This paper uses unit record data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey conducted on 7340 individuals. The mapping methodology of Australian creative economy was implemented to extract 455 workers belonging to 27 creative occupations. To compare differentiation of influence of human capital on the creative workers’ hourly wage with the general population’s returns to education and work experience, the quantile and ordinary least squares regressions were used. Results indicate larger wage gap among creative workers than among other working persons. Returns to education and to experience are similar for the creative workforce, while in the general population return to education is three times as large as to experience. The most important finding is that investing in school education is less profitable for creative economy workers than that for other working people. Besides, there is a considerable difference in the profitability of investment in human capital among creative men and women.
{"title":"Creative workers: returns to education and experience. The evidence from Australia","authors":"K. Zawadzki, Monika Wojdyło","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.33","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses unit record data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey conducted on 7340 individuals. The mapping methodology of Australian creative economy was implemented to extract 455 workers belonging to 27 creative occupations. To compare differentiation of influence of human capital on the creative workers’ hourly wage with the general population’s returns to education and work experience, the quantile and ordinary least squares regressions were used. Results indicate larger wage gap among creative workers than among other working persons. Returns to education and to experience are similar for the creative workforce, while in the general population return to education is three times as large as to experience. The most important finding is that investing in school education is less profitable for creative economy workers than that for other working people. Besides, there is a considerable difference in the profitability of investment in human capital among creative men and women.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124739759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The assessment of sustainability in Polish banks","authors":"Bogna Janik","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the paper, the change in the innovation level of the Polish economy over the years 2007-2016 will be presented and a comparison of the innovation level between the Polish economy and those of the EU member states over the years 2010-2016 will be made. The aim of the paper is to find the answer to the question what the reason of the relatively low innovation level of the Polish economy is in comparison with other countries. In 2016, the Polish economy took the fourth place from the last among all the EU member states, reaching the innovation level of less than 55% relative to that of the EU in 2010. In the first part, a measurement of innovation of the Polish economy will be presented. The measurement will use indicators that were described in three different reports of the Central Statistical Office. In the next part, the innovation level of all the EU member states will be described and the innovation level of the Polish economy will be compared with the innovation level of the EU member states’ economies, such as: Sweden (SE), the Czech republic (CZ), Slovenia (SI) Lithuania (LT) and the European Union. The analysis will be made on the basis of data from European Innovation Scoreboard 2017 (EIS). The methodology that was used in EIS is based on OECD Frascati Manual. In the last part of the article, the evaluation of the innovation level of the Polish economy will be completed.
{"title":"Innovation of the Polish economy in comparison with the EU member states","authors":"M. Węglarz","doi":"10.25167/ees.2018.46.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/ees.2018.46.31","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, the change in the innovation level of the Polish economy over the years 2007-2016 will be presented and a comparison of the innovation level between the Polish economy and those of the EU member states over the years 2010-2016 will be made. The aim of the paper is to find the answer to the question what the reason of the relatively low innovation level of the Polish economy is in comparison with other countries. In 2016, the Polish economy took the fourth place from the last among all the EU member states, reaching the innovation level of less than 55% relative to that of the EU in 2010. In the first part, a measurement of innovation of the Polish economy will be presented. The measurement will use indicators that were described in three different reports of the Central Statistical Office. In the next part, the innovation level of all the EU member states will be described and the innovation level of the Polish economy will be compared with the innovation level of the EU member states’ economies, such as: Sweden (SE), the Czech republic (CZ), Slovenia (SI) Lithuania (LT) and the European Union. The analysis will be made on the basis of data from European Innovation Scoreboard 2017 (EIS). The methodology that was used in EIS is based on OECD Frascati Manual. In the last part of the article, the evaluation of the innovation level of the Polish economy will be completed.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129756852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A generational shift is perceived as a significant challenge to organisations, especially in the ongoing changes in contemporary labour market. Four generations meet in the workplace now, while until recently one could talk only about two. Given the growing significance of human capital as a substantial factor of economic growth, the knowledge about individual generations is gaining importance. The aim of this article is to assess the position of particular generations on the labour market in Poland. The statistical analysis was carried out using the individual data of Social Diagnosis 2015 and allows for a quantitative assessment of the working situation of employees from different generations. Basic statistical tests to compare the population, as well as the multifactorial analysis of variance were applied.
{"title":"The situation of generations on the labour market in Poland","authors":"J. Wiktorowicz","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.32","url":null,"abstract":"A generational shift is perceived as a significant challenge to organisations, especially in the ongoing changes in contemporary labour market. Four generations meet in the workplace now, while until recently one could talk only about two. Given the growing significance of human capital as a substantial factor of economic growth, the knowledge about individual generations is gaining importance. The aim of this article is to assess the position of particular generations on the labour market in Poland. The statistical analysis was carried out using the individual data of Social Diagnosis 2015 and allows for a quantitative assessment of the working situation of employees from different generations. Basic statistical tests to compare the population, as well as the multifactorial analysis of variance were applied.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121321219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The bonus-malus system is one of the stages of the ratemaking process in motor liability insurance. The purpose of the work is to discuss the role of the bonus-malus systems in the ratemaking and to present their functions. The article reviews the measures for assessment of the ratemaking function of the bonus-malus systems and attempts to investigate the impact of preventive and marketing functions. These functions fulfil their role under the condition that the insured party is aware of the functioning of the bonus-malus system. It has been hypothesized that the policyholders choosing the insurer do not know the bonus-malus system offered to them and that increasing the knowledge about the functioning of the system intensifies the impact of its preventive function. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of the insurance conditions offered by the insurers on the Polish market (GIT) and a questionnaire survey. Mathematical statistics methods have been used for the analysis. The results of the research confirm the hypothesis that the insured do not know the bonus-malus system while choosing an insurer. This is the effect of not passing enough information to the client. The results allow claiming that even offering brief information about the rules of the functioning of the bonus-malus system improves the awareness of policyholders and increases the impact of the preventive function, which makes it possible to positively verify the second research hypothesis.
{"title":"Functions of the bonus-malus system in the motor third party liability insurance of motor vehicle owners","authors":"A. Szymańska","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.28","url":null,"abstract":"The bonus-malus system is one of the stages of the ratemaking process in motor liability insurance. The purpose of the work is to discuss the role of the bonus-malus systems in the ratemaking and to present their functions. The article reviews the measures for assessment of the ratemaking function of the bonus-malus systems and attempts to investigate the impact of preventive and marketing functions. These functions fulfil their role under the condition that the insured party is aware of the functioning of the bonus-malus system. It has been hypothesized that the policyholders choosing the insurer do not know the bonus-malus system offered to them and that increasing the knowledge about the functioning of the system intensifies the impact of its preventive function. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of the insurance conditions offered by the insurers on the Polish market (GIT) and a questionnaire survey. Mathematical statistics methods have been used for the analysis. The results of the research confirm the hypothesis that the insured do not know the bonus-malus system while choosing an insurer. This is the effect of not passing enough information to the client. The results allow claiming that even offering brief information about the rules of the functioning of the bonus-malus system improves the awareness of policyholders and increases the impact of the preventive function, which makes it possible to positively verify the second research hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"56 75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125810531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of an information society leads to a shift from material civilization towards an invisible civilization which should properly be called an information civilization. The information civilization creates enormous opportunities for society and economy. Internet-based functions, such as teleworking, tele-education or tele-information have their social and economic implications. Goal of the article: The goal of the study is to draw attention to the social consequences of the fast development of the information society with a presentation of selected threats to children and young people in cyberspace. Methodology: The study uses the research method based on the literature analysis of the phenomenon of threats to children and adolescents in cyberspace, results of research conducted among others by the Nobody's Children Foundation and the Central Statistical Office of Poland. Conclusions: Wide perception of the cyberbullying problem is needed as this issue concerns children and young people as well as parents and teachers.
{"title":"Negative aspects of the information society development","authors":"S. Ślusarczyk, K. Wrzesinska","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.29","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an information society leads to a shift from material civilization towards an invisible civilization which should properly be called an information civilization. The information civilization creates enormous opportunities for society and economy. Internet-based functions, such as teleworking, tele-education or tele-information have their social and economic implications. Goal of the article: The goal of the study is to draw attention to the social consequences of the fast development of the information society with a presentation of selected threats to children and young people in cyberspace. Methodology: The study uses the research method based on the literature analysis of the phenomenon of threats to children and adolescents in cyberspace, results of research conducted among others by the Nobody's Children Foundation and the Central Statistical Office of Poland. Conclusions: Wide perception of the cyberbullying problem is needed as this issue concerns children and young people as well as parents and teachers.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133097486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Innovativeness, as the ability to be innovative in regional, national and global environments, is nowadays the indicator of success in business. Due to rapidly changing environment, business units need to take risky measures in the field of new technologies and manufacturing techniques. Therefore, innovative activity of enterprises is supported by economic policies of countries that aim at achieving high level of innovativeness in their economies. There are various forms of instruments targeted at business units and the instruments themselves are available at various levels (a region, a country, the European Union). Enterprise output innovation may indicate varying regional needs for innovative support from the state. The aim of the article is to systematise the available forms of support for Polish enterprises and to assess regional variations in enterprise output innovation. The assessment includes 16 Polish voivodeships. Secondary information sources, such as statistics provided by the Polish Statistical Office and the Government’s reports on entrepreneurship, were used in the article. A review of Polish innovation policy instruments described on the government websites was made in order to systematise the instruments of innovation support. To assess regional output innovation variations (2014-2016), a comparative analysis of indicators such as: innovative enterprises as the share of the total industrial/service enterprises, revenues from sales of new or significantly improved products, was carried out. To define the regions with the structures similar in terms of enterprise output innovation, the agglomerative method of non-linear classification (Ward’s method) was applied. The analyses carried out allow systematising the available instruments of enterprise innovativeness support in terms of their sources of financing as well as their division into legal, financial, institutional and infrastructural instruments. The value of public support for innovative activity, in the light of public statistics, differs across regions. The assessment of enterprise output innovation also shows regional differences that seem to result from spatial aspects of development as well as from the size of public contribution. Recognition of these conditionings may have an impact on their effectiveness, while proposing and applying the instruments of Polish innovative policy.
{"title":"Instruments of support for Polish enterprises’ innovativeness","authors":"P. Nowak","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.19","url":null,"abstract":"Innovativeness, as the ability to be innovative in regional, national and global environments, is nowadays the indicator of success in business. Due to rapidly changing environment, business units need to take risky measures in the field of new technologies and manufacturing techniques. Therefore, innovative activity of enterprises is supported by economic policies of countries that aim at achieving high level of innovativeness in their economies. There are various forms of instruments targeted at business units and the instruments themselves are available at various levels (a region, a country, the European Union). Enterprise output innovation may indicate varying regional needs for innovative support from the state. The aim of the article is to systematise the available forms of support for Polish enterprises and to assess regional variations in enterprise output innovation. The assessment includes 16 Polish voivodeships. Secondary information sources, such as statistics provided by the Polish Statistical Office and the Government’s reports on entrepreneurship, were used in the article. A review of Polish innovation policy instruments described on the government websites was made in order to systematise the instruments of innovation support. To assess regional output innovation variations (2014-2016), a comparative analysis of indicators such as: innovative enterprises as the share of the total industrial/service enterprises, revenues from sales of new or significantly improved products, was carried out. To define the regions with the structures similar in terms of enterprise output innovation, the agglomerative method of non-linear classification (Ward’s method) was applied. The analyses carried out allow systematising the available instruments of enterprise innovativeness support in terms of their sources of financing as well as their division into legal, financial, institutional and infrastructural instruments. The value of public support for innovative activity, in the light of public statistics, differs across regions. The assessment of enterprise output innovation also shows regional differences that seem to result from spatial aspects of development as well as from the size of public contribution. Recognition of these conditionings may have an impact on their effectiveness, while proposing and applying the instruments of Polish innovative policy.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131780781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyses the phenomenon of coopetition in the conditions of a large cluster of companies from the furniture industry in the vicinity of Kępno. It covers a two-stage analysis. The first stage defines the general characteristics of the coopetition potential for the cluster on the basis of the authors’ previous research. In this respect, the methodology of J. Cygler was used. At the second stage, using the case study approach, three companies of different market and assets potential were assessed in detail. The study proved that, when assessing the character of business relations at the level of the furniture production cluster, particular entities can be classified in different categories of use in business practice, covering innovations in coopetition relations.
{"title":"Coopetition in the furniture industry cluster versus competitiveness and innovations of selected companies within the cluster","authors":"J. Kroik, Adam Świda","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.13","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the phenomenon of coopetition in the conditions of a large cluster of companies from the furniture industry in the vicinity of Kępno. It covers a two-stage analysis. The first stage defines the general characteristics of the coopetition potential for the cluster on the basis of the authors’ previous research. In this respect, the methodology of J. Cygler was used. At the second stage, using the case study approach, three companies of different market and assets potential were assessed in detail. The study proved that, when assessing the character of business relations at the level of the furniture production cluster, particular entities can be classified in different categories of use in business practice, covering innovations in coopetition relations.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"303 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116219143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a duration analysis, the time of enterprises functioning, i.e. from the foundation to their liquidation, is represented by a random variable. The basic characteristic functions used for time description include: density function, distribution function, survival function and hazard function. The first one f(t) defines the probability of enterprise liquidation in the period denoted as t, i.e. in ⟨t, t + 1) period of time; the second one F(t) expresses the probability of enterprise persistence from the moment of its establishment to the maximum end of the period denoted as t, end of ⟨0, t) period of time; the third one S(t) defines the probability of enterprise survival for longer than the end of the period denoted as t, end of ⟨0, t) period of time; and the last one h(t) assesses the intensity of the process of enterprise liquidation in the period denoted as t. The article presents theoretical and practical aspects of determining selected distribution parameters of time duration: the mean duration of enterprises and the mean additional duration of enterprises, which are also used for characterizing patterns of companies’ survival. The considerations are supported by calculations of the above-mentioned measures for subsequent cohorts of established enterprises (including the liquidated ones) in Lodzkie Voivodship in the years 2001-2015.
在持续时间分析中，企业运作的时间，即从成立到清算，用一个随机变量来表示。用于时间描述的基本特征函数有:密度函数、分布函数、生存函数和危害函数。第一个f(t)定义了企业在t期间清算的概率，即在⟨t, t + 1)时间段内;第二个F(t)表示企业从成立之日起一直持续到最长期限结束(记为t)的概率，即⟨0,t)期限结束;第三个S(t)定义了企业生存时间长于周期结束的概率，记为t，为⟨0,t)周期结束的时间;最后一个h(t)评估了企业清算过程在t期间的强度。本文从理论和实践方面介绍了确定时间持续时间的选定分布参数:企业的平均持续时间和企业的平均额外持续时间，这两个参数也用于表征公司的生存模式。上述考虑得到了对2001-2015年洛兹基省后续建立企业(包括清算企业)的上述措施的计算的支持。
{"title":"Methods of estimating the mean duration of enterprises and the mean additional duration of enterprises in Lodzkie Voivodship","authors":"A. Mikulec","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.15","url":null,"abstract":"In a duration analysis, the time of enterprises functioning, i.e. from the foundation to their liquidation, is represented by a random variable. The basic characteristic functions used for time description include: density function, distribution function, survival function and hazard function. The first one f(t) defines the probability of enterprise liquidation in the period denoted as t, i.e. in ⟨t, t + 1) period of time; the second one F(t) expresses the probability of enterprise persistence from the moment of its establishment to the maximum end of the period denoted as t, end of ⟨0, t) period of time; the third one S(t) defines the probability of enterprise survival for longer than the end of the period denoted as t, end of ⟨0, t) period of time; and the last one h(t) assesses the intensity of the process of enterprise liquidation in the period denoted as t. The article presents theoretical and practical aspects of determining selected distribution parameters of time duration: the mean duration of enterprises and the mean additional duration of enterprises, which are also used for characterizing patterns of companies’ survival. The considerations are supported by calculations of the above-mentioned measures for subsequent cohorts of established enterprises (including the liquidated ones) in Lodzkie Voivodship in the years 2001-2015.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128375981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apart from having the main job, many people in Poland decide to take additional jobs. There are many potential factors which determine having a second job. These include varied needs of individuals, such as the desire to improve their material status, family situation, or the opportunities arising from human capital. In this study, apart from the aforementioned needs, the features of individuals, such as age, sex, place of residence and the features of the main workplace have been included. Unfortunately, some determinants of the studied phenomenon cannot be clearly observed or are generally unobservable. Hence, the models with unobservable heterogeneity, which were used in this study, are of particular importance in modelling this type of phenomena. The purpose of this paper was to show the demographic profile of a two-job worker. This has been done by the assessment of the impact of selected determinants on having an additional job. Furthermore, the scale of the impact of the studied determinants has been compared in the case of women and men. The study used the Bayesian logistic regression model.
{"title":"An analysis of the determinants behind having an additional job by employees","authors":"Wioletta Grzenda","doi":"10.25167/EES.2018.46.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25167/EES.2018.46.8","url":null,"abstract":"Apart from having the main job, many people in Poland decide to take additional jobs. There are many potential factors which determine having a second job. These include varied needs of individuals, such as the desire to improve their material status, family situation, or the opportunities arising from human capital. In this study, apart from the aforementioned needs, the features of individuals, such as age, sex, place of residence and the features of the main workplace have been included. Unfortunately, some determinants of the studied phenomenon cannot be clearly observed or are generally unobservable. Hence, the models with unobservable heterogeneity, which were used in this study, are of particular importance in modelling this type of phenomena. The purpose of this paper was to show the demographic profile of a two-job worker. This has been done by the assessment of the impact of selected determinants on having an additional job. Furthermore, the scale of the impact of the studied determinants has been compared in the case of women and men. The study used the Bayesian logistic regression model.","PeriodicalId":408153,"journal":{"name":"Economic and Environmental Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133276410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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