELAS-REYES 1956, JOBIN et al. 1979, ÜUINONES-MÁRQUEZ 1980, ÜARCÍA & TILLY 1982). The purpose of this research was to characterize the spatial, temporal, and vertical dynamics of the phytoplanktonic community and its relation with the water column physico-chemical characteristics.
{"title":"Phytoplankton dynamics of the Guajataca reservoir, Puerto Rico","authors":"Fernando Pantoja-Agreda, G. Martínez, C. Santos-Flores, D. Sotomayor-Ramírez","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902310","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical reservoirs frequently suffer from high rates of sediment and nutrient loads (SALAS & MARTINO 200 l, WETZEL 200 l). Alloctonous nutrient inputs through runoff largely control the entrance o f nutrients and other dissolved and particulate materials; however, interna! cycling during mixis is a mechanism for the vertical transfer and exchange of nutrient through the water column. Seasonal changes in precipitation and thermal regimes are important driving factors for water column stratification and mixing pattems in the tropics (HORNE & ÜOLDMAN 1994). The excessive input of nutrients influences the structure and dynamics ofthe phytoplankton community by increasing primary production and altering species composition (CHALAR 2006). Hence, assessing the phytoplankton assemblage of a reservoir can be used as an indicator of its trophic state and overall ecological integrity (REYNOLDS 1986). There is limited information of phytoplankton diversity and temporal dynamics in tropical zones (LEWIS 1978, TuNDISI 1986, KALF & WATSON 1986, ÜONZÁLEZ & ÜRTAZ 1998), and in reservoirs ofPuerto Rico (CANDELAS-REYES 1956, JOBIN et al. 1979, ÜUINONES-MÁRQUEZ 1980, ÜARCÍA & TILLY 1982). The purpose of this research was to characterize the spatial, temporal, and vertical dynamics of the phytoplanktonic community and its relation with the water column physico-chemical characteristics.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129940588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902271
M. E. Beltrami, L. Ector, F. Ciutti, C. Cappelletti, L. Hoffmann, E. Rott
The application of the European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD; EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 2000) recommends analyses o f periphyton o f water courses for the assessment of the ecological quality. Diatoms represent a frequently used and reliable group of bioindicators within benthic biota. The objective of this study was to analyse benthic diatom assemblages ofthe Adige River (Italy) and to test different diatom indication methods in relation to water quality changes along 400 km o f the river.
{"title":"Longitudinal variations of benthic diatoms and water quality along a large river (Adige River) in Northern Italy","authors":"M. E. Beltrami, L. Ector, F. Ciutti, C. Cappelletti, L. Hoffmann, E. Rott","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902271","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD; EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 2000) recommends analyses o f periphyton o f water courses for the assessment of the ecological quality. Diatoms represent a frequently used and reliable group of bioindicators within benthic biota. The objective of this study was to analyse benthic diatom assemblages ofthe Adige River (Italy) and to test different diatom indication methods in relation to water quality changes along 400 km o f the river.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130586679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902303
D. Culver, J. Conroy, Jeffrey T. Tyson, Valerie C. Crane, Hongyan Zhang
In the Laurentian Great Lakes, recruitment of yellow perch (Percajlavescens) and walleye (Sander vitreus) is high1y variab1e. Suggested factors to exp1ain this resu1t include spawning stock size, zoop1ankton availability to juveni1es (DETIMERS et al. 2003, HoXMEIER et al. 2004, FULFORD et al. 2006), predation (HARTMAN & MARGRAF 1993), spring warming rate (BuscH et al. 1975, CLADY 1976), and temperature (HO KANsoN 1977, HENDERSON & NEPZY 1988). Recruitment of other taxa found in the smallest ofthe Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Eri e, a1so varies, inc1uding species such as, white bass (Morone chrysops), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), rainbow sme1t ( Osmerus mordax), andemera1d (Notropis atherinoides) and spottai1 shiners (N. hudsonius; ODW 2006). The abundances of walleye and yellow perch have increased significantly since 1970 as phosphorus (P) 1oading to the 1ake has decreased. Because P 1oading and young-of-the-year (YOY) fish abundances have been measured since 1969, Lake Eri e allows us to test whether P-1oading affects fish recruitment.
{"title":"“Optimal” P loading in large lakes affects fish communities: Do you prefer walleye or yellow perch?","authors":"D. Culver, J. Conroy, Jeffrey T. Tyson, Valerie C. Crane, Hongyan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902303","url":null,"abstract":"In the Laurentian Great Lakes, recruitment of yellow perch (Percajlavescens) and walleye (Sander vitreus) is high1y variab1e. Suggested factors to exp1ain this resu1t include spawning stock size, zoop1ankton availability to juveni1es (DETIMERS et al. 2003, HoXMEIER et al. 2004, FULFORD et al. 2006), predation (HARTMAN & MARGRAF 1993), spring warming rate (BuscH et al. 1975, CLADY 1976), and temperature (HO KANsoN 1977, HENDERSON & NEPZY 1988). Recruitment of other taxa found in the smallest ofthe Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Eri e, a1so varies, inc1uding species such as, white bass (Morone chrysops), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), rainbow sme1t ( Osmerus mordax), andemera1d (Notropis atherinoides) and spottai1 shiners (N. hudsonius; ODW 2006). The abundances of walleye and yellow perch have increased significantly since 1970 as phosphorus (P) 1oading to the 1ake has decreased. Because P 1oading and young-of-the-year (YOY) fish abundances have been measured since 1969, Lake Eri e allows us to test whether P-1oading affects fish recruitment.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130914918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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