Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-011-0001-2
Ondžej Pešek
The paper deals with the relation between argumentation and causality. After having defined causality (referring to D. Hume) and its language representation, we distinguish three types of argumentative discourse articulated by an argument-introducing connective (parce que, puisque, car, en effet etc.), i.e. argument for the utterance content, argument for the illocutionary act and argument for the act of enunciation. Afterwards, we examine the relation between argument and conclusion in these three types of discourse from the point of view of causality. We show that causality operates as a principle which the argumentation is based on only in the case of truth-conditional acts. We try to explain some restrictions concerning the distribution of the causally related entities which are observed.
本文讨论了论证与因果关系的关系。在定义了因果关系(参照休谟)及其语言表征之后，我们区分了三种由引语连接词(parce que, puisque, car, en effet等)所表达的议论文语，即话语内容的议论文、言外行为的议论文和发音行为的议论文。然后，我们从因果关系的角度考察了这三种类型话语中论点和结论之间的关系。我们表明，因果关系作为一个原则运作，只有在真理条件行为的情况下，论证才基于这个原则。我们试图解释一些关于所观察到的因果相关实体分布的限制。
{"title":"Causality, Argumentation and Connectives","authors":"Ondžej Pešek","doi":"10.2478/V10017-011-0001-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-011-0001-2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the relation between argumentation and causality. After having defined causality (referring to D. Hume) and its language representation, we distinguish three types of argumentative discourse articulated by an argument-introducing connective (parce que, puisque, car, en effet etc.), i.e. argument for the utterance content, argument for the illocutionary act and argument for the act of enunciation. Afterwards, we examine the relation between argument and conclusion in these three types of discourse from the point of view of causality. We show that causality operates as a principle which the argumentation is based on only in the case of truth-conditional acts. We try to explain some restrictions concerning the distribution of the causally related entities which are observed.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-011-0001-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-011-0006-X
Orkida Borshi
The paper examines Albanian progressive forms and their distribution in comparison with the English progressive in order to find out the similarities and differences between the Albanian progressive and the progressive in English. The theoretical part presents a survey and a description of the forms of the progressive in each language. The research part first offers an analysis of progressive forms in an Albanian-English translation and then examines the progressive forms occurring in a text translated from English into Albanian. The results of the study qualify the observation made in the literature on the Albanian progressive in one important respect, viz. that of the two available structures the po-construction (in spite of its restriction to the present and the imperfect) rather than jam+duke forms is by far the more common as a means of expressing progressiveness in Albanian. It is thus the po particle construction that appears to be the prevailing Albanian progressive form whereas the role of the jam+duke construction is negligible. However, there is an asymmetry between the po-construction and the English progressive in the examined texts. While the English progressive translates 2/3 (and possibly more) of the Albanian po-constructions, only 1/3 of the English progressive forms are translated into Albanian by po-constructions. This, and the surprisingly low incidence of progressive constructions in the Albanian text, shows that the status of the Albanian progressive construction is indeed different from that of the English progressive.
{"title":"A Comparison of Progressive forms in English and Albanian","authors":"Orkida Borshi","doi":"10.2478/V10017-011-0006-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-011-0006-X","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines Albanian progressive forms and their distribution in comparison with the English progressive in order to find out the similarities and differences between the Albanian progressive and the progressive in English. The theoretical part presents a survey and a description of the forms of the progressive in each language. The research part first offers an analysis of progressive forms in an Albanian-English translation and then examines the progressive forms occurring in a text translated from English into Albanian. The results of the study qualify the observation made in the literature on the Albanian progressive in one important respect, viz. that of the two available structures the po-construction (in spite of its restriction to the present and the imperfect) rather than jam+duke forms is by far the more common as a means of expressing progressiveness in Albanian. It is thus the po particle construction that appears to be the prevailing Albanian progressive form whereas the role of the jam+duke construction is negligible. However, there is an asymmetry between the po-construction and the English progressive in the examined texts. While the English progressive translates 2/3 (and possibly more) of the Albanian po-constructions, only 1/3 of the English progressive forms are translated into Albanian by po-constructions. This, and the surprisingly low incidence of progressive constructions in the Albanian text, shows that the status of the Albanian progressive construction is indeed different from that of the English progressive.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"21 1","pages":"70-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-011-0006-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-011-0002-1
Vladislav Smolka
The article explores the role of word-order as an indicator of the rheme in samples of written and spoken language respectively. The assumption was that this role of wordorder would be more prominent in written language, where the choice of a particular linear arrangement may be prompted by the need to achieve the effect of end-focus. In spoken discourse the rheme is signalled by prosodic clues, namely by the placement of the intonation nucleus, irrespective of its position in the sentence, rendering word-order a secondary indicator. As a result, the frequency of deviations from the grammatical word-order, e.g. fronting, is lower in spoken discourse. However, the analysis of word-order in spoken discourse is made difficult by irregularity and structural incompleteness.
{"title":"WORD-ORDER VARIABILITY AND FSP IN WRITTEN AND SPOKEN DISCOURSE","authors":"Vladislav Smolka","doi":"10.2478/V10017-011-0002-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-011-0002-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the role of word-order as an indicator of the rheme in samples of written and spoken language respectively. The assumption was that this role of wordorder would be more prominent in written language, where the choice of a particular linear arrangement may be prompted by the need to achieve the effect of end-focus. In spoken discourse the rheme is signalled by prosodic clues, namely by the placement of the intonation nucleus, irrespective of its position in the sentence, rendering word-order a secondary indicator. As a result, the frequency of deviations from the grammatical word-order, e.g. fronting, is lower in spoken discourse. However, the analysis of word-order in spoken discourse is made difficult by irregularity and structural incompleteness.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"21 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-011-0002-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-011-0003-0
Leona Rohrauer, P. Dubec
The paper presents the results of two diploma theses dealing with the analyses of the syntactic and FSP aspects of the existential construction. The analyses were carried out on a sample of 400 instances excerpted from two stylistically different types of text – academic prose and fiction. All instances were divided into two main groups: bare existential construction (i.e. without any adverbial), and existential construction with adverbial(s). The analysis of the bare existential construction was mostly focused on the structure and FSP functions of the notional subject, i.e. the modification of the notional subject and FSP patterns the bare existential construction can realize. The analysis of the other construction focused on the adverbials with particular attention to their sentence position and FSP functions. Based on the analyses the primary and secondary functions of the existential construction were defined.
{"title":"Syntactic and FSP aspects of the existential construction","authors":"Leona Rohrauer, P. Dubec","doi":"10.2478/V10017-011-0003-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-011-0003-0","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of two diploma theses dealing with the analyses of the syntactic and FSP aspects of the existential construction. The analyses were carried out on a sample of 400 instances excerpted from two stylistically different types of text – academic prose and fiction. All instances were divided into two main groups: bare existential construction (i.e. without any adverbial), and existential construction with adverbial(s). The analysis of the bare existential construction was mostly focused on the structure and FSP functions of the notional subject, i.e. the modification of the notional subject and FSP patterns the bare existential construction can realize. The analysis of the other construction focused on the adverbials with particular attention to their sentence position and FSP functions. Based on the analyses the primary and secondary functions of the existential construction were defined.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"21 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-011-0003-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-011-0005-Y
Rosa Rabadán
This paper has a double aim: i) to empirically establish the functions naturally expressed by any and those of one of its Spanish counterparts, specifically cualquier(a) so as to identify possible cross-linguistic transfer; ii) to illustrate a high-performing methodological procedure. A set of tools, among them an ad hoc tertium comparationis consisting of a set of cross-linguistic labels, a parallel corpus (P-ACTRES) and a reference corpus (CREA) are used to explore: i) the uses of any in context and the resulting translation environments served by cualquiera; ii) the degree of matching between translated cualquier(a) and its non-translated usage in standard European Spanish. The corpus-based procedure follows basically Krzeszowski's contrastive model (1990) with the addition of a 'target language fit' stage (Chesterman, 2004). The analysis shows different behaviour in translated and nontranslated Spanish: Cualquier(a) is underused as a translation option for 'existential' any and acquires a new function, 'negative', which is not a possibility in non-translated language for the same contexts. The analysis also corroborates the usefulness and the replicability of the methodological procedure.
{"title":"ANY INTO SPANISH: A CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS OF A TRANSLATION PROBLEM","authors":"Rosa Rabadán","doi":"10.2478/V10017-011-0005-Y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-011-0005-Y","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has a double aim: i) to empirically establish the functions naturally expressed by any and those of one of its Spanish counterparts, specifically cualquier(a) so as to identify possible cross-linguistic transfer; ii) to illustrate a high-performing methodological procedure. A set of tools, among them an ad hoc tertium comparationis consisting of a set of cross-linguistic labels, a parallel corpus (P-ACTRES) and a reference corpus (CREA) are used to explore: i) the uses of any in context and the resulting translation environments served by cualquiera; ii) the degree of matching between translated cualquier(a) and its non-translated usage in standard European Spanish. The corpus-based procedure follows basically Krzeszowski's contrastive model (1990) with the addition of a 'target language fit' stage (Chesterman, 2004). The analysis shows different behaviour in translated and nontranslated Spanish: Cualquier(a) is underused as a translation option for 'existential' any and acquires a new function, 'negative', which is not a possibility in non-translated language for the same contexts. The analysis also corroborates the usefulness and the replicability of the methodological procedure.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"21 1","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-011-0005-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-09DOI: 10.2478/V10017-010-0007-1
Martin T. Adam
The present paper offers an analysis of The Parable of the Lost Coin (Luke 15: 8-10), which is discussed from the point of view of the Firbasian theory of functional sentence perspective (FSP). It looks at three different aspects of the discourse, especially in regard to the ideology and aesthetics employed within verbal realisation of the texts. Research has indicated (Firbas 1995, Svoboda 2006, Hurtova 2009; cf. Adam 2006) that the writer's communicative purpose is typically related to the aesthetic function carried by the text, and determines the writer's communicative strategies. Special attention is paid to the phenomena of informational density, interpretative potentiality and aesthetic function implemented within the auctorial communicative strategy, and also to the functional comparison of the structure and function of the parable on the one hand, and its corresponding mathematical counterpart, the parabola, on the other.
{"title":"On Some Special FSP Aspects within the New Testament Parables(with regard to Luke 15:8-10)","authors":"Martin T. Adam","doi":"10.2478/V10017-010-0007-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-010-0007-1","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper offers an analysis of The Parable of the Lost\u0000Coin (Luke 15: 8-10), which is discussed from the point of view\u0000of the Firbasian theory of functional sentence perspective\u0000(FSP). It looks at three different aspects of the discourse,\u0000especially in regard to the ideology and aesthetics employed\u0000within verbal realisation of the texts. Research has indicated\u0000(Firbas 1995, Svoboda 2006, Hurtova 2009; cf. Adam 2006) that\u0000the writer's communicative purpose is typically related to the\u0000aesthetic function carried by the text, and determines the\u0000writer's communicative strategies. Special attention is paid to\u0000the phenomena of informational density, interpretative\u0000potentiality and aesthetic function implemented within the\u0000auctorial communicative strategy, and also to the functional\u0000comparison of the structure and function of the parable on the\u0000one hand, and its corresponding mathematical counterpart, the\u0000parabola, on the other.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"94-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2010-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-010-0006-2
Jana Chamonikolasová
The focus of the paper is the conception of dynamic semantic scales within Firbas's theory of functional sentence perspective. In a particular context, each syntactic element performs a certain dynamic semantic function, reflecting the degree of communicative dynamism carried by the element. Each sentence implements one of three scales of dynamic semantic functions: the Presentation, the Quality, or the Combined Scale. The present paper claims that Firbas's category of the Combined Scale in reality includes two subtypes: one with ellipted Quality Bearer and Quality, and another with ellipted Phenomenon and Presentation. The paper indicates that relations within the former subtype of the Combined Scale are identical to relations within the Presentation Scale, the only difference being the presence of Specification; relations within the latter subtype are identical to relations within the Quality Scale, the only difference being the absence of the explicit introduction of the Quality Bearer in the preceding context. The paper therefore suggests a modification of Firbas's tertiary system of dynamic semantic scales into a binary system involving only the Presentation Scale, including the Extended Presentation Scale subtype containing a Specification, and the Quality Scale, including both context dependent and context independent Quality Bearers.
{"title":"Communicative Perspectives in the Theory of FSP","authors":"Jana Chamonikolasová","doi":"10.2478/V10017-010-0006-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-010-0006-2","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the paper is the conception of dynamic semantic scales within Firbas's theory of functional sentence perspective. In a particular context, each syntactic element performs a certain dynamic semantic function, reflecting the degree of communicative dynamism carried by the element. Each sentence implements one of three scales of dynamic semantic functions: the Presentation, the Quality, or the Combined Scale. The present paper claims that Firbas's category of the Combined Scale in reality includes two subtypes: one with ellipted Quality Bearer and Quality, and another with ellipted Phenomenon and Presentation. The paper indicates that relations within the former subtype of the Combined Scale are identical to relations within the Presentation Scale, the only difference being the presence of Specification; relations within the latter subtype are identical to relations within the Quality Scale, the only difference being the absence of the explicit introduction of the Quality Bearer in the preceding context. The paper therefore suggests a modification of Firbas's tertiary system of dynamic semantic scales into a binary system involving only the Presentation Scale, including the Extended Presentation Scale subtype containing a Specification, and the Quality Scale, including both context dependent and context independent Quality Bearers.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68929030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-010-0005-3
Jarmila Tárnyiková
Theoretically anchored in Channell's monograph (1994), this paper focuses on one type of vague language manifestations, i.e. non-numerical vague quantifiers (e.g. bags of, heaps of, a touch of, umpteen, oodles) in their non-literal (figurative) meaning, as in bags of talent, oceans of energy, an iota of common sense, etc. These overt language manifestations of informal (and preferably spoken) interaction are approached from quantitative and qualitative perspectives, with the activation of both the vertical axis of paradigmatic alternation (bags of, lots of, loads of, oodles, …) and the horizontal axis of syntagmatic co-occurrence of vague quantifiers with nominal collocates (a bag of trouble/ tricks /nonsense/ nerves…). Selected samples of a corpus-based comparison of English (BNC data) and Czech (CNK data) have been discussed with the aim of pinpointing some of the potential sources of unwanted inferences or negative transfers between typologically remote languages used in a different socio-cultural setting.
本文以Channell的专著(1994)为理论基础，重点研究了一类模糊语言表现形式，即非数量词(如bags of、heaps of、a touch of、umpteen、oodles)的非字面(比喻)意义，如bags of talent、oceans of energy、an iota of common sense等。这些非正式(最好是口语)互动的显性语言表现从定量和定性的角度进行了探讨，同时激活了范式交替的纵轴(bags of, lots of, loads of, oodles，…)和模糊量词与名义搭配的句法共现的横轴(a bag of trouble/ tricks /nonsense/ nerve…)。本文对基于语料库的英语(BNC数据)和捷克语(CNK数据)的比较样本进行了讨论，目的是找出在不同社会文化环境中使用的类型学上遥远的语言之间产生不必要推论或负迁移的一些潜在来源。
{"title":"BAGS OF TALENT, A TOUCH OF PANIC, AND A BIT OF LUCK:THE CASE OF NON-NUMERICAL VAGUE QUANTIFIERS","authors":"Jarmila Tárnyiková","doi":"10.2478/V10017-010-0005-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-010-0005-3","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretically anchored in Channell's monograph (1994), this paper focuses on one type of vague language manifestations, i.e. non-numerical vague quantifiers (e.g. bags of, heaps of, a touch of, umpteen, oodles) in their non-literal (figurative) meaning, as in bags of talent, oceans of energy, an iota of common sense, etc. These overt language manifestations of informal (and preferably spoken) interaction are approached from quantitative and qualitative perspectives, with the activation of both the vertical axis of paradigmatic alternation (bags of, lots of, loads of, oodles, …) and the horizontal axis of syntagmatic co-occurrence of vague quantifiers with nominal collocates (a bag of trouble/ tricks /nonsense/ nerves…). Selected samples of a corpus-based comparison of English (BNC data) and Czech (CNK data) have been discussed with the aim of pinpointing some of the potential sources of unwanted inferences or negative transfers between typologically remote languages used in a different socio-cultural setting.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-010-0005-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68928986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-010-0003-5
Mira Načeva-Marvanová
The understanding of the grammaticalization process used today is quite diverse; nevertheless it presents a great step forward in contemporary linguistics and offers almost universal criteria for its description. The grammaticalization of the analytic verbal structures and especially of Perfect tense was first observed by the pioneers of the modern grammaticalization theory (A. Meillet, J. Kurylowicz) and had since become the subject of systematic investigation. One of the constituents of the European linguistic area (ELA) is the ability to form analytical verbal constructions and verbal tenses – in the case of the Perfects predominantly as a bi-auxiliary habere/esse type, or as a mono-auxiliary habere type and esse type. The West Slavic habere Perfect constructions in Czech with their three main types show, thanks to the extensive data well documented by the Czech National Corpus, some rather unique innovations, as e.g. the shift from the object type agreement of the n-/t-participle to a subject-type agreement.
对今天使用的语法化过程的理解是相当多样化的;尽管如此，它在当代语言学中还是向前迈出了一大步，并为其描述提供了几乎通用的标准。现代语法化理论的先驱(A. Meillet, J. Kurylowicz)首先观察到分析性言语结构的语法化，特别是完成时态的语法化，并从此成为系统研究的主题。欧洲语言区域(ELA)的组成部分之一是形成分析性动词结构和动词时态的能力——在完成时的情况下，主要是双助动词/动词类型，或单助动词/动词类型和动词类型。得益于捷克国家语料库的大量数据，西斯拉夫语捷克语的完成式结构及其三种主要类型显示出一些相当独特的创新，例如从n /t分词的宾语类型一致转变为主语类型一致。
{"title":"Grammaticalization and Verbal Structures (The Case of Analytic Perfect)","authors":"Mira Načeva-Marvanová","doi":"10.2478/V10017-010-0003-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-010-0003-5","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of the grammaticalization process used today is quite diverse; nevertheless it presents a great step forward in contemporary linguistics and offers almost universal criteria for its description. The grammaticalization of the analytic verbal structures and especially of Perfect tense was first observed by the pioneers of the modern grammaticalization theory (A. Meillet, J. Kurylowicz) and had since become the subject of systematic investigation. One of the constituents of the European linguistic area (ELA) is the ability to form analytical verbal constructions and verbal tenses – in the case of the Perfects predominantly as a bi-auxiliary habere/esse type, or as a mono-auxiliary habere type and esse type. The West Slavic habere Perfect constructions in Czech with their three main types show, thanks to the extensive data well documented by the Czech National Corpus, some rather unique innovations, as e.g. the shift from the object type agreement of the n-/t-participle to a subject-type agreement.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-010-0003-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68928975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.2478/V10017-010-0002-6
J. Pekelder
One of the central methodological problems within contrastive linguistics concerns the nature of the tertium comparationis (TC). On the whole, we can distinguish two approaches. The first one induces the TC directly from the language data and is universalistic. The second deduces the TC from a metatheory about the intrinsic characteristics of natural language and is relativistic. The present contribution serves a strictly methodological purpose, namely to present some new arguments in favour of the latter approach.
{"title":"The Tertium Comparationis in Constrastive Linguistics. A Methodological View","authors":"J. Pekelder","doi":"10.2478/V10017-010-0002-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10017-010-0002-6","url":null,"abstract":"One of the central methodological problems within contrastive linguistics concerns the nature of the tertium comparationis (TC). On the whole, we can distinguish two approaches. The first one induces the TC directly from the language data and is universalistic. The second deduces the TC from a metatheory about the intrinsic characteristics of natural language and is relativistic. The present contribution serves a strictly methodological purpose, namely to present some new arguments in favour of the latter approach.","PeriodicalId":40638,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Pragensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"22-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/V10017-010-0002-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68928966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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