Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.2.3
Martin T. Adam, Irena Headlandová Kalischová
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Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.2.1
M. Sevcíková
The study deals with Czech conversion pairs of a noun and a verb, both of which denote actions ( test ‘test.n’ — testovat ‘to test’). Elaborating on previous research on prototypical verb-to-noun and noun-to-verb conversion in Czech, the direction in these pairs is determined based on whether the verb forms its aspectual counterpart by changing the theme (which is characteristic of the deverbal direction), or whether the suffixed counterpart is not available (typical of denominal verbs). The analysis, carried out on a corpus sample of 1,300 action nouns and directly related verbs, demon-strates that pairs with native roots mostly conform to the deverbal pattern, whereas the denominal direction applies to a smaller subset of the native sample but clearly prevails in the data with foreign roots. The denominal direction ascribed to foreign pairs is consistent with the typological hypothesis that verbs are borrowed rather as nouns and subsequently turned into verbs in the target language.
{"title":"Action meanings in noun/verb conversion: native and foreign word-formation in Czech","authors":"M. Sevcíková","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with Czech conversion pairs of a noun and a verb, both of which denote actions ( test ‘test.n’ — testovat ‘to test’). Elaborating on previous research on prototypical verb-to-noun and noun-to-verb conversion in Czech, the direction in these pairs is determined based on whether the verb forms its aspectual counterpart by changing the theme (which is characteristic of the deverbal direction), or whether the suffixed counterpart is not available (typical of denominal verbs). The analysis, carried out on a corpus sample of 1,300 action nouns and directly related verbs, demon-strates that pairs with native roots mostly conform to the deverbal pattern, whereas the denominal direction applies to a smaller subset of the native sample but clearly prevails in the data with foreign roots. The denominal direction ascribed to foreign pairs is consistent with the typological hypothesis that verbs are borrowed rather as nouns and subsequently turned into verbs in the target language.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44910642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.2
E. Lehečková, Jakub Jehlička, Magdalena Králová Zíková
In this paper, we first review the existing evidence of gesture-prosody alignment in information structure marking, focusing on specific gestural patterns that were observed to co-occur with various information structure constructions. Then we complement the evidence with the results of a corpus-based study of gesture-speech alignment in Czech. Analyzing a sample of 80 minutes of personal narratives by 16 speakers collected from a Czech multimodal corpus, we observed that by far the most frequent information structure units accompanied by gestures were foci. In line with previous research, we observed that pitch and intensity peaks lag behind the gesture stroke onset (on average by 300 ms). We also provide new evidence for a systematic variation in the duration of the temporal shift related to the marking of discourse contrast. represents the first survey of multimodal marking of information structure in Czech. As such, it provides rather general first-look observations, as we employed relatively coarse-grained measures that did not allow for a closer ex-amination of the gesture-prosody-discourse entanglement. Further investigation of our corpus data has to consider possible alignment not only to F0 peaks but also phrase boundaries or low-pitch tones. However, the approach taken in this is a good starting point. Also, as pointed out by Türk (2020), it is not necessarily only the apex of a gesture stroke that should be mapped to prosodic markers. For instance, we should focus on whether — and if so, in what contexts — post-stroke holds follow strokes that are out of phase with pitch contour. for her assistance with the annotation and Martin Sedláček for proofreading the manuscript.
{"title":"Multimodal marking of information structure: gesture-prosody alignment across languages","authors":"E. Lehečková, Jakub Jehlička, Magdalena Králová Zíková","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we first review the existing evidence of gesture-prosody alignment in information structure marking, focusing on specific gestural patterns that were observed to co-occur with various information structure constructions. Then we complement the evidence with the results of a corpus-based study of gesture-speech alignment in Czech. Analyzing a sample of 80 minutes of personal narratives by 16 speakers collected from a Czech multimodal corpus, we observed that by far the most frequent information structure units accompanied by gestures were foci. In line with previous research, we observed that pitch and intensity peaks lag behind the gesture stroke onset (on average by 300 ms). We also provide new evidence for a systematic variation in the duration of the temporal shift related to the marking of discourse contrast. represents the first survey of multimodal marking of information structure in Czech. As such, it provides rather general first-look observations, as we employed relatively coarse-grained measures that did not allow for a closer ex-amination of the gesture-prosody-discourse entanglement. Further investigation of our corpus data has to consider possible alignment not only to F0 peaks but also phrase boundaries or low-pitch tones. However, the approach taken in this is a good starting point. Also, as pointed out by Türk (2020), it is not necessarily only the apex of a gesture stroke that should be mapped to prosodic markers. For instance, we should focus on whether — and if so, in what contexts — post-stroke holds follow strokes that are out of phase with pitch contour. for her assistance with the annotation and Martin Sedláček for proofreading the manuscript.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47056360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.1
Mirjam Fried
Not just diachronic change or synchronic variability in linguistic structure, but also the shape of speakers’ expressive strategies for navigating natural verbal interaction can be seen as reflections of the fundamental human capacity for adapting to novel communicative circumstances. The adjustments are observable at all layers of language — sounds, prosody, lexical changes, shifts in grammatical organization — and also pose questions concerning adaptation at both the individual and community levels. In this introductory framing of the present volume, the conceptual underpinnings of the quest for adequate explanations of adaptive processes are consistent with a set of assumptions that are associated with, broadly speaking, ‘socio-cognitive’ approaches to language: (i) socio-prag-matic and cultural grounding of verbal interaction, (ii) reference to domain-general cognitive capacities, and (iii) emergence of linguistic categories and their organization from recurring patterns of use. Linguistic analysis focused on the adaptive aspects of language and language use thus aims at capturing the speakers’ interactional competence; this includes both narrowly linguistic aspects and non-linguistic patterns of behavior, which, taken together, help us understand better all the factors involved in successful communication.
{"title":"Special Issue: The adaptive nature of linguistic behavior","authors":"Mirjam Fried","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Not just diachronic change or synchronic variability in linguistic structure, but also the shape of speakers’ expressive strategies for navigating natural verbal interaction can be seen as reflections of the fundamental human capacity for adapting to novel communicative circumstances. The adjustments are observable at all layers of language — sounds, prosody, lexical changes, shifts in grammatical organization — and also pose questions concerning adaptation at both the individual and community levels. In this introductory framing of the present volume, the conceptual underpinnings of the quest for adequate explanations of adaptive processes are consistent with a set of assumptions that are associated with, broadly speaking, ‘socio-cognitive’ approaches to language: (i) socio-prag-matic and cultural grounding of verbal interaction, (ii) reference to domain-general cognitive capacities, and (iii) emergence of linguistic categories and their organization from recurring patterns of use. Linguistic analysis focused on the adaptive aspects of language and language use thus aims at capturing the speakers’ interactional competence; this includes both narrowly linguistic aspects and non-linguistic patterns of behavior, which, taken together, help us understand better all the factors involved in successful communication.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43971675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.6
Adam Kriz, J. Chromý
The current paper presents the results of a qualitative analysis of speech errors made during the L2 picture-naming task in the context of two mutually intelligible languages. The task was performed by native speakers of Slovak and its target language was Czech. The errors demonstrate that production is partly based on the so-called interlanguage analogies and interiorized rules derived from them. Such issues have been rather overlooked in the previous literature. Our qualitative findings offer a viable starting point for formulating novel hypotheses for quantitative studies on lexical access in bilinguals. The evidence discussed here shows that examining less commonly studied languages in their specific contexts can substantially enrich the research that has traditionally focused on better studied languages, such as English, French, German or Dutch.
{"title":"Interlanguage correspondences and their manifestation in receptive bilinguals","authors":"Adam Kriz, J. Chromý","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The current paper presents the results of a qualitative analysis of speech errors made during the L2 picture-naming task in the context of two mutually intelligible languages. The task was performed by native speakers of Slovak and its target language was Czech. The errors demonstrate that production is partly based on the so-called interlanguage analogies and interiorized rules derived from them. Such issues have been rather overlooked in the previous literature. Our qualitative findings offer a viable starting point for formulating novel hypotheses for quantitative studies on lexical access in bilinguals. The evidence discussed here shows that examining less commonly studied languages in their specific contexts can substantially enrich the research that has traditionally focused on better studied languages, such as English, French, German or Dutch.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42904088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.7
Tomáš Bořil, Pavel Šturm, Radek Skarnitzl, Marie Hévrová, B. Köpke
This paper is based on a study of first language attrition in Czechs living in France, which reveals that Czech expatriates in France use prominent rises in non-conclusive intonation patterns in their native language. We manipulated the speech of six expatriates by reducing the fundamental frequency ( f 0 ) range of non-conclusive rises in a phrase, and the speech of six Czech control speakers by expanding the f 0 range to mimic the French-like prominent rises. The manipulations served, alongside filler items, as the basis for a perception test in which 37 native Czech listeners assessed how much the speakers’ pronunciation manifested marks of a long-term stay in France. The results confirmed our hypothesis that expanding the control speakers’ f 0 range would increase the perceived effect of French. However, reducing the f 0 range in the expatriate group did not yield lower French-effect ratings, most likely due to the presence of other pronunciation features in their speech.
{"title":"The effect of non-conclusive melodic rises on Czech speech sounding French","authors":"Tomáš Bořil, Pavel Šturm, Radek Skarnitzl, Marie Hévrová, B. Köpke","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on a study of first language attrition in Czechs living in France, which reveals that Czech expatriates in France use prominent rises in non-conclusive intonation patterns in their native language. We manipulated the speech of six expatriates by reducing the fundamental frequency ( f 0 ) range of non-conclusive rises in a phrase, and the speech of six Czech control speakers by expanding the f 0 range to mimic the French-like prominent rises. The manipulations served, alongside filler items, as the basis for a perception test in which 37 native Czech listeners assessed how much the speakers’ pronunciation manifested marks of a long-term stay in France. The results confirmed our hypothesis that expanding the control speakers’ f 0 range would increase the perceived effect of French. However, reducing the f 0 range in the expatriate group did not yield lower French-effect ratings, most likely due to the presence of other pronunciation features in their speech.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45246501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.4
Pavel Štichauer
This paper deals with auxiliary verb constructions in Romance, in particular with those that exhibit two auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘be’ which alternate, in many Italo-Romance varieties, within one and the same paradigm. It is argued that such an intra-paradigmatic distribution represents a special kind of grammaticalization, traditionally referred to as morphologization. Two aspects are discussed. First, a morphological approach to such ‘mixed paradigms’ is advocated, the main claim being that in order to explain the distribution of the two auxiliaries within the paradigm, one has to make essential reference to paradigmatic structure rather than to the intrinsic featural composition of the auxiliaries (along the lines of paradigmatic approaches reviewed in Blevins 2016). Second, it is shown that these mixed systems, although they often represent “delicate transitional stages” (Lopor-caro 2014: 56, n. 8), also display interesting diachronic convergence typical of various stem alternation patterns, famously referred to as morphomes (cf. Maiden 2018). The paper draws on a dataset that is currently being put together in order to become, in the future, a large database of mixed perfective auxiliation systems. Some space is thus devoted to the description of the main parameters of this project, called ‘MIXPAR’.
本文研究了浪漫主义中的助动词结构，特别是那些表现出两个助动词“have”和“be”的助动词，在许多意大利浪漫主义变体中，它们在同一范式中交替出现。有人认为，这种范式内分布代表了一种特殊的语法化，传统上被称为形态化。讨论了两个方面。首先，对这种“混合范式”提出了形态学方法，主要主张是，为了解释范式中两个辅助词的分布，必须基本参考范式结构，而不是辅助词的内在自然组成（按照Blevins 2016中综述的范式方法）。其次，研究表明，尽管这些混合系统通常代表“微妙的过渡阶段”（Lopor caro 2014:56，n.8），但它们也表现出有趣的历时收敛，这是各种茎交替模式的典型特征，也被称为形态组（参见Maiden 2018）。本文利用了一个目前正在整合的数据集，以便在未来成为一个混合完善辅助系统的大型数据库。因此，有一些空间专门用于描述该项目的主要参数，称为“MIXPAR”。
{"title":"Grammaticalization of auxiliary verb constructions: The case of Italo-Romance mixed perfective auxiliation systems and the ‘MIXPAR’ project","authors":"Pavel Štichauer","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with auxiliary verb constructions in Romance, in particular with those that exhibit two auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘be’ which alternate, in many Italo-Romance varieties, within one and the same paradigm. It is argued that such an intra-paradigmatic distribution represents a special kind of grammaticalization, traditionally referred to as morphologization. Two aspects are discussed. First, a morphological approach to such ‘mixed paradigms’ is advocated, the main claim being that in order to explain the distribution of the two auxiliaries within the paradigm, one has to make essential reference to paradigmatic structure rather than to the intrinsic featural composition of the auxiliaries (along the lines of paradigmatic approaches reviewed in Blevins 2016). Second, it is shown that these mixed systems, although they often represent “delicate transitional stages” (Lopor-caro 2014: 56, n. 8), also display interesting diachronic convergence typical of various stem alternation patterns, famously referred to as morphomes (cf. Maiden 2018). The paper draws on a dataset that is currently being put together in order to become, in the future, a large database of mixed perfective auxiliation systems. Some space is thus devoted to the description of the main parameters of this project, called ‘MIXPAR’.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49552322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.8
Pavel Šturm, J. Przedlacka, A. Rojczyk
The paper focuses on the ability of Czech speakers to explicitly imitate native English realizations of the phoneme /t/ as [ ʔ ] (t-glottaling). In Czech, glottalization occurs as a boundary signal of word-initial vocalic onsets. We hypothesize that this allows for a better imitative performance in the intervocalic context as compared to non-prevocalic contexts. However, an alternative hypothesis based on language-external facts (frequency in the learners’ English input) predicts the opposite pattern. Our experiment involves 30 participants in a shadowing task. In addition to words with /t/, words with /k/ are examined to establish if speakers can generalize to a phonologically similar category to which they have not been exposed. Speakers adapted their pronunciation after exposure to t-glot-taling to some degree. Our hypothesis was confirmed for the shadowing task, while the alternative language-external hypothesis was confirmed for the post-test task, suggesting a different pattern of performance in terms of imitation versus learning.
{"title":"Phonetic imitation of t-glottaling by Czech speakers of English","authors":"Pavel Šturm, J. Przedlacka, A. Rojczyk","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the ability of Czech speakers to explicitly imitate native English realizations of the phoneme /t/ as [ ʔ ] (t-glottaling). In Czech, glottalization occurs as a boundary signal of word-initial vocalic onsets. We hypothesize that this allows for a better imitative performance in the intervocalic context as compared to non-prevocalic contexts. However, an alternative hypothesis based on language-external facts (frequency in the learners’ English input) predicts the opposite pattern. Our experiment involves 30 participants in a shadowing task. In addition to words with /t/, words with /k/ are examined to establish if speakers can generalize to a phonologically similar category to which they have not been exposed. Speakers adapted their pronunciation after exposure to t-glot-taling to some degree. Our hypothesis was confirmed for the shadowing task, while the alternative language-external hypothesis was confirmed for the post-test task, suggesting a different pattern of performance in terms of imitation versus learning.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43244665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.3
O. Tichý
Since at least the mid twentieth century, countability has been a lively topic in many fields of linguistics as well as an important subject in the field of teaching English as a second/foreign language. Yet the development of this category in the history of English has been little researched and never comprehensively described. This paper looks at the current state of the descriptions of the emergence of this category in the history of English. It notes a possible connection between its promi-nent status in the descriptions of Present-Day English and of English as a global language (studied by many non-native learners as well as linguists). It maps the history of the description of the category in grammars and dictionaries from the fourteenth until the early twentieth century, and prepares the ground for a follow-up corpus-based research of the development of countability in English.
{"title":"Countability in the history of English: Evidence from grammars and dictionaries","authors":"O. Tichý","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Since at least the mid twentieth century, countability has been a lively topic in many fields of linguistics as well as an important subject in the field of teaching English as a second/foreign language. Yet the development of this category in the history of English has been little researched and never comprehensively described. This paper looks at the current state of the descriptions of the emergence of this category in the history of English. It notes a possible connection between its promi-nent status in the descriptions of Present-Day English and of English as a global language (studied by many non-native learners as well as linguists). It maps the history of the description of the category in grammars and dictionaries from the fourteenth until the early twentieth century, and prepares the ground for a follow-up corpus-based research of the development of countability in English.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44514573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.14712/18059635.2022.1.5
Michal Skrabal
The influx of neologisms associated with the coronavirus pandemic demonstrates the natural need to expand the lexicon with new words when the language community is confronted with a new reality. Neological adoptions (the word lockdown in Czech) and semantic neologisms (the extension of the English word lockdown with a new meaning) thus directly reflect the adaptation to a new reality at the linguistic level. In my article relying primarily on empirical data from monitoring corpora of Czech and English, I focus mainly on the process of adapting the individual loanword into the Czech lexical system, successively on the conceptual, formal, morphological, word-forming, and syntactic level. The unproblematic integration of the word into the Czech environment, crowned by its inclusion in the emerging monolingual dictionary of Czech, may also testify to the state of the Czech language in today's global world.
{"title":"Adapting to the pandemic crisis through the lens of language. On the English semantic neologism lockdown and its adoption into Czech","authors":"Michal Skrabal","doi":"10.14712/18059635.2022.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/18059635.2022.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The influx of neologisms associated with the coronavirus pandemic demonstrates the natural need to expand the lexicon with new words when the language community is confronted with a new reality. Neological adoptions (the word lockdown in Czech) and semantic neologisms (the extension of the English word lockdown with a new meaning) thus directly reflect the adaptation to a new reality at the linguistic level. In my article relying primarily on empirical data from monitoring corpora of Czech and English, I focus mainly on the process of adapting the individual loanword into the Czech lexical system, successively on the conceptual, formal, morphological, word-forming, and syntactic level. The unproblematic integration of the word into the Czech environment, crowned by its inclusion in the emerging monolingual dictionary of Czech, may also testify to the state of the Czech language in today's global world.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67039463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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