Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671051
K. Suyama
The objective of this paper is to propose a new type reliable sampled-data control system against sensor failures using decision by majority among redundant sensors. It is a practical way of solving questions of the conventional reliable control theory without loss of its advantages.
{"title":"Reliable sampled-data control systems using decision by majority","authors":"K. Suyama","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671051","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to propose a new type reliable sampled-data control system against sensor failures using decision by majority among redundant sensors. It is a practical way of solving questions of the conventional reliable control theory without loss of its advantages.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124247314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.664910
A. Weaver
This tutorial shows you how to unlock the hidden resources of the Internet and the World Wide Web. After a description of its history, we demystify the Internet's terminology and procedures by exploring electronic mail, addressing, mail lists, news groups, and the World Wide Web. We illustrate Web use in two domains, personal and professional. In the personal domain we show a number of useful, time-saving resources for: travel and leisure, investments and finance; personal shopping; medicine; real estate; museums; weather; games; and finding, retrieving, and managing information on any topic whatsoever. In the professional domain we show how to access Web resources in such areas as elementary, secondary, and university-level education; computers; legal advice; libraries; news and current events; science and engineering; telecommunications, teleconferencing, telemedicine, and telecommuting. We close with a review of the "hot topics" of 1997: privacy and security, electronic payment systems, and low-cost and high speed Internet access.
{"title":"The Internet and the World Wide Web","authors":"A. Weaver","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.664910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.664910","url":null,"abstract":"This tutorial shows you how to unlock the hidden resources of the Internet and the World Wide Web. After a description of its history, we demystify the Internet's terminology and procedures by exploring electronic mail, addressing, mail lists, news groups, and the World Wide Web. We illustrate Web use in two domains, personal and professional. In the personal domain we show a number of useful, time-saving resources for: travel and leisure, investments and finance; personal shopping; medicine; real estate; museums; weather; games; and finding, retrieving, and managing information on any topic whatsoever. In the professional domain we show how to access Web resources in such areas as elementary, secondary, and university-level education; computers; legal advice; libraries; news and current events; science and engineering; telecommunications, teleconferencing, telemedicine, and telecommuting. We close with a review of the \"hot topics\" of 1997: privacy and security, electronic payment systems, and low-cost and high speed Internet access.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125791598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671806
Jian Sun, R. Bass
Conventional averaged models of switching power converters are useful for control loop design, but are inadequate for the main circuit design because of their inability to predict waveform details. A systematic method for recovering ripple components from the averaged model is presented in this paper. The method has been implemented in a symbolic analysis program package which allows automatic ripple analysis in conjunction with averaged modeling. Applications of the method and the package are demonstrated using a PWM DC/DC power converter and a line-frequency AC/DC power converter.
{"title":"Automated ripple analysis using KBM method [switching power convertor harmonics]","authors":"Jian Sun, R. Bass","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671806","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional averaged models of switching power converters are useful for control loop design, but are inadequate for the main circuit design because of their inability to predict waveform details. A systematic method for recovering ripple components from the averaged model is presented in this paper. The method has been implemented in a symbolic analysis program package which allows automatic ripple analysis in conjunction with averaged modeling. Applications of the method and the package are demonstrated using a PWM DC/DC power converter and a line-frequency AC/DC power converter.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124578708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671919
L. Egiziano, N. Femia, G. Spagnuolo
The computer program PEGS (power electronic circuits simulator) presented in this paper is oriented to the transient time-domain analysis of the power stage of switching converters. PECS performs the analysis of switched RLC networks of any complexity, ensuring reliability, rapidity and flexibility. PECS is circuit-independent and does not require prior knowledge about the mode of operation of the circuit. PECS adopts innovative methods to solve the major problems connected to the time-domain simulation of switching converters: the formulation of circuit equations; the calculation of switching instants; and the determination of switches' configuration after forced commutations. PECS is best suited for quick preliminary circuit analysis during converters design. A survey of PECS characteristics is followed in the paper by several examples of switching converters simulation.
{"title":"PECS: a power electronic circuits-oriented simulator","authors":"L. Egiziano, N. Femia, G. Spagnuolo","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671919","url":null,"abstract":"The computer program PEGS (power electronic circuits simulator) presented in this paper is oriented to the transient time-domain analysis of the power stage of switching converters. PECS performs the analysis of switched RLC networks of any complexity, ensuring reliability, rapidity and flexibility. PECS is circuit-independent and does not require prior knowledge about the mode of operation of the circuit. PECS adopts innovative methods to solve the major problems connected to the time-domain simulation of switching converters: the formulation of circuit equations; the calculation of switching instants; and the determination of switches' configuration after forced commutations. PECS is best suited for quick preliminary circuit analysis during converters design. A survey of PECS characteristics is followed in the paper by several examples of switching converters simulation.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131142696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671996
G. Scheible, H. Solmecke, D. Hackstein
In optimized photovoltaic-supplied hydrogen production systems, quite different levels of DC-voltages have to be linked via DC-DC power converters. For coupling of photovoltaics and electrolysis, a new step down DC-DC power converter has been developed, which uses an IGBT and an autotransformer together with a high frequency, zero-voltage switching concept to reduce losses. The concept allows conventional PWM control, high utilization of components and low components count. Through the soft switching concept, which uses the autotransformers leakage inductance, electromagnetic interferences are low. The circulating reactive energy is low, as well as the rating of the auxiliary switch. For fuel cell operation, a new step-up power converter has been developed, which also uses an autotransformer but operates (due to the low input voltage) with a MOSFET and a regenerative voltage clamp. This power converter is now operating in the solar hydrogen plant in the Research Center Julich (Germany). Circuit analysis and measurement results of both power converters are presented. Efficiencies reach very high values of more than 94%.
{"title":"Low cost soft switching DC-DC converter with autotransformer for photovoltaic hydrogen systems","authors":"G. Scheible, H. Solmecke, D. Hackstein","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671996","url":null,"abstract":"In optimized photovoltaic-supplied hydrogen production systems, quite different levels of DC-voltages have to be linked via DC-DC power converters. For coupling of photovoltaics and electrolysis, a new step down DC-DC power converter has been developed, which uses an IGBT and an autotransformer together with a high frequency, zero-voltage switching concept to reduce losses. The concept allows conventional PWM control, high utilization of components and low components count. Through the soft switching concept, which uses the autotransformers leakage inductance, electromagnetic interferences are low. The circulating reactive energy is low, as well as the rating of the auxiliary switch. For fuel cell operation, a new step-up power converter has been developed, which also uses an autotransformer but operates (due to the low input voltage) with a MOSFET and a regenerative voltage clamp. This power converter is now operating in the solar hydrogen plant in the Research Center Julich (Germany). Circuit analysis and measurement results of both power converters are presented. Efficiencies reach very high values of more than 94%.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130059167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668513
K. Nishibori, S. Kondo, H. Obata, S. Okuma
A Langevin-type ultrasonic vibrator works as an ultrasonic motor when it is pressed slant wise against the surface of an object. This paper describes a robot hand with three fingers that each works as an ultrasonic motor. This robot hand can simultaneously grasp a cylindrical body and rotate the body about its axis. The authors propose a PWM (pulse width modulation) method for controlling the speed of ultrasonic motors by changing the duty ratio of the voltage applied to the motors. The vibration of the ultrasonic motor and the driving characteristics of a robot hand were examined experimentally. It was confirmed that the vibration speed of the tip of the ultrasonic motor wets approximately proportional to the duty ratio of the applied voltage. The velocity of the motor increases with an increase in duty ratio, except for the offset region. The torque characteristic curves approach the point of origin, moving parallel as the duty ratio decreases.
{"title":"PWM driving characteristics of robot hand with fingers using vibration-type ultrasonic motors","authors":"K. Nishibori, S. Kondo, H. Obata, S. Okuma","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668513","url":null,"abstract":"A Langevin-type ultrasonic vibrator works as an ultrasonic motor when it is pressed slant wise against the surface of an object. This paper describes a robot hand with three fingers that each works as an ultrasonic motor. This robot hand can simultaneously grasp a cylindrical body and rotate the body about its axis. The authors propose a PWM (pulse width modulation) method for controlling the speed of ultrasonic motors by changing the duty ratio of the voltage applied to the motors. The vibration of the ultrasonic motor and the driving characteristics of a robot hand were examined experimentally. It was confirmed that the vibration speed of the tip of the ultrasonic motor wets approximately proportional to the duty ratio of the applied voltage. The velocity of the motor increases with an increase in duty ratio, except for the offset region. The torque characteristic curves approach the point of origin, moving parallel as the duty ratio decreases.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128844127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671826
F. Flinders, W. Oghanna
This paper describes the development of a simulation model for an actual PWM power converter system being used in trains recently introduced to the suburban rail transport system in Brisbane, Australia. The simulation model was developed as a teaching aid in modern traction drive technology for railway technical staff. The model is constructed using the SIMULINK graphical simulation platform. To enable modelling of the electric circuit, the dynamic node technique is employed. The simulation may run on any PC and is interactive, making it an excellent educational tool.
{"title":"Simulation of a complex traction PWM rectifier using SIMULINK and the dynamic node technique","authors":"F. Flinders, W. Oghanna","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671826","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of a simulation model for an actual PWM power converter system being used in trains recently introduced to the suburban rail transport system in Brisbane, Australia. The simulation model was developed as a teaching aid in modern traction drive technology for railway technical staff. The model is constructed using the SIMULINK graphical simulation platform. To enable modelling of the electric circuit, the dynamic node technique is employed. The simulation may run on any PC and is interactive, making it an excellent educational tool.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116024040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671822
J.E. Baggie, J. R. Pinheiro
This paper presents the analysis and design of a new low loss auxiliary circuit for three level PWM single-phase inverters which achieve soft-switching at all semiconductor devices. The active auxiliary commutation circuit is composed of a LC circuit and two bi-directional switches which operate at ZCS and ZVS. The proposed active auxiliary commutation circuit (AACC) dispenses the use of auxiliary voltage sources. Low reactive energy is added to the converter resulting in low RMS current stresses at main switches and consequently higher efficiency is achieved. The design and experimental results are presented to prove the operation principle. A full description of the circuit operation is given.
{"title":"A simple active auxiliary commutation circuit for three-level inverters","authors":"J.E. Baggie, J. R. Pinheiro","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671822","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis and design of a new low loss auxiliary circuit for three level PWM single-phase inverters which achieve soft-switching at all semiconductor devices. The active auxiliary commutation circuit is composed of a LC circuit and two bi-directional switches which operate at ZCS and ZVS. The proposed active auxiliary commutation circuit (AACC) dispenses the use of auxiliary voltage sources. Low reactive energy is added to the converter resulting in low RMS current stresses at main switches and consequently higher efficiency is achieved. The design and experimental results are presented to prove the operation principle. A full description of the circuit operation is given.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116163543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671802
K. Chau, C. Chan, J. Yao
Being a fourth-order circuit, the Cuk converter needs systematic studies of its nonlinear dynamics. In this paper, the investigation of the nonlinear dynamics of Cuk converters is carried out by deriving their nonlinear models and performing their spectral analyses. Nonlinear dynamics, including the additional DC offset, significant subharmonic and higher harmonic spectral contamination as well as the effects of self-intermodulation and cross-intermodulation, due to large-signal perturbations of both the duty ratio and source voltage, are investigated.
{"title":"Nonlinear modeling and spectral analysis of Cuk converters","authors":"K. Chau, C. Chan, J. Yao","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671802","url":null,"abstract":"Being a fourth-order circuit, the Cuk converter needs systematic studies of its nonlinear dynamics. In this paper, the investigation of the nonlinear dynamics of Cuk converters is carried out by deriving their nonlinear models and performing their spectral analyses. Nonlinear dynamics, including the additional DC offset, significant subharmonic and higher harmonic spectral contamination as well as the effects of self-intermodulation and cross-intermodulation, due to large-signal perturbations of both the duty ratio and source voltage, are investigated.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"406 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121005871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671048
Yu Qin, S. Du
Hysteresis current control is one of the simplest and most popular techniques used to achieve unity power factor for an on-line uninterruptible power supply (UPS). However the conventional fixed band hysteresis control has a variable switching frequency which causes serious EMI problems and dead zones in the zero crossings of input current waveforms as well as high stress on power devices. In this paper, the adaptive hysteresis band current control strategy is proposed, where the hysteresis band is controlled in real time as variations of input current, input voltage and output voltage to keep the switching frequency constant at any operation conditions. This novel current control method with a digital signal processor (DSP) implementation is proposed in current control loop of power factor corrected converter (PFC) used in an on-line UPS. The proposed current control technique is verified by simulations and experiments.
{"title":"A novel adaptive hysteresis band current control using a DSP for a power factor corrected on-line UPS","authors":"Yu Qin, S. Du","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671048","url":null,"abstract":"Hysteresis current control is one of the simplest and most popular techniques used to achieve unity power factor for an on-line uninterruptible power supply (UPS). However the conventional fixed band hysteresis control has a variable switching frequency which causes serious EMI problems and dead zones in the zero crossings of input current waveforms as well as high stress on power devices. In this paper, the adaptive hysteresis band current control strategy is proposed, where the hysteresis band is controlled in real time as variations of input current, input voltage and output voltage to keep the switching frequency constant at any operation conditions. This novel current control method with a digital signal processor (DSP) implementation is proposed in current control loop of power factor corrected converter (PFC) used in an on-line UPS. The proposed current control technique is verified by simulations and experiments.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127061001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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