Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902343
C. Faithfull, A. Bergström, T. Vrede
Pelagic production depends on biological energy mobilization based on both light energy mobilized by phytoplankton and imported energy bound as allochthonous organic carbon (AOC) and utilized by ba ...
{"title":"Pelagic energy mobilization across crossed gradients of phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon in a chemostat experiment","authors":"C. Faithfull, A. Bergström, T. Vrede","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902343","url":null,"abstract":"Pelagic production depends on biological energy mobilization based on both light energy mobilized by phytoplankton and imported energy bound as allochthonous organic carbon (AOC) and utilized by ba ...","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128040883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902330
I. R. Jónsson, G. S. Jónsson, J. Ólafsson, S. Einarsson, Þ. Antonsson
The diatom species Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngb.) M. Smith has been forming nuisance growths in some rivers in Iceland since the early 1990s (JONSSON et al. 2000). The algae covers stony river bed as a grayish, woolen cover and can eliminate macrophytes and moss. When the species was first found in Iceland, information from the literature of similar mass development in other countries was sparse, but since then time the nuisance appearance of D. geminata has been expanding on the global scale and the invasive behaviour has been recognized (SPAULDING & ELWELL 2007). lceland is a volcanic island predominantly formed of basaltic rock of Quaternary and Tertiary age. Using the type ofthe bedrock as a criteria for land zone classification (GuoJONSSON 1990), conductivity is generally highest in rivers within the neovolcanic zone and in long direct run-off rivers originating in well-vegetated highland catchments, whereas conductivity is lower in short run-off rivers of the Tertiary basalt formation (ÜISLASON et al. 1998, JONSSON et al. 2000). Rivers running from well-vegetated moors and rivers
双硅藻属(Didymosphenia geminata)自20世纪90年代初以来，M. Smith一直在冰岛的一些河流中形成有害的生长(JONSSON et al. 2000)。这种藻类覆盖在多石的河床上，像灰色的羊毛状覆盖物，可以消灭大型植物和苔藓。当该物种首次在冰岛被发现时，其他国家类似的大规模发展的文献信息很少，但从那时起，D. geminata的令人讨厌的外观在全球范围内扩大，入侵行为已经被认识到(SPAULDING & ELWELL 2007)。冰岛是一个火山岛，主要由第四纪和第三纪的玄武岩组成。使用基岩类型作为陆地区域分类的标准(GuoJONSSON 1990)，电导率通常在新火山带内的河流和源于植被丰富的高地集水区的直接径流长的河流中最高，而第三系玄武岩组的短径流河流的电导率较低(ÜISLASON et al. 1998, JONSSON et al. 2000)。从植被繁茂的荒野和河流中流出的河流
{"title":"The colonization of the invasive diatom Didymosphenia geminata in Icelandic rivers","authors":"I. R. Jónsson, G. S. Jónsson, J. Ólafsson, S. Einarsson, Þ. Antonsson","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902330","url":null,"abstract":"The diatom species Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngb.) M. Smith has been forming nuisance growths in some rivers in Iceland since the early 1990s (JONSSON et al. 2000). The algae covers stony river bed as a grayish, woolen cover and can eliminate macrophytes and moss. When the species was first found in Iceland, information from the literature of similar mass development in other countries was sparse, but since then time the nuisance appearance of D. geminata has been expanding on the global scale and the invasive behaviour has been recognized (SPAULDING & ELWELL 2007). lceland is a volcanic island predominantly formed of basaltic rock of Quaternary and Tertiary age. Using the type ofthe bedrock as a criteria for land zone classification (GuoJONSSON 1990), conductivity is generally highest in rivers within the neovolcanic zone and in long direct run-off rivers originating in well-vegetated highland catchments, whereas conductivity is lower in short run-off rivers of the Tertiary basalt formation (ÜISLASON et al. 1998, JONSSON et al. 2000). Rivers running from well-vegetated moors and rivers","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902331
A. Montoya-López, Mauricio Torres-Mejia, J. Palacio, L. Jiménez-Segura
Magdalena River basin is the core of development and economy of Colombia, with about 80% o f the country's population (32 million) depending on it. This basin is drained by the Magdalena River and 3 main tributary rivers: Cauca, Sogamoso, and San Jorge, covering an area of 257 438 km (nearly a quarter ofColombia's territory) (GALVIS & MoncA 2007). According to its geomorphologic features, this basin has been divided in 3 main sectors: Upper, Middle, and Lower. Flood plain areas appear in Middle basin and grow in the Lower. The number o f fish species reported for this basin i s 167, some migratory and important for artisanal fisheries. Although fishery captures were nearly 80 000 tons in the 1970s, only one-fifth that amount is produced now (GALVIS & MoncA 2007). Studies on reproductive biology ofMagdalena River basin fishes are crucial for fisheries management and environmental protection programs. Based on some information on environmental factors and fish reproduction from different places in Magdalena River, we list some possible physiological pathways induced by environmental cues and recommend some experimental approaches that would help clarify such relationships.
{"title":"Effects of environmental factors on reproductive seasonality of Magdalena River basin fish: need for answers in the ecophysiology","authors":"A. Montoya-López, Mauricio Torres-Mejia, J. Palacio, L. Jiménez-Segura","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902331","url":null,"abstract":"Magdalena River basin is the core of development and economy of Colombia, with about 80% o f the country's population (32 million) depending on it. This basin is drained by the Magdalena River and 3 main tributary rivers: Cauca, Sogamoso, and San Jorge, covering an area of 257 438 km (nearly a quarter ofColombia's territory) (GALVIS & MoncA 2007). According to its geomorphologic features, this basin has been divided in 3 main sectors: Upper, Middle, and Lower. Flood plain areas appear in Middle basin and grow in the Lower. The number o f fish species reported for this basin i s 167, some migratory and important for artisanal fisheries. Although fishery captures were nearly 80 000 tons in the 1970s, only one-fifth that amount is produced now (GALVIS & MoncA 2007). Studies on reproductive biology ofMagdalena River basin fishes are crucial for fisheries management and environmental protection programs. Based on some information on environmental factors and fish reproduction from different places in Magdalena River, we list some possible physiological pathways induced by environmental cues and recommend some experimental approaches that would help clarify such relationships.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130885095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902322
K. Wagner
Lake management is a relatively young applied science, built upon fundamental principles developed from research endeavors over about 5 decades, and greatly advanced over the last 20 years. We have learned enough through research and experience to base most decisions on adequate data and sound ecological principles and to develop rational guidelines for application o f a wide range o f techniques. A number of published texts cover the lake and watershed management planning process and address the applicability and details of specific techniques (HoLDREN et al. 2001, McCoMAS 2002, MATISON et al. 2004, COOKE et al. 2005).
{"title":"Advances in lake management: research translated into application","authors":"K. Wagner","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902322","url":null,"abstract":"Lake management is a relatively young applied science, built upon fundamental principles developed from research endeavors over about 5 decades, and greatly advanced over the last 20 years. We have learned enough through research and experience to base most decisions on adequate data and sound ecological principles and to develop rational guidelines for application o f a wide range o f techniques. A number of published texts cover the lake and watershed management planning process and address the applicability and details of specific techniques (HoLDREN et al. 2001, McCoMAS 2002, MATISON et al. 2004, COOKE et al. 2005).","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131138142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902329
Gabriela von Rückert, A. Giani, L. Dutra
In the last decades many large reservoirs, such as Furnas Reservoir, were built in southeastern Brazil to provide sufficient power supply to the region. External nutrient inputs from agriculture and domestic sewage, however, caused an increase of eutrophication in these systems and, consequently, an increase in cyanobacterial blooms. Blooms of cyanobacteria are associated with several problems in water quality such as dissolved oxygen depletion, taste and odor, and unsafe drinking water due to the presence of cianotoxins (CARMICHAEL 2001, VINCENT et al. 2004). In Furnas Reservoir, cyanobacterial dominance or blooms may occur throughout the year. Several potential toxic species were observed, including Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Lyngbya hieronymusii, Microcystis aeruginosa, M. novaceckii, M panniformis, M. protocystis, Planktothrix planctonica, Radiocystis fornandoi, an d Sphaerocavum brasiliensis.
在过去的几十年里，巴西东南部建造了许多大型水库，如福纳斯水库，为该地区提供足够的电力供应。然而，来自农业和生活污水的外部营养投入导致这些系统富营养化的增加，从而导致蓝藻华的增加。蓝藻的大量繁殖与水质中的几个问题有关，如溶解氧耗尽、味道和气味，以及由于存在藻毒素而导致的饮用水不安全(CARMICHAEL 2001, VINCENT et al. 2004)。在弗纳斯水库，蓝藻优势或开花可能发生全年。观察到几种潜在的有毒物种，包括raciborski圆筒精子菌、hieronymusi lynbya、铜绿微囊菌、novaceckii、panniformis、原囊菌、plantothrix planctonica、Radiocystis fornandoi和Sphaerocavum brasiliensis。
{"title":"Assessing the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in a large Brazilian reservoir using satellite remote sensing","authors":"Gabriela von Rückert, A. Giani, L. Dutra","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902329","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades many large reservoirs, such as Furnas Reservoir, were built in southeastern Brazil to provide sufficient power supply to the region. External nutrient inputs from agriculture and domestic sewage, however, caused an increase of eutrophication in these systems and, consequently, an increase in cyanobacterial blooms. Blooms of cyanobacteria are associated with several problems in water quality such as dissolved oxygen depletion, taste and odor, and unsafe drinking water due to the presence of cianotoxins (CARMICHAEL 2001, VINCENT et al. 2004). In Furnas Reservoir, cyanobacterial dominance or blooms may occur throughout the year. Several potential toxic species were observed, including Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Lyngbya hieronymusii, Microcystis aeruginosa, M. novaceckii, M panniformis, M. protocystis, Planktothrix planctonica, Radiocystis fornandoi, an d Sphaerocavum brasiliensis.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115373864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902332
H. Togashi, Takao Suzuki, J. Urabe
Mountain moors, a typical landscape component of alpine and subalpine areas in Japan, frequently feature hundreds of pools ofvarious sizes. In these pools, larvae ofchironomidae (Diptera) are predominant, along with other aquatic insects and zooplankton (KURASAWA et al. 1982, IWAKUMA 1995). However, the abundance of such larvae and the species composition vary highly among pools even within the same moor (KURASAWA et al. 1982, UENO & IWAKUMA 1996). These spatial variations provide a unique opportunity to examine the factors that determine abundance of chironomid larvae and compositions o f their communities. Several studies have shown that community structures of chironomid larvae in fresh water are affected by various factors such as pH (WALKER et al. 1985, KRATZ et al. 1994), abundance and composition of macrophytes (CARDINALE et al. 1997, BRoDERSEN et al. 2001), productivity (SAETHER 1979, PERRIN & RrcHARDSON 1997), oviposition and colonization rates (ToKESHI & TowNSEND 1987), and predation (ThoRP & CoTHRAN 1984, WALDE & DAVIES 1984, JoHNSON et al. 1987, GoYKE & HERSHEY 1992, DIEHL 1995). However, little is known about the factors that determine community structures of chironornid larvae in mountain moors. In freshwater habitats, predation is crucial in determining abundance and composition of aquatic organisms (DIEHL 1995, WELLBORN et al. 1996). In the Shibakusa-Daira moors of the Zao Mountains in northeastem Japan, the abundance and composition of chironomidae larvae differ from pool to pool as they do in other moors (KuRASAWA et al. 1982, UENO & IWAKUMA 1996). These poo1s contain no fish but have several predatory animals, including the larvae of salamanders (Hynobious nigrescens) and alderflies (Sialis tohokuensis), and the nymphs of damselflies (Lestes sponsa) and dragonflies (Aeshna juncea andA. nigrojlava). Salamander larvae appear in these pools only in late spring to early summer, however, and the populations o f alderflies and damselflies are highly limited throughout the year. Thus, dragonfly nymphs are the most abundant predators in the pools at the Shibakusa-Daira. Aeshnajuncea are widely distributed from Eurasia to North America, but A. nigrojlava is endernic to Japan. Larvae o f this g en us are known to prey o n Diptera, including chironornid larvae (JOHNSON 1985, JOHANSSON 1993); therefore, we hypothesized that predation by Aeshna is one of the factors differentiating the abundance and composition of chironornid 1arvae among the Shibakusa-Daira pools. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating Aeshna abundance in a field experirnent.
山地沼泽是日本高山和亚高山地区的典型景观组成部分，经常有数百个大小不一的水池。在这些水池中，手蛾科(双翅目)的幼虫以及其他水生昆虫和浮游动物占主导地位(KURASAWA et al. 1982, IWAKUMA 1995)。然而，这种幼虫的丰度和物种组成在不同的池塘之间差异很大，即使在同一沼泽内(KURASAWA et al. 1982; UENO & IWAKUMA 1996)。这些空间变化提供了一个独特的机会来研究决定摇尾蛾幼虫丰度及其群落组成的因素。一些研究表明，淡水中摇尾蛾幼虫的群落结构受多种因素的影响，如pH值(WALKER et al. 1985, KRATZ et al. 1994)、大型植物的丰度和组成(CARDINALE et al. 1997, BRoDERSEN et al. 2001)、生产力(SAETHER 1979, PERRIN & RrcHARDSON 1997)、产卵和定植率(ToKESHI & TowNSEND 1987)和捕食(ThoRP & CoTHRAN 1984, WALDE & DAVIES 1984, JoHNSON et al. 1987, GoYKE & HERSHEY 1992, DIEHL 1995)。然而，山地沼地绿腹虫幼虫群落结构的影响因素尚不清楚。在淡水生境中，捕食是决定水生生物丰度和组成的关键因素(DIEHL 1995, WELLBORN et al. 1996)。在日本东北部早山的Shibakusa-Daira沼地中，与其他沼地一样，池与池之间手摇蝇幼虫的丰度和组成也不同(KuRASAWA et al. 1982, UENO & IWAKUMA 1996)。这些池塘里没有鱼，但有几种掠食性动物，包括蝾螈(Hynobious nigrescens)和桤木蝇(Sialis tohokuensis)的幼虫，豆娘(Lestes sponsa)和蜻蜓(Aeshna juncea andA)的若虫。nigrojlava)。然而，蝾螈幼虫只在春末夏初出现在这些池塘里，而红木蝇和豆豆蝇的数量全年都非常有限。因此，蜻蜓若虫是Shibakusa-Daira池塘中最丰富的捕食者。峨眉山属植物广泛分布于欧亚大陆至北美洲，而黑岩属植物仅产于日本。众所周知，这种昆虫的幼虫以双翅目昆虫为食，包括衣纲昆虫的幼虫(JOHNSON 1985, JOHANSSON 1993);因此，我们假设Aeshna的捕食是Shibakusa-Daira池中绿虫幼虫丰度和组成差异的因素之一。我们通过在现场实验中操纵Aeshna丰度来验证这一假设。
{"title":"Spatial variations in chironomid larvae and dragonfly predation in pools on a Japanese high mountain moor","authors":"H. Togashi, Takao Suzuki, J. Urabe","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902332","url":null,"abstract":"Mountain moors, a typical landscape component of alpine and subalpine areas in Japan, frequently feature hundreds of pools ofvarious sizes. In these pools, larvae ofchironomidae (Diptera) are predominant, along with other aquatic insects and zooplankton (KURASAWA et al. 1982, IWAKUMA 1995). However, the abundance of such larvae and the species composition vary highly among pools even within the same moor (KURASAWA et al. 1982, UENO & IWAKUMA 1996). These spatial variations provide a unique opportunity to examine the factors that determine abundance of chironomid larvae and compositions o f their communities. Several studies have shown that community structures of chironomid larvae in fresh water are affected by various factors such as pH (WALKER et al. 1985, KRATZ et al. 1994), abundance and composition of macrophytes (CARDINALE et al. 1997, BRoDERSEN et al. 2001), productivity (SAETHER 1979, PERRIN & RrcHARDSON 1997), oviposition and colonization rates (ToKESHI & TowNSEND 1987), and predation (ThoRP & CoTHRAN 1984, WALDE & DAVIES 1984, JoHNSON et al. 1987, GoYKE & HERSHEY 1992, DIEHL 1995). However, little is known about the factors that determine community structures of chironornid larvae in mountain moors. In freshwater habitats, predation is crucial in determining abundance and composition of aquatic organisms (DIEHL 1995, WELLBORN et al. 1996). In the Shibakusa-Daira moors of the Zao Mountains in northeastem Japan, the abundance and composition of chironomidae larvae differ from pool to pool as they do in other moors (KuRASAWA et al. 1982, UENO & IWAKUMA 1996). These poo1s contain no fish but have several predatory animals, including the larvae of salamanders (Hynobious nigrescens) and alderflies (Sialis tohokuensis), and the nymphs of damselflies (Lestes sponsa) and dragonflies (Aeshna juncea andA. nigrojlava). Salamander larvae appear in these pools only in late spring to early summer, however, and the populations o f alderflies and damselflies are highly limited throughout the year. Thus, dragonfly nymphs are the most abundant predators in the pools at the Shibakusa-Daira. Aeshnajuncea are widely distributed from Eurasia to North America, but A. nigrojlava is endernic to Japan. Larvae o f this g en us are known to prey o n Diptera, including chironornid larvae (JOHNSON 1985, JOHANSSON 1993); therefore, we hypothesized that predation by Aeshna is one of the factors differentiating the abundance and composition of chironornid 1arvae among the Shibakusa-Daira pools. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating Aeshna abundance in a field experirnent.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128690297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902327
K. Clarke, R. Knoechel
Most studies of experimental perturbation of the benthiccommunity employ simple estimates of numerical abundancewhen making comparisons among treatments (Rosenberg& Resh 1993, Benke 1994). Although valid in manyinstances, numerical abundance is influenced by the balancebetween reproduction and death, each of which may respondindependently to the perturbation. Simple numerical esti-mates also cannot reflect differences in individual size thatmay result from growth rate enhancement. Secondary pro-duction estimates take reproduction, growth, and death intoaccount (Benke 1994) and thus may be more powerful indi-cators of ecosystem change and give us a better understand-ing of why changes are occurring. Secondary production esti-mates are infrequently reported, probably because theyrequire large sample sizes and labour-intensive weight deter-minations.Thus, benthic community production has usually beenneglected in mesocosm nutrient enrichment experiments andbenthic production estimates are almost non-existent inwhole-lake nutrient enrichment experiments. When benthicproduction estimates have been reported with respect toexperimental nutrient additions the results have been con-flicting. Peterson et al.(1993) observed initial growth rateincreases, but total secondary production did not increase dueto “top-down” processes (predation) in a tundra river system.Aagaard (1982) reported density increases for 2 chirono-mid species during a whole-lake enrichment experiment, butthese increases and the production estimates were reported asbeing within the limits expected by annual variation alone,and thus the effect due to the nutrient enrichment was notclear.Our study had 2 main objectives. First, to document thebenthic macroinvertbrate biomass and production of thedominate taxa in 3 small Newfoundland lakes and to put thisinformation in context with respect to other estimates foundin the literature. To our knowledge this is the first attempt atcalculating secondary production estimates for these habitatsin Newfoundland despite them being common and importantto the overall production of highly valued salmonid species(Dempson et al. 1996).Our second objective was to document the relationshipbetween whole-lake nutrient enrichment and its effect onbenthic secondary production. The working hypothesis forthis objective was that the increase in nutrient load to theenriched ecosystem would increase primary productivity,which in turn would increase the productivity of the benthos.Benthic responses could be manifested as numericalincreases (Clarke et al. 1997) and/or growth rate increases(larger size), both of which should be reflected in populationproduction estimates.
大多数关于底栖生物群落实验扰动的研究在进行不同处理之间的比较时，采用简单的数值丰度估计(Rosenberg& Resh 1993, Benke 1994)。虽然在许多情况下是有效的，但数量丰度受到繁殖和死亡之间平衡的影响，而每一个都可能独立地对扰动作出反应。简单的数值估计也不能反映个体大小的差异，这可能是由于生长速度的提高而造成的。次级产量估计考虑到繁殖、生长和死亡(Benke 1994)，因此可能是生态系统变化的更有力的指标，并使我们更好地了解变化发生的原因。第二次产量估计很少报告，可能是因为它们需要大样本量和劳力密集的重量测定。因此，在中生态营养物富集实验中，底栖生物群落产量通常被忽略，而在全湖营养物富集实验中，底栖生物产量估计几乎不存在。当底栖生物产量的估计已经报告了关于实验性营养添加的结果是相互矛盾的。Peterson et al.(1993)观察到初始生长率增加，但在冻土带河流系统中，由于“自上而下”的过程(捕食)，总次生产量没有增加。Aagaard(1982)在一次全湖富集实验中报道了2种中游物种的密度增加，但这些增加和产量估计都在单按年变化所预期的范围内，因此，由于养分富集的影响尚不清楚。我们的研究有两个主要目标。首先，记录了纽芬兰3个小湖泊中底栖大型无脊椎动物的生物量和主要分类群的产量，并将这些信息与文献中发现的其他估计相结合。据我们所知，这是第一次尝试计算纽芬兰这些栖息地的二次产量估计，尽管它们对高价值鲑鱼物种的总体产量很常见且很重要(Dempson et al. 1996)。我们的第二个目标是记录整个湖的营养富集及其对底栖生物次生生产的影响之间的关系。这一目标的工作假设是，营养丰富的生态系统中营养负荷的增加会增加初级生产力，这反过来又会增加底栖动物的生产力。底栖生物的反应可以表现为数量的增加(Clarke et al. 1997)和/或增长率的增加(更大的尺寸)，这两者都应反映在种群生产估算中。
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Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902324
A. Hershey, E. Binkley, K. Fortino, M. Keyse, C. Medvedeff, R. Northington
(2010). Use of allochthonous and autochthonous carbon sources by Chironomus in arctic lakes. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1321-1325.
(2010)。北极湖泊中栖鱼对外来和原生碳源的利用。SIL学报，1922-2010:Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1321-1325。
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Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902339
M. Berggren, H. Laudon, M. Jansson
Lakes import organic carbon in the form of dissolved humic substances and other terrigenous compounds. This allochthonous organic carbon is consumed by heterotrophic bacteria, with significant consequences for the biostructure and energy pathways of freshwater ecosystems.
{"title":"Bacterial utilization of imported organic material in three small nested humic lakes","authors":"M. Berggren, H. Laudon, M. Jansson","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902339","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes import organic carbon in the form of dissolved humic\u0000substances and other terrigenous compounds. This allochthonous\u0000organic carbon is consumed by heterotrophic bacteria,\u0000with significant consequences for the biostructure and\u0000energy pathways of freshwater ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"102 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134418416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2009.11902342
K. Ishikawa, M. Kumagai, Ross Walker, Y. Aota, T. Ura
Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan with a surfaee area of670 km, maximum depth of 104 m, anda mean depth of 41 m. lt is loeated about 34°58'-35°31 'N; 135°52'1360 17'E in the Shiga Prefeeture at the eenter o f the Japanese arehipelago. Beginning in the 1960s, the lake began to show signs of eutrophieation and oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion before winter vertieal mixing (NAKA 1973). Over the past 30 years the average air temperature of Shiga Prefeeture has inereased by about 1-1.2 oe, and Lake Biwa bottom water temperature has inereased by 1.4 oe (HAYAMI & FUJIWARA 1999); mean annual preeipitation (mainly winter snow) over the same area has deereased sinee 1980 (KUMAGAI et al. 2006). These climatie changes have likely eontributed to the weakening of winter vertieal mixing and dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion at the bottom o f the lake. Lake Biwa is the souree of drinking water for 14 million people in the Kansai area; therefore, preserving the quality of the lake water quality and its ecosystem is a serious eoncern. With the help of a highly specialized research vessel and underwater robots as well as the implementation of a routine monitoring program, an advanced monitoring system of the lake has been developed (KUMAGAI et al. 2002). Because monitoring ehanges in the deeper (80-90 m depth) areas of the lake is diffieult, an underwater robot has recently been used because it can maintain a constant distance from the lake bottom (URA 2002, FoNG & STACEY 2003). In this study, high-resolution digital images and environmental sensors of the underwater robot were used to evaluate DO depletion at the bottom of the lake and its environmental effects.
琵琶湖是日本最大的湖泊，表面积670公里，最大深度104米，平均深度41米，位于北纬34°58′-35°31′之间;东经135°52′1360°17′在日本群岛中心的滋贺县。从20世纪60年代开始，在冬季垂直混合之前，湖泊开始出现富营养化和缺氧的迹象(NAKA 1973)。近30年来滋贺县的平均气温上升了约1 ~ 1.2℃，琵湖底水温上升了1.4℃(HAYAMI & FUJIWARA 1999);自1980年以来，同一地区的年平均降水量(主要是冬季降雪)有所减少(KUMAGAI et al. 2006)。这些气候变化可能导致冬季垂直混合减弱和湖底溶解氧(DO)耗竭。琵琶湖是关西地区1400万人的饮用水源;因此，保护湖泊水质及其生态系统的质量是一个非常重要的问题。在高度专业化的研究船和水下机器人的帮助下，以及常规监测计划的实施，开发了一个先进的湖泊监测系统(KUMAGAI et al. 2002)。由于监测湖泊较深(80-90米深)区域的变化是困难的，因此最近使用了水下机器人，因为它可以与湖底保持恒定的距离(URA 2002, FoNG & STACEY 2003)。在本研究中，利用水下机器人的高分辨率数字图像和环境传感器来评估湖底DO消耗及其环境影响。
{"title":"Observation of dissolved oxygen depletion at the bottom of Lake Biwa using the autonomous underwater vehicle “Tantan”","authors":"K. Ishikawa, M. Kumagai, Ross Walker, Y. Aota, T. Ura","doi":"10.1080/03680770.2009.11902342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11902342","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan with a surfaee area of670 km, maximum depth of 104 m, anda mean depth of 41 m. lt is loeated about 34°58'-35°31 'N; 135°52'1360 17'E in the Shiga Prefeeture at the eenter o f the Japanese arehipelago. Beginning in the 1960s, the lake began to show signs of eutrophieation and oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion before winter vertieal mixing (NAKA 1973). Over the past 30 years the average air temperature of Shiga Prefeeture has inereased by about 1-1.2 oe, and Lake Biwa bottom water temperature has inereased by 1.4 oe (HAYAMI & FUJIWARA 1999); mean annual preeipitation (mainly winter snow) over the same area has deereased sinee 1980 (KUMAGAI et al. 2006). These climatie changes have likely eontributed to the weakening of winter vertieal mixing and dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion at the bottom o f the lake. Lake Biwa is the souree of drinking water for 14 million people in the Kansai area; therefore, preserving the quality of the lake water quality and its ecosystem is a serious eoncern. With the help of a highly specialized research vessel and underwater robots as well as the implementation of a routine monitoring program, an advanced monitoring system of the lake has been developed (KUMAGAI et al. 2002). Because monitoring ehanges in the deeper (80-90 m depth) areas of the lake is diffieult, an underwater robot has recently been used because it can maintain a constant distance from the lake bottom (URA 2002, FoNG & STACEY 2003). In this study, high-resolution digital images and environmental sensors of the underwater robot were used to evaluate DO depletion at the bottom of the lake and its environmental effects.","PeriodicalId":404196,"journal":{"name":"Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125311107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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