Powder Technology最新文献

英文中文

A novel resource recovery strategy: Substituting carbon powder with organic solid waste in the production of zinc-bearing dust sludge metallization pellets 新型资源回收战略：用有机固体废弃物替代碳粉生产含锌尘泥金属化颗粒

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120328

Chunlong Fan , Chengyi Ding , Xuchao Wang , Sheng Xue , Rende Chang , Hongming Long

This study addresses the issues of difficult to treat organic solid waste and significant secondary pollution generated in the current steelmaking process by using the RHF process. Using pyrolytic slag of waste cloth and mill roll sludge produced in steel plants as raw materials, this study explores the feasibility of replacing part of the carbon powder with organic solid waste to produce metallized pellets. The results indicate that this method is feasible. With 12 % carbon addition, a roasting temperature of 1200 °C, a roasting time of 30 min, and a pellet size of 12 mm–14 mm, the metallization rate and de‑zincification rate of the pellets produced with organic solid waste replacing part of the carbon powder are both improved compared to those with full carbon powder. The metallization rate of these pellets can exceed 90 %, and the de‑zincification rate can consistently remain above 99 %.

本研究利用 RHF 工艺解决了目前炼钢过程中产生的难以处理的有机固体废物和严重的二次污染问题。本研究以钢铁厂产生的废布热解渣和轧辊污泥为原料，探讨了用有机固体废弃物替代部分碳粉生产金属化球团的可行性。结果表明，这种方法是可行的。在碳添加量为 12%、焙烧温度为 1200 ℃、焙烧时间为 30 分钟、球团尺寸为 12 mm-14 mm 的条件下，用有机固体废弃物代替部分碳粉生产的球团的金属化率和脱锌率都比用全部碳粉生产的球团有所提高。这些颗粒的金属化率可超过 90%，脱锌率可持续保持在 99% 以上。

引用次数: 0

Explosion mechanism of HMX dust within a tank and its comparative analysis of explosion characteristics with IPN mist 罐内 HMX 粉尘的爆炸机理及其与 IPN 雾爆炸特性的比较分析

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120325

Yixiao Zhang, Huimin Liang, Qi Zhang, Zhuorong An, Rui Liu

This study establishes a numerical model for dust flow and dust cloud explosion, elucidating the mechanisms underlying HMX dust cloud explosions and the variations in explosion parameters concerning concentration and particle size. Furthermore, it compares HMX dust's explosion parameters with IPN mist's. The findings can be a pivotal basis for the design of explosive compositions and accident prevention. As the concentration increases, both the maximum explosion pressure (P_max) and the maximum rate of pressure rise ((dP/dt)_max) of HMX dust undergo significant increases. As the particle size increases, P_max and (dP/dt)_max for HMX dust exhibit no significant variations. When the concentrations of HMX dust and IPN mist are 400 g/m³, there are no significant differences in their P_max and (dP/dt)_max. However, when the concentrations of HMX dust and IPN mist are 100 g/m³, the hazards of IPN mist are higher than those of HMX dust.

本研究建立了粉尘流和粉尘云爆炸的数值模型，阐明了 HMX 粉尘云爆炸的机理以及浓度和粒度等爆炸参数的变化。此外，它还比较了 HMX 粉尘和 IPN 雾的爆炸参数。研究结果可作为爆炸成分设计和事故预防的重要依据。随着浓度的增加，HMX 粉尘的最大爆炸压力（Pmax）和最大压力上升率（(dP/dt)max）都显著增加。随着粒径的增大，HMX 粉尘的最大爆炸压力（Pmax）和最大压力上升率（dP/dt）没有明显变化。当 HMX 粉尘和 IPN 雾的浓度为 400 克/立方米时，它们的 Pmax 和 (dP/dt)max 没有明显差异。不过，当 HMX 粉尘和 IPN 雾的浓度为 100 克/立方米时，IPN 雾的危害高于 HMX 粉尘。

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引用次数: 0

Stepwise oxidation of refractory pyrite using persulfate for efficient leaching of gold and silver by an eco-friendly copper(II)-glycine-thiosulfate system 利用过硫酸盐分步氧化难熔黄铁矿，通过生态友好型铜(II)-甘氨酸-硫代硫酸盐体系高效浸出金银

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120323

Lei Hou , Alejandro López Valdivieso , Aurora Robledo-Cabrera , Nasriddinov Zamoniddin Zainiddinovich , Chunhui Wu , Shaoxian Song , Feifei Jia

Chemical oxidation is a promising pretreatment method for refractory pyrite enclosure to enhance Au/Ag extraction. Here, persulfate was employed for stepwise oxidation of a refractory pyrite concentrate with encapsulated Au/Ag: (i) pyrite oxidation began with heating-activation persulfate, where hydroxyl radical (•OH) acted as the primary oxidative species for fast-dissolving pyrite into Fe ions; (ii) pyrite self-dissolved Fe ions were in-suit used as a moderate activator of persulfate to generate •OH for sustainable oxidizing pyrite at room temperature. Mineralogical studies have confirmed that oxidation of the sulfide enclosure (FeS₂) significantly reduced the particle size of pyrite, accompanied by pores creation and an increase in specific surface area. The variation of microstructure liberated Au and Ag particles to lixiviants for extraction, significantly improving leaching efficiency in an eco-friendly copper(II)-glycine-thiosulfate system to 92.2 % for Au and 88.6 % for Ag, respectively. This work provides a promising process for separating precious metals from refractory pyrite.

化学氧化是一种很有前景的难选黄铁矿围岩预处理方法，可提高金/银的提取率。在此，我们采用过硫酸盐对封装了金/银的难处理黄铁矿精矿进行了分步氧化：(i) 黄铁矿氧化从加热活化过硫酸盐开始，羟基自由基（-OH）作为主要氧化物种，可将黄铁矿快速溶解为铁离子；(ii) 黄铁矿自溶的铁离子可作为过硫酸盐的适度活化剂，以产生-OH，从而在室温下持续氧化黄铁矿。矿物学研究证实，硫化物外壳（FeS2）的氧化作用大大减小了黄铁矿的粒度，同时产生了孔隙，增加了比表面积。微观结构的变化将金和银颗粒释放到萃取用的活化剂中，大大提高了环保型铜（II）-甘氨酸-硫代硫酸盐体系的萃取效率，金和银的萃取效率分别达到 92.2% 和 88.6%。这项工作为从难选冶黄铁矿中分离贵金属提供了一种前景广阔的工艺。

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引用次数: 0

Sacrificial ceramics powders mix for titanium alloys complex shapes production by hybridization of SPS and 3D printing 通过 SPS 和 3D 打印混合技术生产用于钛合金复杂形状的人工陶瓷粉末混合物

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120324

Joseph Le Cloarec , Sylvain Marinel , Claude Estournès , Cendrine Folton , Moukrane Dehmas , Charles Manière

The production of complex shapes via Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is challenging due to intricate die configurations. The “DEFORMINT” approach combines 3D printing with SPS and sacrificial powder to fabricate fully dense shapes. Using the same powder for both the component and sacrificial part avoids distortions, but high costs of titanium alloys like Ti-6Al-4 V are limiting. This study tested a low-cost ceramic powder that mimics Ti-6Al-4 V's behavior, forming a pseudo-isostatic configuration above 1250 K. SPS experiments established a densification model and predicted distortions in a thick cone and a thin, complex turbine blade, showing good correlation with experimental results. The new sacrificial mix does not imply additional deformation and allows the fabrication of turbine blades. The only defect is a 600 μm skin effect at the contact interface.

由于模具结构复杂，通过火花等离子烧结技术（SPS）生产复杂形状的产品具有挑战性。DEFORMINT "方法将三维打印与 SPS 和牺牲粉末相结合，制造出完全致密的形状。部件和牺牲部分使用相同的粉末可避免变形，但钛合金（如 Ti-6Al-4 V）的高成本限制了其应用。SPS 实验建立了一个致密化模型，并预测了一个厚锥体和一个薄而复杂的涡轮叶片的变形情况，显示出与实验结果的良好相关性。新的牺牲混合物不会产生额外的变形，因此可以制造涡轮叶片。唯一的缺陷是接触界面处有 600 μm 的集肤效应。

引用次数: 0

Effects of particle size composition and burden ratio on burden segregation in the blast furnace throat based on DEM 基于 DEM 的粒度组成和炉料比对高炉喉部炉料偏析的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120319

Z.X. Di, B. Yan, B. Cheng, S.N. Wang, C.L. Fan

In blast furnace charging, burden segregation affects the distribution of gas flow and the efficiency of chemical reactions, which in turn impacts the overall efficiency and quality of ironmaking. This work developed a bell-less top charging model based on the DEM to analyze burden segregation at the furnace throat under various particle size compositions, chute inclinations, and burden ratios. The results show that the burden exhibits a ring-like distribution around the furnace throat, with smaller particles concentrated in the inner ring near the center. When particle size difference of the burden is significant, adjusting the proportion of large or small particles has a more pronounced effect on particle size segregation near the center of the blast furnace. The smaller the chute inclination, the more serious the particle size segregation of the burden. Pellet tends to accumulate near the center of the blast furnace, with a segregation index reaching 0.8 in this region. Adjusting the burden ratio has a more pronounced effect on the segregation of sinter. This work provides theoretical support for charging optimization in blast furnace operation.

在高炉装料过程中，炉料偏析会影响煤气流的分布和化学反应的效率，进而影响炼铁的整体效率和质量。这项研究基于 DEM 开发了无料钟炉顶装料模型，以分析在不同粒度组成、溜槽倾斜度和料比条件下炉料在炉喉处的偏析情况。结果表明，炉料在炉喉周围呈环状分布，较小的颗粒集中在靠近中心的内圈。当炉料粒度差异较大时，调整大颗粒或小颗粒的比例对高炉中心附近的粒度偏析有更明显的影响。溜槽倾斜度越小，炉料粒度偏析越严重。球团倾向于堆积在高炉中心附近，该区域的偏析指数达到 0.8。调整炉料比对烧结矿的偏析有更明显的影响。这项工作为高炉操作中的装料优化提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Amorphous silica effects on copper flotation: A kinetic and selectivity investigation 无定形二氧化硅对铜浮选的影响：动力学和选择性研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120327

Lei Wang , Meijun Wang , Yuchao Zou , Xiahui Gui

Amorphous silica has been recently recognized for its adverse effects on copper flotation, but its impact remains poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of varying amorphous silica content on the kinetics and selectivity of copper flotation. Results show a significant reduction in chalcopyrite from approximately 99 % to 86 % with increasing amorphous silica content, attributed to increased pulp viscosity and slowed flotation kinetics. The classical first-order kinetic model provided the best fit for the flotation kinetics data, revealing that higher amorphous silica content prolongs the time required to achieve ultimate recovery. Results also show that amorphous silica deteriorated flotation selectivity and increased gangue recovery via entrainment, with complex variations depending on amorphous silica content. A small amount of amorphous silica was identified to significantly impair flotation kinetics and selectivity, leading to a deterioration in overall flotation performance.

无定形二氧化硅近来被认为对铜浮选有不利影响，但人们对其影响仍知之甚少。本研究调查了不同无定形二氧化硅含量对铜浮选动力学和选择性的影响。结果表明，随着无定形二氧化硅含量的增加，黄铜矿的含量从约 99% 显著下降到 86%，这归因于矿浆粘度的增加和浮选动力学的减慢。经典的一阶动力学模型最适合浮选动力学数据，表明无定形二氧化硅含量越高，实现最终回收所需的时间越长。研究结果还表明，无定形二氧化硅会降低浮选选择性，并通过夹带增加矸石回收率，其复杂变化取决于无定形二氧化硅的含量。少量的无定形二氧化硅会严重影响浮选动力学和选择性，导致整体浮选性能下降。

引用次数: 0

Effect of instantaneous local solid volume fraction on hydrodynamic forces in freely evolving particle suspensions 瞬时局部固体体积分数对自由演化颗粒悬浮液中水动力的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120312

Ze Cao , Danesh K. Tafti

Particle Resolved Simulations (PRS) for freely evolving sphere suspensions at solid volume fractions (

φ

) between 0.1 and 0.4, Reynolds number

(Re)

from 10 to 300 and particle-fluid density ratios

(\frac{ρ_{s}}{ρ_{f}})

of 2, 10 and 100 are used to investigate the effect of Voronoi tessellation based particle local solid volume fraction (

φ_{v})

on particle drag and lateral forces. Findings reveal the instantaneous suspension mean drag force is positively correlated with the variance of

φ_{v}

among particles in the suspension. It is also shown that using the conditioned instantaneous

φ_{v}

of each particle in existing mean drag force correlations can significantly improve the prediction accuracy. Suspension mean lateral force ranges up to 60 % of the drag force while individual particles exhibit values as high as 90 % of the drag force. An instantaneous lateral force correlation is proposed based on suspension-averaged flow variables and

φ_{v}

粒子解析模拟（PRS）适用于固体体积分数（φ）在 0.1 到 0.4 之间、雷诺数 Re 在 10 到 300 之间、粒子-流体密度比 ρsρf 在 2、10 和 100 之间的自由演化球形悬浮液，用于研究基于 Voronoi 网格的粒子局部固体体积分数（φv）对粒子阻力和侧向力的影响。研究结果表明，瞬时悬浮液平均阻力与悬浮液中颗粒间 φv 的方差呈正相关。研究还表明，在现有的平均阻力相关性中使用每个颗粒的条件瞬时φv 可以显著提高预测精度。悬浮液的平均侧向力最高可达阻力的 60%，而单个颗粒的数值则高达阻力的 90%。根据悬浮物平均流动变量和 φv 提出了瞬时侧向力相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of rod-like particle mixing in rotary drums by three machine learning methods based on DEM simulation data 基于 DEM 仿真数据的三种机器学习方法预测旋转滚筒中的棒状颗粒混合情况

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120307

Wencong Wu, Kaicheng Chen, Evangelos Tsotsas

The mixing of non-spherical particles in rotary drums exhibits significant complexity, particularly when density segregation and size segregation occur simultaneously. Three machine learning models: artificial neural network (ANN), extremely randomized trees (ERT), and particle swarm optimized support vector regression (PSO-SVR) were developed to predict the mixing time and mixing degree at the steady mixing state of rod-like particles in rotary drums. The training, validation, and test data for the machine learning models were generated from 121 discrete element method (DEM) simulations with four independent variables: revolution frequency, particle density ratio, particle size ratio, and drum length. All three models predicted the mixing degree accurately with

R^{2}

\geq

0.94. The ERT and PSO-SVR models also predicted the mixing time well with

R^{2}

\geq

0.88. Building machine learning models is hundreds of times faster than running DEM simulations, making these models highly promising for predicting larger-scale simulations with more complex-shaped particles.

非球形颗粒在旋转滚筒中的混合过程非常复杂，尤其是当密度偏析和粒度偏析同时发生时。本研究开发了三种机器学习模型：人工神经网络（ANN）、极随机树（ERT）和粒子群优化支持向量回归（PSO-SVR），用于预测旋转滚筒中棒状颗粒在稳定混合状态下的混合时间和混合程度。机器学习模型的训练、验证和测试数据来自 121 个离散元法（DEM）模拟，其中有四个自变量：旋转频率、颗粒密度比、颗粒尺寸比和转鼓长度。三个模型都能准确预测混合度，R2 ≥ 0.94。ERT 和 PSO-SVR 模型也能很好地预测混合时间，R2 ≥ 0.88。建立机器学习模型的速度比运行 DEM 模拟快数百倍，因此这些模型非常适合预测形状更复杂的粒子的更大规模模拟。

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引用次数: 0

A DEM study on the criteria for particle movement over a granular bed 关于颗粒床上颗粒运动标准的 DEM 研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120315

Xin Yin , Ning Huang , Youxing Chen , Jie Zhang

The collision of a spherical particle onto a granular bed, generating a splash of ejected grains, is a crucial process in the study of wind-blown sand. Previous research has faced challenges in clearly distinguishing between particles in saltation, reptation, and creep motion. This study employs the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to simulate particle trajectories during sand-bed collisions, providing a systematic analysis of the vertical mass concentration profiles and the probability density functions (PDFs) for splash velocity, splash angle, and the number of splashed particles associated with saltation, reptation, and creep particles. Our results reveal that reptation motion predominantly occurs within a vertical height range of 0.064 mm to 8 mm above the surface, creep motion occurs below 0.032 mm, and saltation occurs at heights greater than 8 mm.

球形颗粒碰撞颗粒床，产生喷射颗粒飞溅，是研究风吹砂的一个关键过程。以往的研究在明确区分颗粒的盐化、爬行和蠕动运动方面面临挑战。本研究采用离散元素法（DEM）模拟沙床碰撞过程中的颗粒轨迹，对垂直质量浓度剖面以及与盐化、爬行和蠕变颗粒相关的飞溅速度、飞溅角度和飞溅颗粒数量的概率密度函数（PDF）进行了系统分析。我们的研究结果表明，爬行运动主要发生在离地表 0.064 毫米到 8 毫米的垂直高度范围内，蠕动运动发生在 0.032 毫米以下，盐化运动发生在大于 8 毫米的高度。

引用次数: 0

Internal friction setting depending on the particle shape 根据颗粒形状设置内部摩擦力

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120308

Daniel Gelnar , Lucie Jezerska , Rostislav Prokes , Martin Zidek , Veronika Sykorova , Jiri Zegzulka

Research into the properties of input materials and the setup of equipment for polymer process technology is the first step in any development and innovation. Considering the requirements of reducing energy consumption, time and recyclability of materials, it is desirable to develop a tool for setting the mechanical and physical properties of binary mixtures of plastic granulates. Therefore, a dataset containing the particle size distribution, internal friction angle and spreading angle of eight different polymer granulates and their blends was created. If the internal angle of the material does not suit the technology, there is the possibility to change the technology itself or to modify the material passing through the technology at the input. It is also important to know the dependence of particle shape on internal friction. Based on the measured mixing values of the plastic granules, a dataset was created from which the computer program can draw input data to generate a new mixture setting for the desired friction value. Knowing the ingredient ratios to set the desired friction is the technology of the future. Once the input shape parameters of the individual components in the mixture have been given, the model can also be used in reverse, where in turn an idea of the internal friction angles of the input mixture components can be obtained.

对投入材料的特性和聚合物加工技术设备的设置进行研究，是任何开发和创新的第一步。考虑到减少能源消耗、时间和材料可回收性的要求，最好能开发一种工具，用于设定塑料颗粒二元混合物的机械和物理特性。因此，我们创建了一个数据集，其中包含八种不同聚合物粒料及其混合物的粒度分布、内摩擦角和铺展角。如果材料的内摩擦角与技术不符，就有可能改变技术本身或改变输入时通过技术的材料。了解颗粒形状对内摩擦力的影响也很重要。根据测得的塑料颗粒混合值，创建了一个数据集，计算机程序可以从中提取输入数据，生成新的混合设置，以获得所需的摩擦值。了解配料比例以设定所需的摩擦力是未来的技术发展方向。一旦给出混合物中各个成分的输入形状参数，该模型也可反向使用，从而获得输入混合物成分的内部摩擦角。

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引用次数: 0

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