Pub Date : 2018-08-14DOI: 10.1163/18750214-12151074
N. Vidro
This article is a case study in the transition of texts from manuscript to print. It looks at all surviving manuscripts and 15th–16th-centuries printed editions of Jacob ben Asher’s ʾArbaʿah Turim, Tur Orah Hayyim. Based on a close textual investigation of Tur Orah Hayyim, chapter 428, it identifies and dates manuscript clusters, and establishes how different imprints are linked with the manuscript tradition and with each other. The article suggests that the Soncino 1490 imprint by Solomon Soncino exerted a crucial influence on the printed text of Tur Orah Hayyim. Whereas before imprints were independent and closely associated with individual manuscripts, Soncino 1490 became the archetype for all but one subsequent 15th–16th-centuries imprints, and direct dependence on manuscripts subsided.
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Pub Date : 2018-08-14DOI: 10.1163/18750214-12151075
J. Howard
Research has so far been unsuccessful in determining the creed of the Hebrew lexicographer Menahem ben Saruq. Though most probably suspected of Karaism already in his day, there is no conclusive and decisive evidence to prove whether he was Karaite or Rabbanite. In this article, I suggest that Menahem’s choice of verses in one of his lexicon entries reflects a textually non-trivial interpretation originating in midrash, thereby suggesting that he was, in fact, Rabbanite.
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Pub Date : 2018-08-14DOI: 10.1163/18750214-12151073
Jonatan Meir
Sefer Shivhei ha-Besht is considered the central collection of hagiographic tales regarding Israel Baʿal Shem Tov (c. 1700–1760). It was first printed in Hebrew in Kopys in the latter part of 1814, and includes hundreds of stories that circulated orally and were heard by the author. The work was soon translated into Yiddish with significant changes, and three such translations have survived, each one very different to the others. The first translation, published in Ostróg in 1815, was believed lost. This article offers a brief description of the recently discovered edition, discussing its uniqueness in the context of the work’s printing history and on the background of Jewish publishing in Eastern Europe.
Sefer Shivhei ha Besht被认为是关于以色列Baʿal-Shem Tov（约1700–1760）的圣徒传说的中心收藏。1814年下半年，它首次以希伯来语在科皮斯印刷，其中包括数百个口头流传的故事，并被作者听到。这部作品很快被翻译成意第绪语，并发生了重大变化，有三个这样的译本幸存下来，每一个都与其他译本截然不同。第一个译本于1815年在奥斯特罗格出版，据信已经失传。本文简要介绍了最近发现的版本，并结合作品的印刷史和东欧犹太人出版的背景讨论了它的独特性。
{"title":"The Lost Yiddish Translation of Sefer Shivhei ha-Besht (Ostróg 1815)","authors":"Jonatan Meir","doi":"10.1163/18750214-12151073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750214-12151073","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Sefer Shivhei ha-Besht is considered the central collection of hagiographic tales regarding Israel Baʿal Shem Tov (c. 1700–1760). It was first printed in Hebrew in Kopys in the latter part of 1814, and includes hundreds of stories that circulated orally and were heard by the author. The work was soon translated into Yiddish with significant changes, and three such translations have survived, each one very different to the others. The first translation, published in Ostróg in 1815, was believed lost. This article offers a brief description of the recently discovered edition, discussing its uniqueness in the context of the work’s printing history and on the background of Jewish publishing in Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":40667,"journal":{"name":"Zutot","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18750214-12151073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45343134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-14DOI: 10.1163/18750214-12151070
Michael Nosonovsky
The geometrical theorem known as the ‘Tusi couple’ was first discovered by Persian astronomer Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274). The Tusi couple was believed to be discovered for Europeans by Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) and it played an important role in the development of his planetary system. It has been suggested by Willy Hartner, that Copernicus borrowed it from al-Tusi, however, a particular way of transmission is not known. In this article I show that Spanish-Jewish author Abner of Burgos (1270–1340) was familiar with the Tusi couple and followed Tusi’s notation in his diagrams. This may provide a missing link in the transmission of the Muslim astronomic knowledge to Europe and advance our understanding of the European Renaissance as a multicultural phenomenon.
{"title":"Abner of Burgos: The Missing Link between Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Nicolaus Copernicus?","authors":"Michael Nosonovsky","doi":"10.1163/18750214-12151070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750214-12151070","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The geometrical theorem known as the ‘Tusi couple’ was first discovered by Persian astronomer Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274). The Tusi couple was believed to be discovered for Europeans by Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) and it played an important role in the development of his planetary system. It has been suggested by Willy Hartner, that Copernicus borrowed it from al-Tusi, however, a particular way of transmission is not known. In this article I show that Spanish-Jewish author Abner of Burgos (1270–1340) was familiar with the Tusi couple and followed Tusi’s notation in his diagrams. This may provide a missing link in the transmission of the Muslim astronomic knowledge to Europe and advance our understanding of the European Renaissance as a multicultural phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":40667,"journal":{"name":"Zutot","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18750214-12151070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48464421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-14DOI: 10.1163/18750214-12151078
David Guedj
This article looks into the one-of-a-kind encounter between the inter-diasporic Jewish corporation Jewish Cultural Reconstruction (JCR), and the Alliance Israélite Universelle’s (AIU) Hebrew teachers’ seminary in Casablanca, an encounter that studies into JCR’s history have all but failed to cite. Nevertheless, Morocco’s case is of considerable significance, Morocco being the only Islamic country where the Jewish community managed to obtain books from JCR. This unique case warrants a review into what facilitated the encounter between the seminary and the corporation, and an examination in light of broader historic processes that took place as part of the Moroccan Jewish relations with other diasporic Jews.
{"title":"The Distribution of Heirless Books to Morocco by the Jewish Cultural Reconstruction, Inc.","authors":"David Guedj","doi":"10.1163/18750214-12151078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750214-12151078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article looks into the one-of-a-kind encounter between the inter-diasporic Jewish corporation Jewish Cultural Reconstruction (JCR), and the Alliance Israélite Universelle’s (AIU) Hebrew teachers’ seminary in Casablanca, an encounter that studies into JCR’s history have all but failed to cite. Nevertheless, Morocco’s case is of considerable significance, Morocco being the only Islamic country where the Jewish community managed to obtain books from JCR. This unique case warrants a review into what facilitated the encounter between the seminary and the corporation, and an examination in light of broader historic processes that took place as part of the Moroccan Jewish relations with other diasporic Jews.","PeriodicalId":40667,"journal":{"name":"Zutot","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18750214-12151078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41764210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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