The relationship between phenological stage at the first cut and subsequent regrowth rates was studied in six field experiments with timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) under two levels of N application. The field sites were selected to cover a wide range of climatic conditions in Norway. Five weekly yield samplings during the regrowth periods were fitted to an expolinear growth equation to determine initial maximum relative regrowth rates (R m) and maximum regrowth rates (C m). The step from actual to potential rates was accomplished by weighting the obtained rates with a weather index. For both species R m was highest after an initial cut at the early vegetative stage. It was reduced by 50% at jointing, after which there was no change with later cuts. For both species the C m declined sharply with cutting time through the early stages of phenological development, whereas from early heading to anthesis there was no significant change. Compared with timothy, the C m va...
{"title":"Regrowth Rates of Timothy and Meadow Fescue Cut at Five Phenological Stages","authors":"H. Bonesmo, A. Skjelvåg","doi":"10.1080/713782028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713782028","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between phenological stage at the first cut and subsequent regrowth rates was studied in six field experiments with timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) under two levels of N application. The field sites were selected to cover a wide range of climatic conditions in Norway. Five weekly yield samplings during the regrowth periods were fitted to an expolinear growth equation to determine initial maximum relative regrowth rates (R m) and maximum regrowth rates (C m). The step from actual to potential rates was accomplished by weighting the obtained rates with a weather index. For both species R m was highest after an initial cut at the early vegetative stage. It was reduced by 50% at jointing, after which there was no change with later cuts. For both species the C m declined sharply with cutting time through the early stages of phenological development, whereas from early heading to anthesis there was no significant change. Compared with timothy, the C m va...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72970942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential Cadmium Tolerance of Mung Bean and Rice Genotypes in Hydroponic Culture","authors":"G. R. Rout, S. Samantaray, P. Das","doi":"10.1080/713782026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713782026","url":null,"abstract":"High-yielding cultivars of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) were tested for their tolerance to different levels of cadmium (Cd","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"234-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88239564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Methods to promote the rooting of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) stem cuttings were investigated, including (1) the optimum time (April-August) for collecting cuttings of the commercial cultivar Sanna, and (2) three different environments: heated greenhouse (18°C), and outdoor plastic tunnels with and without bottom heat. Considerable variation in the effect of collection time was obtained between years. The highest rooting percentage (90%), including all environments determined after 30 days, occurred in 1993 on plant material collected early in the season. In 1994 material collected later rooted better. Overall rooting percentage was higher in the outdoor plastic tunnels than in the greenhouse. In tunnels, rooting was improved by bottom heat, which accelerated the rooting process. Softwood cuttings required more time to form roots than did hardwood cuttings.
{"title":"Effects of Collection Time and Environment on the Rooting of Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) Stem Cuttings","authors":"B. Gustavsson","doi":"10.1080/713782030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713782030","url":null,"abstract":"Methods to promote the rooting of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) stem cuttings were investigated, including (1) the optimum time (April-August) for collecting cuttings of the commercial cultivar Sanna, and (2) three different environments: heated greenhouse (18°C), and outdoor plastic tunnels with and without bottom heat. Considerable variation in the effect of collection time was obtained between years. The highest rooting percentage (90%), including all environments determined after 30 days, occurred in 1993 on plant material collected early in the season. In 1994 material collected later rooted better. Overall rooting percentage was higher in the outdoor plastic tunnels than in the greenhouse. In tunnels, rooting was improved by bottom heat, which accelerated the rooting process. Softwood cuttings required more time to form roots than did hardwood cuttings.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"242-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86416443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Composted and anaerobically digested organic household wastes were evaluated as N sources in leek (Allium porrum L.) production in an incubation experiment without plants and in an outdoor frame with plants. Their N-fertilizing values were compared with that of chicken manure. Both experiments were conducted on four soil types (sand, two loams and a clay). After 168 days of incubation the percentage of inorganic N of total N applied was 40-60% for slurry, 15% for compost and 20-30% for chicken manure. Only in treatments with chicken manure was net N mineralization achieved in all four soils at the end of incubation. In the frame experiment, between 5 and 20% of the slurry N, 1% of the compost N and 6% of the chicken manure N was utilized by the above-ground leek crop. Slurry gave 1-20 Mg ha
{"title":"Organic household wastes as a nitrogen source in leek production.","authors":"B. Båth, B. Rämert","doi":"10.1080/713782027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713782027","url":null,"abstract":"Composted and anaerobically digested organic household wastes were evaluated as N sources in leek (Allium porrum L.) production in an incubation experiment without plants and in an outdoor frame with plants. Their N-fertilizing values were compared with that of chicken manure. Both experiments were conducted on four soil types (sand, two loams and a clay). After 168 days of incubation the percentage of inorganic N of total N applied was 40-60% for slurry, 15% for compost and 20-30% for chicken manure. Only in treatments with chicken manure was net N mineralization achieved in all four soils at the end of incubation. In the frame experiment, between 5 and 20% of the slurry N, 1% of the compost N and 6% of the chicken manure N was utilized by the above-ground leek crop. Slurry gave 1-20 Mg ha","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"201-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84345934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The occurrence of Mycocentrospora acerina conidia in the air, in or close to carrot plots, was examined by the use of volumetric spore traps at three locations, in connection with crop-rotation experiments in Norway. The traps were operated during the late summers of 1985-1987 and in 1995. At two locations, M. acerina conidia were recorded on a limited number of days. Only a few conidia were trapped outside the plot. At one of the locations, no conidia were observed. The highest conidial record, 47 conida per m3 air, was observed inside the carrot plot, during 1 h in September 1985 at one location. Only one or two conida were trapped on most of the other days. The conidial records in relation to climatic parameters are discussed. Aerial spread of M. acerina conidia appears to be insignificant in the climatic conditions of Norway.
{"title":"Records of airborne Mycocentrospora acerina conidia in and near carrot plots.","authors":"A. Hermansen, T. Amundsen","doi":"10.1080/713782025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713782025","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of Mycocentrospora acerina conidia in the air, in or close to carrot plots, was examined by the use of volumetric spore traps at three locations, in connection with crop-rotation experiments in Norway. The traps were operated during the late summers of 1985-1987 and in 1995. At two locations, M. acerina conidia were recorded on a limited number of days. Only a few conidia were trapped outside the plot. At one of the locations, no conidia were observed. The highest conidial record, 47 conida per m3 air, was observed inside the carrot plot, during 1 h in September 1985 at one location. Only one or two conida were trapped on most of the other days. The conidial records in relation to climatic parameters are discussed. Aerial spread of M. acerina conidia appears to be insignificant in the climatic conditions of Norway.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"294 1","pages":"258-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87198759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09064719909362515
H. Daugaard
{"title":"Effect of plant density and cultivar on the labour requirements in apples","authors":"H. Daugaard","doi":"10.1080/09064719909362515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719909362515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"189-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91141134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09064719909362508
M. Al-barzinjy, O. Stølen, J. Christiansen, J. E. Jensen
Yield/density relationships of two spring cultivars of oilseed rape were investigated under five different plant densities. Densities ranged from 20 to 130 plants m−2. Three response variables, number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant and dry matter per plant, were studied using different regression models to examine their relationship with density. Transformations were used to improve the fit of the models. Pods per plant, seed weight and dry matter per plant decreased as plant density increased. Seed weight and dry matter m−2 responded similarly to varying plant density for the two cultivars. For all response variables, the inverse exponential model gave the best fit to the data, indicating the existence of an optimum density, which was about half the official recommended sowing density.
{"title":"Relationship between plant density and yield for two spring cultivars of oilseed rape (brassica napus l.)","authors":"M. Al-barzinjy, O. Stølen, J. Christiansen, J. E. Jensen","doi":"10.1080/09064719909362508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719909362508","url":null,"abstract":"Yield/density relationships of two spring cultivars of oilseed rape were investigated under five different plant densities. Densities ranged from 20 to 130 plants m−2. Three response variables, number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant and dry matter per plant, were studied using different regression models to examine their relationship with density. Transformations were used to improve the fit of the models. Pods per plant, seed weight and dry matter per plant decreased as plant density increased. Seed weight and dry matter m−2 responded similarly to varying plant density for the two cultivars. For all response variables, the inverse exponential model gave the best fit to the data, indicating the existence of an optimum density, which was about half the official recommended sowing density.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73517711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-01DOI: 10.1080/09064719950135588
B. Hoel
The aim of this study was to assess a quick-test method determining nitrate in basal stem tissue sap for the prediction of nitrogen status in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The nitrate content in plant stem tissue sap collected at Zadoks growth stages GS 31 and GS 49 of winter wheat in 11 annual field trials in south-east Norway in the years 1993-96 was measured with Merckoquant test strips with a Nitracheck Meter. Relationships between NO3 - concentrations and final yields were good within individual trials, but when the results from all trials were pooled, the NO3 - concentration was a poor predictor of final yields. This study suggests that the critical nitrate values required in plant stem sap for sufficient grain protein content for bread-baking quality are 4000 ppm NO3 - at GS 31 and 2000 ppm at GS 49 in situations with a single N application in the spring. In situations with split N applications (25 kg N ha-1 at GS 31 and 25 kg N ha-1 at GS 49 in addition to spring application), 1000 and 500 ...
本研究旨在建立一种快速测定冬小麦基部茎组织液中硝酸盐含量的方法，以预测小麦氮素状况。采用Merckoquant试纸条和Nitracheck仪测定了1993- 1996年挪威东南部11个年度大田试验中冬小麦Zadoks生育期GS 31和GS 49植株茎组织液中硝酸盐的含量。在单个试验中，NO3 -浓度与最终产率之间的关系良好，但当将所有试验的结果汇总时，NO3 -浓度不能很好地预测最终产率。本研究表明，在春季单施氮肥的情况下，为保证面包烘焙品质所需的足够谷物蛋白质含量，植物茎液中所需的临界硝酸盐值为硝态氮(NO3 -)在GS 31和GS 49下分别为4000 ppm和2000 ppm。在分开施氮的情况下(除春季施氮外，GS 31下施25 kg N ha-1, GS 49下施25 kg N ha-1)， 1000和500…
{"title":"Determination of Nitrogen Status in Winter Wheat by Measuring Basal Stem Tissue Sap Nitrate Concentration","authors":"B. Hoel","doi":"10.1080/09064719950135588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719950135588","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess a quick-test method determining nitrate in basal stem tissue sap for the prediction of nitrogen status in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The nitrate content in plant stem tissue sap collected at Zadoks growth stages GS 31 and GS 49 of winter wheat in 11 annual field trials in south-east Norway in the years 1993-96 was measured with Merckoquant test strips with a Nitracheck Meter. Relationships between NO3 - concentrations and final yields were good within individual trials, but when the results from all trials were pooled, the NO3 - concentration was a poor predictor of final yields. This study suggests that the critical nitrate values required in plant stem sap for sufficient grain protein content for bread-baking quality are 4000 ppm NO3 - at GS 31 and 2000 ppm at GS 49 in situations with a single N application in the spring. In situations with split N applications (25 kg N ha-1 at GS 31 and 25 kg N ha-1 at GS 49 in addition to spring application), 1000 and 500 ...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"82-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90763327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-01DOI: 10.1080/09064719950135614
S. L. Hansen
Some of the chemical changes inside the bulb of onions (Allium cepa L.) and the influence of various harvesting criteria on dry matter content and composition were studied during long-term storage. Onion weight, dry matter content, total N and the non-structural carbohydrates, glucose, fructose, sucrose and total fructans were examined. Significant (P<0.05) interseasonal differences were observed in the weight of the onions, dry matter content, glucose and total non-structural carbohydrates. Furthermore, the dry matter content and composition differed inside the onion bulbs depending on the length of the storage period. The stage of maturation at the time of harvest also significantly influenced the weight of the onions, the dry matter content in individual onions and the fructose content.
{"title":"Content and Composition of Dry Matter in Onion (Allium cepa L.) as Influenced by Developmental Stage at Time of Harvest and Long-term Storage","authors":"S. L. Hansen","doi":"10.1080/09064719950135614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719950135614","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the chemical changes inside the bulb of onions (Allium cepa L.) and the influence of various harvesting criteria on dry matter content and composition were studied during long-term storage. Onion weight, dry matter content, total N and the non-structural carbohydrates, glucose, fructose, sucrose and total fructans were examined. Significant (P<0.05) interseasonal differences were observed in the weight of the onions, dry matter content, glucose and total non-structural carbohydrates. Furthermore, the dry matter content and composition differed inside the onion bulbs depending on the length of the storage period. The stage of maturation at the time of harvest also significantly influenced the weight of the onions, the dry matter content in individual onions and the fructose content.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90329626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-01DOI: 10.1080/09064719950135623
U. Kidmose, K. Kaack
Green asparagus spears were blanched for a short or long period by steam, water or microwave in two different systems, and spears were frozen by blast or liquid nitrogen under different conditions. The influence of the process conditions on shear force values (toughness), vitamin C, dietary fibre, chlorophyll and drip loss was investigated. Spears with similar or higher shear force values and lower vitamin C were obtained by microwave blanching than by steam and water. No differences were found in shear force values, vitamin C, chlorophyll and dietary fibre between cryogenic and blast freezing, whereas cryogenic freezing reduced the drip loss significantly. Shear force values increased and vitamin C decreased slightly, whereas dietary fibre and chlorophyll did not change during frozen storage.
{"title":"Changes in Texture and Nutritional Quality of Green Asparagus Spears (Asparagus officinalis L.) during Microwave Blanching and Cryogenic Freezing","authors":"U. Kidmose, K. Kaack","doi":"10.1080/09064719950135623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719950135623","url":null,"abstract":"Green asparagus spears were blanched for a short or long period by steam, water or microwave in two different systems, and spears were frozen by blast or liquid nitrogen under different conditions. The influence of the process conditions on shear force values (toughness), vitamin C, dietary fibre, chlorophyll and drip loss was investigated. Spears with similar or higher shear force values and lower vitamin C were obtained by microwave blanching than by steam and water. No differences were found in shear force values, vitamin C, chlorophyll and dietary fibre between cryogenic and blast freezing, whereas cryogenic freezing reduced the drip loss significantly. Shear force values increased and vitamin C decreased slightly, whereas dietary fibre and chlorophyll did not change during frozen storage.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"122 1","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88013209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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