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Peculiarities of representative authorities functioning in ukraine under conditions of war 乌克兰在战争条件下运作的代议制当局的特殊性
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.48
V. Goshovska, O. Pukhkal, I. Reiterovych, O.S. Mysyshyn, S.O. Serhov
The large-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine has significantly destabilized the processes of functioning of representative authorities in Ukraine and, moreover, has led to destructive changes due to the annexation of the country's territories. The article aims to study the theoretical and applied foundations of peculiarities of functioning of representative institutions in Ukraine, during the war. The methodological basis of the study consists of general and special scientific methods of cognition and economic and legal analysis, in particular: systems analysis, synthesis, abstraction, comparison, analogy, statistical analysis, functional analysis, clustering, cluster analysis (based on the k-means method), correlation and regression analysis, graphical, tabular, generalization and systematization. The results of the theoretical studies carried out allow us to establish a significant impact on the destabilizing factors of the external and internal environment, the most important of which are the military factors. In conclusion, significant imbalances have been revealed in the process of ensuring the implementation of the principles of democracy in the activities of representative institutions.
俄罗斯联邦对乌克兰领土的大规模入侵严重破坏了乌克兰代表当局的运作进程,此外,由于吞并该国领土,导致了破坏性的变化。本文旨在研究战争期间乌克兰代表机构运作特点的理论和应用基础。研究的方法论基础包括一般和特殊的科学认知方法以及经济和法律分析方法,特别是:系统分析、综合、抽象、比较、类比、统计分析、函数分析、聚类、聚类分析(基于k-means方法)、相关和回归分析、图形、表格、,泛化和系统化。所进行的理论研究的结果使我们能够确定对外部和内部环境的不稳定因素的重大影响,其中最重要的是军事因素。最后,在确保在代议制机构的活动中执行民主原则的过程中,出现了严重的不平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Políticas educativas para la enseñanza del inglés en la educación superior de Ecuador 厄瓜多尔高等教育中英语教学的教育政策
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.33
José Luis Andrade Mendoza, Carina Fernanda Vallejo Barreno, Marjory Estefanía Lechón de la Cruz
The teaching-learning processes of contents and the human capacities that emerge from them on a daily basis are "determined" by the policies, plans and concrete projects that regulate the subject and the teaching of English is no exception; thus, it is the national, regional, local and institutional policies that produce or delay, as the case may be, the conditions of possibility for the achievement of the programmatic objectives of a subject of strategic use such as English. By means of a descriptive, analytical and documented methodology, the objective of this article was to review some educational policies for the teaching of English in higher education in Ecuador. The results obtained allow us to conclude that, although educational policies are regularly designed asymmetrically, from a hegemonic institutional center (State, Teachers, University, among others) and imposed in a relatively consensual way to the rest of the actors of the educational process, in the cases known by this research, the successful teaching of English also depends significantly on the creative capacity of the teacher and, even more, on the commitment of the students in the development of their language skills in order to achieve meaningful learning.
内容的教学过程和日常产生的人的能力是由规范该学科的政策、计划和具体项目“决定”的,英语教学也不例外;因此,正是国家、区域、地方和体制政策产生或推迟了实现英语等战略用途科目的方案目标的可能性条件。本文采用描述性、分析性和文献化的方法,回顾了厄瓜多尔高等教育英语教学的一些教育政策。所获得的结果使我们能够得出结论,尽管教育政策经常是不对称设计的,从霸权的制度中心(国家、教师、大学等)开始,并以相对一致的方式强加给教育过程的其他参与者,但在本研究所知的情况下,英语教学的成功也在很大程度上取决于教师的创新能力,更重要的是,取决于学生在发展语言技能以实现有意义的学习方面的承诺。
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引用次数: 0
Theoretical and legal approaches regarding the administrative activities of the public authority in safeguarding rights of persons with disabilities 公共当局在保障残疾人权利方面的行政活动的理论和法律途径
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.44
V. Kondratenko, K. Fomichov, L. Bobrishova, O. Seletskyi, L. Shestak
The purpose of the scientific research was to examine the essence and content of the modern human-centered concept in the theoretical-applied interpretation of management activities of state authorities, in connection with the implementation and protection of fundamental rights and freedoms of persons with systemic disorders of body function. The following research methods were used in the scientific work: systematization, generalization; analysis and synthesis of the developed ideas. Definitely, it is substantiated that significant reform changes in the system of state authorities of Ukraine and changes in the direction of their activities somehow mean the creation of conditions for the construction of a democratic, social and legal state, as well as the guarantee of subjective rights, in particular of persons with disabilities. The conclusions argue the priority of the formation of administrative and legal doctrine, built on the basis of a humanistic ideology that permeates the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the daily life of society as a whole.
这项科学研究的目的是在国家当局管理活动的理论应用解释中,研究与实施和保护身体功能系统性障碍患者的基本权利和自由有关的现代以人为本概念的本质和内容。在科学工作中采用了以下研究方法:系统化、一般化;分析和综合已发展的思想。当然,有证据表明,乌克兰国家当局制度的重大改革变化及其活动方向的变化在某种程度上意味着为建设民主、社会和法治国家创造条件,并保障主观权利,特别是残疾人的主观权利。结论认为,在贯穿于《残疾人权利公约》和整个社会日常生活的人文主义意识形态的基础上,应当优先形成行政和法律理论。
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引用次数: 0
Development of territorial communities’ potential as a factor of socio-ecological development of territories 开发领土社区的潜力,作为领土社会生态发展的一个因素
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.14
V. Rossikhin, Anatoliy Babichev, O. Marukhlenko, O. Kravchuk, Olha Shtykun
The objective of the article was to clarify the concept and classification of the potential of territorial communities; to determine the main indicators of the development of their territorial spaces; to outline the methodology for establishing the socioecological development potential of a particular territorial community and; furthermore, to determine strategic directions for its improvement. The research involved the following methods: economic statistics; BCG matrix; SWOT analysis; graphic methods. As a result of the study, the main statistical indicators related to community development were determined and, similarly, the potential for social-ecological development and the main strategic directions for increasing the potential for social and ecological development were also determined through the use of SWOT analysis. The results of the study can be used by local self-government bodies to increase the potential for social and ecological development and determine strategic directions for its improvement in terms of public policies. Everything allows to conclude that, future research on the topic should be focused on the study of directions of social-ecological development potential in the context of post-war recovery in Ukraine.
该条的目的是澄清领土社区潜力的概念和分类;确定其领土空间发展的主要指标;概述确定某一特定领土社区的社会生态发展潜力的方法;进一步确定其改进的战略方向。研究方法包括:经济统计;BCG矩阵;SWOT分析;图形的方法。研究结果确定了与社区发展相关的主要统计指标,同样,通过SWOT分析确定了社会生态发展潜力和提高社会生态发展潜力的主要战略方向。研究结果可以被地方自治机构用来增加社会和生态发展的潜力,并在公共政策方面确定其改进的战略方向。一切都可以得出这样的结论:关于该专题的未来研究应侧重于研究乌克兰战后复苏背景下社会生态发展潜力的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Principle of application of the judge's internal beliefs under the conditions of international rules of evidence and corruption factors 法官内心信念在国际证据规则条件下的适用原则与腐败因素
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.47
O. Bondarenko, M.C. Utkina, P. Malanchuk, V. Pakhomov, V. Sukhonos
Using an interpretative methodology, the objective of the research was to analyze the most complex and subjective principles of justice: the principle of the judge's internal beliefs at the time of decision making under a system of democratic checks and balances. Definitely, the judiciary is an important element in ensuring the protection of human rights and the legitimacy of the supremacy of the law. The rusting of the judiciary inevitably leads to the gradation of basic constitutional provisions on the essence of the rule of law, as well as fundamental rights and freedoms. The principles of justice play a fundamental role in the administration of justice. The correct construction of the given principles is the key to proper and application of the law in accordance with legal and ethical standards. In this sense, it is concluded that the internal beliefs of the judge as a person authorized to execute justice, must be impartial, objective, consistent and independent. At the same time, the formulation of his "internal beliefs" still allows for subjectivity, since the criteria for the evaluation of evidence by the Court are described without detailing or standardizing the requirements of the judicial process.
使用解释性方法,这项研究的目的是分析最复杂和主观的司法原则:在民主制衡制度下,法官在决策时的内在信念原则。毫无疑问,司法机构是确保保护人权和法律至上的合法性的一个重要因素。司法机构的衰落不可避免地导致关于法治本质以及基本权利和自由的基本宪法条款的分级。司法原则在司法工作中发挥着根本作用。原则的正确构建是法律依据法律标准和道德标准正确适用法律的关键。从这个意义上说,得出的结论是,作为被授权执行司法的人,法官的内在信念必须是公正、客观、一致和独立的。同时,他的“内在信念”的表述仍然允许主观性,因为法院评价证据的标准没有详细说明或使司法程序的要求标准化。
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引用次数: 0
Financial responsibility of the state: a comparative analysis of the European countries’ approaches in peacetime and wartime 国家财政责任:欧洲国家平战对策的比较分析
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.28
A. Barikova, V. Kobko, Volodymyr Nikitin, Y. Kobko, R. Kobko
The aim of the article was to unveil the essence of the financial responsibility of the State within a comparative analysis of the approaches of European countries, in times of peace and war. The complexity of the subject led to the complex application of research methods, in particular: dialectical, systemic, comparative, synergistic, normative and logical analysis, synthesis. The practice of the implementation of State responsibility in some European and Asian countries was studied and it was concluded that it had been established particularly in times of peace. However, it is argued that such experience of public finance could also be useful in the Ukrainian realities of reconstruction and recovery. Ukrainian legal instruments concerning the financial responsibility of the state were also examined and the respective court decisions were researched. Among other things, it is concluded that, the financial liability of the subjects of public administration and their officials or employees is to be understood in terms of compensation of damages for wrongful acts in the form of decisions or actions that led to infringement or disregard of the rights and legitimate interests of the payers.
这篇文章的目的是通过对欧洲国家在和平与战争时期的做法进行比较分析,揭示国家财政责任的本质。学科的复杂性导致了研究方法的复杂应用,特别是:辩证法、系统法、比较法、协同法、规范法和逻辑分析法、综合法。对一些欧洲和亚洲国家履行国家责任的做法进行了研究,得出的结论是,这种做法特别是在和平时期确立的。然而,有人认为,这种公共财政经验也可能对乌克兰重建和恢复的现实有用。还审查了乌克兰关于国家财政责任的法律文书,并研究了各自的法院裁决。除其他外,得出的结论是,公共行政主体及其官员或雇员的经济责任应理解为对以导致侵犯或无视支付人权利和合法利益的决定或行动形式的不法行为的损害赔偿。
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引用次数: 0
The system of political education as an institute for the professionalization of politics 作为政治职业化研究所的政治教育体系
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.43
O. Tkach, O. Batrymenko, Dmytro Tovmash, I. Liashenko, Olena Khylko, M. Khylko
The institutions of political professionalization are: political parties, political education system, political media, institute of representation of group interests, among others. Political education is a powerful tool for the democratization of society and, more specifically, for the professionalization of the political class and political activity in general. This article offers a contribution to the strengthening of the social relevance of political science. It considers the social significance of political science as a matter of (non-)academic professional training and civic education of its graduates. Civic (political) education is teaching people how to live under the conditions of the modern state, how to comply with its laws, but at the same time not to allow the authorities to violate their rights. By reviewing scientific literature the article aimed to identify contradictions in the socio-cultural approach in the training of a specialist, as this has not been systematically studied in the training of a specialist in political science. It is concluded that it is in the educational system where the training of specialists takes place, since the effective recruitment of the political elite is a prerequisite for an effective and strong political system.
政治职业化的制度包括:政党、政治教育体系、政治媒体、集团利益代表机构等。政治教育是社会民主化的有力工具,更具体地说,是政治阶层和一般政治活动专业化的有力工具。本文为加强政治学的社会相关性做出了贡献。它认为政治科学的社会意义在于其毕业生的(非)学术专业培训和公民教育。公民(政治)教育是教导人们如何在现代国家的条件下生活,如何遵守其法律,但同时不允许当局侵犯他们的权利。通过回顾科学文献,本文旨在确定专家培训中社会文化方法的矛盾,因为这在政治科学专家的培训中尚未得到系统的研究。结论是,专家的培训是在教育系统中进行的,因为有效地征聘政治精英是有效和强有力的政治系统的先决条件。
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引用次数: 0
Differences between the service in the national police and military service of law and order 国家警察服务和军队服务之间的法律和秩序的区别
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.26
Andrii Ivanytsia, Oleksandr Yunin, A.Ye. Fomenko, M. Loshytskyi, S. Shevchenko
By combining the dialectical and systemic structural method, the purpose of the article was to determine the peculiarities in the differences between the service in the National Police of Ukraine and the Military Public Order Service. As for their practical significance, there are three main types of service: civilian, militarized and specialized. It is shown that the service of the National Police of Ukraine, like the Military Public Order Service, is a militarized state service, but the Military Public Order Service is purely military and the service of the National Police of Ukraine is "paramilitary"; although both institutions perform relatively similar law enforcement functions and tasks. The research assessed the international experience of police and military institutions. It is concluded that, among the ways to improve the current administrative and legal support for the regulation of social relations in the sphere of law enforcement service and, order in the army, in the territories where war hostilities are actively developing, the institute of civilian service should be realized on the issue of differentiation of types of service, namely: the division into civilian and militarized.
本文的目的是通过结合辩证和系统的结构方法,确定乌克兰国家警察和军事公共秩序服务之间差异的特点。就其实际意义而言,主要有三种服务类型:民用、军事化和专业化。结果表明,乌克兰国家警察的服务与军事公共秩序服务一样,是一种军事化的国家服务,但军事公共秩序是纯粹的军事服务,乌克兰国家警的服务是“准军事”服务;尽管这两个机构执行的执法职能和任务相对相似。该研究评估了警察和军事机构的国际经验。结论是,在目前加强行政和法律支持以规范执法服务领域的社会关系以及在战争敌对行动正在积极发展的领土上的军队秩序的方法中,应在服务类型的区别问题上建立公务员制度,即:分为平民化和军事化。
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引用次数: 0
The role of the USA in the Western Europe’s security policy making 美国在西欧安全政策制定中的作用
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.27
Alina Korniienko
The article aimed to determine the role and place of the United States as a key factor influencing the definition of Western European security policy, in the context of existing threats. The research methodology was based on the determination of the general geopolitical situation in the countries of the European Union EU and the United States, a comprehensive analysis of existing risks, a graphical analysis of the total defense costs, an analysis of the main approaches to the security policy of the European Union, with a view to the influence of the United States. Everything indicates that the U.S. is basing its position on the construction of an autonomous system to ensure the defense capability of the European Union. It is concluded on the need to strengthen the EU security implementation system based on the expansion of military potential will enhance the capabilities of NATO, which will allow the U.S., radically respond to other global threats.
这篇文章旨在确定在现有威胁的背景下,美国作为影响西欧安全政策定义的关键因素的作用和地位。研究方法基于对欧盟和美国国家总体地缘政治形势的确定,对现有风险的全面分析,对总国防成本的图形分析,对欧盟安全政策的主要方法的分析,以期了解美国的影响。一切都表明,美国的立场是建立在一个自主系统的基础上,以确保欧盟的防御能力。它得出的结论是,有必要在扩大军事潜力的基础上加强欧盟安全执行系统,这将增强北约的能力,使美国能够从根本上应对其他全球威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Reflexión política de la competitividad en los emprendimientos de Ecuador: Una mirada retrospectiva hasta la actualidad 厄瓜多尔企业竞争力的政治反思:回顾至今
IF 0.7 Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.46398/cuestpol.4177.31
Marcia Fabiola Jaramillo Paredes, Fernando Torres Granadillo, Oscar Mauricio Romero Hidalgo, Martha Cecilia Aguirre Benalcázar
This paper was oriented to analyze the influence of competitiveness in Ecuadorian enterprises from a political perspective. Competitiveness is a strategic variable for companies in the sense of achieving transcendence in the market, for which it is important to stimulate innovation, which in the case of entrepreneurship is a key element against competitors. The methodology of this research was based on a non-experimental design of exploratory type and bibliographic foundation of specialized sources in areas of the business context, and the PESTEL analysis was also applied. A sample of 130 entrepreneurs from the rural area of the province of El Oro, Ecuador was used. The research findings allow us to conclude that the difficult economic situation of the country as a result of the pandemic has led to a climate of instability in the competitiveness of enterprises, as they are consecrated by offering repetitive proposals with scenarios that are not very promising for their transcendence over time, despite the fact that entrepreneurs are aware of the importance of applying a policy of appropriate mechanisms for managing their businesses.
本文旨在从政治角度分析厄瓜多尔企业竞争力的影响。竞争力是企业在市场上实现超越的一个战略变量,因此激励创新很重要,而在创业的情况下,创新是对抗竞争对手的关键因素。本研究的方法论基于探索型的非实验性设计和商业背景领域专业来源的书目基础,并应用了PESTEL分析。使用了来自厄瓜多尔埃尔奥罗省农村地区的130名企业家的样本。研究结果使我们能够得出结论,该国因疫情而面临的困难经济形势导致了企业竞争力的不稳定气氛,因为它们通过提供重复的提案而神圣化,这些提案的场景不太有希望随着时间的推移而超越,尽管企业家们意识到应用适当机制的政策来管理他们的企业的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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Cuestiones Politicas
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