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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE INTERACTION OF BORED PILES WITH HARD CLAY SOILS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAKHTA CENTER 拉赫塔中心施工过程中钻孔灌注桩与硬粘土相互作用试验研究
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-16-20
O. Shulyat’ev, S. Shulyat'ev, L. Stavnitser, Vyacheslav Orehov
The article presents the results of testing bored piles with a diameter of 2 meters and a length of 55 and 65 meters during the construction of the Lakhta Center tower. The tests were carried out with a bidirectional load using lowering jacks. As a result of the tests, it was found that the resistance of the soil both along the side surface and along the lower end. The resistance along the lower end is on average no more than 10% (when moving 40 mm) of the resistance along the side surface, has a large spread and may not be taken into account in the margin of reliability when calculating. It is also found that the soil deformation modulus determined by reverse calculations based on the results of pile testing is 2...3 times higher than the values determined during standard soil tests, and the soil shear resistance calculated according to SNiP 24.13330.2016 is several times higher than the experimental values. In this regard, it is proposed to determine it taking into account the Coulomb-Mohr dependence, taking into account the over-compaction of the soil.
本文介绍了拉赫塔中心塔施工中直径2米、长度55米和65米钻孔灌注桩的试验结果。测试是在双向载荷下进行的,使用了降低千斤顶。试验结果表明,沿侧表面和下端土的阻力均有显著的变化。下端阻力平均不大于边面阻力的10%(移动40mm时),分布较大,计算可靠性裕度时可不予考虑。根据试桩结果反算得到的土体变形模量为2。比标准土试验测定值高3倍,根据SNiP 24.13330.2016计算的土抗剪强度比试验值高数倍。在这方面,建议考虑库仑-莫尔依赖关系,考虑土壤的过度压实来确定它。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE HEAT RESISTANCE OF SELF-HARDENING SLAG-ALKALINE AERATED CONCRETE 提高自硬渣碱加气混凝土耐热性措施的研究
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-36-40
S. Evtushenko, G. Skibin, A. Avakyan, K. Procenko
The work is devoted to the development of heat-resistant aerated concrete of increased heat resistance, which hardens quickly as a result of a thermal reaction, with an application temperature of up to 550 ° C for insulation and repair work in monolithic and prefabricated versions.
这项工作致力于开发耐热加气混凝土,增加了耐热性,由于热反应而迅速硬化,应用温度高达550°C,用于整体和预制版本的绝缘和修复工作。
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引用次数: 0
MULTI-CRITERIA PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES MODELING IN REPAIR AND CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION 多准则性能分析介绍维修施工生产中的信息技术建模
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-91-95
E. Korol, I.F. Drepalov
The article is devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of the introduction of information modeling technologies in repair and construction production using a multi-criteria analysis based on the above criteria. The evaluation uses the method of determining the weights of criteria and estimates of results – the method of matrices of paired comparisons.
本文致力于利用基于上述标准的多标准分析来评估在维修和建筑生产中引入信息建模技术的有效性。评估使用确定标准权重和结果估计的方法-配对比较矩阵的方法。
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引用次数: 1
IMPROVEMENT OF THE PRESCHOOL EDUCATION BUILDING 完善学前教育建设
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-111-115
Lyudmila Artyuhova
The article considers the issues of examination of a pre-school educational organization for 160 places, identification of its technical condition, overhaul and improvement of a better living environment for the younger generation.
本文对160个学前班教育机构的考核、技术条件的鉴定、整改和为年轻一代创造更好的生活环境等问题进行了探讨。
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引用次数: 0
New IT technologies in construction: a wide range of applications 建设信息化新技术:应用范围广
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-76-80
A. Konikov
Currently, a new generation of IT technologies has appeared: cloud computing, intelligent computing, the Internet of things, big data, etc. Many solutions are built on the basis of the Internet, moreover, their implementation required the development of a new Internet protocol IPv6 - to expand the address of the previous version of IPv4. Some of the solutions relate to modern telecommunications: wireless communication channels, modern versions of wi-fi, wireless sensor networks. The list goes on, it is constantly updated and expanding. A number of solutions related to new IT technologies are used in the construction industry, it is necessary to comprehend the accumulated experience, others are clearly not used enough, it is necessary to assess the possibilities of their implementation. The article conducts a study of new IT technologies from the point of view of the possibility of their use in the construction industry.
当前,新一代IT技术已经出现:云计算、智能计算、物联网、大数据等。许多解决方案都是建立在互联网的基础上,而且,它们的实现需要开发一个新的互联网协议IPv6 -扩展以前版本的IPv4地址。其中一些解决方案与现代电信有关:无线通信通道、现代版本的wi-fi、无线传感器网络。这个名单还在继续,它在不断地更新和扩展。许多与新IT技术相关的解决方案在建筑行业中使用,有必要了解积累的经验,其他的显然没有使用足够,有必要评估其实施的可能性。本文从新IT技术在建筑行业应用的可能性的角度对其进行了研究。
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引用次数: 0
AUTOMATION OF THE CALCULATION OF HEAT LOSS THROUGH HORIZONTAL EXTERNAL ENCLOSING STRUCTURES WITH THE BREAKDOWN OF THE FLOOR OF THE ROOM INTO ZONES 自动计算通过水平外部封闭结构的热损失,并将房间的地板划分为区域
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-86-90
Elena Kitayceva, Irina Razmanova
Introduction: The calculation of heat loss of the room is a mandatory part of any project. Most of the information required for calculations is present in the building information model and can be extracted from it automatically. An example that requires the transformation of digital model information is the task of constructing room zones when calculating heat loss through the floor. Existing software products do not have modules that allow you to automatically calculate the heat loss of a room, including through the floor, breaking it down into zones. The object displacement functions built into the software products are not intended for constructing floor zones and cannot be used as a component of the developed module. These reasons determine the need to develop an algorithm for constructing zones that are necessary for calculating heat loss through the floor, and its implementation. Materials and methods: An algorithm for the formation of floor zones of a room is presented. The algorithm allows you to build zones for placing an arbitrary layout. Results: A plug-in for Autodesk Revit, which implements the proposed algorithm, was tested on the calculation of heat losses in the rooms of the technical floor of the building. As a result of the experiment, a reduction in the time required for the preparation of the initial information and for the calculation, from 4 hours to 2 minutes, was revealed. Conclusions: The developed software module, designed to calculate the heat loss of premises through the floor of premises, broken down into zones, is a step in the development of software products that use a digital building model as initial information.
介绍:房间热损失的计算是任何项目的强制性部分。计算所需的大部分信息都存在于建筑信息模型中,并且可以自动从中提取。需要转换数字模型信息的一个例子是在计算通过地板的热损失时构建房间区域的任务。现有的软件产品没有模块允许你自动计算房间的热量损失,包括通过地板,将其划分为区域。软件产品中内置的对象位移函数不用于构建楼层区域,不能用作已开发模块的组件。这些原因决定了需要开发一种算法来构建用于计算通过地板的热损失所需的区域,并将其实施。材料和方法:提出了一种房间楼层区域形成的算法。该算法允许您构建用于放置任意布局的区域。结果:在Autodesk Revit插件中实现了所提出的算法,并对该建筑技术楼层房间的热损失计算进行了测试。实验结果显示,准备初始信息和计算所需的时间从4小时减少到2分钟。结论:开发的软件模块旨在通过房屋地板计算房屋的热量损失,并将其分解为区域,这是使用数字建筑模型作为初始信息的软件产品开发的一步。
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引用次数: 0
DETERMINATION OF THE SCOPE FOR AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE DESRING CAPACITY OF THE PLASTIC SYSTEM "REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATION – SOIL BASE" 塑性体系“钢筋混凝土地基-土基”设计承载力计算改进方法范围的确定
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-31-35
M. Matvienko, A.P. Tapilina
The article proposes a method for calculating the bearing capacity of the foundation together with the soil base, where the reinforcement of the slab part of the foundation is calculated, in which the destruction by bending and punching occurs at the same ultimate load, taking into account the strength characteristics of the soil base and the non-uniformity of the contact stress diagram. For this method, calculations were carried out for various types of soils and the scope of its application was determined.
本文提出了一种考虑地基强度特性和接触应力图不均匀性,计算基础板部分配筋,在相同极限荷载下发生弯曲和冲孔破坏的基础与地基共同承载力计算方法。对该方法进行了各种类型土壤的计算,确定了其适用范围。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR DETERMINING THE KINIMATIC PARAMETERS OF THE REACTANCE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES FROM DYNAMIC INFLUENCES UDC 开发了一种从动态影响中确定建筑物和结构电抗动力学参数的算法
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2022-10-4-56-60
V. Kulikov
A priori, both buildings and structures under construction and in operation throughout all life cycles are subjected to various external and internal static, dynamic and other types of impacts. Wind loads play a special role and share of dynamic impacts, the force effect of which, their modules, impact lines and application points are difficult to predict. Nevertheless, such impacts obviously cause kinematic movements with complex trajectories of individual components of buildings and structures, their individual structural elements with different amplitude and frequency. The paper develops an algorithm for finding the kinematic parameters of these structural elements, their speeds and accelerations, which can subsequently be used in digital "BIM" models of buildings. Conceptually, the buildings and structures under consideration were virtually subjected to horizontal high-rise "expansion" during the study by a set of separate material points of the corresponding structural elements in the form of horizontal disks, or separate material points of a set of structural elements performing complex kinematic trajectories as a result of external influences. The algorithm uses definitions given by L. Euler, such as precession angles, nutation angles and angles of proper rotation.
先验地,在整个生命周期中,正在建造和运行的建筑物和结构都会受到各种外部和内部静态、动态和其他类型的影响。风荷载在动力冲击中起着特殊的作用和份额,其受力效果、模量、冲击线和作用点难以预测。然而,这种冲击显然会导致建筑物和结构的单个部件的运动轨迹复杂,它们的单个结构单元具有不同的振幅和频率。本文开发了一种算法,用于找到这些结构元素的运动学参数,它们的速度和加速度,这些参数随后可以用于建筑的数字“BIM”模型。从概念上讲,在研究期间,所考虑的建筑物和结构实际上受到水平高层的“扩展”,通过一组相应结构元素的独立材料点以水平圆盘的形式出现,或者由于外部影响而执行复杂的运动轨迹的一组结构元素的独立材料点。该算法采用欧拉给出的旋进角、章动角和自旋角等定义。
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引用次数: 0
BIM-TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING AND DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION CALENDAR PLAN bim技术用于监测和动态调整施工进度计划的实施
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.36622/vstu.2022.56.4.006
E. Gorbaneva, A. Mishchenko
Statement of the problem. The subject of the research is information models of a complete life project in the sector of architecture, design, construction and operation of buildings and structures. The purpose of the study is to build a model that implements the forecasting of the progress of the calendar plan and optimizes management decisions aimed at minimizing the negative consequences of external stochastic impacts. Results. An information model of construction based on a vector description of basic structures and hierarchical construction of derived structures is constructed. All model structures are divided into static and dynamic components. Based on the information model, optimal algorithms for monitoring the implementation of the calendar plan and optimizing management decisions in the conditions of external stochastic influences are formulated. Dynamic indexes are obtained that allow optimizing both strategic and operational management decisions. The optimal monitoring frequency in terms of the cost/return ratio has been determined. The software implementation of the algorithms proposed in the work in the shell of the relational database management system has been performed. Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that in the conditions of external stochastic impacts, information technologies significantly simplify the dynamic monitoring of the implementation of the construction schedule and the development of management decisions. The introduction of a vector description of the information model of the full life cycle into the practice of the construction industry makes it possible to optimize both local models and mechanisms of interaction between project participants.
问题的陈述。本课题的研究对象是建筑与构筑物的建筑、设计、施工和运营领域的完整生命项目信息模型。本研究的目的是建立一个模型来实现日历计划的进度预测,并优化管理决策,以最大限度地减少外部随机影响的负面后果。结果。建立了基于基本结构的向量描述和派生结构的分层构造的构造信息模型。所有的模型结构都分为静态组件和动态组件。在信息模型的基础上,提出了在外部随机影响条件下监测日历计划执行情况和优化管理决策的最优算法。获得动态指标,允许优化战略和运营管理决策。根据成本/收益比确定了最佳监测频率。在关系数据库管理系统的外壳中对工作中提出的算法进行了软件实现。结论。研究结果使我们得出结论,在外部随机影响的条件下,信息技术显著简化了施工进度实施的动态监测和管理决策的制定。将全生命周期信息模型的矢量描述引入建筑业实践,可以优化本地模型和项目参与者之间的互动机制。
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引用次数: 0
ENERGY-EFFICIENT INSULATION SYSTEMS FOR LOW-RISE BUILDINGS 低层建筑节能保温系统
IF 0.2 Q4 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.36622/vstu.2022.56.4.004
A. Zhukov, I. Bessonov, I. Popov, R. Poudel
Statement of the problem. Low-rise construction is characterized by a relatively low cost and a possibility of forming effective insulating structure shells. Frames and massive walls are used as load-bearing structures, it is also possible to use concrete. Taking into account the current realities, the most relevant is the orientation of systems to the use of domestic materials including those capable of functioning effectively in harsh climatic conditions. Results. It was established that the properties of polyethylene foam and products based on it make it possible to recommend this material both in facade and roof insulation systems as well as in those in contact with the ground. It was found out that polyethylene foam causes almost no changes in the properties under freezing conditions down to minus 70 °C and in the range of sign-variable temperatures from -60 to +70 °C. With prolonged contact with water or water-saturated soil, the properties of the material are also stable. Conclusion. The use of rolled polyethylene foam is promising both in terms of the properties of the material itself and in view of the possibility of forming seamless insulating shells. The formation of seamless insulating shells creates practically impenetrable heat-vapor- and water-insulating barriers along the perimeter of the insulated object. The study of the properties of polyethylene foam in various operating conditions and insulation systems was the goal of the research described in the article. Methods approved by domestic standards were adopted as the basis for the research.
问题的陈述。低层建筑的特点是成本相对较低,并且可以形成有效的绝缘结构外壳。框架和巨大的墙壁被用作承重结构,也可以使用混凝土。考虑到目前的现实情况,最重要的是使系统面向使用国内材料,包括那些能够在恶劣气候条件下有效运作的材料。结果。聚乙烯泡沫和基于它的产品的特性使得推荐这种材料用于立面和屋顶绝缘系统以及与地面接触的材料成为可能。研究发现,聚乙烯泡沫塑料在零下70°C的冷冻条件下,以及在-60至+70°C的符号可变温度范围内,其性能几乎没有变化。随着与水或水饱和土壤的长时间接触,材料的性能也很稳定。结论。无论是从材料本身的特性还是从形成无缝绝缘外壳的可能性来看,轧制聚乙烯泡沫的使用都是有希望的。无缝绝缘外壳的形成沿着绝缘物体的周长创造了几乎无法穿透的热、蒸汽和水绝缘屏障。研究聚乙烯泡沫塑料在各种操作条件和绝缘系统下的性能是本文研究的目标。采用国内标准认可的方法作为研究依据。
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引用次数: 0
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Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture
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