Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0003
Danila Zuljan Kumar
Abstract A discourse is considered coherent only if all its parts are semantically related to each other and if it makes sense. However, coherence cannot be attributed to a discourse in advance because it depends on how the participants understand what they hear/ read. So we can say that it is not the discourse that establishes coherence, but the participants according to their understanding of a discourse. In practise, this means that for the same discourse there are at least two coherences that may or may not match up. Usually they match up to some extent because participants follow the cooperative principle of mutual willingness to establish coherence in discourse. There are several strategies for establishing and maintaining discourse coherence; among them, repetition and inference form an extensive group. In this paper, however, I will focus only on the strategies that are typical of spontaneous spoken discourse. These are the following: questions, completion, contradiction and polyphonic talk. In the second part of the article I will present each of them in the examples of spontaneous dialectal discourse. The texts were recorded in Brda, a region in the far west of Slovenia. The dialect spoken there is called the Brda dialect. It belongs to the Littoral dialect group of the Slovene language.
{"title":"Strategies for establishing discourse coherence. The case of Slovene dialectal discourse","authors":"Danila Zuljan Kumar","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A discourse is considered coherent only if all its parts are semantically related to each other and if it makes sense. However, coherence cannot be attributed to a discourse in advance because it depends on how the participants understand what they hear/ read. So we can say that it is not the discourse that establishes coherence, but the participants according to their understanding of a discourse. In practise, this means that for the same discourse there are at least two coherences that may or may not match up. Usually they match up to some extent because participants follow the cooperative principle of mutual willingness to establish coherence in discourse. There are several strategies for establishing and maintaining discourse coherence; among them, repetition and inference form an extensive group. In this paper, however, I will focus only on the strategies that are typical of spontaneous spoken discourse. These are the following: questions, completion, contradiction and polyphonic talk. In the second part of the article I will present each of them in the examples of spontaneous dialectal discourse. The texts were recorded in Brda, a region in the far west of Slovenia. The dialect spoken there is called the Brda dialect. It belongs to the Littoral dialect group of the Slovene language.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"51 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46497946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0008
F. Krier
Abstract This study deals with a rarely discussed lexicological and semantic issue, Luxemburgish names of inns. I was astonished by their large number and their diversification. In the Middle Ages, many people could not read, therefore an inn was indicated by a sign, for instance that of a raven that gave it its name. The name of the inn could give its situation in the village in order to help foreigners to find their way, for instance “At the market”. I examine historical relations, too, like “way of the Romans” and, on the other hand, names of animals, such as “At the raven”. Last not least I have discovered funny names like “kitchen of the devil” and original names, for instance ”Why not?” or “The peppercorn”. I don’t neither forget a very old house name, “Plutoshaff”, founded in the eighteenth century by Franz Plutot, a personality of the village.
{"title":"Luxemburger Wirtshausnamen","authors":"F. Krier","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study deals with a rarely discussed lexicological and semantic issue, Luxemburgish names of inns. I was astonished by their large number and their diversification. In the Middle Ages, many people could not read, therefore an inn was indicated by a sign, for instance that of a raven that gave it its name. The name of the inn could give its situation in the village in order to help foreigners to find their way, for instance “At the market”. I examine historical relations, too, like “way of the Romans” and, on the other hand, names of animals, such as “At the raven”. Last not least I have discovered funny names like “kitchen of the devil” and original names, for instance ”Why not?” or “The peppercorn”. I don’t neither forget a very old house name, “Plutoshaff”, founded in the eighteenth century by Franz Plutot, a personality of the village.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"145 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45448770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0004
Fumio Inoue, Yasushi Hanzawa, K. Tanabe, Akemi Yamashita
Abstract This paper introduces the concept of “memory time” and gives an overview of its application to dialect forms that refer to “father”. Changes in many regions are shown by glottograms that simultaneously show regional and generational differences. The usage of kinship terms in Japanese shows interesting sociolinguistic features. It is linked to the consciousness of attribution to a specific social class. Due to the agricultural land reform after the war, the difference in social hierarchy within the rural areas became smaller, but the distinction or disparity made by kinship terms remained. Although the agricultural land reform was carried out all over the country at the same time, the standard form o-too-san for “father” gradually spread throughout the country in the latter half of the 20th century. The diffusion pattern is similar to other standard forms. From the above, it can be concluded that the standard form otoo-san was not directly influenced by changes in social stratification, but was the spread of standard language only in words without social-class background. The ultimate mechanism of change was found to be the “law of respect reduction”.
{"title":"Real time and memory time of “father”. Social and linguistic motivation observed in Glottograms","authors":"Fumio Inoue, Yasushi Hanzawa, K. Tanabe, Akemi Yamashita","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper introduces the concept of “memory time” and gives an overview of its application to dialect forms that refer to “father”. Changes in many regions are shown by glottograms that simultaneously show regional and generational differences. The usage of kinship terms in Japanese shows interesting sociolinguistic features. It is linked to the consciousness of attribution to a specific social class. Due to the agricultural land reform after the war, the difference in social hierarchy within the rural areas became smaller, but the distinction or disparity made by kinship terms remained. Although the agricultural land reform was carried out all over the country at the same time, the standard form o-too-san for “father” gradually spread throughout the country in the latter half of the 20th century. The diffusion pattern is similar to other standard forms. From the above, it can be concluded that the standard form otoo-san was not directly influenced by changes in social stratification, but was the spread of standard language only in words without social-class background. The ultimate mechanism of change was found to be the “law of respect reduction”.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"69 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46394845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0006
M. Cáceres-Lorenzo
Abstract Historia medicinal (1565–1574) is an educational work that sought to promote knowledge of American phytotherapy for academic and economic purposes. This educational aim was accomplished after its publishing success in Spain and other European countries. Our objective is to examine the American words Nicolas Monardes chose and assess the degree of penetration of Native American loanwords and Americanised hispanicisms which have become fully incorporated into current American Spanish. The degree of penetration is measured through the variables with which they appear in the text (loanwords, number of appearances with or without explanation, used in medicine, medical term). 93 words were analysed using quantitative methodology and different degrees of penetration were detected. These terms included Native American loanwords, mediaeval medical hispanicisms, Spanish words created to describe American reality and neologisms that were widespread in the 16th century.
{"title":"Hispanic-American dialectology in the 16th century. Penetration of Americanisms in Nicolas Monardes’ Historia Medicinal","authors":"M. Cáceres-Lorenzo","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Historia medicinal (1565–1574) is an educational work that sought to promote knowledge of American phytotherapy for academic and economic purposes. This educational aim was accomplished after its publishing success in Spain and other European countries. Our objective is to examine the American words Nicolas Monardes chose and assess the degree of penetration of Native American loanwords and Americanised hispanicisms which have become fully incorporated into current American Spanish. The degree of penetration is measured through the variables with which they appear in the text (loanwords, number of appearances with or without explanation, used in medicine, medical term). 93 words were analysed using quantitative methodology and different degrees of penetration were detected. These terms included Native American loanwords, mediaeval medical hispanicisms, Spanish words created to describe American reality and neologisms that were widespread in the 16th century.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"115 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42800414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0002
Salvatore Del Gaudio
Abstract The linguistic description of the dialect of Vyšneve (Černihiv, Ukraine) can be considered a milestone of a more comprehensive dialectal and sociolinguistic study on the dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian and, to a lesser extent, Russian border areas of eastern Polissia. Some of the most representative features of the Vyšneve dialect and its relation to Belarusian have already been the object of previous linguistic analysis. The village is situated about 35 km north-east of the city of Černihiv (regional centre); 12 km south-east of the town of Ripky (former district centre). The distance to the Belarusian border is approximately 35 kilometers. Only the former district of Horodjans’k separates Vyšneve from the region of Brjansk (Russian Federation). The factual material examined in this article aims to complete previous research gaps and, at the same time, intends to foster further theoretical reflections about the origin of these border dialects. The analysis of this local dialect (which includes the phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical levels) in fact lays the foundation for successive and more advanced stages of research on the Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian border dialects. In this contribution the dialectal features will be systematically compared with both the neighbouring Belarusian dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian continuum and with the nearby southern Russian dialects, particularly with their western group. The latter, in fact, shares with the neighbouring Ukrainian and Belarusian border dialects a series of isoglosses and idiosyncratic traits.
{"title":"The North Ukrainian dialect of Vyšneve in the East Slavic context: towards a final description","authors":"Salvatore Del Gaudio","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The linguistic description of the dialect of Vyšneve (Černihiv, Ukraine) can be considered a milestone of a more comprehensive dialectal and sociolinguistic study on the dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian and, to a lesser extent, Russian border areas of eastern Polissia. Some of the most representative features of the Vyšneve dialect and its relation to Belarusian have already been the object of previous linguistic analysis. The village is situated about 35 km north-east of the city of Černihiv (regional centre); 12 km south-east of the town of Ripky (former district centre). The distance to the Belarusian border is approximately 35 kilometers. Only the former district of Horodjans’k separates Vyšneve from the region of Brjansk (Russian Federation). The factual material examined in this article aims to complete previous research gaps and, at the same time, intends to foster further theoretical reflections about the origin of these border dialects. The analysis of this local dialect (which includes the phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical levels) in fact lays the foundation for successive and more advanced stages of research on the Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian border dialects. In this contribution the dialectal features will be systematically compared with both the neighbouring Belarusian dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian continuum and with the nearby southern Russian dialects, particularly with their western group. The latter, in fact, shares with the neighbouring Ukrainian and Belarusian border dialects a series of isoglosses and idiosyncratic traits.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"23 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44772747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2022-0005
A. Cole
Abstract This paper provides a dialectological account of the variety spoken by the first generation to grow up in a community in Essex populated by East Londoners after World War II. The dialect spoken by 15 speakers (female = 9; male =6) born between 1944 and 1969 is detailed in terms of vowels, consonants, morpho-syntactic features, and a brief discussion of Cockney Rhyming Slang. Comparisons are made with previous accounts of the working-class, East London dialect, Cockney, as well as the dialects of Essex (East London’s neighbouring county), East Anglia, South East England and Multicultural London English, the dialect now prevalent in the speech of young East Londoners. There are remarkable similarities between the English spoken in this Essex community and previous accounts of Cockney, including its most defining features. This Essex dialect is certainly encapsulated within the natural range of variation within Cockney and far surpasses the Cockney influences observed in other areas of the South East. Conclusively it can be determined that Cockney did move to Essex along with the communities who relocated.
{"title":"Cockney moved East: the dialect of the first generation of East Londoners raised in Essex","authors":"A. Cole","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper provides a dialectological account of the variety spoken by the first generation to grow up in a community in Essex populated by East Londoners after World War II. The dialect spoken by 15 speakers (female = 9; male =6) born between 1944 and 1969 is detailed in terms of vowels, consonants, morpho-syntactic features, and a brief discussion of Cockney Rhyming Slang. Comparisons are made with previous accounts of the working-class, East London dialect, Cockney, as well as the dialects of Essex (East London’s neighbouring county), East Anglia, South East England and Multicultural London English, the dialect now prevalent in the speech of young East Londoners. There are remarkable similarities between the English spoken in this Essex community and previous accounts of Cockney, including its most defining features. This Essex dialect is certainly encapsulated within the natural range of variation within Cockney and far surpasses the Cockney influences observed in other areas of the South East. Conclusively it can be determined that Cockney did move to Essex along with the communities who relocated.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"30 1","pages":"91 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42640788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2021-0003
Manuela Nevaci
Abstract The following presentation is based on the lexical material from vols 1–3 published so far in Atlasului lingvistic român pe regiuni. Sinteză – ALRR. Sinteză [ALRR. Synthesis] [The Romanian linguistic atlas by regions. Synthesis - ALRR. Synthesis]. I, 2007, II, 2012, III, 2018, which includes the answers to the first two chapters of the NALR Questionnaire: 1. Human body (body parts, diseases, physical and moral qualities) (vols I and II of the atlas) and 2. Family (relatives, birth, marriage, death) (vol. III of the atlas). The present study highlights the presence of German loanwords over a wider area than it was known until now. It is worth mentioning, in this respect, German loanwords that have entered the southern area or that have acquired here meanings that are not attested in other areas of the country: tro̯ácă ‘skull’ (Oltenia), ‘cradle’ (Muntenia, Oltenia), scrofuri ‘tonsils (goiter)’ (Muntenia, Oltenia), tron ‘coffin’ (compact area in Oltenia).
摘要以下陈述基于迄今为止发表在Atlasului lingvistic român pe regiuni上的第1-3卷的词汇材料。Sintză–ALRR。Sintză[ALR.Synthesis][按地区划分的罗马尼亚语言图谱。Synthesis-ALRR.Synthesis]。I、 2007、II、2012、III、2018，其中包括NALR问卷前两章的答案：1。人体（身体部位、疾病、身体和道德素质）（图集第一卷和第二卷）和2。家庭（亲属、出生、婚姻、死亡）（图集第三卷）。目前的研究强调了德语外来词的存在范围比目前所知的更广。值得一提的是，在这方面，已经进入南部地区或在这里获得了在该国其他地区未被证实的含义的德语外来词：tro̯ácă“头骨”（Oltenia）、“摇篮”（Muntenia，Oltenia。
{"title":"Romanian words of German Origin (based on ALRR. Sinteză, vol. 1–3)","authors":"Manuela Nevaci","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following presentation is based on the lexical material from vols 1–3 published so far in Atlasului lingvistic român pe regiuni. Sinteză – ALRR. Sinteză [ALRR. Synthesis] [The Romanian linguistic atlas by regions. Synthesis - ALRR. Synthesis]. I, 2007, II, 2012, III, 2018, which includes the answers to the first two chapters of the NALR Questionnaire: 1. Human body (body parts, diseases, physical and moral qualities) (vols I and II of the atlas) and 2. Family (relatives, birth, marriage, death) (vol. III of the atlas). The present study highlights the presence of German loanwords over a wider area than it was known until now. It is worth mentioning, in this respect, German loanwords that have entered the southern area or that have acquired here meanings that are not attested in other areas of the country: tro̯ácă ‘skull’ (Oltenia), ‘cradle’ (Muntenia, Oltenia), scrofuri ‘tonsils (goiter)’ (Muntenia, Oltenia), tron ‘coffin’ (compact area in Oltenia).","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"29 1","pages":"37 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49320368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2021-0002
Barbara Bába
Abstract Any scholarly description of Hungarian dialects may only be possible for the time period after the settlement of the Hungarian-speaking population in the Carpathian Basin. Research in historical dialectology has primarily focused on the phonological characterization of 11th-14th century conditions, while in terms of sources, scholars have so far relied primarily on early data related to tribes’ names, historical data recorded in charters, today’s dialects, as well as evidence provided by related languages and elements borrowed from others. My paper sets out to establish the value of various sources in historical dialectology in view of our current knowledge in language history and calls attention to related methodological pitfalls. As most of these source types may also greatly contribute to the better understanding of the history of other languages, these methodological issues are relevant not only for Hungarian historical linguistics and dialectology but also more generally. The research and writing of this essay has been supported by the University of Debrecen and the MTA Premium Postdoctoral Research Program, Eötvös Loránd Research Network.
{"title":"Sources in historical dialectology","authors":"Barbara Bába","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Any scholarly description of Hungarian dialects may only be possible for the time period after the settlement of the Hungarian-speaking population in the Carpathian Basin. Research in historical dialectology has primarily focused on the phonological characterization of 11th-14th century conditions, while in terms of sources, scholars have so far relied primarily on early data related to tribes’ names, historical data recorded in charters, today’s dialects, as well as evidence provided by related languages and elements borrowed from others. My paper sets out to establish the value of various sources in historical dialectology in view of our current knowledge in language history and calls attention to related methodological pitfalls. As most of these source types may also greatly contribute to the better understanding of the history of other languages, these methodological issues are relevant not only for Hungarian historical linguistics and dialectology but also more generally. The research and writing of this essay has been supported by the University of Debrecen and the MTA Premium Postdoctoral Research Program, Eötvös Loránd Research Network.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"29 1","pages":"19 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48374493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2021-0007
I. Camino
Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the innovations of the Basque in the Salazar Valley, which is located in northeastern Navarre, and compare them with those of the Continental Basque Country in order to try to obtain chronological and geolinguistic information on the innovations of the wide eastern Basque Country. To achieve my purpose, I drew upon descriptions of the Basque dialect spoken in the Salazar Valley. This study analyzed texts dating from the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries from the Continental Basque Country as well as samples from the last two centuries from the Navarrese Pyrenees. The data collected from this region were examined with regard to the behavior of the isoglosses within the Continental Basque Country in earlier stages. I examined innovations with particular attention to what geographical diffusion model they showed and how far they spread. In addition, I analyzed what isogloss boundaries are recurrent and what innovations were transferred from the Pyrenees toward Navarre. I found that the Basque spoken in Lower Navarre has undergone change that has spread toward Labourd. Regarding contact with other dialects, it shares features with Labourdin to the west, and with Souletin to the east. On the assumption that Lower Navarre and Labourd have recently converged, a future hypothesis to test would be whether Lower Navarre merged with Soule in earlier stages.
{"title":"On continental Basque dialects and some aspects of their chronology","authors":"I. Camino","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the innovations of the Basque in the Salazar Valley, which is located in northeastern Navarre, and compare them with those of the Continental Basque Country in order to try to obtain chronological and geolinguistic information on the innovations of the wide eastern Basque Country. To achieve my purpose, I drew upon descriptions of the Basque dialect spoken in the Salazar Valley. This study analyzed texts dating from the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries from the Continental Basque Country as well as samples from the last two centuries from the Navarrese Pyrenees. The data collected from this region were examined with regard to the behavior of the isoglosses within the Continental Basque Country in earlier stages. I examined innovations with particular attention to what geographical diffusion model they showed and how far they spread. In addition, I analyzed what isogloss boundaries are recurrent and what innovations were transferred from the Pyrenees toward Navarre. I found that the Basque spoken in Lower Navarre has undergone change that has spread toward Labourd. Regarding contact with other dialects, it shares features with Labourdin to the west, and with Souletin to the east. On the assumption that Lower Navarre and Labourd have recently converged, a future hypothesis to test would be whether Lower Navarre merged with Soule in earlier stages.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":"29 1","pages":"107 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45727627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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