Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2073-6681-2022-3-106-112
T. N. Markova
The turn of the 20th–21st centuries is characterized by highly intensive processes of national self-identification. An important role in this process is played by fantasy as a popular genre of popular literature. The study of Kazakh fantasy is of academic interest due to its popularity with readers, the dynamic transformation of the genre structure. The article demonstrates a wide genre spectrum of Kazakh fantasy books and their authors. In the novel Resurrecting Legends Timur Yermashev turns to the heroic page in the history of the Kazakhs – the Orbulak battle of the 17th century. Ilyaz Nurgaliyev consistently works with national myths and folklore images of the Turkic peoples. Azamat Baigaliev and Kira Nurullina write about aliens. Sabyr Kairkhanov in the format of urban fantasy (the novel Synchro) raises the question of the ambiguous role of the Semipalatinsk test site in the life of the Kazakhs. An example of the combination of children’s and adventure fantasy is the novel by Zira Naurzbayeva and Lily Kalaus In Search of the Golden Bowl: The Adventures of Batu and His Friends. Particularly popular are fantasy texts with plots based on the facts of national history, those resurrecting the heroes of Kazakhstani mythology, national traditions and customs. The themes and poetics of Kazakh fantasy are in line with the processes developing in modern prose, the nature of the transformation of the genre correlates with the changing readership. Fantasy readers are mainly representatives of a certain social and age group, those attracted by the topical issues raised – the growth of national self-consciousness – combined with an exciting adventurous plot. The entertaining genre of popular literature has taken on an important ideological function – to promote and shape the national identity of the Kazakhs in a situation of geopolitical changes.
{"title":"Fantasy in the Russian-Language Segment of Literature of Kazakhstan","authors":"T. N. Markova","doi":"10.17072/2073-6681-2022-3-106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-3-106-112","url":null,"abstract":"The turn of the 20th–21st centuries is characterized by highly intensive processes of national self-identification. An important role in this process is played by fantasy as a popular genre of popular literature. The study of Kazakh fantasy is of academic interest due to its popularity with readers, the dynamic transformation of the genre structure. The article demonstrates a wide genre spectrum of Kazakh fantasy books and their authors. In the novel Resurrecting Legends Timur Yermashev turns to the heroic page in the history of the Kazakhs – the Orbulak battle of the 17th century. Ilyaz Nurgaliyev consistently works with national myths and folklore images of the Turkic peoples. Azamat Baigaliev and Kira Nurullina write about aliens. Sabyr Kairkhanov in the format of urban fantasy (the novel Synchro) raises the question of the ambiguous role of the Semipalatinsk test site in the life of the Kazakhs. An example of the combination of children’s and adventure fantasy is the novel by Zira Naurzbayeva and Lily Kalaus In Search of the Golden Bowl: The Adventures of Batu and His Friends. Particularly popular are fantasy texts with plots based on the facts of national history, those resurrecting the heroes of Kazakhstani mythology, national traditions and customs. The themes and poetics of Kazakh fantasy are in line with the processes developing in modern prose, the nature of the transformation of the genre correlates with the changing readership. Fantasy readers are mainly representatives of a certain social and age group, those attracted by the topical issues raised – the growth of national self-consciousness – combined with an exciting adventurous plot. The entertaining genre of popular literature has taken on an important ideological function – to promote and shape the national identity of the Kazakhs in a situation of geopolitical changes.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72531041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2022-4-85-93
D. A. Kozmin
Elections in authoritarian regimes are commonly defined as “unfair and uncompetitive,” but is it always true? The author argues that in the case of the heterogeneity of elite groups in the region and the emergence of a conflict among them, regional elections become an "arena for confrontation" for competing actors of the political system. To test this assertion, data on the results of elections and the characteristics of election campaigns in 25 single-member districts in the elections to the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg in 2021 are used. With the method of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), the hypothesis of the existing conflict among elite groups is confirmed. In case the city administration "approved" a candidate from the opposition party instead of the ruling one, and also if the previous deputy in the district is not re-elected in the same district, the elections are competitive, and the victory of a particular candidate is unpredictable. As a result of the analysis, such factors of election competitiveness as the number of candidates on the ballot and high turnout are also identified. Thus, in the event of a conflict between regional elites, authoritarian elections fulfill their original function: serve as platforms for the competitive struggle of various political groups.
{"title":"WHEN ARE AUTHORITARIAN ELECTIONS COMPETITIVE? THE CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG'S LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS","authors":"D. A. Kozmin","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-4-85-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-4-85-93","url":null,"abstract":"Elections in authoritarian regimes are commonly defined as “unfair and uncompetitive,” but is it always true? The author argues that in the case of the heterogeneity of elite groups in the region and the emergence of a conflict among them, regional elections become an \"arena for confrontation\" for competing actors of the political system. To test this assertion, data on the results of elections and the characteristics of election campaigns in 25 single-member districts in the elections to the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg in 2021 are used. With the method of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), the hypothesis of the existing conflict among elite groups is confirmed. In case the city administration \"approved\" a candidate from the opposition party instead of the ruling one, and also if the previous deputy in the district is not re-elected in the same district, the elections are competitive, and the victory of a particular candidate is unpredictable. As a result of the analysis, such factors of election competitiveness as the number of candidates on the ballot and high turnout are also identified. Thus, in the event of a conflict between regional elites, authoritarian elections fulfill their original function: serve as platforms for the competitive struggle of various political groups.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72461416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-5-13
A. Nazarov
The article examines the relations between Byzantine garrisons on the Apennine Peninsula and the emperors in the 6th century. Already during the (re)conquest of Italy, measures were taken to integrate these territories into the Byzantine structures of the civil and military administration. However, the remoteness of the region periodically led to the interruptions of material supply of the Italian troops. These difficulties negatively affected the authority of the emperors among the military men. Another major problem was the scarcity of forces stationed in Italy. In addition, among them, there were many soldiers and commanders of barbarian origin, whose loyalty to Byzantium was largely situational. For these reasons, when faced with a numerous and successful enemy, they could defect to its side. Such was the situation on the Apennine Peninsula in 541, when the Ostrogoths, led by King Totila, went over to a counteroffensive. In all likelihood, the situation was similar during the Lombard conquest of Northern Italy in 568. The remoteness from the capital of the empire also led to the fact that the soldiers were more focused on loyalty not to the Byzantine rulers, but to local military leaders. These factors caused the weakness of imperial positions on the Apennine Peninsula.
{"title":"BYZANTINE GARRISONS IN ITALY IN THE 6TH CENTURY: THE PROBLEM OF LOYALTY TO THE EMPEROR","authors":"A. Nazarov","doi":"10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the relations between Byzantine garrisons on the Apennine Peninsula and the emperors in the 6th century. Already during the (re)conquest of Italy, measures were taken to integrate these territories into the Byzantine structures of the civil and military administration. However, the remoteness of the region periodically led to the interruptions of material supply of the Italian troops. These difficulties negatively affected the authority of the emperors among the military men. Another major problem was the scarcity of forces stationed in Italy. In addition, among them, there were many soldiers and commanders of barbarian origin, whose loyalty to Byzantium was largely situational. For these reasons, when faced with a numerous and successful enemy, they could defect to its side. Such was the situation on the Apennine Peninsula in 541, when the Ostrogoths, led by King Totila, went over to a counteroffensive. In all likelihood, the situation was similar during the Lombard conquest of Northern Italy in 568. The remoteness from the capital of the empire also led to the fact that the soldiers were more focused on loyalty not to the Byzantine rulers, but to local military leaders. These factors caused the weakness of imperial positions on the Apennine Peninsula.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77775008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-5-14
T. V. Anisimova, Svetlana A. Chubaj
The article is devoted to the study of stylistic figures employed to increase the effectiveness of social advertising. The purpose was to describe the figures of speech that are most often used when developing the argumentation of messages. The material was collected from various media banks on the Internet by a continuous sampling method. We have analyzed environmental social advertising posters, more than 4,000 units in total. Stylistic figures are traditionally classified into the figures of addition, omission, transposition, and comparison. The figures of addition in social advertising are represented by various forms of repetitions; the most actively used is anaphora, which helps the author of the text to emphasize the main idea of the message. The figures of addition clarify what has been said, they are a noticeable means of enhancing the expression of the text. Omission figures are much more common. This group includes ellipsis (the most frequent of all the described figures), asyndeton, aposiopesis. The main function of transposition figures is to facilitate assimilation of the thesis of the message: they are mainly employed to place logical accents, required for understanding the thesis of the message. They are divided into symmetrical (chiasm, inversion, parallelism) and asymmetric (parcellation, paronomasia). Comparison figures constitute more than a third of the total number of the figures found, which shows their high popularity on social advertising posters. They are represented in social advertising by identity (periphrasis), contrast (antithesis), alogism (amphiboly), and gradation. This group includes antithesis, which is considered the most frequent and important figure for social advertising since basic alternatives of groups, clusters, rubrics are based on antithesis. The special argumentative value of this figure is that antithesis makes it possible to double the declared attribute, by not only approving the correct behavior model but also simultaneously condemning the wrong one. That is why almost all forms of the antithesis construction are presented in social advertising: alloyosis, acrothesis, paradiastole, etc.
{"title":"Figures of Speech as Used in Social Advertising Discourse","authors":"T. V. Anisimova, Svetlana A. Chubaj","doi":"10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-5-14","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of stylistic figures employed to increase the effectiveness of social advertising. The purpose was to describe the figures of speech that are most often used when developing the argumentation of messages. The material was collected from various media banks on the Internet by a continuous sampling method. We have analyzed environmental social advertising posters, more than 4,000 units in total. Stylistic figures are traditionally classified into the figures of addition, omission, transposition, and comparison. The figures of addition in social advertising are represented by various forms of repetitions; the most actively used is anaphora, which helps the author of the text to emphasize the main idea of the message. The figures of addition clarify what has been said, they are a noticeable means of enhancing the expression of the text. Omission figures are much more common. This group includes ellipsis (the most frequent of all the described figures), asyndeton, aposiopesis. The main function of transposition figures is to facilitate assimilation of the thesis of the message: they are mainly employed to place logical accents, required for understanding the thesis of the message. They are divided into symmetrical (chiasm, inversion, parallelism) and asymmetric (parcellation, paronomasia). Comparison figures constitute more than a third of the total number of the figures found, which shows their high popularity on social advertising posters. They are represented in social advertising by identity (periphrasis), contrast (antithesis), alogism (amphiboly), and gradation. This group includes antithesis, which is considered the most frequent and important figure for social advertising since basic alternatives of groups, clusters, rubrics are based on antithesis. The special argumentative value of this figure is that antithesis makes it possible to double the declared attribute, by not only approving the correct behavior model but also simultaneously condemning the wrong one. That is why almost all forms of the antithesis construction are presented in social advertising: alloyosis, acrothesis, paradiastole, etc.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79587578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.90
A. Gusev, V. L. Molyarenko, A. Pavlovsky, I. O. Prilutsky, S. V. Andrushko
The main goal of the research is a diagnostic assessment of polluted water leaks from the chemical waste landfill site using the self-potential method integrated with other methods. The following tasks were to be solved: locating zones of contaminated water leakage from the drainage canals; detecting polluted water leaks from the sludge reservoir; identifying the discharge zones of contaminated groundwater into the swamps adjacent to the landfill. Electrical prospecting equipment ERA-MAX with non-polarizable electrodes of the VIRG system was used for field measurements. Two measuring techniques of the self-potential method were used: the fixed-base method (the measurement interval was 5 m) and the potential gradient method (measuring line MN = 5 m). The additional methods were as follows: geomagnetic microsurvey and phytoindication. The following diagnostic indicators were estab-lished for the zones of infiltration of contaminated waters from canals and sludge reservoirs: negative fixed-base potential anomalies or negative potential gradient anomalies of the natural electric field, which are characterized by the amplitude of 10-40 mV. The area of discharge of polluted groundwater into the surficial unit is indicated by a positive anomaly of the natural electric field (+ 20-47 mV), spatially associated with the zone of degradation of swamp vegetation
{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTED WATER LEAKS FROM THE SITE OF A CHEMICAL PRODUCTION WASTE LANDFILL USING THE SELF-POTENTIAL METHOD","authors":"A. Gusev, V. L. Molyarenko, A. Pavlovsky, I. O. Prilutsky, S. V. Andrushko","doi":"10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.90","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of the research is a diagnostic assessment of polluted water leaks from the chemical waste landfill site using the self-potential method integrated with other methods. The following tasks were to be solved: locating zones of contaminated water leakage from the drainage canals; detecting polluted water leaks from the sludge reservoir; identifying the discharge zones of contaminated groundwater into the swamps adjacent to the landfill. Electrical prospecting equipment ERA-MAX with non-polarizable electrodes of the VIRG system was used for field measurements. Two measuring techniques of the self-potential method were used: the fixed-base method (the measurement interval was 5 m) and the potential gradient method (measuring line MN = 5 m). The additional methods were as follows: geomagnetic microsurvey and phytoindication. The following diagnostic indicators were estab-lished for the zones of infiltration of contaminated waters from canals and sludge reservoirs: negative fixed-base potential anomalies or negative potential gradient anomalies of the natural electric field, which are characterized by the amplitude of 10-40 mV. The area of discharge of polluted groundwater into the surficial unit is indicated by a positive anomaly of the natural electric field (+ 20-47 mV), spatially associated with the zone of degradation of swamp vegetation","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"323 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76440158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-27-40
Christina P. Turtseva
Environmental policy is a complex system influenced by many factors. However, due to the continued centralization of Russia, it can be expected that such an exogenous factor as the commitment of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the strategy of the federal center will be of great importance in developing their own regional environmental policy. On the other hand, regional authorities independently determine the directions for the development of regional policy in this area. This raises the question - does the regions' orientation have an impact on the quality of regional environmental policy? The study of the vector of Russian regional environmental policy development was carried out on the basis of state programs in the field of environmental development of 85 Russian regions, implemented from 2012 to 2025. The paper showed that state goals in the field of solving environmental problems serves as a vector for most regions. An important highlight is the local nature of the programs' development in most regions; programs are based on regional problems identified in a particular area. Simultaneously, according to the official regional environmental ratings in Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that copy the policy of the federal center, show greater concern for the quality of the environment.
{"title":"VECTORS OF THE RUSSIAN REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DESIGN: STATE PROGRAMS ANALYSIS","authors":"Christina P. Turtseva","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-27-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-27-40","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental policy is a complex system influenced by many factors. However, due to the continued centralization of Russia, it can be expected that such an exogenous factor as the commitment of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the strategy of the federal center will be of great importance in developing their own regional environmental policy. On the other hand, regional authorities independently determine the directions for the development of regional policy in this area. This raises the question - does the regions' orientation have an impact on the quality of regional environmental policy? The study of the vector of Russian regional environmental policy development was carried out on the basis of state programs in the field of environmental development of 85 Russian regions, implemented from 2012 to 2025. The paper showed that state goals in the field of solving environmental problems serves as a vector for most regions. An important highlight is the local nature of the programs' development in most regions; programs are based on regional problems identified in a particular area. Simultaneously, according to the official regional environmental ratings in Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that copy the policy of the federal center, show greater concern for the quality of the environment.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78323352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/1994-3598-2022-2-11-14
I. Klebanov, O. A. Skaldin, A. Khanna, G. V. Sorokin
We obtain a Lie algebra admitted by the system of equilibrium equations for a nematocholesteric, which models equilibrium configurations of the elastic field in the one-constant approximation of the continuum theory. In the case of a pure nematic, the system is found to admit a ten-dimensional Lie algebra, while in the case of a cholesteric, the system admits a four-dimensional Lie algebra. In addition, we have received particular analytical solutions of the system of model equations.
{"title":"Group analysis of equilibrium equations for a nematocholesteric","authors":"I. Klebanov, O. A. Skaldin, A. Khanna, G. V. Sorokin","doi":"10.17072/1994-3598-2022-2-11-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-3598-2022-2-11-14","url":null,"abstract":"We obtain a Lie algebra admitted by the system of equilibrium equations for a nematocholesteric, which models equilibrium configurations of the elastic field in the one-constant approximation of the continuum theory. In the case of a pure nematic, the system is found to admit a ten-dimensional Lie algebra, while in the case of a cholesteric, the system admits a four-dimensional Lie algebra. In addition, we have received particular analytical solutions of the system of model equations.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78523433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.53549/27132374_2022_3_1_7
Aleksey А. Fedulov
{"title":"Economic Development of the Magadan Region in the Post-Soviet Period. Development Prospects","authors":"Aleksey А. Fedulov","doi":"10.53549/27132374_2022_3_1_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53549/27132374_2022_3_1_7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-106-114
N. Nikolina
The article discusses graphic techniques used in the speech of a child narrator in works of fiction intended for an adult audience. Imitation of a child narration in such works is a challenge for the author since the speech of a child character cannot fully correspond to the speech of a real child. Therefore, the child narrative in adult literature appears to be highly artificial and is perceived by the reader as a device. The analysis of scientific papers devoted to the speech of child characters shows that their speech is stylized as a child’s. Stylization implies that authors use a certain set of linguistic elements that correlate to the real characteristics of children’s speech, but at the same time can be artistically enhanced. Authors can stylize children’s speech at different language levels. The graphic way of stylizing children’s speech and modeling a child’s worldview is rarely distinguished and is called unconventional by some researchers. It can be used for expressing the intonation, marking new words and phenomena, communicating someone else’s words, etc. The article analyzes modern works in English where the narrators are children aged 5 and 7: Room (by Emma Donoghue, 2010) and All the Lost Things (by Michelle Sacks, 2019). In the chosen novels, the graphic way of stylizing children’s speech and thinking is used both as an independent and as an additional method. Independently, the graphic technique is used to mark words and phrases that are new, incomprehensible, difficult for the characters, words in another language, as well as someone else’s words in their speech. As an additional method, it is used to enhance other techniques and linguistic units that imitate children’s speech: personifications, onomatopoeic interjections, hyperbole.
{"title":"Graphic Method of Stylization of Children’s Speech and Modeling a Child’s Perception of the World in Literary Fiction (a case study of the novels ‘Room’ by E. Donoghueand ‘All the Lost Things’ by M. Sacks)","authors":"N. Nikolina","doi":"10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-106-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-4-106-114","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses graphic techniques used in the speech of a child narrator in works of fiction intended for an adult audience. Imitation of a child narration in such works is a challenge for the author since the speech of a child character cannot fully correspond to the speech of a real child. Therefore, the child narrative in adult literature appears to be highly artificial and is perceived by the reader as a device. The analysis of scientific papers devoted to the speech of child characters shows that their speech is stylized as a child’s. Stylization implies that authors use a certain set of linguistic elements that correlate to the real characteristics of children’s speech, but at the same time can be artistically enhanced. Authors can stylize children’s speech at different language levels. The graphic way of stylizing children’s speech and modeling a child’s worldview is rarely distinguished and is called unconventional by some researchers. It can be used for expressing the intonation, marking new words and phenomena, communicating someone else’s words, etc. The article analyzes modern works in English where the narrators are children aged 5 and 7: Room (by Emma Donoghue, 2010) and All the Lost Things (by Michelle Sacks, 2019). In the chosen novels, the graphic way of stylizing children’s speech and thinking is used both as an independent and as an additional method. Independently, the graphic technique is used to mark words and phrases that are new, incomprehensible, difficult for the characters, words in another language, as well as someone else’s words in their speech. As an additional method, it is used to enhance other techniques and linguistic units that imitate children’s speech: personifications, onomatopoeic interjections, hyperbole.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87075603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17072/2078-7898/2022-1-167-174
Tatyana N. Lipatova
The article examines the phenomenon of religious identity of young Muslim migrants in the city of Kazan. The study is based on a premise that religious identity is a transforming phenomenon influenced by personal experience, historical factors, and social changes. Among these, migration appears to be a significant factor in the transformation of religious identity of individuals. In the study of Muslim migrants’ identity transformation processes the author rests upon the work of L. Peek distinguishing three forms of religious identity: ascribed, chosen, and declared. Each form of identity replaces the previous when religiosity becomes deeper and the implementation of religious practices becomes more conscious. Based on foreign methodology, the author of the article carried out qualitative research in the city of Kazan using in-depth interviews to identify key stages in the transformation of young Muslim migrants’ religious identity — ascribed, chosen, and declared. The first is formed during primary socialization in an environment with the majority of the population practising Islam and is taken for granted, not causing questions and reflection; the second is formed as the individual grows up, transforming from the ascribed identity under the influence of reflection, the external environment, and personal choice; the third is formed as a result of emigration and can undergo relatively small changes during the person’s life
{"title":"Religious identity of young Muslim males from the Commonwealth of Independent States as a transforming phenomenon (a case study of the city of Kazan)","authors":"Tatyana N. Lipatova","doi":"10.17072/2078-7898/2022-1-167-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2022-1-167-174","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the phenomenon of religious identity of young Muslim migrants in the city of Kazan. The study is based on a premise that religious identity is a transforming phenomenon influenced by personal experience, historical factors, and social changes. Among these, migration appears to be a significant factor in the transformation of religious identity of individuals. In the study of Muslim migrants’ identity transformation processes the author rests upon the work of L. Peek distinguishing three forms of religious identity: ascribed, chosen, and declared. Each form of identity replaces the previous when religiosity becomes deeper and the implementation of religious practices becomes more conscious. Based on foreign methodology, the author of the article carried out qualitative research in the city of Kazan using in-depth interviews to identify key stages in the transformation of young Muslim migrants’ religious identity — ascribed, chosen, and declared. The first is formed during primary socialization in an environment with the majority of the population practising Islam and is taken for granted, not causing questions and reflection; the second is formed as the individual grows up, transforming from the ascribed identity under the influence of reflection, the external environment, and personal choice; the third is formed as a result of emigration and can undergo relatively small changes during the person’s life","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87152804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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