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Journal of Behavioral Public Administration最新文献

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Bringing “Behavioral” Fully into Behavioral Public Administration 将“行为”充分引入行为公共管理
Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.61.293
Daniel Banko-Ferran, Leila Bengali, Syon P. Bhanot
Behavioral economics is an increasingly influential field across the social sciences, including public administration. But while some behavioral economics ideas have spread rapidly in public administration research, we argue that a broader range of behavioral economics concepts can and should be applied. We begin by outlining some central models and concepts from behavioral economics to fix ideas, including the rational model and the “behavioral” response. We then discuss how a variety of heretofore underutilized behavioral economics concepts can be applied to a specific area of work in public administration – bureaucratic decision making. Our aim in doing so is two-fold. First, we hope to provide fresh food for thought for researchers and practitioners working in the broader behavioral public administration space. Second, we hope to demonstrate that there is substantial scope for expanding behavioral economics’ influence on public administration research.
行为经济学在包括公共管理在内的社会科学领域的影响力越来越大。但是,虽然一些行为经济学思想在公共行政研究中迅速传播,但我们认为,可以而且应该应用更广泛的行为经济学概念。首先,我们概述了一些行为经济学的核心模型和概念,包括理性模型和“行为”反应。然后,我们讨论如何将各种迄今为止未充分利用的行为经济学概念应用于公共行政的特定工作领域-官僚决策。我们这样做的目的是双重的。首先,我们希望为在更广阔的行为公共管理领域工作的研究者和实践者提供新鲜的思想食粮。其次,我们希望证明行为经济学对公共行政研究的影响有很大的扩展空间。
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引用次数: 0
Administrative Informatics 行政信息
Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.61.330
Michael Overton Overton, Stephen W. Kleinschmit, M. Feeney, Federica Fusi, N. Hart, Spiro Maroulis, K. Schwoerer, Eric Stokan, Herchel Thomas, Samuel Workman
The purpose of this roundtable is to present, argue, and evaluate the role of administrative informatics in behavioral public administration. This essay is broken up into three sections. The first section introduces the substantive focus of administrative informatics and how it can be studied. The second section introduces the central concepts required to establish a new approach to scientific knowledge production. The final section provides a short overview of the contributions of the roundtable and nests them within the arguments established in this essay.
本次圆桌会议的目的是介绍、论证和评估行政信息学在行为公共行政中的作用。这篇文章分为三个部分。第一部分介绍了行政信息学的实质重点以及如何对其进行研究。第二部分介绍了建立科学知识生产新途径所需的核心概念。最后一节简要概述了圆桌会议的贡献,并将其纳入本文所建立的论点中。
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引用次数: 0
Ambiguous COVID-19 Messaging Increases Unsafe Socializing Intentions 模棱两可的COVID-19信息增加了不安全的社交意图
Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.61.299
Vincent Hopkins, Mark Pickup, Scott Matthews
Before and during the vaccine roll out, governments reported surging COVID-19 cases due to unsafe socializing among younger individuals. Officials continue to search for effective ways to encourage safe socializing behaviour within this demographic. However, a key challenge is that public health advice is necessarily nuanced and complex, which can create ambiguity. Appropriate behaviour depends on specific circumstances and public messaging cannot detail every situation. When people confront ambiguity in expert guidance, they may engage in motivated reasoning—that is, people’s underlying motivations may influence how they process information and make decisions. In a pre-registered experiment, we look at the effect of ambiguous public health messaging on people’s inferences regarding the behaviours the government expects them to avoid and intentions to engage in unsafe socializing. We find no evidence of an effect on inferences—that is, people who receive an ambiguous message about COVID-19 make inferences about correct behaviour that are similar to the inferences of those who receive no message. However, we find ambiguous messaging increases unsafe socializing intentions, especially among people aged 18-39 who socialized before the pandemic. Our findings underscore the need for unambiguous communications during public health crises.
在疫苗推出之前和期间,各国政府报告说,由于年轻人之间不安全的社交,COVID-19病例激增。官员们继续寻找有效的方法来鼓励这一人群的安全社交行为。然而,一个关键的挑战是,公共卫生建议必然是微妙和复杂的,这可能造成歧义。适当的行为取决于具体情况,公开信息不能详细说明每一种情况。当人们面对专家指导的模糊性时,他们可能会进行动机推理——也就是说,人们的潜在动机可能会影响他们处理信息和做出决策的方式。在一项预先注册的实验中,我们研究了模棱两可的公共卫生信息对人们对政府希望他们避免的行为和参与不安全社交的意图的推断的影响。我们没有发现任何证据表明对推论有影响,也就是说,收到关于COVID-19的模糊信息的人对正确行为的推论与没有收到信息的人的推论相似。然而,我们发现,模棱两可的信息会增加不安全的社交意图,特别是在大流行前进行社交的18-39岁人群中。我们的发现强调了在公共卫生危机期间进行明确沟通的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting Our Assumptions About the Nature of Man 重新审视我们对人类本性的假设
Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.61.294
Christoffer Florczak
Behavioral public administration was coined as a term to describe a field focused on the psychologically based study of individual level behavior and attitudes with relevance for the public sector. Although it holds important insights on human behavior, the literature on behavioral genetics has so far largely been missing in this field. In this paper, I propose that behavioral genetics is concurrent with the scope of behavioral public administration and that it complements the popular theory of bounded rationality. Next, I outline the logics of the twin studies that underlie much of behavioral genetics, and synthesize relevant existing results both inside and outside public administration that relies on behavioral genetics. Functionally, I arrange these insights as they relate to citizens, employees, and managers and present examples of how gene-environment interactions allow for integration of behavioral public administration and behavioral genetics. I argue that insights from behavioral genetics are needed to maximize explanatory power and avoid biased estimates of the effects of socialization when examining these three groups. I conclude by presenting points for practitioners.
行为公共行政被创造为一个术语,用来描述一个专注于以心理为基础的、与公共部门相关的个人层面行为和态度的研究领域。尽管它对人类行为有着重要的见解,但迄今为止,在这一领域中,关于行为遗传学的文献在很大程度上是缺失的。在本文中,我提出行为遗传学与行为公共管理的范围是并行的,并且它补充了流行的有限理性理论。接下来,我概述了作为行为遗传学基础的双胞胎研究的逻辑,并综合了依赖于行为遗传学的公共行政内外的相关现有结果。从功能上讲,我将这些见解与公民、员工和管理者联系起来,并举例说明基因-环境相互作用如何允许行为公共管理和行为遗传学的整合。我认为,在研究这三个群体时,需要从行为遗传学中获得见解,以最大限度地发挥解释力,避免对社会化影响的偏见估计。最后,我向从业者提出几点建议。
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引用次数: 0
Simon’s Behavior and Waldo’s Public 西蒙的行为和沃尔多的公众
Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.61.297
Zachary Mohr, Jourdan A. Davis
Most research in behavioral public administration (BPA) focuses on the micro or individual level outcomes.  This article argues that BPA should recognize the importance of social interactions as both an outcome of interest and an outcome that can be explored within a BPA framework.  We present the Affect, Behavior, Cognition and Social Interaction (ABCS) model and call on researchers to study not just social interactions from the lens of BPA, but also study the linking mechanisms of affect, behavior, and cognition. We also examine the importance of public for public administration theory, and we discuss advances in research methods that allow BPA to further examine the public through social interactions. In the conclusion, we call on further research of the ABCS model, its limitations, and the need for an expanded research agenda in BPA with a focus on the public and social interactions.
行为公共管理(BPA)的研究大多集中在微观或个人层面的结果。本文认为,BPA应该认识到社会互动的重要性,既是一种利益的结果,也是一种可以在BPA框架内探索的结果。我们提出了情感、行为、认知和社会互动(ABCS)模型,并呼吁研究者不仅要从双酚a的视角来研究社会互动,还要研究情感、行为和认知的联系机制。我们还研究了公众对公共管理理论的重要性,并讨论了研究方法的进展,使BPA能够通过社会互动进一步研究公众。在结论中,我们呼吁进一步研究ABCS模型,其局限性,以及扩大BPA研究议程的必要性,并将重点放在公众和社会互动上。
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引用次数: 0
Does Administrative Burden Deter Young People? Evidence from Summer Jobs Programs 行政负担吓退了年轻人吗?来自暑期工作项目的证据
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.51.300
Syon P. Bhanot, Sara B. Heller
Administrative burden reduces the effectiveness of public social programs by deterring take up among adults, but we know little about the role these burdens play in public programs for young people. This paper uses empirical evidence to assess how different barriers shape adolescents’ take-up of summer jobs programs. In a Philadelphia experiment, we find that reminder emails increased application completion by 1.8 percentage points (12.3 percent), with bigger effects from emphasizing short-term monetary gains. In a non-experimental analysis of Philadelphia and Chicago programs, we show that without individualized support during enrollment, disconnected youth are less likely to participate when offered a slot than their more advantaged peers. However, offering universal personalized support during enrollment makes them as or more likely to participate. These findings suggest administrative burden does constrain the benefits of public spending on youth programs and that reducing burden can increase gains from social programs for young people.
行政负担通过阻止成年人的参与而降低了公共社会项目的有效性,但我们对这些负担在年轻人的公共项目中所起的作用知之甚少。本文采用实证研究的方法来评估不同的障碍对青少年暑期工作的影响。在费城的一项实验中,我们发现提醒邮件使申请完成率提高了1.8个百分点(12.3%),强调短期金钱收益的效果更大。在对费城和芝加哥项目的非实验分析中,我们表明,在入学期间没有个性化的支持,与条件更优越的同龄人相比,脱节的年轻人在获得一个名额时更不可能参与。然而,在注册期间提供普遍的个性化支持使他们更有可能参与。这些发现表明,行政负担确实限制了公共支出在青年项目上的收益,减少负担可以增加年轻人社会项目的收益。
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引用次数: 0
Which Arguments are most Persuasive of the Seriousness of Cartels: An Experimental Study 关于卡特尔的严重性,哪个论点最有说服力:一项实验研究
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.51.277
Peter T. Dijkstra, L. van Stekelenburg
The effectiveness of competition authorities is partly dependent on the public attitude towards cartels. In Dijkstra and Van Stekelenburg (2021), we found that the Dutch public considers cartels to be less serious offenses than comparable economic infringements. If the general public better understands why cartel behavior is bad, it might improve firm compliance and could help in receiving more tip-offs about potential cartels. Competition authorities could attain this by investing in raising the negative attitude of the public towards cartels: we therefore examine which arguments are most persuasive in the Netherlands. The most persuasive arguments are on overpricing, consumer deception, cartel secrecy and conformism. Subsequently, we run an experiment to test which term and line of argumentation are most effective communicating the seriousness of cartels. We find that the term “competition fraud” is more effective in conveying the problematic nature of cartels than the traditional term “cartel”, resulting in a more negative attitude among respondents in this condition. Again, arguments on overpricing are most convincing and result in more negative attitude towards cartels and stronger support for government action than other lines of argumentation.
竞争管理机构的有效性部分取决于公众对卡特尔的态度。在Dijkstra和Van Stekelenburg(2021)中,我们发现荷兰公众认为卡特尔的违法行为不如类似的经济侵权行为严重。如果公众能更好地理解卡特尔行为为什么是不好的,这可能会提高企业的合规性,并有助于收到更多关于潜在卡特尔的举报。竞争当局可以通过投资提高公众对卡特尔的负面态度来实现这一目标:因此,我们研究哪些论点在荷兰最有说服力。最有说服力的论点是定价过高、欺骗消费者、卡特尔保密和墨守成规。随后,我们进行了一项实验,以测试哪种说法和论证方式最有效地传达了卡特尔的严重性。我们发现,“竞争欺诈”一词比传统的“卡特尔”一词更能有效地传达卡特尔的问题性质,导致在这种情况下受访者的态度更为消极。与其他论点相比,关于定价过高的论点最具说服力,并导致对卡特尔的更消极态度和对政府行动的更强烈支持。
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引用次数: 0
Do you consider human behaviour to be stable or malleable? Your answer can influence your preferences for policy instruments 你认为人类的行为是稳定的还是可塑的?你的回答会影响你对政策工具的偏好
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.51.276
Malte Dewies, I. Merkelbach, W. van der Scheer, Kirsten I. M. Rohde, S. Denktaş
Government officials can have a disposition to conceptualise the behaviour of policy target groups as stable, malleable, or something in-between. This paper hypothesizes these conceptualisations to influence preferences for policy instruments: Officials seeing behaviour to be more stable are hypothesised to prefer enforcement when aiming to change behaviour, whereas officials assuming behaviour to be more malleable are hypothesised to prefer information provision and behavioural instruments. Using a survey among local government officials from the Netherlands (N = 717), we tested these hypotheses in the context of compliance with rules to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Results show that officials assuming behaviour to be more stable preferred more enforcement and information provision to change behaviour than officials assuming behaviour to be more malleable. This may suggest that seeing behaviour as more stable leads officials to prefer more government intervention in general. Conceptualisations about the changeableness of behaviour were not related to preferences for behavioural instruments. Implications for government officials are discussed.
政府官员可能倾向于将政策目标群体的行为定义为稳定、可塑或介于两者之间。本文假设这些概念会影响政策工具的偏好:假设看到行为更稳定的官员在旨在改变行为时更倾向于执行,而假设行为更具可塑性的官员更倾向于信息提供和行为工具。通过对荷兰地方政府官员(N = 717)的调查,我们在遵守规则以防止Covid-19传播的背景下测试了这些假设。结果表明,假设行为更稳定的官员比假设行为更具可塑性的官员更倾向于更多的执法和信息提供来改变行为。这可能表明,将行为视为更稳定,通常会导致官员倾向于更多的政府干预。关于行为可变性的概念化与行为工具的偏好无关。讨论了对政府官员的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Behavior and Burdens 行为与负担
Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.51.306
P. Herd, D. Moynihan
The topic of administrative burden is relatively novel, but reflects people’s most common experiences of government: confusion about what is expected of them (learning costs), onerous processes (compliance costs), and associated emotions such as frustration (psychological cost). This symposium applies a behavioral perspective to the topic. We learn, for example, of the role of race and social constructions in people’s beliefs about burdens and their role in social programs. We are given evidence of how burdens restrict access to important public services. Perhaps most usefully, the authors engage with different interventions to find ways to reduce burdens. This ranges from changes in the physical space, to process redesign, to informational nudges. The resulting work provides a broad range of applied empirical insight that shines a light on a pressing area of study.
行政负担的话题相对较新,但反映了人们对政府最常见的经历:对他们的期望感到困惑(学习成本),繁重的流程(遵守成本),以及相关的情绪,如挫折感(心理成本)。本次研讨会将从行为学的角度来探讨这个问题。例如,我们了解到种族和社会结构在人们对负担及其在社会项目中的作用的看法中的作用。我们得到了负担如何限制获得重要公共服务的证据。也许最有用的是,作者采用了不同的干预措施来寻找减轻负担的方法。从物理空间的变化,到流程的重新设计,再到信息的推动。由此产生的工作提供了广泛的应用经验见解,照亮了一个紧迫的研究领域。
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引用次数: 1
The (Missing?) Role of Institutions in Behavioral Public Administration (缺失?)制度在行为公共行政中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.30636/jbpa.51.304
Anthony M. Bertelli, Norma M. Riccucci, Paola Canterelli, M. Cucciniello, C. Grose, P. John, Elizabeth Linos, Anjali Thomas, Martin Williams
Editor’s note. In this roundtable, the contributors discuss the role of institutions (or lack thereof) in behavioral public administration (BPA). In a multidisciplinary discourse, the contributors touch on the many tensions that exist between institutional and behavioral perspectives of public administration. This roundtable is intended to spark additional discourse on the role of institutions in how they parameterize behaviors within or how individual behaviors might, in the aggregate, influence the norms and rules that shape institutions. Here at JBPA, we encourage further dialogue on the role of institutions in behavioral studies and holding work from a macro-, meso-, and micro-lens accountable to each another (Jilke et al., 2019). The editorial team at JBPA is thankful to Herbert Simon Award (Midwest Political Science Association) winners Anthony Bertelli (2020) and Norma Riccucci (2021) for organizing this thoughtful conversation. We hope that the discussion offered in this roundtable will inspire further inquiry from our readers. We encourage thought leaders in the field of public administration and beyond to continue this conversation here at JBPA. Therefore, we are announcing a Call for Papers, in response to this roundtable. Contributing papers can take one of several forms: (1) Research Letters (of no more than 2,000 words), for instance, might provide replications of existing work in BPA where the replications newly account for institutional embeddedness. (2) Perspective and Practices submissions (generally limited to 4,000 words) should be written as thoughtful responses to the discourse below, and (3) Research Articles (up to 8,000 words) can be more thoroughly threshed out theoretical conceits about institutions in BPA. William G. Resh, Editor-in-Chief
编者按。在这个圆桌会议上,贡献者讨论了机构在行为公共管理(BPA)中的作用(或缺乏作用)。在多学科的论述中,作者触及公共行政的制度和行为观点之间存在的许多紧张关系。这次圆桌会议的目的是激发更多的讨论,探讨制度在如何参数化内部行为方面的作用,或者个人行为在总体上如何影响塑造制度的规范和规则。在JBPA,我们鼓励就机构在行为研究中的作用进行进一步对话,并从宏观、中观和微观的角度对彼此负责(Jilke等人,2019)。JBPA的编辑团队感谢赫伯特·西蒙奖(中西部政治科学协会)获奖者安东尼·贝尔泰利(2020年)和诺玛·里奇(2021年)组织了这次深思熟虑的对话。我们希望这次圆桌会议的讨论将激发读者进一步的询问。我们鼓励公共管理领域及其他领域的思想领袖在JBPA继续进行这一对话。因此,作为对这次圆桌会议的回应,我们宣布征稿。投稿论文可以采用以下几种形式之一:(1)研究快报(不超过2000字),例如,可以提供BPA现有工作的复制,其中复制新解释了机构嵌入性。(2)观点和实践的提交(一般限制在4000字以内)应该是对下面论述的深思熟虑的回应,(3)研究文章(最多8000字)可以更彻底地阐述BPA制度的理论构想。威廉·g·雷什,主编
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Behavioral Public Administration
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