Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902341
M. Demarty, A. Parkes, Y. Prairie
The loading of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can contribute significantly to the energy pathways of lake ecosystems (TRANVIK 1992, PACE et al. 2004, CARPENTER et al. 2005, KRITZBERG et al. 2006). Water column metabolism could also be sustained by benthic production, however, because i t often dominates the overall productivity o f the system, particularly in shallow lakes (VADEBONCOEUR et al. 2003). Living macrophytes are known to release DOC (WETZEL & MANNY 1972, GoDMAIRE & NALEWAJKO 1989, BARRÓN et al. 2003) and area potential source of carbon for water column metabolism; therefore, we determined the relative contribution oftotal quantity ofDOC released by living macrophytes to the entire DOC pool to estimate its potential contribution to metabolism at the ecosystem scale. We measured in situ DOC release rates by the macrophyte-epiphyte complex (Demarty and Prairie, unpubl) and compared them to DOC loads from the watersheds.
陆地溶解有机碳(DOC)的负荷对湖泊生态系统的能量通路有重要贡献(TRANVIK 1992, PACE et al. 2004, CARPENTER et al. 2005, KRITZBERG et al. 2006)。然而，水柱代谢也可以通过底栖生物的生产来维持，因为底栖生物的生产通常主导着系统的整体生产力，特别是在浅湖中(VADEBONCOEUR等人，2003)。已知活的大型植物释放DOC (WETZEL & MANNY 1972, GoDMAIRE & NALEWAJKO 1989, BARRÓN et al. 2003)，是水柱代谢的潜在碳源;因此，我们确定了活的大型植物释放的DOC总量对整个DOC库的相对贡献，以估计其在生态系统尺度上对代谢的潜在贡献。我们测量了大型植物-附生植物复合体(Demarty和Prairie, unpubl)的原位DOC释放率，并将其与流域的DOC负荷进行了比较。
{"title":"Quantitative contribution of DOC release by the macrophyte-epiphyte complex in different ecosystems","authors":"M. Demarty, A. Parkes, Y. Prairie","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902341","url":null,"abstract":"The loading of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can contribute significantly to the energy pathways of lake ecosystems (TRANVIK 1992, PACE et al. 2004, CARPENTER et al. 2005, KRITZBERG et al. 2006). Water column metabolism could also be sustained by benthic production, however, because i t often dominates the overall productivity o f the system, particularly in shallow lakes (VADEBONCOEUR et al. 2003). Living macrophytes are known to release DOC (WETZEL & MANNY 1972, GoDMAIRE & NALEWAJKO 1989, BARRÓN et al. 2003) and area potential source of carbon for water column metabolism; therefore, we determined the relative contribution oftotal quantity ofDOC released by living macrophytes to the entire DOC pool to estimate its potential contribution to metabolism at the ecosystem scale. We measured in situ DOC release rates by the macrophyte-epiphyte complex (Demarty and Prairie, unpubl) and compared them to DOC loads from the watersheds.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127954202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902328
Karolina Leberfinger, J. Herrmann
Lotic invertebrate distribution patterns are governed by factors acting at scales ranging from regional or catchment-wide processes to characteristics of individual local patches (MALMQVIST 2002). Benthic assemblages in intermittent streams are subject to further constraints through the recurrent dry phase oftheir habitats (BouLTON & LAKE 1990). As macroinvertebrates are involved in various processes in stream ecosystems (WALLACE & WEBSTER 1996), their distribution patterns may affect ecosystem functions. Decomposition of organic matter is a crucial ecosystem process, recycling nutrients and supporting detrital based food webs. The significance of fragmentation of coarse organic matter by the functional feeding group shredders is well recognized (ANDERSON & SEDELL 1979, WALLACE & WEBSTER 1996, GRACA 200 l). The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of shredders in 3 intermittent streams. We hypothesized that shredder diversity and abundance would be highest at sites with (l) a shorter duration of summer drought, and (2) forest riparian vegetation; and that (3) recovery of shredders after summer drought would be slower at sites with longer dry phase.
{"title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of shredders in leaf-limited intermittent streams","authors":"Karolina Leberfinger, J. Herrmann","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902328","url":null,"abstract":"Lotic invertebrate distribution patterns are governed by factors acting at scales ranging from regional or catchment-wide processes to characteristics of individual local patches (MALMQVIST 2002). Benthic assemblages in intermittent streams are subject to further constraints through the recurrent dry phase oftheir habitats (BouLTON & LAKE 1990). As macroinvertebrates are involved in various processes in stream ecosystems (WALLACE & WEBSTER 1996), their distribution patterns may affect ecosystem functions. Decomposition of organic matter is a crucial ecosystem process, recycling nutrients and supporting detrital based food webs. The significance of fragmentation of coarse organic matter by the functional feeding group shredders is well recognized (ANDERSON & SEDELL 1979, WALLACE & WEBSTER 1996, GRACA 200 l). The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of shredders in 3 intermittent streams. We hypothesized that shredder diversity and abundance would be highest at sites with (l) a shorter duration of summer drought, and (2) forest riparian vegetation; and that (3) recovery of shredders after summer drought would be slower at sites with longer dry phase.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123032359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902340
M. S. Parker, H. Welsh, D. Sarr
Stocking of nonnative fishes into historically fish1ess 1akes represents one of the most widespread manipu1ations of high e1evation aquatic ecosystems throughout mountainous regions ofwestern North America (BAHLS 1992, DuNHAM et al. 2004, PISTER 2001). Eco1ogica1 impacts ofnonnative fish introductions have been well documented and include dramatic reductions and extirpations of 1arge, mobi1e benthic invertebrate and zoop1ankton species (BRADFORD et al. 1998, CARLISLE & HAWKINS 1998, PARKER et al. 2001; but see WisSINGER et al. 2006 for contrasting resu1ts from New Zea1and 1akes) and amphibian popu1ations (BRADFORD 1989, KNAPP 2005, PILLIOD & PETERSON 2001). These massive a1terations of 1ake communities can 1ead to 1arge-sca1e changes in eco1ogica1 processes (SCHINDLER et al. 2001, WALTERS & VINCENT 1973) and may extend into the terrestria1 environment (MATTHEWS et al. 2002). Cessation of fish stocking in the 1970s and 80s within nationa1 parks and wi1derness areas has resulted in many smaller lakes returning to a fishless condition, but self-sustaining fish populations continue to persist in most larger lakes (DoNALD 1987, PARKER et al. 2001). Laek of systematic surveys in many areas limits know1edge of current fish distributions and ongoing impacts on native biota (BAHLS 1992). In this study we surveyed permanent 1akes an d ponds within Lassen Volcanic Nationa1 Park (LVNP) to (l) de seri be current fish distributions 20-30 yr after stocking ceased, and (2) assess continuing effects o f introduced fishes on the distribution an d abundance ofzoop1ankton and littoral benthos. Because most, ifnot all, naturallakes >2 m deep within LVNP were stocked in the past, current fishless 1akes would have 1ost their fish populations after the cessation o f stocking. Differences in invertebrate distribution and abundance between fish and fishless lakes should, therefore, reveal changes in response to fish 1oss and show whether communities within previous1y stocked lakes are resilient to major shifts in top predator abundance. This study was don e in conjunction with a survey o f amphibian distribution within LVNP reported elsewhere ( J.E. STEAD et al., U. S. Forest Service, unpubl.) and is the first complete survey oflakes within LVNP.
在北美西部山区，将非本地鱼类放养到历史上没有鱼类的湖泊是对高海拔水生生态系统最广泛的操纵之一(BAHLS 1992, DuNHAM et al. 2004, PISTER 2001)。外来鱼类的引入对生态的影响已经得到了充分的记录，包括大型、可移动的底栖无脊椎动物和浮游动物物种的急剧减少和灭绝(BRADFORD et al. 1998, CARLISLE & HAWKINS 1998, PARKER et al. 2001;但参见WisSINGER等人2006年对新西兰(和湖区)和两栖动物种群的对比结果(BRADFORD 1989, KNAPP 2005, PILLIOD & PETERSON 2001)。这些湖泊群落的大规模灭绝可能导致生态过程的大规模变化(SCHINDLER等人，2001年;WALTERS & VINCENT, 1973年)，并可能延伸到陆地环境(MATTHEWS等人，2002年)。20世纪70年代和80年代，在国家公园和荒野地区停止放养鱼类，导致许多较小的湖泊恢复到无鱼状态，但在大多数较大的湖泊中，自我维持的鱼类种群继续存在(DoNALD 1987, PARKER et al. 2001)。在许多地区缺乏系统的调查限制了对当前鱼类分布和对本地生物群的持续影响的认识(BAHLS 1992)。在本研究中，我们调查了拉森火山国家公园(Lassen Volcanic national Park, LVNP)内的永久湖泊和池塘，以(1)测定停止放养20-30年后的鱼类分布情况;(2)评估引进鱼类对浮游动物和沿海底栖动物的分布和丰度的持续影响。因为大多数(如果不是全部的话)LVNP内深度>2米的自然湖泊过去都有放养，所以现在的无鱼湖泊在停止放养后会失去鱼类种群。因此，鱼类和无鱼类湖泊之间无脊椎动物分布和丰度的差异应该揭示对鱼类减少的反应变化，并表明以前有资源的湖泊内的群落是否能够适应顶级捕食者丰度的重大变化。这项研究是与其他地方报道的LVNP内两栖动物分布调查(J.E. STEAD等人，美国林业局，unpublic .)一起进行的，是第一次对LVNP内的两栖动物进行全面调查。
{"title":"Distribution of introduced fishes and their effects on high elevation lake communities in Lassen Volcanic National Park, CA, USA","authors":"M. S. Parker, H. Welsh, D. Sarr","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902340","url":null,"abstract":"Stocking of nonnative fishes into historically fish1ess 1akes represents one of the most widespread manipu1ations of high e1evation aquatic ecosystems throughout mountainous regions ofwestern North America (BAHLS 1992, DuNHAM et al. 2004, PISTER 2001). Eco1ogica1 impacts ofnonnative fish introductions have been well documented and include dramatic reductions and extirpations of 1arge, mobi1e benthic invertebrate and zoop1ankton species (BRADFORD et al. 1998, CARLISLE & HAWKINS 1998, PARKER et al. 2001; but see WisSINGER et al. 2006 for contrasting resu1ts from New Zea1and 1akes) and amphibian popu1ations (BRADFORD 1989, KNAPP 2005, PILLIOD & PETERSON 2001). These massive a1terations of 1ake communities can 1ead to 1arge-sca1e changes in eco1ogica1 processes (SCHINDLER et al. 2001, WALTERS & VINCENT 1973) and may extend into the terrestria1 environment (MATTHEWS et al. 2002). Cessation of fish stocking in the 1970s and 80s within nationa1 parks and wi1derness areas has resulted in many smaller lakes returning to a fishless condition, but self-sustaining fish populations continue to persist in most larger lakes (DoNALD 1987, PARKER et al. 2001). Laek of systematic surveys in many areas limits know1edge of current fish distributions and ongoing impacts on native biota (BAHLS 1992). In this study we surveyed permanent 1akes an d ponds within Lassen Volcanic Nationa1 Park (LVNP) to (l) de seri be current fish distributions 20-30 yr after stocking ceased, and (2) assess continuing effects o f introduced fishes on the distribution an d abundance ofzoop1ankton and littoral benthos. Because most, ifnot all, naturallakes >2 m deep within LVNP were stocked in the past, current fishless 1akes would have 1ost their fish populations after the cessation o f stocking. Differences in invertebrate distribution and abundance between fish and fishless lakes should, therefore, reveal changes in response to fish 1oss and show whether communities within previous1y stocked lakes are resilient to major shifts in top predator abundance. This study was don e in conjunction with a survey o f amphibian distribution within LVNP reported elsewhere ( J.E. STEAD et al., U. S. Forest Service, unpubl.) and is the first complete survey oflakes within LVNP.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115710087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902347
J. Alcocer, E. Arce, L. Zambrano, X. Chiappa-Carrara
The status of local endemic species such as Poblana alchichica is difficult to assess, and therefore conservation measures are not efficiently implemented. However, in recent years several methods have helped compare status of different species based on objective criteria. The method to evaluate the extinction risk of Mexican native species (MER), partially based on Gardenfors et al. (2001), considers 4 criteria regarding the taxon: (1) distribution extent in Mexico, (2) habitat condition, (3) intrinsic biological vulnerability, and (4) human impact on the species. Numerical values are assigned to each criterion in ascending risk order. According to Tambutti et al. (2002), each criterion is independent from the others, and the addition comes to be an accumulative evaluation of risk (SEMARNAT 2002). Even if independently evaluating criteria 2 and 4 is difficult, the grade of each criterion is required to obtain the final assessment. The lack of studies on P. alchichica (Pisces: Atherinidae) – and quite probably for many other species – prevents the accurate quantification of 3 of these 4 criteria (except distribution extent) required for the extinction risk assignation. Previous studies on P. alchichica (Fig. 1) are solely taxonomic. De Buen (1945) described the new silverside species collected from Lake Alchichica. Later, Alvarez (1950) and Guerra Magana (1986) considered Alchichica’s silverside to be a subspecies (P. alchichica alchichica). However, Miller (1986), in his study on the origin and geography of the fishes of Central Mexico, and Espinosa et al. (1993), in their list of Mexican freshwater fishes, re-evaluated the specific status of P. alchichica. Our study aimed to provide scientific data to support (a) the actual risk status of P. alchichica by identifying the factors imposing risk to the species through habitat alteration and population status, and (b) to design adequate protection programs for this species.
当地特有物种如扁豆的现状难以评估，因此保护措施未能有效实施。然而，近年来有几种方法可以根据客观标准比较不同物种的状况。部分基于Gardenfors et al.(2001)的墨西哥本土物种(MER)灭绝风险评估方法考虑了4个分类单元标准:(1)在墨西哥的分布范围，(2)栖息地条件，(3)内在生物脆弱性，(4)人类对该物种的影响。数值按风险升序分配给每个标准。根据Tambutti et al.(2002)的观点，每个标准都是独立于其他标准的，它们的相加是对风险的累积评估(SEMARNAT 2002)。即使独立评价标准2和4是困难的，也需要每个标准的等级来获得最终的评价。缺乏对P. alchichica(双鱼座:Atherinidae)的研究——很可能对许多其他物种也是如此——阻碍了对灭绝风险分配所需的4个标准中的3个标准的准确量化(分布范围除外)。以往对P. alchichica(图1)的研究仅仅是分类学上的。De Buen(1945)描述了从Alchichica湖收集的新银鱼种。后来，Alvarez(1950)和Guerra Magana(1986)认为Alchichica 's silverside是一个亚种(P. Alchichica Alchichica)。然而，Miller(1986)在他对墨西哥中部鱼类的起源和地理的研究中，以及Espinosa等人(1993)在他们的墨西哥淡水鱼名单中，重新评估了P. alchichica的具体地位。本研究旨在通过生境的改变和种群的变化来确定影响该物种风险的因素，从而为该物种的实际风险状况提供科学依据;为该物种的保护规划提供科学依据。
{"title":"Poblana alchichica: A threatened silverside species?","authors":"J. Alcocer, E. Arce, L. Zambrano, X. Chiappa-Carrara","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902347","url":null,"abstract":"The status of local endemic species such as Poblana alchichica is difficult to assess, and therefore conservation measures are not efficiently implemented. However, in recent years several methods have helped compare status of different species based on objective criteria. The method to evaluate the extinction risk of Mexican native species (MER), partially based on Gardenfors et al. (2001), considers 4 criteria regarding the taxon: (1) distribution extent in Mexico, (2) habitat condition, (3) intrinsic biological vulnerability, and (4) human impact on the species. Numerical values are assigned to each criterion in ascending risk order. According to Tambutti et al. (2002), each criterion is independent from the others, and the addition comes to be an accumulative evaluation of risk (SEMARNAT 2002). Even if independently evaluating criteria 2 and 4 is difficult, the grade of each criterion is required to obtain the final assessment. The lack of studies on P. alchichica (Pisces: Atherinidae) – and quite probably for many other species – prevents the accurate quantification of 3 of these 4 criteria (except distribution extent) required for the extinction risk assignation. Previous studies on P. alchichica (Fig. 1) are solely taxonomic. De Buen (1945) described the new silverside species collected from Lake Alchichica. Later, Alvarez (1950) and Guerra Magana (1986) considered Alchichica’s silverside to be a subspecies (P. alchichica alchichica). However, Miller (1986), in his study on the origin and geography of the fishes of Central Mexico, and Espinosa et al. (1993), in their list of Mexican freshwater fishes, re-evaluated the specific status of P. alchichica. Our study aimed to provide scientific data to support (a) the actual risk status of P. alchichica by identifying the factors imposing risk to the species through habitat alteration and population status, and (b) to design adequate protection programs for this species.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124873635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902348
K. Hirabayashi, Masaru Yamamoto, Masamichi Yamamoto, G. Kimura
Chironomidae, one of the largest groups of aquatic insects, occur in most types of freshwater habitats such as springs, streams and seepage areas, rivers, lakes, ponds, marshes, and temporary pools (CRANSTON 1995}. Approximately 5000 species have been described world-wide (CRANSTON & MARTIN 1989). About l 000 species are known from Japan (SASA & KIKUCHI 1995), but few studies on chironomid fauna in lentic/lotic habitats have been undertaken in Japan because of the difficulty of larval species identification. Lake Aoki (36°37'N; 137°5l'E), Nakatsuna (36°36'N; 137°5l'E), and Kizaki (36°33'N; 137°50'E) are called the Nishina Three Lakes and are connected by the same water system, the Nougu River (Fig. 1). Lake Aoki (surface area 1.86 km, altitude 822 m a.s.l., maximum depth 58.0 m) is the deepest and has the greatest water volume. Lake Nakatsuna
{"title":"Seasonal trends in populations of chironomid midges in the high mountain Nishina Three Lakes in Japan","authors":"K. Hirabayashi, Masaru Yamamoto, Masamichi Yamamoto, G. Kimura","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902348","url":null,"abstract":"Chironomidae, one of the largest groups of aquatic insects, occur in most types of freshwater habitats such as springs, streams and seepage areas, rivers, lakes, ponds, marshes, and temporary pools (CRANSTON 1995}. Approximately 5000 species have been described world-wide (CRANSTON & MARTIN 1989). About l 000 species are known from Japan (SASA & KIKUCHI 1995), but few studies on chironomid fauna in lentic/lotic habitats have been undertaken in Japan because of the difficulty of larval species identification. Lake Aoki (36°37'N; 137°5l'E), Nakatsuna (36°36'N; 137°5l'E), and Kizaki (36°33'N; 137°50'E) are called the Nishina Three Lakes and are connected by the same water system, the Nougu River (Fig. 1). Lake Aoki (surface area 1.86 km, altitude 822 m a.s.l., maximum depth 58.0 m) is the deepest and has the greatest water volume. Lake Nakatsuna","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114483108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902352
J. Heblinski, K. Schmieder, T. Heege, T. Agyemang, H. Sayadyan, L. Vardanyan
Methods of remote sensing are increasingly common techniques for the support of environmental and commercial projects. Different sensors with different spatial and spectral characteristics and their combinations accumulate a convenient database for analysis of environmental parameters. The two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometers (MODIS Aqua and Terra) acquire 2 complete coverages ofthe earth's surface per day. The Modular Inversion and Processing System (MIP; HEEGE & F!SCHER 2004, KISSELEV et al. 2005, MIKSA et al. 2006) allows the highly automated retrieval o f water constituents o f limnic habitats from remote sensing da ta. W e analyzed the seasonal development o f water constituents in the high mountainous Lake Sevan in 2006 by using the retrieval algorithms of MIP for data of sensor MODIS.
遥感方法日益成为支持环境和商业项目的常用技术。具有不同空间和光谱特征的不同传感器及其组合为分析环境参数积累了方便的数据库。两个中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS Aqua和Terra)每天获得2个地球表面的完整覆盖。模块化反演与处理系统(MIP)Heege & f !SCHER 2004, KISSELEV et al. 2005, MIKSA et al. 2006)允许从遥感数据中高度自动化地检索生物栖息地的水成分。利用遥感MODIS数据的MIP检索算法，分析了2006年高山塞万湖水体成分的季节变化特征。
{"title":"Mapping of water constituents in high mountainous Lake Sevan (Armenia)","authors":"J. Heblinski, K. Schmieder, T. Heege, T. Agyemang, H. Sayadyan, L. Vardanyan","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902352","url":null,"abstract":"Methods of remote sensing are increasingly common techniques for the support of environmental and commercial projects. Different sensors with different spatial and spectral characteristics and their combinations accumulate a convenient database for analysis of environmental parameters. The two Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometers (MODIS Aqua and Terra) acquire 2 complete coverages ofthe earth's surface per day. The Modular Inversion and Processing System (MIP; HEEGE & F!SCHER 2004, KISSELEV et al. 2005, MIKSA et al. 2006) allows the highly automated retrieval o f water constituents o f limnic habitats from remote sensing da ta. W e analyzed the seasonal development o f water constituents in the high mountainous Lake Sevan in 2006 by using the retrieval algorithms of MIP for data of sensor MODIS.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131341675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902346
B. Timms
Australia is a land of saline lakes, largely seasonal in the south and episodic elsewhere, populated almost exclusively by a fauna derived from freshwater ancestors (BAYLY & WILLIAMS 1966) and largely o f endemic crustaceans. Dominants include anostracans Parartemia spp., copepods Calamoecia spp., and ostracods Australocypris and related genera. A few species have colonised the saline lakes from terrestrial sources (e.g., the slater Haloniscus searlii; BAYLY & ELLIS 1969) and from the marine environment (e.g., the harpacticiod copepod Mesochra baylyi; BAYLY & WILLIAMS 1966). Although the salinity may be in the appropriate range, there are few invaders from the sea because the intermittent nature of most continental lakes means a survival mechanism for dry times is needed, and such are generally absent in marine species. At a few places on the long Australian coastline there are lakes that were once marine but are now transformed to intermittent continental waters, or still marine and maintaining contact via underground waters. Examples of the former occur in the Beachport-Robe area of South Australia (BAYLY 1970) and of the later on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia (TIMMS 2009). These were and continue to be populated by marine species capable of living in waters isolated from the sea and hence are likely sites for marine invasion of continental saline lakes. I examined these cases with special reference to Blue Lagoon, via Penong, South Australia, a lake hitherto not mentioned in the literature.
澳大利亚是一个盐湖之地，南部大部分是季节性的，其他地方是间歇性的，几乎完全由淡水祖先衍生的动物群(BAYLY & WILLIAMS 1966)和大部分特有的甲壳类动物组成。优势种有肛门纲类、副足类、桡足类、介形类及相关属。少数物种从陆地来源定居在咸水湖(例如，较晚的海螺;BAYLY & ELLIS 1969)和海洋环境(例如，鳍足类桡足类Mesochra baylyi;Bayly & Williams 1966)。虽然盐度可能在适当的范围内，但很少有来自海洋的入侵者，因为大多数大陆湖泊的间歇性意味着需要一种干旱时期的生存机制，而这种机制在海洋物种中通常是不存在的。在澳大利亚漫长的海岸线上，有一些湖泊曾经是海洋，但现在变成了间歇性的大陆水域，或者仍然是海洋，并通过地下水保持联系。前者的例子发生在南澳大利亚的Beachport-Robe地区(BAYLY 1970)，后者发生在南澳大利亚的Eyre半岛西海岸(TIMMS 2009)。这些地区过去和现在都生活着能够在与海洋隔绝的水域生活的海洋物种，因此很可能是大陆盐湖海洋入侵的地点。我研究了这些案例，特别提到了蓝湖，通过Penong，南澳大利亚，一个迄今为止没有在文献中提到的湖。
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Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902344
N. Takamatsu, A. Iwasaki, M. Kunugi, S. Ohsawa, G. Matsumoto
(2010). Some blue colored lake and pond waters in Japan. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1416-1420.
(2010)。日本一些蓝色的湖泊和池塘水域。SIL学报，1922-2010:Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1416-1420。
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Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902305
M. Puchniak, F. E. Awortwi, Peter O. Sanful, E. Frempong, R. Hall, R. Hecky
Thermal structure and mixing of deep tropical lakes are shaped by local meteorology and regional climatic trends, influencing the lake biogeochemical properties (VOLLMER et al. 2002, VERBURG et al. 2003). Frequently, productive tropical freshwaters develop anoxia in deep-waters that enhance dissolution of gases and nutrients in the hypolimnion, producing a sharp vertical density gradient with a fine thermal gradient. Lake Bosomtwe/Bosumtwi (hereafter referred to as Bosomtwe) is one such tropical lake permanently hypoxic below 30 m and strongly influenced by regional meteorology. The lake is located within a meteorite impact crater in the Sahel region of Ghana, West Africa (KoEBERL et al. 1997, 2007). The crater rim surrounding the lake reaches a maximum height of 460 m a.s.l., creating conditions within the crater of reduced wind stress and isolated hydrology from the surrounding Pra River Basin. The basement impact breccia from the initial meteoritic impact and overlying sediment layers are found to inhibit groundwater exchange (TuRNER et al. l996a). As a result, the hydrological balance of this closed basin is driven by longterm fluctuations in precipitation relative to rates of evaporation and reflected in the changing lake level {TuRNER et al. 1996a). Regional precipitation events in the Sahel are the result of the northward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone {ITCZ), a low-pressure belt formed at the confluence of the northeastem and southwestem trade winds (JANICOT 1992). lnterannual climate variability is most closely linked to the latitudinal extent o f the ITCZ and the intensity of the convection within the ITCZ (MAMOUDOU et al. 1995, NICHOLSON 1980). Seasonally, the Sahel region is driest when northeast trade winds, known as the Harmattan, transport dust from the Sahara Desert during the months of December and January (BEADLE 1981 ). The northward migration of the ITCZ ushers in the rainy season and may travel beyond the crater walls, creating a brief dry period in July. The effects of seasonal climate variability on the thermal stratification dynamics of Lake Bosomtwe are poorly documented; therefore the objectives of our research were to characterize both the meteorology within the crater walls and the resulting physical mixing dynamics of the lake, which ultimately dictate the water chemistry and the ecology within the basin.
热带深层湖泊的热结构和混合受当地气象和区域气候趋势的影响，影响湖泊的生物地球化学性质(VOLLMER et al. 2002, VERBURG et al. 2003)。通常，多产的热带淡水在深水中产生缺氧，促进了低阴离子中气体和营养物质的溶解，产生了急剧的垂直密度梯度和精细的热梯度。Bosomtwe/Bosumtwi湖(以下简称Bosomtwe)就是这样一个低于30米的热带湖泊，常年缺氧，受区域气象的强烈影响。该湖位于西非加纳萨赫勒地区的一个陨石撞击坑内(KoEBERL et al. 1997,2007)。环湖的火山口边缘最大高度为460米，这为火山口内风应力降低和与周围普拉河流域的水文隔离创造了条件。发现来自初始陨石撞击的基底角砾岩和上覆沉积层抑制地下水交换(TuRNER等，1996a)。因此，这个封闭盆地的水文平衡是由相对于蒸发率的降水的长期波动所驱动的，并反映在不断变化的湖泊水位上(TuRNER等人，1996a)。萨赫勒地区的区域性降水事件是热带辐合带北移的结果，热带辐合带是在东北和西南信风汇合处形成的低压带(JANICOT 1992)。年际气候变率与ITCZ的纬向范围和ITCZ内对流强度的关系最为密切(MAMOUDOU et al. 1995, NICHOLSON 1980)。季节性地，萨赫勒地区是最干燥的，当东北信风，被称为哈马坦，在12月和1月从撒哈拉沙漠吹来沙尘(BEADLE 1981)。ITCZ向北的迁移迎来了雨季，并可能越过火山口壁，在7月造成短暂的干旱期。季节气候变率对博索姆威湖热分层动力学的影响文献很少;因此，我们的研究目标是描述火山口壁上的气象学和由此产生的湖泊物理混合动力学，这最终决定了盆地内的水化学和生态。
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Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11923936
Fumiko Watanabe Nara, A. Imai, K. Matsushige, Kazuhiro Komatsu
Recent studies in Japan have reported that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in lake water showed a steady increase (SHIGA PREFECTURE 1996, JE A 1997). Dissolved organic carbon has the potential to form various disinfection by-products (DBP) such as trihalomethanes (THM), which are well-known cancerogenic substances, during water disinfection (LEENHEER & CROUE 2003). Furthermore, DOC influences phytoplankton activity in the lake environment (NAGAI et al. 2006). To maintain good quality drinking water and sound status of aquatic environments, it is urgent to resolve why DOC accumulates in lake water. Although the mechanism of increasing DOC concentrations in lake is still unclear, the accumulation of recalcitrant DOC (RDOC) should play an important role. Humic substances are typical RDOC, accounting for more than 30% of RDOC in Lake Kasumigaura (IMAI 2004). Stable carbon isotope measurements have been used to determine the source and cycling of DOC in the continental margins and ocean (DRUFFEL & WILLIAMS 1992, BAUER et al. 2001 ). In this study, we applied stable carbon isotope measurements (o C) to DOC of lacustrine environment, its humic fraction (HS) and RDOC in Lake Kasumigaura as well as to those derived from forest stream (FS) water samples. Because FS was dominated by HS, which accounted for more than 60% of the DOC (IMAI et al. 2001 ), it could be a substantial source of HS for Lake Kasumigaura. Our stable carbon isotopic characterization can lead to further understanding of DOC sources and its fate in Lake Kasumigaura.
日本最近的研究报告显示，湖水中溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度呈稳定增长趋势(SHIGA PREFECTURE 1996, JE a 1997)。溶解的有机碳有可能在水消毒过程中形成各种消毒副产物(DBP)，如三卤甲烷(THM)，这是众所周知的致癌物质(LEENHEER & CROUE 2003)。此外，DOC还影响湖泊环境中的浮游植物活动(NAGAI et al. 2006)。为了保持良好的饮用水质量和良好的水生环境状况，迫切需要解决湖泊水体中DOC积聚的原因。虽然湖泊中DOC浓度增加的机制尚不清楚，但顽固性DOC (RDOC)的积累应起重要作用。腐殖质是典型的RDOC，占霞浦湖RDOC的30%以上(IMAI 2004)。稳定碳同位素测量已用于确定大陆边缘和海洋DOC的来源和循环(DRUFFEL & WILLIAMS 1992, BAUER et al. 2001)。本研究采用稳定碳同位素(o C)测量方法，对Kasumigaura湖环境的DOC、其腐殖质组分(HS)和RDOC以及森林溪流(FS)水样进行了测量。由于FS以HS为主，占DOC的60%以上(IMAI et al. 2001)，它可能是霞浦湖HS的重要来源。稳定碳同位素表征有助于进一步了解霞aura湖DOC的来源及其命运。
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