{"title":"Indian Quest for Hypersonic Missiles in South Asia and Disruption of Strategic Stability in the Indo-Pak Dyad","authors":"A. Abbasi","doi":"10.31945/iprij.230102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.230102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42061033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union allowed for a period of US-centered unipolarity in global affairs. This period has ended;it will not return. Moreover, the delicate neoliberal world order crafted by the United States and its allies is collapsing, unable to endure the stress of the COVID-19 crisis and its aftermath. The rise of China does not, however, mean that the world is returning to a long period of bipolarity --reminiscent of the US-Soviet Cold War. Rather, the United States and China simply happen to be far greater than any of their potential competitors at present-the globe is in a condition of "incomplete multi-polarity." The multipolar system is maturing rapidly, however, and it is to be expected that an increasing number of great and medium powers will pursue their interests unilaterally and assertively. This period of deepening multi-polarity is dangerous. It may plausibly culminate in a Third World War. This analysis examines immediate and longer-term dangers accompanying the new multi-polarity, with particular emphasis on how the security of East and South Asia is inextricably linked.
{"title":"When Unipolarity Dies: The Russo-Ukrainian War, the End of the Neoliberal Order and Asian Security in the 2020s","authors":"D. Walton","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220203","url":null,"abstract":"The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union allowed for a period of US-centered unipolarity in global affairs. This period has ended;it will not return. Moreover, the delicate neoliberal world order crafted by the United States and its allies is collapsing, unable to endure the stress of the COVID-19 crisis and its aftermath. The rise of China does not, however, mean that the world is returning to a long period of bipolarity --reminiscent of the US-Soviet Cold War. Rather, the United States and China simply happen to be far greater than any of their potential competitors at present-the globe is in a condition of \"incomplete multi-polarity.\" The multipolar system is maturing rapidly, however, and it is to be expected that an increasing number of great and medium powers will pursue their interests unilaterally and assertively. This period of deepening multi-polarity is dangerous. It may plausibly culminate in a Third World War. This analysis examines immediate and longer-term dangers accompanying the new multi-polarity, with particular emphasis on how the security of East and South Asia is inextricably linked.","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43879216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"World Politics after the War in Ukraine: Non-polarity and its South Asian Dimensions","authors":"Dr. Arshin Adib-Moghaddam","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46800257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Politico-Strategic Implications of the Russia-Ukraine War for South Asia: A Bangladeshi Perspective","authors":"Dr. Bhumitra Chakma","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49518836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Russo-Ukrainian War has had a global impact on financial markets, commodity prices and military alliances. Initially, for the West to assume Russia would be negligent of its security interests following the Cold War, was a major mistake. The whole world, including South Asia, is now paying a price. As such, this paper looks at the impacts of the Russo-Ukrainian War on South Asia from an Afghan perspective given the fact that Afghanistan has the longest engagement with its neighbour in the north, besides being an integral part of the SAARC. The paper argues that the Russo-Ukrainian War entails negative consequences for South Asian stability — with a particular focus on the situation in Afghanistan —and the region’s economies. The paper also suggests that the Russo-Ukrainian War will impact alliance politics variably in South Asia, depending on each country’s interests. Similarly, the paper notes that both Pakistan and India can learn invaluable lessons with respect to the use of modern technology such as surveillance drones in conventional warfare during the 21 century. Finally, the paper concludes by noting that no amount of trade and economic * Arwin Rahi is a former adviser to the Parwan governor in Afghanistan. He is a Fulbright scholar, a recipient of two Congressional Fellowships, and a researcher at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terror (START) at the University of Maryland. He can be reached at rahiarwin@gmail.com. ___________________ @2022 by the Islamabad Policy Research Institute. IPRI Journal ◼ XXII (2): 77-102 https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220205
{"title":"The Impact of Russo-Ukrainian War on South Asia: An Afghan Perspective","authors":"Arwin Rahi","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220205","url":null,"abstract":"The Russo-Ukrainian War has had a global impact on financial markets, commodity prices and military alliances. Initially, for the West to assume Russia would be negligent of its security interests following the Cold War, was a major mistake. The whole world, including South Asia, is now paying a price. As such, this paper looks at the impacts of the Russo-Ukrainian War on South Asia from an Afghan perspective given the fact that Afghanistan has the longest engagement with its neighbour in the north, besides being an integral part of the SAARC. The paper argues that the Russo-Ukrainian War entails negative consequences for South Asian stability — with a particular focus on the situation in Afghanistan —and the region’s economies. The paper also suggests that the Russo-Ukrainian War will impact alliance politics variably in South Asia, depending on each country’s interests. Similarly, the paper notes that both Pakistan and India can learn invaluable lessons with respect to the use of modern technology such as surveillance drones in conventional warfare during the 21 century. Finally, the paper concludes by noting that no amount of trade and economic * Arwin Rahi is a former adviser to the Parwan governor in Afghanistan. He is a Fulbright scholar, a recipient of two Congressional Fellowships, and a researcher at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terror (START) at the University of Maryland. He can be reached at rahiarwin@gmail.com. ___________________ @2022 by the Islamabad Policy Research Institute. IPRI Journal ◼ XXII (2): 77-102 https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220205","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fighting for Freedom: Ukrainian Assessment of the Implications of the Russian Invasion for South Asia","authors":"O. Haran, Petro Burkovskyi","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41461085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to different types of democracy Indexes, hybrid regimes or those in the gray zone, make up the majority of regime transformations in the third wave of democracy. However, after nearly three decades, conceptual confusion about hybrid regimes persists and grows, while obstructing the accumulation of knowledge about the nature of hybrid regimes. This leads to significant political repercussions for democratization. This Paper attempts to provide a clearer view of different and overlapping concepts. The classifications in this complex field, and sustain development in democratic transformation are highlighted in the literature review. To achieve this, we followed an approach based on the classification of concepts and terms in three distinct categories, based on the different trends and successive stages in literature on hybrid regimes. This limits the conceptual stretching and intellectual bias. It also helps to extrapolate the elements of contrast and diversity to highlight the prospects for the transition to those regimes as much as possible. The Paper reached a number of results. The transition paradigm was the product of a previous stage during the strong early days of the third wave. Similarly, the subsequent facts have proven that this was not "the end of history." The hybrid regimes expressed these facts through their different patterns that were in multiple directions due to various cases and contexts. Therefore, the transition outcomes are also as accommodating towards the diversity in the experiences of different democratic countries.
{"title":"Hybrid regimes: An Overview","authors":"Dr. Muntasser Majeed Hameed","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220101","url":null,"abstract":"According to different types of democracy Indexes, hybrid regimes or those in the gray zone, make up the majority of regime transformations in the third wave of democracy. However, after nearly three decades, conceptual confusion about hybrid regimes persists and grows, while obstructing the accumulation of knowledge about the nature of hybrid regimes. This leads to significant political repercussions for democratization. This Paper attempts to provide a clearer view of different and overlapping concepts. The classifications in this complex field, and sustain development in democratic transformation are highlighted in the literature review. To achieve this, we followed an approach based on the classification of concepts and terms in three distinct categories, based on the different trends and successive stages in literature on hybrid regimes. This limits the conceptual stretching and intellectual bias. It also helps to extrapolate the elements of contrast and diversity to highlight the prospects for the transition to those regimes as much as possible. The Paper reached a number of results. The transition paradigm was the product of a previous stage during the strong early days of the third wave. Similarly, the subsequent facts have proven that this was not \"the end of history.\" The hybrid regimes expressed these facts through their different patterns that were in multiple directions due to various cases and contexts. Therefore, the transition outcomes are also as accommodating towards the diversity in the experiences of different democratic countries.","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49465907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper will analyze how in the last 51 years of Bangladesh’s Independence, Pakistan has viewed its former part positively transforming in human and social development without any hostility, jealousy, prejudice, mistrust or paranoia. The role of political parties, civil society and youth in altering Pakistan-Bangladesh relations for the better will also be examined in detail. An interesting aspect of Pakistan-Bangladesh relations is the debate in Dhaka which got an impetus on the occasion of the 50 th anniversary of Bangladesh’s Independence that their country has left Pakistan behind in important indicators of human security and development like economic growth rate, foreign exchange reserves, exports, literacy ratio, poverty alleviation, women empowerment and controlling religious fanaticism. Ups and downs in Pakistan-Bangladesh relations are linked with the internal dynamics of Dhaka particularly, when Awami League is in power and uses the ‘Pakistan card’ to mobilize popular sentiments and support for domestic political consumption. Some of the measures which can help augment political will, mutual trust and confidence between Pakistan and Bangladesh relate to easing of visa restrictions, better air connectivity, shipping links, joint ventures, cultural and educational cooperation. Furthermore, award of scholarships to Bangladeshi and Pakistani students to study in each other’s educational institutions will go a long way in building confidence and goodwill particularly, among the youths of the two countries.
{"title":"Pakistan-Bangladesh relations – Prospects and Way Forward","authors":"Dr. Moonis Ahmar","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220107","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will analyze how in the last 51 years of Bangladesh’s Independence, Pakistan has viewed its former part positively transforming in human and social development without any hostility, jealousy, prejudice, mistrust or paranoia. The role of political parties, civil society and youth in altering Pakistan-Bangladesh relations for the better will also be examined in detail. An interesting aspect of Pakistan-Bangladesh relations is the debate in Dhaka which got an impetus on the occasion of the 50 th anniversary of Bangladesh’s Independence that their country has left Pakistan behind in important indicators of human security and development like economic growth rate, foreign exchange reserves, exports, literacy ratio, poverty alleviation, women empowerment and controlling religious fanaticism. Ups and downs in Pakistan-Bangladesh relations are linked with the internal dynamics of Dhaka particularly, when Awami League is in power and uses the ‘Pakistan card’ to mobilize popular sentiments and support for domestic political consumption. Some of the measures which can help augment political will, mutual trust and confidence between Pakistan and Bangladesh relate to easing of visa restrictions, better air connectivity, shipping links, joint ventures, cultural and educational cooperation. Furthermore, award of scholarships to Bangladeshi and Pakistani students to study in each other’s educational institutions will go a long way in building confidence and goodwill particularly, among the youths of the two countries.","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49423877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a hypothetical sense, hybrid war, in its all nuances, may prove extremely damaging for Pakistan due to certain evident fault lines in country’s security infrastructure and body politic. India and its closest allies did try to find several avenues, which could be exploited with their location within Pakistan’s political, religious, cultural, and psychological domains. Pakistan’s response to India’s Hybrid War, as exposed recently by the European Watchdog through the ‘Indian Chronicles’, has been of great significance and worth investigating. Pakistan was able to sail through the troubling times, unleashed by this Hybrid War imposed by India. It retrospectively offers a formative case study in this context. This paper aims to explore how and what kind of a Hybrid War was imposed on Pakistan, which could rather prove a recurrent security threat. In addition, an effort has been made to determine pathways and methodologies adopted by the hostile neighbour to achieve its defined objectives by undertaking diverse insidious pathways.
{"title":"Hybrid Warfare and its Nuances: A Case-Study from South Asia","authors":"Dr Farah Naz, Dr Zia ul Haque Shamsi","doi":"10.31945/iprij.220102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31945/iprij.220102","url":null,"abstract":"In a hypothetical sense, hybrid war, in its all nuances, may prove extremely damaging for Pakistan due to certain evident fault lines in country’s security infrastructure and body politic. India and its closest allies did try to find several avenues, which could be exploited with their location within Pakistan’s political, religious, cultural, and psychological domains. Pakistan’s response to India’s Hybrid War, as exposed recently by the European Watchdog through the ‘Indian Chronicles’, has been of great significance and worth investigating. Pakistan was able to sail through the troubling times, unleashed by this Hybrid War imposed by India. It retrospectively offers a formative case study in this context. This paper aims to explore how and what kind of a Hybrid War was imposed on Pakistan, which could rather prove a recurrent security threat. In addition, an effort has been made to determine pathways and methodologies adopted by the hostile neighbour to achieve its defined objectives by undertaking diverse insidious pathways.","PeriodicalId":41363,"journal":{"name":"IPRI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42535851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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