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Lecturers’ Attitudes towards Online Teaching in the Learning Process 讲师在学习过程中对网络教学的态度
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v13i1.77-98
Harisa Mardiana
The author's interest is to investigate the lecturers' attitudes towards online teaching in the learning process which is the teaching for the 21st-century learning process and to seek the relationship among lecturers’ attitudes, online teaching and learning process. The problem is many lecturers in Tangerang City area are afraid of using technology and some of them are stuttered and technology illiterate. The lecturers still prefer face to face learning in the class more campuses have provided Moodle as a platform of learning. With the circumstances of Coronavirus, the learning has moved to e-learning. In this research, the author used a mixed-method and the number of respondents was 104, data collection was obtained from questionnaires sent via Google Form and distributed through WhatsApp to the lecturers in Tangerang City area. Data is translated into frequency and regression linear. The result showed that 73 lecturers change them toward e-learning and remain 27 lectures had difficulty in teaching online and preferred traditional learning. Keywords: Lecturers' attitudes, online teaching, and learning process
作者的兴趣是调查讲师在21世纪的学习过程中对在线教学的态度,并寻求讲师的态度、在线教学和学习过程之间的关系。问题是唐格朗市地区的许多讲师害怕使用技术,其中一些人结结巴巴,不懂技术。讲师们仍然更喜欢在课堂上面对面学习——更多的校园已经将Moodle作为一个学习平台。随着冠状病毒的出现,学习已经转向了电子学习。在这项研究中,作者使用了一种混合方法,受访者人数为104人,数据收集来自通过谷歌表格发送的问卷,并通过WhatsApp分发给唐格朗市地区的讲师。数据被转换为频率和回归线性。结果显示,73名讲师转向电子学习,仍有27名讲师难以在线教学,更喜欢传统学习。关键词:讲师态度、在线教学、学习过程
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引用次数: 19
EFL Classes Must Go Online! Teaching Activities and Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia EFL课程必须上线!新冠肺炎疫情期间印度尼西亚的教学活动与挑战
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v13i1.49-76
Arief Eko Priyo Atmojo, Arif Nugroho
In view of the COVID-19 pandemic and government policy to carry out online learning, the present research is aimed at investigating how EFL teachers carry out online EFL learning and its challenges. 16 EFL teachers volunteered to participate in this research through invitation. The EFL teachers were requested to make written reflections regarding their practices in carrying out online EFL learning and the challenges they encounter. Five of them were involved in a follow-up interview individually. Semi-structured interview was administered. Data coding was done and appropriate extracts were informed in results section. To validate the data, data coding was done independently by both researchers, continued by several cycles of discussion. As results, the EFL teachers have carried out online learning through a series of activities ranging from checking the students’ attendance to giving score on the students’ works synchronously or asynchronously depending on each school policy. Various applications and platforms ranging from learning management system to additional resource are employed. However, many problems emerge from the students, the teachers, and the students’ parents along with the valid reasons. Therefore, the online learning does not run well since it lacks of preparation and planning. Implications for better online learning are discussed. Future prospective researches are directed and encouraged. Keywords: COVID-19, EFL teachers, online EFL learning, technology enhanced language learning, technology in language learning.
鉴于新冠肺炎疫情和政府开展在线学习的政策,本研究旨在调查EFL教师如何开展在线EFL学习及其面临的挑战。本研究邀请了16名英语教师参与。要求EFL教师就他们在进行在线EFL学习时的实践以及他们遇到的挑战进行书面反思。其中5人分别参与了后续访谈。进行了半结构化访谈。完成了数据编码,并在结果部分告知了适当的摘录。为了验证数据,两位研究人员独立进行了数据编码,并进行了几个周期的讨论。因此,EFL教师通过一系列活动进行了在线学习,从检查学生的出勤率到根据每一项学校政策同步或异步地对学生的作品打分。采用了从学习管理系统到附加资源的各种应用程序和平台。然而,学生、教师和学生家长都出现了许多问题,并提出了一些合理的理由。因此,由于缺乏准备和计划,在线学习并不顺利。讨论了更好的在线学习的意义。指导和鼓励未来的前瞻性研究。关键词:新冠肺炎,EFL教师,在线EFL学习,技术增强的语言学习,语言学习中的技术。
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引用次数: 381
Themes in South-East Asian Newspaper Headlines on Rohingya Issue: Critical Discourse Analysis 东南亚报纸头条关于罗兴亚问题的主题:批判性话语分析
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.181-205
Arina Isti'anah
ABSTRACT Language is regarded as a tool to present the ideologies of its users, including how media portray particular issue in their headlines. Rohingya has gained much attention by media, including South-East Asian newspapers. The massive clearing done by Myanmar government triggers the attention of media. Headlines are regarded as the important element of news since their jobs are to attract the readers and frame the ideologies of the readers as well as the media themselves. This paper attempts at discussing how South-East Asian media present Rohingya in their headlines. Five newspapers were involved: The Jakarta Post from Indonesia, Malaysia Kini from Malaysia, Mmtimes from Myanmar, The Nation from Thailand, and Daily Star from Bangladesh, taken during 2017. The analysis was focused on the choice of Theme in the headlines as it is the departing message of the headlines. The approach conducted was Critical Discourse Analysis utilizing the textual function of language offered by Halliday. The analysis revealed that South-East Asian media had similarities and differences in portraying Rohingya issue. The similarities were seen from the reflected ideologies, responsibility and blame, and the types of employed Themes. The difference was found in the way each media portrayed the ideologies. However, all media agreed to show their responsibility to end and solve Rohingya crisis to achieve peace and harmony amongst South-East countries. Keywords: headlines, critical discourse analysis, Rohingya
语言被视为呈现使用者意识形态的工具,包括媒体如何在标题中描述特定问题。罗兴亚人得到了包括东南亚报纸在内的媒体的广泛关注。缅甸政府进行的大规模清理引发了媒体的关注。标题被认为是新闻的重要组成部分,因为它的作用是吸引读者,塑造读者和媒体自身的意识形态。本文试图讨论东南亚媒体如何在头条新闻中呈现罗兴亚人。涉及五家报纸:印度尼西亚的《雅加达邮报》、马来西亚的《马来西亚基尼报》、缅甸的《Mmtimes》、泰国的《民族报》和孟加拉国的《每日星报》,拍摄于2017年。分析的重点是标题主题的选择,因为它是标题的离去信息。运用韩礼德提出的语言语篇功能进行批判性语篇分析。分析显示,东南亚媒体在描绘罗兴亚问题上既有相似之处,也有差异。从所反映的意识形态、责任与指责以及所使用的主题类型等方面可以看出两者的相似之处。不同的媒体描述意识形态的方式不同。然而,所有媒体都同意表现出自己的责任,结束和解决罗兴亚危机,实现东南亚国家之间的和平与和谐。关键词:标题,批评话语分析,罗兴亚人
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引用次数: 1
A Child Language Acquisition in Indonesian and English Language: A Longitudinal case study 印尼语和英语儿童语言习得的纵向个案研究
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.126-156
Somariah Fitriani
Learning a dual language at the same time during early childhood has caused the wrong perception. Its false perception makes the parents delay the start of learning a second /foreign language. Therefore, This study aims at analyzing the first and second language acquisition of a child in the Indonesian Language and English. The issues concentrated on the spoken utterances in Indonesian and English and its affecting factors. The research adopted a qualitative approach by using a case study, as the unit analysis is a child of 3 years old. For data collection, I employed The naturalistic approach, which I kept daily notes on the progress of a child’s linguistic and recorded the dialogues. Since it is a longitudinal study, the research was conducted for two years, from 2014 to 2015. The research has revealed that utterances spoken have primarily increased and the child has already understood the commands by following the instructions. Some concepts such as feeling, taste, color, and numbers as well as short phrases and simple words in Indonesian and English at the same time can be understood and uttered.  She also can change the affirmative sentence to question in term of objects she sees in her surrounding. Factors such as linguistic inputs, imitation, environment, and significant others as exposure, and language acquisition device affect a child utterance. Thus, it indicates that two languages can be taught at the same time at an early age, and it doesn’t cause misunderstanding or confusion utterance, language acquisition, exposure, L1 and L2
在儿童早期同时学习双语会造成错误的认知。它的错误认知使父母推迟了学习第二语言/外语的开始。因此,本研究旨在分析儿童在印尼语和英语中的第一语言和第二语言习得情况。问题集中在印尼语和英语口语及其影响因素上。这项研究采用了定性的方法,使用了一个案例研究,因为单元分析是一个3岁的孩子。为了收集数据,我采用了自然主义的方法,每天记录孩子的语言进步,并记录对话。由于这是一项纵向研究,该研究从2014年到2015年进行了两年。研究表明,说话的次数主要增加了,孩子已经按照指示理解了命令。印尼语和英语中的一些概念,如感觉、味道、颜色和数字,以及短语和简单单词,都可以同时理解和说出。她还可以根据她在周围看到的物体将肯定句改为疑问句。语言输入、模仿、环境、重要他人(如暴露)和语言习得手段等因素会影响儿童的话语。因此,它表明两种语言可以在很小的时候同时教授,并且不会引起误解或混淆——话语、语言习得、暴露、L1和L2
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引用次数: 7
An investigation into the classroom talk of Iranian EFL novice vs. experienced teachers 伊朗英语初学者与资深教师课堂谈话的调查
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.100-125
A. Ghajarieh, Nastaran Jalali, M. Mozaheb
This study investigates the classroom talk of Iranian EFL novice versus experienced teachers with emphasis on the quality of communicative features through a linguistic lens provided by the SETT (Self-Evaluation of Teacher Talk) framework and TTFS (Teacher Talk Functional Scale) checklist. In so doing, 10 intermediate-level classrooms running by five novice and five experienced teachers were observed, each case twice. Eight distinctive communicative features of TT emerged upon the initial analysis of database obtained from the audio-recordings of 20 class sessions, totaling 30 hours of naturally generated input. Subsequently, the audio-recorded materials were carefully transcribed and analyzed in correspondence with the observation data in an attempt to compare how novice and experienced teachers present their talk. The results indicated both novice and experienced teachers enact communicative aspects of classroom talk; however, the quality of presentation in the case of the experienced group was far better. This in turn highlights the importance of raising awareness regarding TT features in teacher training courses. New communicative aspects of teacher talk highlighted in this study, including the use of L1 and language gradation, would help define new research paths exploring the classroom discourse. Further research inspired by this study needs to explore other aspects of teacher-student interaction s in various educational settings. Keywords: classroom talk, teacher talk, discourse, novice teachers, teacher education
本研究通过SETT(教师话语自我评估)框架和TTFS(教师话语功能量表)检查表提供的语言学视角,调查了伊朗英语初学者和有经验教师的课堂话语,重点是交际特征的质量。在这样做的过程中,观察了由五名新手和五名经验丰富的教师运营的10间中级教室,每种情况下两次。从20节课的录音中获得的数据库进行初步分析,得出TT的八个独特的交流特征,总共30个小时的自然生成输入。随后,根据观察数据仔细转录和分析录音材料,试图比较新手和经验丰富的教师如何陈述他们的演讲。研究结果表明,新手和有经验的教师都在课堂谈话中体现了交际方面;然而,有经验的组的表现质量要好得多。这反过来又突出了在教师培训课程中提高对TT特征的认识的重要性。本研究强调的教师话语的新交际方面,包括L1的使用和语言分级,将有助于确定探索课堂话语的新研究路径。受本研究启发,进一步的研究需要探索各种教育环境中师生互动的其他方面。关键词:课堂谈话、教师谈话、话语、新手教师、教师教育
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引用次数: 5
The Global local planes of English needs in Indonesian contexts 印尼语境中英语需求的全球局部层面
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.262-293
C. Manara
ABSTRACT This article reports one part of a larger study, exploring the global and local English needs in nine secondary level schools in several Indonesian contexts (i.e. Sumatera, Sulawesi, and East Nusa Tenggara). The study investigates: 1) teachers and students perceived understanding of the existence of English in their local contexts; 2) opinions of their current local and global needs of English in today’s globalized era; and 3) their opinion on the teaching and learning of English. Data were collected from questionnaires and interviews. The results show that students in different contexts have slightly different views and perceptions of English use and how it needs to be learned and taught for their current and future needs of English. Although slightly different in their perceptions of needs, there seems to be a coordinated understanding of English needs between the students and teachers. The findings also indicate that there is a growing awareness of the need to teach the communicative aspects of English in relation to students’ activities online. Therefore, the teaching of English needs to be conducted by providing more English exposure, integrating blended learning, adopting English for Specific Purposes approach, and teaching pragmatics knowledge and intercultural skills.
摘要本文报道了一项更大规模研究的一部分,该研究探讨了印尼几个地区(即苏门答腊岛、苏拉威西岛和东努沙登加拉岛)九所中学的全球和当地英语需求。本研究调查了:1)教师和学生在当地语境中对英语存在的感知理解;2) 在当今全球化时代,他们对当地和全球英语需求的看法;(3)他们对英语教学的看法。数据是通过问卷调查和访谈收集的。研究结果表明,不同背景下的学生对英语使用以及如何学习和教授英语以满足他们当前和未来的英语需求有着略微不同的看法和看法。尽管他们对需求的看法略有不同,但学生和老师对英语需求的理解似乎是协调一致的。研究结果还表明,人们越来越意识到有必要在学生的网络活动中教授英语的交际方面。因此,英语教学需要通过提供更多的英语接触,整合混合学习,采用特定目的英语方法,教授语用学知识和跨文化技能来进行。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Scientific-Based Approach in ELT Class to Improve Students’ Achievement and Classroom Interaction 在英语教学中运用科学教学法提高学生学习成绩和课堂互动
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.157-180
Haerazi Haerazi, Rully May Vikasari, Zukhairatunniswah Prayati
ABSTRACT This study investigated the use of the scientific-based approach in the ELT class to solve students' learning problems. Those problems are students' difficulties to complete their learning tasks, lack of vocabularies to complete reading tasks, lack of grammatical competence, afraid of proposing questions, afraid of speaking, and difficulties to complete the listening tasks. These caused students to have low achievement and inactive classroom interaction. The study was aimed at improving students' achievement and classroom interaction of 8 th -grade students of SMPN 4 Praya, Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. This study was classroom action research. The procedure of actions included two steps, namely the reconnaissance and the action. The reconnaissance presented the students' learning problems and the action consisted of four stages, namely planning, implementing, evaluating, and reflecting. The research instruments of this study used observation sheets, a questionnaire, and a test. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of this study showed that the use of the scientific-based approach was able to improve students' achievement and classroom interaction. The students' average score was 82.76. Each student' score was higher than the minimum passing grade (70). Meanwhile, the interaction classroom was active. It was supported by significant changes. Those changes were that students become more cooperative, active, and optimistic to complete reading tasks, listening tasks, speaking activities, and writing assignments in the form of group discussion. Keywords: Scientific-Based Approach, Achievement, Classroom Interaction
摘要本研究探讨了在英语教学中如何运用科学教学法来解决学生的学习问题。这些问题是学生难以完成学习任务,词汇量不足无法完成阅读任务,语法能力不足,不敢提问题,不敢说,难以完成听力任务。这些导致学生成绩低,课堂互动不活跃。本研究旨在改善西努沙登加拉中部龙目岛普拉亚中学四年级学生的学习成绩和课堂互动。本研究为课堂行动研究。行动的过程包括侦察和行动两个步骤。调查是针对学生的学习问题,行动分为计划、实施、评价和反思四个阶段。本研究的研究工具为观察表、问卷和测试。对收集到的资料进行定量和定性分析。本研究结果显示,运用科学教学法能改善学生的学习成绩及课堂互动。学生的平均分为82.76分。每个学生的分数都高于最低及格分数(70分)。同时,互动课堂也十分活跃。它得到了重大变化的支持。这些变化是学生在以小组讨论的形式完成阅读任务、听力任务、口语活动和写作任务时变得更加合作、积极和乐观。关键词:科学教学法,成就,课堂互动
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引用次数: 31
The Cultural Significance in Greeting Practices in Belo Dialect of the Bima Language 毕马语贝洛方言问候语的文化意义
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.206-234
A. Alek
Indonesia is the home to a vast array of cultures and many unique languages that are the mother tongues of these various islands and cultural groups. One of these is Bima language. Greeting systems and the address of personal names has long been a question of great interest in linguistic fields, especially sociolinguistic study. The main objective of the recent study was to answer some of the main issues as follows: (1) What are name variations in the greeting practices using in the Bima language? (2) How are the name variations applied in daily interactions of the Bima language? (3) Which syllables which are dominantly chosen in greeting terms? The results of my research will present the variations in the greeting system and address of personal names and their variety. Those variations are either at the beginning, the middle or the end of the syllables. However, none of the Bima people’s names begin with a consonant: “C, P, V, and X” as well as the vowel O.” it will also show that the variation of greeting practices and address of names applied in the daily interactions of the Bima language are different for men and women. The effort of maintaining the local style is essential to preserving and investigating as part of the national language because the position and function of the local languages are significant to the contribution and the progress and standardization of the national language. Keywords : Greeting practices, Bima language, and cultural significance
印度尼西亚是众多文化和许多独特语言的家园,这些语言是这些不同岛屿和文化群体的母语。其中之一就是毕马语。问候语系统和人名的称呼一直是语言学领域,特别是社会语言学研究的一个热点问题。最近这项研究的主要目的是回答以下一些主要问题:(1)比马语问候语中使用的名字变体是什么?(2) 名称变体是如何应用于比马语的日常互动中的?(3)哪些音节在问候语中占主导地位?我的研究结果将展示问候语系统和人名地址的变化及其多样性。这些变体要么在音节的开头,要么在音节中间,要么在词尾。然而,没有一个比马人的名字以辅音开头:“C、P、V和X”以及元音O。这也表明,在比马语的日常互动中,问候方式和名字地址的变化对男性和女性来说是不同的。保持地方风格的努力对于作为国家语言的一部分进行保存和调查至关重要,因为地方语言的地位和功能对国家语言的贡献、进步和标准化具有重要意义。关键词:问候语、比马语和文化意义
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引用次数: 1
Coinage and Neologism in Hausa Political Programs: A Sociolinguistics Perspective 豪萨政治纲领中的造词与新词:一个社会语言学的视角
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.294-311
Abdulkadir Abu Bakar Zailini
Linguistic aspect of language development is not an event that occur abruptly; rather, it pass through processes that take place gradually over time, in a stage by stage development. This paper dwells on linguistic issues on coinage and neologism arising in Hausa political programmes in the media, from the sociolinguistic perspective, which gave birth and rebirth of words/phrases meaning. New words/phrase are created, the existing ones are lexically and semantically expanded to accommodate new meanings in Hausa language usage. It observes and explains how some Hausa lexical items as well as sentences are used in the media political programmes in such a way that the language has new words and meanings; and instances of coinage and neologism in Hausa in the media are discussed.
语言发展的语言学方面不是突然发生的事件;相反,它会经历一个阶段一个阶段的发展过程,随着时间的推移而逐渐发生。本文从社会语言学的角度探讨了媒体豪萨政治节目中出现的新词和造词的语言学问题,这些问题催生了词语/短语意义的诞生和再生。新单词/短语被创建,现有单词/短语在词汇和语义上被扩展,以适应豪萨语使用中的新含义。它观察并解释了一些豪萨语词汇和句子是如何在媒体政治节目中使用的,从而使语言具有新的单词和意义;并讨论了媒体上豪萨语中的铸币和新词。
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引用次数: 0
Proposing a Gaming Language Analysis Procedure to Reveal Video Game Ideology through Ludic Linguistics 提出一种游戏语言分析程序,用鲁德语言学揭示电子游戏意识形态
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.18326/rgt.v12i2.235-261
SF. Luthfie Arguby Purnomo, Khristianto Khristianto
This study proposes a procedural analysis on the implementation of ludic linguistics to analyze gaming language with wordplays, the core of focus in ludic linguistics, as the point of departure. To formulate the procedural analysis, theories of language play by Crystal ideology of influence and ludonarrative model by Aarseth, wordplay in gaming context by Paul, intended meaning level by Stiles, wordplay transmission by Winter-Froemel, game interface types by Stonehouse and indexical storytelling by Fernandez-Vara were applied as the theoretical foundation. To provide a vivid application of the proposed procedural analysis, wordplays appearing on game assets from Konami’s Metal Gear Solid, Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, and Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater were taken as examples of analysis. The five steps procedure is able to show how wordplays in gaming context are designed as mechanical cues to help gamers complete the games and as narrative cues to help them comprehend the story. Further, this proposed procedure is able to indicate that the mechanical and narrative cues have particular ideology of influence, which affects gamers in reacting and responding to particular problems presented by the games. The result of this study discloses future research on the roles of wordplays in gaming context, signifying the importance of ludic linguistics as a bridge between language studies and game studies. Keywords: Wordplay; Gaming Language; Ludic Linguistics; Game Dtudies; Metal Gear Solid
本研究提出了一个关于鲁迪语言学实施的程序分析,以鲁迪语言学关注的核心——文字游戏为出发点来分析游戏语言。为了形成程序分析,应用了Aarseth的Crystal影响意识形态和ludonarative模型的语言游戏理论、Paul的游戏语境中的文字游戏理论、Stiles的意向意义水平理论、Winter Froemel的文字游戏传播理论、Stonehouse的游戏界面类型理论和Fernandez-Vara的指数叙事理论作为理论基础。为了生动地应用所提出的程序分析,以科乐美的《金属装备固体》、《金属装备2:自由之子》和《金属装备3:食蛇者》中出现在游戏资产上的文字游戏为分析示例。五个步骤的程序能够展示游戏环境中的文字游戏是如何被设计为帮助玩家完成游戏的机械提示和帮助他们理解故事的叙事提示的。此外,这一提出的程序能够表明,机械和叙事线索具有特定的影响意识形态,这会影响游戏玩家对游戏提出的特定问题的反应。这项研究的结果揭示了未来对文字游戏在游戏语境中的作用的研究,标志着滑稽语言学作为语言研究和游戏研究之间桥梁的重要性。关键词:文字游戏;游戏语言;卢德语言学;游戏研究;金属齿轮实心
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引用次数: 0
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