Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365302
M. Jung, B. Schunemann, G. Wollmann
For autonomous high voltage loads very compact high voltage generators are needed. Several technologies have been investigated in the past, starting from magnetic flux compression generators, up to Marx generators and tesla transformators. A new approach is to use piezo technology and a compact mechanical pressure generator. The main advantage in mechanical pressure generation is the possibility to store the needed energy in chemical propellants with highest energy density. It is, therefore, possible to reduce the size of the main energy source. The Piezo elements itself are used as a modulator and behave like a loaded capacitance with which high power pulses of several tens of Megawatts are generated. The paper will describe basic design rules to generate voltages of several 100 Kilovolts on a capacitive load. It covers also the correlation of the output voltage and the pressure close to the depolarization of the single ceramic. The influence of the aging and of the load behaviour on a single element after several 1000 load cycles will be explained. Miniaturized repetitive and single-shot HPEM sources are shown and future prospects of the application are discussed
{"title":"Mechanically Driven Compact High Voltage Generator","authors":"M. Jung, B. Schunemann, G. Wollmann","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365302","url":null,"abstract":"For autonomous high voltage loads very compact high voltage generators are needed. Several technologies have been investigated in the past, starting from magnetic flux compression generators, up to Marx generators and tesla transformators. A new approach is to use piezo technology and a compact mechanical pressure generator. The main advantage in mechanical pressure generation is the possibility to store the needed energy in chemical propellants with highest energy density. It is, therefore, possible to reduce the size of the main energy source. The Piezo elements itself are used as a modulator and behave like a loaded capacitance with which high power pulses of several tens of Megawatts are generated. The paper will describe basic design rules to generate voltages of several 100 Kilovolts on a capacitive load. It covers also the correlation of the output voltage and the pressure close to the depolarization of the single ceramic. The influence of the aging and of the load behaviour on a single element after several 1000 load cycles will be explained. Miniaturized repetitive and single-shot HPEM sources are shown and future prospects of the application are discussed","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132680122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365254
S. Ihara, M. Tashiro, S. Satoh, C. Yamabe
Recently a compact and lightweight pulsed power generator, which can generate nanosecond scale high voltage pulse at high repetition rate is required for application of nonthermal discharge at atmospheric pressure. An inductive energy storage pulsed power generator with SOS (semiconductor opening switch) has a possibility of realizing the compact and lightweight pulsed power generator. The operation of the inductive energy storage system is divided into to three stages. On the first stage, the energy is stored to the primary energy storage capacitor. A portion of the energy is transferred to the inductor, and stored as an inductive energy. On the second stage, the high voltage pulse is generated by the current interruption of opening switch, and the inductive energy is transferred to the load. On the third stage, the final one, the energy remained at the primary energy storage capacitor, is transferred to the load after the transferring of inductive energy. In this research, the fundamental characteristics of pulsed power generator are investigated experimentally in concerning about above three stages of operations
{"title":"Fundamental Characteristics of Pulsed Power Generator with SOS Diode","authors":"S. Ihara, M. Tashiro, S. Satoh, C. Yamabe","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365254","url":null,"abstract":"Recently a compact and lightweight pulsed power generator, which can generate nanosecond scale high voltage pulse at high repetition rate is required for application of nonthermal discharge at atmospheric pressure. An inductive energy storage pulsed power generator with SOS (semiconductor opening switch) has a possibility of realizing the compact and lightweight pulsed power generator. The operation of the inductive energy storage system is divided into to three stages. On the first stage, the energy is stored to the primary energy storage capacitor. A portion of the energy is transferred to the inductor, and stored as an inductive energy. On the second stage, the high voltage pulse is generated by the current interruption of opening switch, and the inductive energy is transferred to the load. On the third stage, the final one, the energy remained at the primary energy storage capacitor, is transferred to the load after the transferring of inductive energy. In this research, the fundamental characteristics of pulsed power generator are investigated experimentally in concerning about above three stages of operations","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134359589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365282
D. Belt, J. Mankowski, A. Neuber, J. Dickens, M. Kristiansen
Helical flux compression generators (HFCG) of a 50 mm form factor have been shown to produce output energies on the order of ten times the seeded value and a typical deposited energy of 3 kJ into a 3 muH inductor. Our previous work with a non-optimized fuse has produced-100 kV into a 15 load, which leads into a regime relevant for high power microwave (HPM) systems. It is expected that-300 kV can be achieved with the present 2-stage HFCG driving an inductive storage system with electro-exploding fuse. In order to optimize the electro-explosive wire fuse, we have constructed a non-explosive test bed which simulates the HFCG output with high accuracy. We have designed and implemented a capacitor based, magnetic switching scheme to generate the near exponential rise of the HFCG. The varying inductance approach utilizes 4 stages of inductance change and is based upon a piecewise linear regression model of the HFCG waveform. The non-explosive test bed will provide a more efficient method of component testing and has demonstrated positive initial fuse results
{"title":"A Flux Compression Generator Non-Explosive Test Bed for Explosive Opening Switches","authors":"D. Belt, J. Mankowski, A. Neuber, J. Dickens, M. Kristiansen","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365282","url":null,"abstract":"Helical flux compression generators (HFCG) of a 50 mm form factor have been shown to produce output energies on the order of ten times the seeded value and a typical deposited energy of 3 kJ into a 3 muH inductor. Our previous work with a non-optimized fuse has produced-100 kV into a 15 load, which leads into a regime relevant for high power microwave (HPM) systems. It is expected that-300 kV can be achieved with the present 2-stage HFCG driving an inductive storage system with electro-exploding fuse. In order to optimize the electro-explosive wire fuse, we have constructed a non-explosive test bed which simulates the HFCG output with high accuracy. We have designed and implemented a capacitor based, magnetic switching scheme to generate the near exponential rise of the HFCG. The varying inductance approach utilizes 4 stages of inductance change and is based upon a piecewise linear regression model of the HFCG waveform. The non-explosive test bed will provide a more efficient method of component testing and has demonstrated positive initial fuse results","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134405119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365285
K. Truman, M. Niehaus
In a wide variety of high voltage applications, a triggered spark gap is a critical component for the switching of capacitive energy. Whether it is for the purpose of equipment protection or as a series switch, the destructive nature of this application renders the spark gap a limited lifetime device. System parameters such as stored energy, peak current, and charge transfer can all play a significant role in limiting the lifetime of the spark gap; however, these parameters are often fixed for a specific application, thus setting a limit to the attainable life of the spark gap. The following paper discusses experimental results of a study to increase the operation lifetime of a gas filled sealed trigatron spark gap. Parameters such as electrode spacing, gas pressure, gas mixture, and electrode conditioning were examined to quantify improvements in the lifetime of the spark gap. Testing was performed at 45.5 kV with 10 kJ of stored energy discharged at a rate of 300 discharges per day. Conclusions are made as to the effect each design parameter has on extending the lifetime of the spark gap
{"title":"Development of a Long Life Triggered Spark Gap","authors":"K. Truman, M. Niehaus","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365285","url":null,"abstract":"In a wide variety of high voltage applications, a triggered spark gap is a critical component for the switching of capacitive energy. Whether it is for the purpose of equipment protection or as a series switch, the destructive nature of this application renders the spark gap a limited lifetime device. System parameters such as stored energy, peak current, and charge transfer can all play a significant role in limiting the lifetime of the spark gap; however, these parameters are often fixed for a specific application, thus setting a limit to the attainable life of the spark gap. The following paper discusses experimental results of a study to increase the operation lifetime of a gas filled sealed trigatron spark gap. Parameters such as electrode spacing, gas pressure, gas mixture, and electrode conditioning were examined to quantify improvements in the lifetime of the spark gap. Testing was performed at 45.5 kV with 10 kJ of stored energy discharged at a rate of 300 discharges per day. Conclusions are made as to the effect each design parameter has on extending the lifetime of the spark gap","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129740025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365281
H. Chen, A. Kuthi, C. Jiang, M. Gundersen
We report comparative studies of mini (6.3 mm diameter electrodes) and medium sized (19 mm diameter electrodes) pseudospark and back-lighted thyratron (BLT) switches. Currents greater than 9 kA, and hold-off voltages in excess of 40 kV have been achieved, the highest hold-off occurring in the smaller diameter switch. The switches are optically triggered; we consider here with helium and hydrogen fill. The results suggest that the switches can be optimized for miniaturized high voltage pulse generation, and that smaller switches have potential for compact repetitive pulsed power applications
{"title":"High Voltage, Small Back-lighted Thyratrons","authors":"H. Chen, A. Kuthi, C. Jiang, M. Gundersen","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365281","url":null,"abstract":"We report comparative studies of mini (6.3 mm diameter electrodes) and medium sized (19 mm diameter electrodes) pseudospark and back-lighted thyratron (BLT) switches. Currents greater than 9 kA, and hold-off voltages in excess of 40 kV have been achieved, the highest hold-off occurring in the smaller diameter switch. The switches are optically triggered; we consider here with helium and hydrogen fill. The results suggest that the switches can be optimized for miniaturized high voltage pulse generation, and that smaller switches have potential for compact repetitive pulsed power applications","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132081005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365316
K. Schoenbach, S. Katsuki, H. Akiyama, T. Heeren, J. Kolb, S. Xiao, T. Camp, R. Joshi, C. Osgood, R. Nuccitelli, S. Beebe
The application of nanosecond pulses to biological cells, which has been shown to lead to electroporation of not only the cell membrane, but also the membranes of subcellular structures, has spawned a new field of research: bioelectrics. A new domain of pulsed electric field interactions with cell structures and functions opens up when the pulse duration is reduced to values such that membrane charging becomes negligible, and direct electric field molecule effects determine the biological mechanisms. For mammalian cells, this holds for pulse duration of one nanosecond or less. In addition to entering a new domain of electric field-cell interactions, entering the subnanosecond temporal range will allow us to use wideband antennas, rather than needle or plate electrodes, to generate large pulsed electric fields with reasonable spatial resolution in tissue. In order to study the biological effect of subnanosecond pulses we have developed a sub-ns pulse generator. The generated voltage pulses have 160 kV amplitude, 200 ps rise-time, and 800 ps pulse width, and are delivered to a cylindrical Teflon chamber with polished flat electrodes at either end. Length and diameter of the chamber are 3 and 2 mm, respectively, resulting in a volume of approximately 10 muL. We have started applying subnanosecond pulses to B16 (mouse melanoma) cells. First experiments at extremely high electric fields of 950 kV/cm show that with a relatively small number of pulses, programmed cell death can be initiated
{"title":"Biological Effects of Intense Subnanosecond Electrical Pulses","authors":"K. Schoenbach, S. Katsuki, H. Akiyama, T. Heeren, J. Kolb, S. Xiao, T. Camp, R. Joshi, C. Osgood, R. Nuccitelli, S. Beebe","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365316","url":null,"abstract":"The application of nanosecond pulses to biological cells, which has been shown to lead to electroporation of not only the cell membrane, but also the membranes of subcellular structures, has spawned a new field of research: bioelectrics. A new domain of pulsed electric field interactions with cell structures and functions opens up when the pulse duration is reduced to values such that membrane charging becomes negligible, and direct electric field molecule effects determine the biological mechanisms. For mammalian cells, this holds for pulse duration of one nanosecond or less. In addition to entering a new domain of electric field-cell interactions, entering the subnanosecond temporal range will allow us to use wideband antennas, rather than needle or plate electrodes, to generate large pulsed electric fields with reasonable spatial resolution in tissue. In order to study the biological effect of subnanosecond pulses we have developed a sub-ns pulse generator. The generated voltage pulses have 160 kV amplitude, 200 ps rise-time, and 800 ps pulse width, and are delivered to a cylindrical Teflon chamber with polished flat electrodes at either end. Length and diameter of the chamber are 3 and 2 mm, respectively, resulting in a volume of approximately 10 muL. We have started applying subnanosecond pulses to B16 (mouse melanoma) cells. First experiments at extremely high electric fields of 950 kV/cm show that with a relatively small number of pulses, programmed cell death can be initiated","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365248
N. Shimomura, F. Fukawa, H. Akiyama
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are one of the air pollutants that cause acid rain. While the principal method of NOx treatment is a chemical processing, the treatment using pulsed power has been developed. Non-thermal equilibrium plasma produced with streamer discharge treats the NOx. The treatment using pulsed power is efficient and the cost of the equipment is low. A pulse shortening of pulsed power would not only improve the efficiency of the treatment but decrease the residual substance since higher electric field is applied on the medium without breakdowns. Using the developed nanosecond pulsed power generator, the voltage pulses with nanosecond width are applied on the volume. The efficient treatment of NOx is achieved; however, the preference of proper experimental conditions is difficult. This is because the configuration of reactor processing NOx, as well as the matching between the generator and the reactor are critical in choice. Although the removal ratios have some errors owing to technical problems due to the NOx detector, several characteristics of the treatment become clear. Nevertheless, further experiments are required
{"title":"Treatment of Nitrogen Oxides Using Nanosecond Width Pulsed Power","authors":"N. Shimomura, F. Fukawa, H. Akiyama","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365248","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are one of the air pollutants that cause acid rain. While the principal method of NOx treatment is a chemical processing, the treatment using pulsed power has been developed. Non-thermal equilibrium plasma produced with streamer discharge treats the NOx. The treatment using pulsed power is efficient and the cost of the equipment is low. A pulse shortening of pulsed power would not only improve the efficiency of the treatment but decrease the residual substance since higher electric field is applied on the medium without breakdowns. Using the developed nanosecond pulsed power generator, the voltage pulses with nanosecond width are applied on the volume. The efficient treatment of NOx is achieved; however, the preference of proper experimental conditions is difficult. This is because the configuration of reactor processing NOx, as well as the matching between the generator and the reactor are critical in choice. Although the removal ratios have some errors owing to technical problems due to the NOx detector, several characteristics of the treatment become clear. Nevertheless, further experiments are required","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133625066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365246
S. Glidden, H. Sanders
Marx generators can produce high voltage pulses using multiple identical stages that operate at a fraction of the total output voltage, without the need for a step-up transformer that limits the pulse risetimes and lowers the efficiency of the system. Each Marx stage includes a capacitor or pulse forming network, and a high voltage switch. Typically, these switches are spark gaps resulting in Marx generators with low repetition rates and limited lifetimes. The development of economical, compact, high voltage, high di/dt, and fast turn-on solid-state switches make it easy to build economical, long lifetime, high voltage Marx generators capable of high pulse repetition rates. We have constructed a Marx generator using our 24 kV thyristor based switches, which are capable of conducting 14 kA peak currents with ringing discharges at >25 kA/mus rate of current risetimes. The switches have short turn-on delays, less than 200 ns, low timing jitters, and are triggered by a single 10 V isolated trigger pulse. This paper will include a description of a 4-stage solid-state Marx and triggering system, as well as show data from operation at 15 kV charging voltage. The Marx was used to drive a one-stage argon ion accelerator
{"title":"Solid State Marx Generator","authors":"S. Glidden, H. Sanders","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365246","url":null,"abstract":"Marx generators can produce high voltage pulses using multiple identical stages that operate at a fraction of the total output voltage, without the need for a step-up transformer that limits the pulse risetimes and lowers the efficiency of the system. Each Marx stage includes a capacitor or pulse forming network, and a high voltage switch. Typically, these switches are spark gaps resulting in Marx generators with low repetition rates and limited lifetimes. The development of economical, compact, high voltage, high di/dt, and fast turn-on solid-state switches make it easy to build economical, long lifetime, high voltage Marx generators capable of high pulse repetition rates. We have constructed a Marx generator using our 24 kV thyristor based switches, which are capable of conducting 14 kA peak currents with ringing discharges at >25 kA/mus rate of current risetimes. The switches have short turn-on delays, less than 200 ns, low timing jitters, and are triggered by a single 10 V isolated trigger pulse. This paper will include a description of a 4-stage solid-state Marx and triggering system, as well as show data from operation at 15 kV charging voltage. The Marx was used to drive a one-stage argon ion accelerator","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130141910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365216
K. LeChien, John M. Gahl
An investigation was conducted into factors that effect impedance for a 2.5 MV gas switch. The switch studied was Rimfire, the workhorse gas switch topology for many of Sandia's large accelerators. The geometry of the switch investigated consists of multiple self-break gaps in series with a laser triggered main gap. The switch is situated within a coaxial-like ground return structure. In this geometry there are three avenues that are theoretically possible for reducing switch impedance. They are: 1) increasing the number of parallel current sharing channels (multichanneling), 2) decreasing the ratio of radii of the outer to inner conductors, and/or 3) decreasing the length. It was experimentally determined what effects the first two factors have on switch impedance and the results are presented in this work. It was discovered that multichanneling and radii ratio have substantially lesser effects on impedance, when compared to the theoretical effects of a reduction in switch length. This leaves reduction in length as the only remaining significant viable option for reduction of impedance in megavolt multigap switches, which has substantial consequences for the future design of multigap switches
{"title":"Viable Options for Reducing Impedance in a 2.5 MV Multichanneling, Multigap SF6 Gas Switch","authors":"K. LeChien, John M. Gahl","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365216","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was conducted into factors that effect impedance for a 2.5 MV gas switch. The switch studied was Rimfire, the workhorse gas switch topology for many of Sandia's large accelerators. The geometry of the switch investigated consists of multiple self-break gaps in series with a laser triggered main gap. The switch is situated within a coaxial-like ground return structure. In this geometry there are three avenues that are theoretically possible for reducing switch impedance. They are: 1) increasing the number of parallel current sharing channels (multichanneling), 2) decreasing the ratio of radii of the outer to inner conductors, and/or 3) decreasing the length. It was experimentally determined what effects the first two factors have on switch impedance and the results are presented in this work. It was discovered that multichanneling and radii ratio have substantially lesser effects on impedance, when compared to the theoretical effects of a reduction in switch length. This leaves reduction in length as the only remaining significant viable option for reduction of impedance in megavolt multigap switches, which has substantial consequences for the future design of multigap switches","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132688969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-14DOI: 10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365297
Yaohong Sun, P. Yan, Yongrong Wang, Qiang Liu
A 600 kJ high-power sparker is presented. Its operating principle and structure are introduced, together with its key technology and its characteristics. The sparker is composed mainly of a high-voltage DC power supply, four banks of the energy storage capacitors, three-electrode spark gap switches, and discharging electrodes. The discharging current each group is about 100 kA at 8 kV. Also, the technical parameters are given, and its application in vertical seismic profiling (VSP) logging and cross-well seismic exploration are described briefly, the explored depths is expected to be about 4500 m
介绍了一种600kj大功率火花发生器。介绍了其工作原理、结构、关键技术及特点。火花发生器主要由高压直流电源、四组储能电容器、三极火花间隙开关和放电电极组成。每组放电电流在8kv时约为100ka。给出了技术参数，并简要介绍了其在垂直地震剖面测井和井间地震勘探中的应用，预计勘探深度约为4500 m
{"title":"A High-Power Sparker and Its Applications","authors":"Yaohong Sun, P. Yan, Yongrong Wang, Qiang Liu","doi":"10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MODSYM.2006.365297","url":null,"abstract":"A 600 kJ high-power sparker is presented. Its operating principle and structure are introduced, together with its key technology and its characteristics. The sparker is composed mainly of a high-voltage DC power supply, four banks of the energy storage capacitors, three-electrode spark gap switches, and discharging electrodes. The discharging current each group is about 100 kA at 8 kV. Also, the technical parameters are given, and its application in vertical seismic profiling (VSP) logging and cross-well seismic exploration are described briefly, the explored depths is expected to be about 4500 m","PeriodicalId":410776,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2006 Twenty-Seventh International Power Modulator Symposium","volume":"1978 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132703341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：