Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668477
M. Ito, S. Tsujimichi, Y. Kosuge
This paper address the problem of sensor-to sensor target association in a distributed passive sensor network. If two or more targets are coplanar with two sensors, ghosts occur among the intersections of line-of-sights. To cancel these ghosts, the authors propose a new association method in which they track angles and angular rates of targets being viewed by each sensor and use not only angle but also angular rate information in the association process. The performance of the proposed method is investigated through Monte Carlo simulation.
{"title":"Sensor-to-sensor target association in a network of passive sensors","authors":"M. Ito, S. Tsujimichi, Y. Kosuge","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668477","url":null,"abstract":"This paper address the problem of sensor-to sensor target association in a distributed passive sensor network. If two or more targets are coplanar with two sensors, ghosts occur among the intersections of line-of-sights. To cancel these ghosts, the authors propose a new association method in which they track angles and angular rates of targets being viewed by each sensor and use not only angle but also angular rate information in the association process. The performance of the proposed method is investigated through Monte Carlo simulation.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126765366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671033
J. Zhao, M. Kamper, F. van der Merwe
In this paper a simple on-line control method is proposed to reduce torque ripple and resonance mechanical vibration due to amongst others the slot harmonic torques of the reluctance synchronous machine. Different transfer functions of the control system are derived. Hence, by keeping a certain relation between the parameters of the control system, the torque ripple is reduced without affecting the transient speed response of the drive. Digital signal processing technology was adapted for the control system. The proposed control method is verified by simulation and experimental work on an actual reluctance synchronous machine drive.
{"title":"On-line control method to reduce mechanical vibration and torque ripple in reluctance synchronous machine drives","authors":"J. Zhao, M. Kamper, F. van der Merwe","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671033","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a simple on-line control method is proposed to reduce torque ripple and resonance mechanical vibration due to amongst others the slot harmonic torques of the reluctance synchronous machine. Different transfer functions of the control system are derived. Hence, by keeping a certain relation between the parameters of the control system, the torque ripple is reduced without affecting the transient speed response of the drive. Digital signal processing technology was adapted for the control system. The proposed control method is verified by simulation and experimental work on an actual reluctance synchronous machine drive.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"175 S408","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132906286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671069
S. Beineke, F. Schutte, H. Grotstollen
For high performance speed and position control of electrical drives, fast online identification is needed for time-varying inertia or load conditions in combination with adaptive controllers. In this paper extended Kalman filters are applied and optimized for deterministic parameter variations by integrating basis function networks into the common structure of the Kalman filter. It is shown that learning of nonlinear load or parameter characteristics becomes feasible by this measure and the performance of the extended Kalman filter can be improved.
{"title":"Online identification of nonlinear mechanics using extended Kalman filters with basis function networks","authors":"S. Beineke, F. Schutte, H. Grotstollen","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671069","url":null,"abstract":"For high performance speed and position control of electrical drives, fast online identification is needed for time-varying inertia or load conditions in combination with adaptive controllers. In this paper extended Kalman filters are applied and optimized for deterministic parameter variations by integrating basis function networks into the common structure of the Kalman filter. It is shown that learning of nonlinear load or parameter characteristics becomes feasible by this measure and the performance of the extended Kalman filter can be improved.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133763545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668431
S. Halpin, R. Nelms, J. Schatz
A summary of issues impacting the application of double-layer capacitors in various military and commercial industry situations is given in this paper. The focus is on the performance parameters of the capacitors, which are the equivalent capacitance, the series resistance, and the parallel resistance, and how these parameters impact specific applications. Some discussion of the need to form banks of capacitors is also given for the different applications. The use of power conversion systems to satisfy load constraints (e.g. constant voltage) is provided due to the common need for this equipment in many of the applications.
{"title":"Characterization of double-layer capacitor application issues for commercial and military applications","authors":"S. Halpin, R. Nelms, J. Schatz","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668431","url":null,"abstract":"A summary of issues impacting the application of double-layer capacitors in various military and commercial industry situations is given in this paper. The focus is on the performance parameters of the capacitors, which are the equivalent capacitance, the series resistance, and the parallel resistance, and how these parameters impact specific applications. Some discussion of the need to form banks of capacitors is also given for the different applications. The use of power conversion systems to satisfy load constraints (e.g. constant voltage) is provided due to the common need for this equipment in many of the applications.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"8 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116799665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.672076
Dong-Ki Min, Sung-Chan Ahn, D. Hyun
A control scheme of a three-phase voltage-source PWM power converter available for the condition of different input voltages is proposed in this paper. From the steady-state model of the power converter, the effect caused by the input voltage on the control of the input current is analyzed from the point of the linear controllability of the input current. Sufficient voltage level of the DC link to control the input current linearly is then analytically determined. The effect of the different input voltage on the DC link voltage control with a fixed-gain controller is analyzed and a simple but effective online gain tuning algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal regulation of the link voltage. In conclusion, the validity of the proposed control scheme is proved by the experimental results.
{"title":"Control of a PWM converter in different input voltage conditions","authors":"Dong-Ki Min, Sung-Chan Ahn, D. Hyun","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.672076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.672076","url":null,"abstract":"A control scheme of a three-phase voltage-source PWM power converter available for the condition of different input voltages is proposed in this paper. From the steady-state model of the power converter, the effect caused by the input voltage on the control of the input current is analyzed from the point of the linear controllability of the input current. Sufficient voltage level of the DC link to control the input current linearly is then analytically determined. The effect of the different input voltage on the DC link voltage control with a fixed-gain controller is analyzed and a simple but effective online gain tuning algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal regulation of the link voltage. In conclusion, the validity of the proposed control scheme is proved by the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117002217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.664908
G. Buja, D. Casadei, G. Serra
Direct torque control (DTC) is an emerging technique for controlling the PWM inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drives. It allows the precise and quick control of the IM flux and torque without calling for complex control algorithms. In principle, moreover, DTC requires only the knowledge of the stator resistance. The tutorial starts by reviewing the basic operation of an IM and of a PWM inverter using the space vector theory. The field-oriented (FO) control is also reviewed. Then the concept of DTC is illustrated and three DTC-based strategies (i.e. switching table (ST), direct self control (DSC), space vector modulation (SVM)) are described. The ST strategy is dealt with in depth, illustrating by means of experimental data the flux and torque responses generated with different choices of the switching table and the influence of the amplitude of the hysteresis bands of the flux and torque controllers on the drive performance. Furthermore, an improved stator flux estimator is presented which allows the system under to be kept under control even at standstill. Finally the sensitivity of the control system to parameter variations is presented.
{"title":"DTC-based strategies for induction motor drives","authors":"G. Buja, D. Casadei, G. Serra","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.664908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.664908","url":null,"abstract":"Direct torque control (DTC) is an emerging technique for controlling the PWM inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drives. It allows the precise and quick control of the IM flux and torque without calling for complex control algorithms. In principle, moreover, DTC requires only the knowledge of the stator resistance. The tutorial starts by reviewing the basic operation of an IM and of a PWM inverter using the space vector theory. The field-oriented (FO) control is also reviewed. Then the concept of DTC is illustrated and three DTC-based strategies (i.e. switching table (ST), direct self control (DSC), space vector modulation (SVM)) are described. The ST strategy is dealt with in depth, illustrating by means of experimental data the flux and torque responses generated with different choices of the switching table and the influence of the amplitude of the hysteresis bands of the flux and torque controllers on the drive performance. Furthermore, an improved stator flux estimator is presented which allows the system under to be kept under control even at standstill. Finally the sensitivity of the control system to parameter variations is presented.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117227182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.671797
Carlo Cecati, N. Rotondale
The energy-based approach, also known as "passivity based", is becoming a popular nonlinear control method allowing precise and stable control of the induction motor and more in general of AC motors. Its main features are: simple formulation; the actual possibility of the use of inexpensive microprocessors for its implementation; its global stability in the whole operating range including zero speed region; satisfactory tracking capabilities of position, speed, torque and flux; and high robustness in case of parameter variations. This paper, after a short theoretical background presents and discusses several experimental results.
{"title":"High performance AC drives using passivity based controllers","authors":"Carlo Cecati, N. Rotondale","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.671797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.671797","url":null,"abstract":"The energy-based approach, also known as \"passivity based\", is becoming a popular nonlinear control method allowing precise and stable control of the induction motor and more in general of AC motors. Its main features are: simple formulation; the actual possibility of the use of inexpensive microprocessors for its implementation; its global stability in the whole operating range including zero speed region; satisfactory tracking capabilities of position, speed, torque and flux; and high robustness in case of parameter variations. This paper, after a short theoretical background presents and discusses several experimental results.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131226128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668434
R. Spyker, R. Nelms
As an emerging technology in the area of energy storage, the double layer capacitor is a promising device for certain niche applications. The double layer capacitor is a low voltage device exhibiting an extremely high capacitance value in comparison with other capacitor technologies of a similar physical size. Capacitors with values in excess of 1500 F are now available. The maximum voltage allowable on these devices is 3 V, limited by the dissociation of the organic electrolyte. This high capacitance derives from the high surface of activated carbon electrodes, and the high capacitance per unit area observed at the chemical double layer. This paper serves as a summarization of experiments and the characterization of currently available double layer capacitor technologies. Capacitors from 10 F to 1500 F were examined, both aqueous and organic electrolyte technologies were utilized, and a range of commercially available devices were selected for study.
{"title":"Evaluation of double layer capacitor technologies for high power and high energy storage applications","authors":"R. Spyker, R. Nelms","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668434","url":null,"abstract":"As an emerging technology in the area of energy storage, the double layer capacitor is a promising device for certain niche applications. The double layer capacitor is a low voltage device exhibiting an extremely high capacitance value in comparison with other capacitor technologies of a similar physical size. Capacitors with values in excess of 1500 F are now available. The maximum voltage allowable on these devices is 3 V, limited by the dissociation of the organic electrolyte. This high capacitance derives from the high surface of activated carbon electrodes, and the high capacitance per unit area observed at the chemical double layer. This paper serves as a summarization of experiments and the characterization of currently available double layer capacitor technologies. Capacitors from 10 F to 1500 F were examined, both aqueous and organic electrolyte technologies were utilized, and a range of commercially available devices were selected for study.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128369177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668470
P. Marino, M. Domínguez
The authors have been involved in the implementation of a total quality control project in communications equipment company, whose products are mounted and tested in a manufacturing plant controlled by an IBM Token Ring LAN. The most significant products are RF and microwave amplifier boards for satellite TV receivers, with electronic components based on SMT technology. The first implementation of total quality control project was an ATE (automatic test equipment) LAN node that runs a program of verification for single-channel and multichannel electronic amplifiers, in which bandwidth is in the TV spectrum (50+850 MHz). This ATE LAN node is supported in its performance for an RF analyzer connected to it through an IEEE 388 bus. The last implementation is an automated inspection LAN node to detect the missing of SMT and non SMT components mounted in the electronic cards of above mentioned amplifiers. This LAN node for automated inspection is based on artificial vision and will be called MVI (Machine-Vision Inspection).
{"title":"On-line automated inspection based on image digitization boards","authors":"P. Marino, M. Domínguez","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668470","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have been involved in the implementation of a total quality control project in communications equipment company, whose products are mounted and tested in a manufacturing plant controlled by an IBM Token Ring LAN. The most significant products are RF and microwave amplifier boards for satellite TV receivers, with electronic components based on SMT technology. The first implementation of total quality control project was an ATE (automatic test equipment) LAN node that runs a program of verification for single-channel and multichannel electronic amplifiers, in which bandwidth is in the TV spectrum (50+850 MHz). This ATE LAN node is supported in its performance for an RF analyzer connected to it through an IEEE 388 bus. The last implementation is an automated inspection LAN node to detect the missing of SMT and non SMT components mounted in the electronic cards of above mentioned amplifiers. This LAN node for automated inspection is based on artificial vision and will be called MVI (Machine-Vision Inspection).","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134180658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-11-09DOI: 10.1109/IECON.1997.668494
P. Drews, P. Fromm
For the operation of mobile robots, the design of the man-machine interface has a major impact on the acceptance by the user. This is especially valid when dealing with users of minor or no training, which can be found in almost any application area, ranging from transport or construction tasks to assistive technology for elderly and disabled. The following essay introduces a natural language processing software which transforms a natural language sentence into a series of commands for a mobile service robot. Both the language processor and the command set of the controller may be modified by the user to adapt it to different application areas. The language processor is based on a modified finite state transducer network. The grammar/word pattern extracted by the network is processed by a transformation module which converts the contained information into the controller command. A context memory and a question generator allow the processing of incomplete instructions and command modifications. A prototype application is presented which allows severely disabled persons bound to a wheelchair to control the chair and their home environment by natural language.
{"title":"A natural language processing approach for mobile service robot control","authors":"P. Drews, P. Fromm","doi":"10.1109/IECON.1997.668494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.1997.668494","url":null,"abstract":"For the operation of mobile robots, the design of the man-machine interface has a major impact on the acceptance by the user. This is especially valid when dealing with users of minor or no training, which can be found in almost any application area, ranging from transport or construction tasks to assistive technology for elderly and disabled. The following essay introduces a natural language processing software which transforms a natural language sentence into a series of commands for a mobile service robot. Both the language processor and the command set of the controller may be modified by the user to adapt it to different application areas. The language processor is based on a modified finite state transducer network. The grammar/word pattern extracted by the network is processed by a transformation module which converts the contained information into the controller command. A context memory and a question generator allow the processing of incomplete instructions and command modifications. A prototype application is presented which allows severely disabled persons bound to a wheelchair to control the chair and their home environment by natural language.","PeriodicalId":404447,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134295539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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