Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-34-47
E. Kolbanova
For blue honeysuckle cultivars of Belarusian selection (Zinri and Sinyavokaya), a method of micropropagation for the production of high-quality planting material is proposed. Initiation of in vitro culture: in the period of intensive growth of shoots – the first decade of June. Explants were apical points isolated from the apical and axillary buds of green shoots. The nutrient medium was WPM supplemented with 6-BA at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l. Micropropagation stage: MS medium containing double strength iron chelate with 1.5 mg/l of 6-BA. In vitro rhizogenesis: in MS medium the concentration of macroand microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.5–2.0 mg/l). Ex vitro adaptation: substrate – perlite. It is possible to reduce the cost of obtaining the planting material by eliminating in vitro rooting stage from micropropagation scheme. Simultaneous direct ex vitro rooting and adaptation of microplants should be carried out on the substrate of Sphagnum L. moss with a surface layer (0.5 cm) of peat. Long-term storage (up to 12 months) at low positive temperatures (+3–4 °C) in refrigerator should be carried out at rooting stage (in MS medium the concentration of macro- and microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.0 mg/l).
针对白俄罗斯蓝金银花品种(Zinri和Sinyavokaya)，提出了一种生产优质种植材料的微繁方法。开始离体培养:在芽的密集生长时期- 6月的第一个十年。外植体是从绿芽的顶芽和腋芽中分离出来的顶尖。营养培养基为WPM，添加浓度为1.0 mg/l的6-BA。微增殖阶段:MS培养基中含有1.5 mg/l 6-BA的双强度铁螯合物。离体生根:MS培养基中大、微盐和铁螯合物浓度降至一半，蔗糖浓度降至20 g/l, IBA - 1.5 ~ 2.0 mg/l。体外适应:底物-珍珠岩。通过消除离体生根阶段，可以降低获得种植材料的成本。微植物的直接离体生根和适应应同时在Sphagnum L. moss基质上进行，其表层应为0.5 cm的泥炭。生根期应进行低温(+ 3-4℃)冰箱长期贮藏(可达12个月)(MS培养基中宏、微盐和铁螯合物浓度降至一半，蔗糖浓度降至20 g/l, IBA - 1.0 mg/l)。
{"title":"Micropropagation of belarusian cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L. var. kamtschatica)","authors":"E. Kolbanova","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-34-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-34-47","url":null,"abstract":"For blue honeysuckle cultivars of Belarusian selection (Zinri and Sinyavokaya), a method of micropropagation for the production of high-quality planting material is proposed. Initiation of in vitro culture: in the period of intensive growth of shoots – the first decade of June. Explants were apical points isolated from the apical and axillary buds of green shoots. The nutrient medium was WPM supplemented with 6-BA at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l. Micropropagation stage: MS medium containing double strength iron chelate with 1.5 mg/l of 6-BA. In vitro rhizogenesis: in MS medium the concentration of macroand microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.5–2.0 mg/l). Ex vitro adaptation: substrate – perlite. It is possible to reduce the cost of obtaining the planting material by eliminating in vitro rooting stage from micropropagation scheme. Simultaneous direct ex vitro rooting and adaptation of microplants should be carried out on the substrate of Sphagnum L. moss with a surface layer (0.5 cm) of peat. Long-term storage (up to 12 months) at low positive temperatures (+3–4 °C) in refrigerator should be carried out at rooting stage (in MS medium the concentration of macro- and microsalts and iron chelate was reduced to half strength, the sucrose concentration was reduced to 20 g/l, IBA – 1.0 mg/l).","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88258712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-7-21
S. Semenov, N. Semenov
This paper dwells on economic and legal potential of the agricultural sector of the Kyrgyz Republic in conditions of the society’s digital development, and also provides recommendations for the development of the agricultural sector in the field of information relations. The growth of the digital economic space in the world practice was most accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the main directions of economic development of many countries began to depend on the digitalization of certain sectors of the economy and the society. Methods of economic and legal analysis of the agricultural sector were used during the study, including analysis of the development of information and communication technologies, communications and the Internet in the current period of the country’s development. This study showed that state-and-private interaction and partnership should be closer and aimed at creating a common information structure of the industry, including one based on the adoption of common legal and economic solutions. Based on the study conducted, it is recommended to strengthen the level of information support for the rural population, create an agricultural information network and an appropriate information infrastructure, which should further strengthen the interaction between the rural population and government authorities, contribute to solution of a number of economic problems in the field of agriculture in the country.
{"title":"Economic and legal potential of the agricultural industry of the Kyrgyz Republic in conditions of the society’s digital development","authors":"S. Semenov, N. Semenov","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-7-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2023-61-1-7-21","url":null,"abstract":"This paper dwells on economic and legal potential of the agricultural sector of the Kyrgyz Republic in conditions of the society’s digital development, and also provides recommendations for the development of the agricultural sector in the field of information relations. The growth of the digital economic space in the world practice was most accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the main directions of economic development of many countries began to depend on the digitalization of certain sectors of the economy and the society. Methods of economic and legal analysis of the agricultural sector were used during the study, including analysis of the development of information and communication technologies, communications and the Internet in the current period of the country’s development. This study showed that state-and-private interaction and partnership should be closer and aimed at creating a common information structure of the industry, including one based on the adoption of common legal and economic solutions. Based on the study conducted, it is recommended to strengthen the level of information support for the rural population, create an agricultural information network and an appropriate information infrastructure, which should further strengthen the interaction between the rural population and government authorities, contribute to solution of a number of economic problems in the field of agriculture in the country.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78350149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-406-417
M. Pryshchepau
When calculating the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of asynchronous motors (AM), as a rule, their T-shaped equivalent circuits (EC) are used. Parameters of these circuits, determined from reference literature or catalogs, are constant values and correspond to the working part of the characteristics in terms of the rated speed or motor slip. Calculations of the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of the AM at constant values of the parameters of the EC of AM in a wide range of their speed or slips lead to significant errors outside the operating part of the characteristics. The paper presents a methodology and algorithm for calculating mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of АМ with a short-circuit rotor at variable parameters of their equivalent circuit, as well as checking the coincidence of the results of calculating the characteristics according to the proposed algorithm with the calculation results obtained by another wellknown method.
{"title":"Calculation of mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of asynchronous motors with a short-circuit rotor with variable parameters of its equivalent circuit","authors":"M. Pryshchepau","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-406-417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-406-417","url":null,"abstract":"When calculating the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of asynchronous motors (AM), as a rule, their T-shaped equivalent circuits (EC) are used. Parameters of these circuits, determined from reference literature or catalogs, are constant values and correspond to the working part of the characteristics in terms of the rated speed or motor slip. Calculations of the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of the AM at constant values of the parameters of the EC of AM in a wide range of their speed or slips lead to significant errors outside the operating part of the characteristics. The paper presents a methodology and algorithm for calculating mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of АМ with a short-circuit rotor at variable parameters of their equivalent circuit, as well as checking the coincidence of the results of calculating the characteristics according to the proposed algorithm with the calculation results obtained by another wellknown method.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"1386 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86493463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-394-405
P. Kazakevich, A. Yurin
The article presents theoretical studies of contact of fruits with each other and with the transporting organs of the harvesting unit. Such contact is the main cause of damage, which negatively affects the safety of crop and the quality of products sold, and hence its cost. The paper considers the main, most probable ways of fruit contact: impact of fruit on a hard surface, impact of two free fruits and impact of fruit on the surface of densely lying fruits. It has been determined that fruits that are in contact during free rolling on the working surface receive the greatest damage. This is due to the fact that the contact pressure during the collision of free fruits is greater than the pressure when the fruit hits a flat surface. As a result of the study, the permissible speed of falling apples on the surface of their tightly lying fruits is 1.9 m/s at a falling height of 0.183 m and a ratio of the radii of the contacting fruits k = 1/2, or 1.25 m/s and 0.08 m at k =1, or 0.67 m/s and 0.023 m at k = 2. The results of the research were applied by Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Agriculture Mechanization in the development of a self-propelled universal unit for picking fruits and forming branches of fruit trees ASU-6.
{"title":"Theoretical study of damaging pomaceous fruits during machine harvesting","authors":"P. Kazakevich, A. Yurin","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-394-405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-394-405","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents theoretical studies of contact of fruits with each other and with the transporting organs of the harvesting unit. Such contact is the main cause of damage, which negatively affects the safety of crop and the quality of products sold, and hence its cost. The paper considers the main, most probable ways of fruit contact: impact of fruit on a hard surface, impact of two free fruits and impact of fruit on the surface of densely lying fruits. It has been determined that fruits that are in contact during free rolling on the working surface receive the greatest damage. This is due to the fact that the contact pressure during the collision of free fruits is greater than the pressure when the fruit hits a flat surface. As a result of the study, the permissible speed of falling apples on the surface of their tightly lying fruits is 1.9 m/s at a falling height of 0.183 m and a ratio of the radii of the contacting fruits k = 1/2, or 1.25 m/s and 0.08 m at k =1, or 0.67 m/s and 0.023 m at k = 2. The results of the research were applied by Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Agriculture Mechanization in the development of a self-propelled universal unit for picking fruits and forming branches of fruit trees ASU-6.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79397948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-418-432
E. V. Brechko, L. Trepashko
Nowadays the problem of storage pests is of current interest, as arthropods living in grain storage facilities and eating grain cause both direct and indirect damage. As a result of the research carried out in 2019–2020 in storehouses of Belarus, the species composition of stored grain pests including 17 species was specified. The paper focuses on the aspects affecting the change of species composition, dominance structure, dynamics of pests’ population when agricultural products are stored in grain storage facilities. It has been determined that the structure of fauna depended on the method of storage (floor storage, bin storage), purpose of products (seed or forage grain), construction and types of storage facilities (airproof, not airproof). In unfilled storehouses coleopterans dominated with a floor storage (84.4 % of the total number), and ticks at bin storage (56.3 %). In grain storage facilities for seeds grain ticks were additional species (27.5 %), and they were permanent in storage facilities for forage grain (52.9 %). The pests were not discovered in disinfected airproof grain storage facilities with seed grain. Abiotic factor (temperature and air humidity) is a key predictor regulating dynamics of the population of stored grain pests during winter and spring-summer periods. The reduction of sensitivity of lesser grain borer (death in 50 %) and ticks (death in 73.6 %) to insectoacaricide with pirimiphos methyl as well as rice weevil (50 %), rust-red grain beetle (20 %) and ticks (48.5 %) to the composition of bifenthrin and malathion was identified for the first time in Belarus. The data indicating obligatory after harvest treatment of grain (cleaning and drying) were obtained, as soon as the absence of these elements in the protection technology brings about the development of ticks during autumn-spring period. The findings can be used for the development of antiresistant and ecologically sound systems of protection against storage pests.
{"title":"Basic aspects determining dynamics of storage pests’ population in technocenoses of grain storage facilities of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"E. V. Brechko, L. Trepashko","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-418-432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-418-432","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the problem of storage pests is of current interest, as arthropods living in grain storage facilities and eating grain cause both direct and indirect damage. As a result of the research carried out in 2019–2020 in storehouses of Belarus, the species composition of stored grain pests including 17 species was specified. The paper focuses on the aspects affecting the change of species composition, dominance structure, dynamics of pests’ population when agricultural products are stored in grain storage facilities. It has been determined that the structure of fauna depended on the method of storage (floor storage, bin storage), purpose of products (seed or forage grain), construction and types of storage facilities (airproof, not airproof). In unfilled storehouses coleopterans dominated with a floor storage (84.4 % of the total number), and ticks at bin storage (56.3 %). In grain storage facilities for seeds grain ticks were additional species (27.5 %), and they were permanent in storage facilities for forage grain (52.9 %). The pests were not discovered in disinfected airproof grain storage facilities with seed grain. Abiotic factor (temperature and air humidity) is a key predictor regulating dynamics of the population of stored grain pests during winter and spring-summer periods. The reduction of sensitivity of lesser grain borer (death in 50 %) and ticks (death in 73.6 %) to insectoacaricide with pirimiphos methyl as well as rice weevil (50 %), rust-red grain beetle (20 %) and ticks (48.5 %) to the composition of bifenthrin and malathion was identified for the first time in Belarus. The data indicating obligatory after harvest treatment of grain (cleaning and drying) were obtained, as soon as the absence of these elements in the protection technology brings about the development of ticks during autumn-spring period. The findings can be used for the development of antiresistant and ecologically sound systems of protection against storage pests.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82495535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-372-379
A. M. Zakharov, V. Minin, E. Murzaev, A. Mishanov, D. Ivanov
The purpose of this research is to study the effect of deep loosening of row spacings on the physical properties of the soil and yield of organic potatoes. Two variants of soil cultivation were used in row spacings: usual and 25 cm deep. The soil cultivation was carried out with a row-crop chisel cultivator. Its design was developed at the institute. Analysis of the data obtained as a result of experimental studies showed that deep loosening of row spacings had a positive effect on soil compaction both in the inter-row width and directly in the plough ridge. The soil compaction in the row spacing during normal tillage was in average above 20 %, and in the ridge by an average of 13 % compared to deep tillage. The assimilation of moisture by the soil with when using of deep loosening of row spacings also had a positive trend, especially under condition of a large amount of precipitation in a short period of time. Thus, with a loss of 34 mm, the soil in the variant with loosening the row spacings in a larger volume absorbed moisture and the moisture indicators increased sharply in layers, at 15 cm by 27 %, at 25 cm by 20 %, at 35 cm by 5 %. Potato yield increased by 8.7 % when using deep loosening of row spacings. The obtained results of experimental studies should be used as recommendations when carrying out technological operations aimed at caring for potato plantings.
{"title":"Effect of deep loosening of interrows on physical properties of sod-podzolic soil and yield of organic potato","authors":"A. M. Zakharov, V. Minin, E. Murzaev, A. Mishanov, D. Ivanov","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-372-379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-372-379","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to study the effect of deep loosening of row spacings on the physical properties of the soil and yield of organic potatoes. Two variants of soil cultivation were used in row spacings: usual and 25 cm deep. The soil cultivation was carried out with a row-crop chisel cultivator. Its design was developed at the institute. Analysis of the data obtained as a result of experimental studies showed that deep loosening of row spacings had a positive effect on soil compaction both in the inter-row width and directly in the plough ridge. The soil compaction in the row spacing during normal tillage was in average above 20 %, and in the ridge by an average of 13 % compared to deep tillage. The assimilation of moisture by the soil with when using of deep loosening of row spacings also had a positive trend, especially under condition of a large amount of precipitation in a short period of time. Thus, with a loss of 34 mm, the soil in the variant with loosening the row spacings in a larger volume absorbed moisture and the moisture indicators increased sharply in layers, at 15 cm by 27 %, at 25 cm by 20 %, at 35 cm by 5 %. Potato yield increased by 8.7 % when using deep loosening of row spacings. The obtained results of experimental studies should be used as recommendations when carrying out technological operations aimed at caring for potato plantings.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81961415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-380-393
V. Sidorova, E. Petrov, N. N. Novikov
The beef cattle breeding development is one of the strategic directions for the livestock development in Russia and the CIS countries, including the Republic of Belarus. The livestock fattening most important point is minimizing the costs. Studies have shown that the animals’ greatest body weight 900 kg had had adult culled cattle over a period of 120 days, as well as heifers with calving on pasture during the 30-month fattening. During 28-month fattening of suckling steers at pasture housing, the amount of feed energy unit per day turned out to be the smallest among technologies with the largest number of fattening periods, and amounted to 29.3 at animals fattening during five periods of pasture housing versus 39.7 in two periods of intensive grain fattening: 1 day of pasture housing costs 3.5 versus 12.5 feed energy unit in other periods. In young animals raised on suckling, the best average body weight was equal to 720 kg, but weaning calves showed 710 kg. The feed costs per 1 kg of weight gain were equal to 0.04, 0.10 and 0.09 respectively, i. e. the smallest amount of feed was spent for suckling young animals’ fattening, and the largest – for weaning calves. Efficiency of fattening in rubles made 21.0, 56.4 and 48.0 rubles per 1 kg of weight gain, respectively, or in terms of 1 period of fattening of grown animals – 56.4 rubles, young animals raised at suckling – 6.8, and weaning calves – 19.2. The obtained data allows, through the biological methods and mathematical models individual for each group of cattle at fattening, to obtain optimal weight gain with minimized feed costs.
{"title":"Application of digital models for improvement of beef cattle feeding graphs","authors":"V. Sidorova, E. Petrov, N. N. Novikov","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-380-393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-380-393","url":null,"abstract":"The beef cattle breeding development is one of the strategic directions for the livestock development in Russia and the CIS countries, including the Republic of Belarus. The livestock fattening most important point is minimizing the costs. Studies have shown that the animals’ greatest body weight 900 kg had had adult culled cattle over a period of 120 days, as well as heifers with calving on pasture during the 30-month fattening. During 28-month fattening of suckling steers at pasture housing, the amount of feed energy unit per day turned out to be the smallest among technologies with the largest number of fattening periods, and amounted to 29.3 at animals fattening during five periods of pasture housing versus 39.7 in two periods of intensive grain fattening: 1 day of pasture housing costs 3.5 versus 12.5 feed energy unit in other periods. In young animals raised on suckling, the best average body weight was equal to 720 kg, but weaning calves showed 710 kg. The feed costs per 1 kg of weight gain were equal to 0.04, 0.10 and 0.09 respectively, i. e. the smallest amount of feed was spent for suckling young animals’ fattening, and the largest – for weaning calves. Efficiency of fattening in rubles made 21.0, 56.4 and 48.0 rubles per 1 kg of weight gain, respectively, or in terms of 1 period of fattening of grown animals – 56.4 rubles, young animals raised at suckling – 6.8, and weaning calves – 19.2. The obtained data allows, through the biological methods and mathematical models individual for each group of cattle at fattening, to obtain optimal weight gain with minimized feed costs.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86882422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-351-361
A. Pilipuk, A. Gerasenko
In the modern economy, it is important to build a management vertical that will allow for an effective and prompt response to emerging challenges and threats in the food market. This, in turn, requires transformation of existing organizational forms of economic activity, as well as through creation of more advanced and aggressive ones – corporations. This work is being carried out by the Government of the Republic of Belarus. Relevant instructions have been sent to the Ministry of Industry, consortiums Bellegprom, Bellesbumprom and Belgospishcheprom. However, in the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, this form of management is not represented, respectively, there are no uniform approaches regarding its content, mechanism and methods of creation, and advantages, especially in investment activities. In this regard, the study aims to substantiate and develop practice-oriented scientific approaches to the evolution and content of the “corporation” category, to assess the role of the investment component in the development of the corporate management mechanism, to identify the most important features of corporate investment, as well as to disclose the advantages that have allowed corporations to become successful and popular forms of organization of economic relations around the world. As a result of the study, the criteria for classifying legal entities created in the Republic of Belarus as corporations were specified and an appropriate analysis was carried out for compliance.
{"title":"Institutional features of corporate investment development in the Belarusian state consortium of food industry “Belgospishcheprom”","authors":"A. Pilipuk, A. Gerasenko","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-351-361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-351-361","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern economy, it is important to build a management vertical that will allow for an effective and prompt response to emerging challenges and threats in the food market. This, in turn, requires transformation of existing organizational forms of economic activity, as well as through creation of more advanced and aggressive ones – corporations. This work is being carried out by the Government of the Republic of Belarus. Relevant instructions have been sent to the Ministry of Industry, consortiums Bellegprom, Bellesbumprom and Belgospishcheprom. However, in the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, this form of management is not represented, respectively, there are no uniform approaches regarding its content, mechanism and methods of creation, and advantages, especially in investment activities. In this regard, the study aims to substantiate and develop practice-oriented scientific approaches to the evolution and content of the “corporation” category, to assess the role of the investment component in the development of the corporate management mechanism, to identify the most important features of corporate investment, as well as to disclose the advantages that have allowed corporations to become successful and popular forms of organization of economic relations around the world. As a result of the study, the criteria for classifying legal entities created in the Republic of Belarus as corporations were specified and an appropriate analysis was carried out for compliance.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89837864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-362-371
N. Mikhailouskaya, S. A. Kasyanchyk, A. G. Mezentseva, T. V. Pagirnitskaya
Ecological management of soil resources is an urgent task involving periodic assessment of effect of fertilizers and other anthropogenic factors on the rate and direction of organic matter transformation. Mineralization and humification of organic residues are the most important functions of the soil, which determine its fertility and are closely related to the biochemical activity of microbial communities. When using intensive agricultural technologies, it is required to timely identify potential risks of reducing soil fertility. Taking into account the biochemical nature of the processes of mineralization and humification of organic substances, it is advisable to use indicators of enzymatic activity for this purpose. Enzymes are the most important metabolites of microorganisms. When choosing enzymatic indicators for a reliable assessment of influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the activity of mineralization and humification, we took into account large-scale and universal processes in the cycles of the main biogenic elements – carbon and nitrogen. Soil enzyme diagnostics was shown to be likely useful instrument for evaluation of natural and anthropogenic factors effect on mineralization and humification processes in sod-podzolic soils. The most informative enzymatic tests for characterization of soil biochemical status in C and N cycles were determined. Biochemical coefficient was proposed as a resulting criteria for interpretation of enzymes activity data, allowing to compare humification and mineralization activities, reveal their disbalance and control of anthropogenic impact on soils. Experimental data on the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the activity and ratio of humification and mineralization, obtained in long-term field experiments on soddy-podzolic soils of different granulometric composition and level of fertility are presented.
{"title":"Enzyme diagnostics for evaluation of effect of nitrogen fertilizers on mineralization and humification processes in sod-podzolic soils","authors":"N. Mikhailouskaya, S. A. Kasyanchyk, A. G. Mezentseva, T. V. Pagirnitskaya","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-362-371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-4-362-371","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological management of soil resources is an urgent task involving periodic assessment of effect of fertilizers and other anthropogenic factors on the rate and direction of organic matter transformation. Mineralization and humification of organic residues are the most important functions of the soil, which determine its fertility and are closely related to the biochemical activity of microbial communities. When using intensive agricultural technologies, it is required to timely identify potential risks of reducing soil fertility. Taking into account the biochemical nature of the processes of mineralization and humification of organic substances, it is advisable to use indicators of enzymatic activity for this purpose. Enzymes are the most important metabolites of microorganisms. When choosing enzymatic indicators for a reliable assessment of influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the activity of mineralization and humification, we took into account large-scale and universal processes in the cycles of the main biogenic elements – carbon and nitrogen. Soil enzyme diagnostics was shown to be likely useful instrument for evaluation of natural and anthropogenic factors effect on mineralization and humification processes in sod-podzolic soils. The most informative enzymatic tests for characterization of soil biochemical status in C and N cycles were determined. Biochemical coefficient was proposed as a resulting criteria for interpretation of enzymes activity data, allowing to compare humification and mineralization activities, reveal their disbalance and control of anthropogenic impact on soils. Experimental data on the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the activity and ratio of humification and mineralization, obtained in long-term field experiments on soddy-podzolic soils of different granulometric composition and level of fertility are presented.","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86495465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-03DOI: 10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-3-332-344
V. A. Vaskina, R. Kandrokov, A. A. Bykov, E. S. Novozhilova
{"title":"STUDY OF EFFECT OF COMPOSITION OF WALL MATERIAL OF INCAPSULATED WALNUT OIL ON STRUCTURE AND QUALITY OF MILK FONDANT","authors":"V. A. Vaskina, R. Kandrokov, A. A. Bykov, E. S. Novozhilova","doi":"10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-3-332-344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2022-60-3-332-344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41146,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus-Agrarian Series","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79557637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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