Background: Infertility, the inability to conceive a child after 12 consecutive months of unprotected sexual intercourse, is a medical concern for 10-15% of Canadians. For some females, the ability to bear children defines them as a woman and the inability to do so bears a certain stigma. While advancements in medicine have led to assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro fertilization, infertility is still a source of significant chronic stress, marital discord and sexual dysfunction. Some studies have shown that social position can moderate the effect of this infertility-related stress. While there is evidence of a relation between socio-economic status and perceived infertility-related stress, no such studies have been conducted on Canadian women seeking infertility treatment. Purpose: This study aimed to define the relationship between socio-economic status and perceived infertility-related stress. Method: A questionnaire was administered to a population of English speaking females (n=64) seeking infertility treatment at the CReATe In/Fertility Clinic and the In/Fertility Support and Education Program at Women’s College Hospital. Patients completed a 56 statement questionnaire composed of quantitative questions, including Likert-like scales, from the Family Quality of Life Survey and the Fertility Problem Inventory. Financial well-being and five different infertility-related stresses (Social Stress, Sexual Stress, Relationship Stress, Rejection of Childfree Lifestyle and Need for Parenthood) were assessed using this instrument. Results: One way ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant increases in sexual stress (p=0.02) for those with a university education compared to those with a college education. Those with a higher income reported less stress associated with a child-free lifestyle (p=0.03) and a need for parenthood (p=0.02). Conclusions: The findings suggest that for those with lower incomes, more resources should be dedicated to reduce stress related to having a child-free lifestyle and their need for parenthood.
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Perceived Infertility-Related Stress in Women","authors":"F. Mussani, J. Silverman","doi":"10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1225","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility, the inability to conceive a child after 12 consecutive months of unprotected sexual intercourse, is a medical concern for 10-15% of Canadians. For some females, the ability to bear children defines them as a woman and the inability to do so bears a certain stigma. While advancements in medicine have led to assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro fertilization, infertility is still a source of significant chronic stress, marital discord and sexual dysfunction. Some studies have shown that social position can moderate the effect of this infertility-related stress. While there is evidence of a relation between socio-economic status and perceived infertility-related stress, no such studies have been conducted on Canadian women seeking infertility treatment. Purpose: This study aimed to define the relationship between socio-economic status and perceived infertility-related stress. Method: A questionnaire was administered to a population of English speaking females (n=64) seeking infertility treatment at the CReATe In/Fertility Clinic and the In/Fertility Support and Education Program at Women’s College Hospital. Patients completed a 56 statement questionnaire composed of quantitative questions, including Likert-like scales, from the Family Quality of Life Survey and the Fertility Problem Inventory. Financial well-being and five different infertility-related stresses (Social Stress, Sexual Stress, Relationship Stress, Rejection of Childfree Lifestyle and Need for Parenthood) were assessed using this instrument. Results: One way ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant increases in sexual stress (p=0.02) for those with a university education compared to those with a college education. Those with a higher income reported less stress associated with a child-free lifestyle (p=0.03) and a need for parenthood (p=0.02). Conclusions: The findings suggest that for those with lower incomes, more resources should be dedicated to reduce stress related to having a child-free lifestyle and their need for parenthood.","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90892174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medicine in Jordan: A Cross-Cultural Elective Experience","authors":"S. Dabbo","doi":"10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75313274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Niche-Engineering to Control Pluripotent Stem Cell Fate","authors":"Raheem Peerani","doi":"10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"373 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76527503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"I Am a Ghost","authors":"Eric Cadesky","doi":"10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5015/UTMJ.V87I1.1226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89594337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medical Tourism in Developing Countries","authors":"K. MacKay","doi":"10.5860/choice.45-3887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-3887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"125 2-3 1","pages":"76-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80098324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1163/2213-2139_bema_com_034028
Han-Mo Chiu, Andrew Schepmyer
{"title":"Preface from the Editors","authors":"Han-Mo Chiu, Andrew Schepmyer","doi":"10.1163/2213-2139_bema_com_034028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2213-2139_bema_com_034028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"147 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75592226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev.an.14.010185.100001
S. Dugani, Jonathan So
{"title":"Preface from the Editors","authors":"S. Dugani, Jonathan So","doi":"10.1146/annurev.an.14.010185.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.14.010185.100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"148 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80631286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev.so.22.010196.100001
J. Kwan, J. Chan
{"title":"Preface from the Editors","authors":"J. Kwan, J. Chan","doi":"10.1146/annurev.so.22.010196.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.22.010196.100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90800923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ma-3-120710-100001
Diana C. Anderson, Fiona Menzies
{"title":"Preface from the Editors","authors":"Diana C. Anderson, Fiona Menzies","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ma-3-120710-100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ma-3-120710-100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76509314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ma-4-121211-100001
A. Deonarine, Andrea Rowe
More than 20 years after having being written, a manuscript by Edoardo Amaldi comes to the publication. It is about the ‘‘adventurous life’’ of a colleague, Friedrich ‘‘Fritz’’ Georg Houtermans that shared with him a turbulent and dramatic time, starting in the first half of last century. A time, which has undoubtedly influenced the way physics developed, and even more dramatically the private life of men and scientists. Among them, Fritz Houtermans. Why a manuscript Edoardo Amaldi was working on just before his sudden death in 1989 becomes public more than 20 years later? Indeed, recently some lucky circumstances met that came to a full circle within the Physics Institute of the University of Berne, and more particularly within the Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP) and the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics (AEC). Research activities on particle physics started in Berne, and in Switzerland, thanks to Fritz Houtermans, along with his predecessor, Heinrich Greinacher. Houtermans was an essential promoter and protagonist for the development of physics in Berne, with the introduction of a series of activities in the field of elementary particles and important contributions in applied physics. During the Bernese phase, Houtermans was especially devoted to the physics of cosmic rays, using an experimental activity carried out with nuclear emulsion detectors and particle accelerators. Research with nuclear emulsion detectors and particle accelerators—what a coincidence!—have recently experienced a rebirth in Berne: among some consolidated research activities in physics, a renewed interest on nuclear emulsions characterizes the present time of the LHEP, together with the study of new particle detectors. All this and the recent installation of a cyclotron for medical applications the University Hospital in Berne (Inselspital) have naturally led to a new line of research: the application of particle physics to medicine. Hence, the circumstances that recently met in Berne are: elementary particle physics, physics applied to medicine, Amaldi’s family. In fact, to promote the new research field in Berne, Ugo Amaldi was invited to give a seminar on Physics and Medicine, namely ‘‘Hadrontherapy in the world and its recent developments’’.
{"title":"Preface from the Editors","authors":"A. Deonarine, Andrea Rowe","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ma-4-121211-100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ma-4-121211-100001","url":null,"abstract":"More than 20 years after having being written, a manuscript by Edoardo Amaldi comes to the publication. It is about the ‘‘adventurous life’’ of a colleague, Friedrich ‘‘Fritz’’ Georg Houtermans that shared with him a turbulent and dramatic time, starting in the first half of last century. A time, which has undoubtedly influenced the way physics developed, and even more dramatically the private life of men and scientists. Among them, Fritz Houtermans. Why a manuscript Edoardo Amaldi was working on just before his sudden death in 1989 becomes public more than 20 years later? Indeed, recently some lucky circumstances met that came to a full circle within the Physics Institute of the University of Berne, and more particularly within the Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP) and the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics (AEC). Research activities on particle physics started in Berne, and in Switzerland, thanks to Fritz Houtermans, along with his predecessor, Heinrich Greinacher. Houtermans was an essential promoter and protagonist for the development of physics in Berne, with the introduction of a series of activities in the field of elementary particles and important contributions in applied physics. During the Bernese phase, Houtermans was especially devoted to the physics of cosmic rays, using an experimental activity carried out with nuclear emulsion detectors and particle accelerators. Research with nuclear emulsion detectors and particle accelerators—what a coincidence!—have recently experienced a rebirth in Berne: among some consolidated research activities in physics, a renewed interest on nuclear emulsions characterizes the present time of the LHEP, together with the study of new particle detectors. All this and the recent installation of a cyclotron for medical applications the University Hospital in Berne (Inselspital) have naturally led to a new line of research: the application of particle physics to medicine. Hence, the circumstances that recently met in Berne are: elementary particle physics, physics applied to medicine, Amaldi’s family. In fact, to promote the new research field in Berne, Ugo Amaldi was invited to give a seminar on Physics and Medicine, namely ‘‘Hadrontherapy in the world and its recent developments’’.","PeriodicalId":41298,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto Medical Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77712751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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