A literature review was conducted to summarise on-farm safety and health problems in production agriculture in high-income and low-income countries. Types of studies reviewed included machinery accidents, noise-induced hearing loss, respiratory illnesses, confined area illnesses, pesticide-related illnesses, and ergonomics. The impact of HIV / AIDS on agriculture was also reviewed. This study has shown that, in order to industrialise Ghanaian agriculture, there is the need to comprehensively understand its implications on farmers' safety, health and socio-economic condition.
{"title":"Safety and health in production agriculture: a review and lessons for Ghana","authors":"A. Addo, A. Bart-Plange","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31635","url":null,"abstract":"A literature review was conducted to summarise on-farm safety and health problems in production agriculture in high-income and low-income countries. Types of studies reviewed included machinery accidents, noise-induced hearing loss, respiratory illnesses, confined area illnesses, pesticide-related illnesses, and ergonomics. The impact of HIV / AIDS on agriculture was also reviewed. This study has shown that, in order to industrialise Ghanaian agriculture, there is the need to comprehensively understand its implications on farmers' safety, health and socio-economic condition.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"27 1","pages":"66-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83473420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Road accidents have many negative costs that are regarded as socio-economic costs. Many low-income countries have a serious road accident problem. Nevertheless, the estimation of the national explicit costs of road accidents as well as the implicit value of the accidents is rarely highlighted to policy makers. This article focuses on giving an insight into the challenges of estimating the costs of road accidents in low-income countries where vital registration and relevant statistics concerning road accidents are scarce. The problems of data on the vehicle damage repair costs, victims' medical expenses and administration cost are discussed. A feasible method for costing road accidents in such instances is identified, and the severity and costliness of road accidents in a sub-Saharan African (SSA) country is demonstrated. The analysis shows, among other things, that road accidents erode more than 1.85% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).
{"title":"Costing National Road Accidents With Partially Complete National Data: The Case of Lesotho","authors":"T. Zewotir, D. Maqutu","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31634","url":null,"abstract":"Road accidents have many negative costs that are regarded as socio-economic costs. Many low-income countries have a serious road accident problem. Nevertheless, the estimation of the national explicit costs of road accidents as well as the implicit value of the accidents is rarely highlighted to policy makers. This article focuses on giving an insight into the challenges of estimating the costs of road accidents in low-income countries where vital registration and relevant statistics concerning road accidents are scarce. The problems of data on the vehicle damage repair costs, victims' medical expenses and administration cost are discussed. A feasible method for costing road accidents in such instances is identified, and the severity and costliness of road accidents in a sub-Saharan African (SSA) country is demonstrated. The analysis shows, among other things, that road accidents erode more than 1.85% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"17 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79123553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Home visitation programmes (HVPs) are a moderately effective mechanism for promoting childhood health and, recently, childhood safety. This paper presents the findings of a process evaluation of an HVP focusing on the prevention of childhood unintentional injuries that was implemented in 45 households in four low-income communities in Johannesburg and Cape Town. The aim of the evaluation was to contribute to an understanding of the processes that underpin effective home visitation. A combination of qualitative methods was utilised, namely, individual interviews, focus group discussions and a review of project documentation. The results provide insights into the many potential confounders that can impact on home visitation, such as recipient suspicion, visitor morale and individualised interpretations of protocols across sites. Process evaluations such as this one are invaluable to the contextualisation of an intervention and the identification of best practices.
{"title":"Home visitation: A South African process evaluation","authors":"W. Odendaal, S. Atkins, A. Niekerk, M. Seedat","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31607","url":null,"abstract":"Home visitation programmes (HVPs) are a moderately effective mechanism for promoting childhood \u0000health and, recently, childhood safety. This paper presents the findings of a process evaluation of an \u0000HVP focusing on the prevention of childhood unintentional injuries that was implemented in 45 \u0000households in four low-income communities in Johannesburg and Cape Town. The aim of the \u0000evaluation was to contribute to an understanding of the processes that underpin effective home \u0000visitation. A combination of qualitative methods was utilised, namely, individual interviews, focus group \u0000discussions and a review of project documentation. The results provide insights into the many \u0000potential confounders that can impact on home visitation, such as recipient suspicion, visitor morale \u0000and individualised interpretations of protocols across sites. Process evaluations such as this one are \u0000invaluable to the contextualisation of an intervention and the identification of best practices.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"69 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85465155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Outwater, Jacquelyn C. Campbell, D. Webster, E. Mgaya
Homicide is predicted to increase globally. The foundation for explanatory models of violence in low-income countries is rudimentary. The objective of this article is to describe peer-reviewed literature about homicide in sub-Saharan African (SSA) from 1970-2004. Searches in PubMed, OVID, and African Journals on-Line (AJOL) using the key words / phrases "homicide"', "injury death", and "Africa", identified 37 articles. Articles were excluded if it was impossible to distinguish homicide from suicide or unintentional injury death. Of the 37 articles, 30 contained information about homicide. According to the reviewed literature, throughout Africa, males are 4-10 times more likely to die of homicide than females. While children seem to be protected, adults (20-29 years) are at highest risk. The most common mechanism of homicide appears to be sharp instruments. The estimations depicting Africa as the world's second most violent continent were made from scanty data. Regional variations exist but the lack of data also makes it impossible to answer basic questions related to proportionate mortality, occupation of the deceased, ethnic or national variations, precipitating factors, or victim-perpetrator relationships. Temporal trends cannot be ascertained. In an attempt to bridge the gaps in existing knowledge about homicide, the World Health Organization (WHO) is coordinating and supporting efforts by countries to set up injury mortality surveillance systems, as a first step towards monitoring the incidence and prevalence of violence.
{"title":"Homicide deaths in sub-Saharan Africa: a review 1970-2004","authors":"A. Outwater, Jacquelyn C. Campbell, D. Webster, E. Mgaya","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V5I1.31632","url":null,"abstract":"Homicide is predicted to increase globally. The foundation for explanatory models of violence in low-income countries is rudimentary. The objective of this article is to describe peer-reviewed literature about homicide in sub-Saharan African (SSA) from 1970-2004. Searches in PubMed, OVID, and African Journals on-Line (AJOL) using the key words / phrases \"homicide\"', \"injury death\", and \"Africa\", identified 37 articles. Articles were excluded if it was impossible to distinguish homicide from suicide or unintentional injury death. Of the 37 articles, 30 contained information about homicide. According to the reviewed literature, throughout Africa, males are 4-10 times more likely to die of homicide than females. While children seem to be protected, adults (20-29 years) are at highest risk. The most common mechanism of homicide appears to be sharp instruments. The estimations depicting Africa as the world's second most violent continent were made from scanty data. Regional variations exist but the lack of data also makes it impossible to answer basic questions related to proportionate mortality, occupation of the deceased, ethnic or national variations, precipitating factors, or victim-perpetrator relationships. Temporal trends cannot be ascertained. In an attempt to bridge the gaps in existing knowledge about homicide, the World Health Organization (WHO) is coordinating and supporting efforts by countries to set up injury mortality surveillance systems, as a first step towards monitoring the incidence and prevalence of violence.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"130 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89837049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 16th International Conference on Safe Communities was held in Tehran, Iran from 11 to 13 June 2007. The conference was hosted by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre on Community Safety Promotion, the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, and the newly established International Society for Violence and Injury Prevention. This annual event was hosted for the first time in a Middle Eastern country, and was accordingly considered to be a historic and opportune platform for the profiling of safety promotion research, practice and policy initiatives across the region, and particularly within Iran itself.
{"title":"16th international conference on safe communities, Tehran, Iran","authors":"S. Suffla, W. Odendaal","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V5I2.31648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V5I2.31648","url":null,"abstract":"The 16th International Conference on Safe Communities was held in Tehran, Iran from 11 to 13 June 2007. The conference was hosted by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre on Community Safety Promotion, the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, and the newly established International Society for Violence and Injury Prevention. This annual event was hosted for the first time in a Middle Eastern country, and was accordingly considered to be a historic and opportune platform for the profiling of safety promotion research, practice and policy initiatives across the region, and particularly within Iran itself.","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"57 1","pages":"123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83993100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Literature Review: Review of childhood burn injuries in sub-Saharan Africa: a forgotten public health challenge","authors":"A. Hyder, K. Kashyap, S. Fishman, S. Wali","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87482915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basic measures to address road traffic injuries in Kenya have been characterised by a lack of strong political will, concern and priority. The response has often been piecemeal and ad hoc and characterised by high vigilance following a major road crash that gradually tailed off with the passing of time. There has, however, been an important turn since 1 February 2004, with the government enforcing implementation of new road safety rules for public transport. However, the process leading to the implementation revealed gaps in partnership and dialogue between the different agencies and stakeholders. An initial assessment confirmed that these gaps had not yet been addressed. The aim of this paper is to underscore the urgent need to promote partnership and dialogue between different stakeholders in the implementation of new road safety rules in Kenya. Important elements for a road safety partnership and dialogue strategy that are highlighted in this paper include: securing involvement of all stakeholders continued high political concern and priority inclusive transport policy and practice research and evaluation of implementation awareness raising, publicity and empowerment. l/ligl/ulg
{"title":"Partnership and dialogue for implementation of new road safety rules in Kenya","authors":"M. Khayesi","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31609","url":null,"abstract":"Basic measures to address road traffic injuries in Kenya have been characterised by a lack of strong \u0000political will, concern and priority. The response has often been piecemeal and ad hoc and \u0000characterised by high vigilance following a major road crash that gradually tailed off with the passing \u0000of time. There has, however, been an important turn since 1 February 2004, with the government \u0000enforcing implementation of new road safety rules for public transport. However, the process leading \u0000to the implementation revealed gaps in partnership and dialogue between the different agencies and \u0000stakeholders. An initial assessment confirmed that these gaps had not yet been addressed. The aim of this paper is to underscore the urgent need to promote partnership and dialogue between \u0000different stakeholders in the implementation of new road safety rules in Kenya. Important elements \u0000for a road safety partnership and dialogue strategy that are highlighted in this paper include: securing involvement of all stakeholders continued high political concern and priority inclusive transport policy and practice research and evaluation of implementation awareness raising, publicity and empowerment. l/ligl/ulg","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"34 1","pages":"35-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90097559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Reviews: World report on road traffic injury prevention: its implication for low income countries","authors":"Y. Holder","doi":"10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ASP.V2I2.31611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41085,"journal":{"name":"African Safety Promotion","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90105320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：