Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2019-0006
M. Markus
Abstract The recent publication of EDD Online version 3.0 (March 2019), based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905), raises the question of what this last version, again provided by an Innsbruck project team, has added or changed in comparison to the previous ones. This paper describes the main improvements, focusing on five points: (1) the integration of the Supplement, (2) the implementation of a new kwic concordance, (3) the elaboration of the sorting modes applicable on the result lists after queries, (4) the new possibilities of quantifying retrievals, and (5) the elaboration of the last-result mode allowing more parameters and filters to be compatible with each other. The last chapter sketchily refers to further assets of the new version. The paper illustrates all its points by practical examples and screen shots. In doing so, it also provides an introduction to the sophisticated search tools now available in our interface and to the enormous dialectological and lexicographic potential of the digitised version of the most comprehensive English dialect dictionary ever published.
{"title":"EDD Online: What is new in its latest version 3.0","authors":"M. Markus","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The recent publication of EDD Online version 3.0 (March 2019), based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905), raises the question of what this last version, again provided by an Innsbruck project team, has added or changed in comparison to the previous ones. This paper describes the main improvements, focusing on five points: (1) the integration of the Supplement, (2) the implementation of a new kwic concordance, (3) the elaboration of the sorting modes applicable on the result lists after queries, (4) the new possibilities of quantifying retrievals, and (5) the elaboration of the last-result mode allowing more parameters and filters to be compatible with each other. The last chapter sketchily refers to further assets of the new version. The paper illustrates all its points by practical examples and screen shots. In doing so, it also provides an introduction to the sophisticated search tools now available in our interface and to the enormous dialectological and lexicographic potential of the digitised version of the most comprehensive English dialect dictionary ever published.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2019-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47954708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2019-0007
Danila Zuljan Kumar
Abstract Repetition is a natural phenomenon employed to perform a variety of cognitive, psychological, interactional, stylistic, didactic and pragmatic functions in spoken and written discourse. Adopting the method of discourse analysis, the study attempts to explore the pragmatic functions of repetitions as used in spoken dialect narrative discourse. On a propositional level, only those repetitions which establish and maintain co-reference are necessary, all other forms seem to be redundant. However, if we take into account their pragmatic functions, they are not, as the data gathered in the study show. In fact, speakers use them, deliberately or not, as an effective communication strategy in the following functions: to extend the planning time to find a suitable lexeme, to enhance the importance of a lexeme, to emphasize the length of an event, after an interruption, to eliminate uncertainty and to confirm the correctness of the co-speaker’s statement. They also reveal the speakers emotions, like his/her emotional shock, and are used as a part of the so-called conversational duet. The data include the transcripts of the interviews with 6 dialect speakers in the Brda/Collio region, western Slovenia.
{"title":"Pragmatic functions of repetitions in spontaneous spoken dialect discourse","authors":"Danila Zuljan Kumar","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Repetition is a natural phenomenon employed to perform a variety of cognitive, psychological, interactional, stylistic, didactic and pragmatic functions in spoken and written discourse. Adopting the method of discourse analysis, the study attempts to explore the pragmatic functions of repetitions as used in spoken dialect narrative discourse. On a propositional level, only those repetitions which establish and maintain co-reference are necessary, all other forms seem to be redundant. However, if we take into account their pragmatic functions, they are not, as the data gathered in the study show. In fact, speakers use them, deliberately or not, as an effective communication strategy in the following functions: to extend the planning time to find a suitable lexeme, to enhance the importance of a lexeme, to emphasize the length of an event, after an interruption, to eliminate uncertainty and to confirm the correctness of the co-speaker’s statement. They also reveal the speakers emotions, like his/her emotional shock, and are used as a part of the so-called conversational duet. The data include the transcripts of the interviews with 6 dialect speakers in the Brda/Collio region, western Slovenia.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2019-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45819026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2019-0009
Hans Goebl
{"title":"Atlante linguistico italiano, vol. IX: La Società (In strada; veicoli e viaggi; alla fontana, all’osteria), carte 832–951. Turin: Istituto dell’Atlante Linguistico Italiano. 2018","authors":"Hans Goebl","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2019-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2019-0002
T. Blaxter
Abstract Tracing the diffusion of linguistic innovations in space from historical sources is challenging. The complexity of the datasets needed in combination with the noisy reality of historical language data mean that it has not been practical until recently. However, bigger historical corpora with richer spatial and temporal information allow us to attempt it. This paper presents an investigation into changes affecting first person non-singular pronouns in the history of Norwegian: first, individual changes affecting the dual (vit > mit) and plural (vér > mér), followed by loss of the dual-plural distinction by merger into either form or replacement of both by Danish-Swedish vi. To create dynamic spatial visualisations of these changes, the use of kernel density estimation is proposed. This term covers a range of statistical tools depending on the kernel function. The paper argues for a Gaussian kernel in time and an adaptive uniform (k-nearest neighbours) kernel in space, allowing uncertainty or multiple localisation to be incorporated into calculations. The results for this dataset allow us to make a link between Modern Norwegian dialectological patterns and language use in the Middle Ages; they also exemplify different types of diffusion process in the spread of linguistic innovations.
{"title":"Ther varom mid j hia: Tracing linguistic diffusion in the history of Norwegian using kernel density estimation","authors":"T. Blaxter","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tracing the diffusion of linguistic innovations in space from historical sources is challenging. The complexity of the datasets needed in combination with the noisy reality of historical language data mean that it has not been practical until recently. However, bigger historical corpora with richer spatial and temporal information allow us to attempt it. This paper presents an investigation into changes affecting first person non-singular pronouns in the history of Norwegian: first, individual changes affecting the dual (vit > mit) and plural (vér > mér), followed by loss of the dual-plural distinction by merger into either form or replacement of both by Danish-Swedish vi. To create dynamic spatial visualisations of these changes, the use of kernel density estimation is proposed. This term covers a range of statistical tools depending on the kernel function. The paper argues for a Gaussian kernel in time and an adaptive uniform (k-nearest neighbours) kernel in space, allowing uncertainty or multiple localisation to be incorporated into calculations. The results for this dataset allow us to make a link between Modern Norwegian dialectological patterns and language use in the Middle Ages; they also exemplify different types of diffusion process in the spread of linguistic innovations.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2019-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44635919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2019-0001
F. Benozzo
{"title":"In memoriam Mario Alinei (1926–2018)","authors":"F. Benozzo","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2019-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43274730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0002
F. Ursini, Haiping Long
The goal of this paper is to offer an overview of the grammatical and lexical properties of spatial categories in Aquilan, an Italian dialect. The paper shows that spatial prepositions (e.g. a ‘at/to’, ‘nfronte a ‘in front of’), pronouns and indexicals (e.g. pe‘nfronte lit. ‘to in front (of a place)’, loc’arrete ‘there behind’, respectively) share two key properties. The first, a lexical property, is their ability to refer to the location of discourse referent, whence the “spatial” label. The second, a grammatical property, is their similar distribution in sentences and discourse contexts. The paper thoroughly presents these Aquilan data and sketches, as a theoretical analysis that connects these categories into a unified account.
本文的目的是概述意大利阿奎兰方言中空间范畴的语法和词汇特性。文章表明，空间介词（如“at/to”、“nfronte a”在前面）、代词和索引词（如pe'fronte lit.“to in front（of a place）”、loc“rrete”there behind）分别具有两个关键性质。第一，词汇性质，是指代话语指称物的位置的能力，“空间”标签由此而来。第二，语法性质，是它们在句子和话语语境中的相似分布。本文全面介绍了这些阿奎兰数据和草图，作为一种理论分析，将这些类别连接到一个统一的账户中。
{"title":"Spatial categories in Aquilan","authors":"F. Ursini, Haiping Long","doi":"10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The goal of this paper is to offer an overview of the grammatical and lexical properties of spatial categories in Aquilan, an Italian dialect. The paper shows that spatial prepositions (e.g. a ‘at/to’, ‘nfronte a ‘in front of’), pronouns and indexicals (e.g. pe‘nfronte lit. ‘to in front (of a place)’, loc’arrete ‘there behind’, respectively) share two key properties. The first, a lexical property, is their ability to refer to the location of discourse referent, whence the “spatial” label. The second, a grammatical property, is their similar distribution in sentences and discourse contexts. The paper thoroughly presents these Aquilan data and sketches, as a theoretical analysis that connects these categories into a unified account.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42742939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0007
G. Kačiuškienė
The Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language is interesting in synchronic, diachronic, typological, and ethnogenetic aspects; its idioms bear some witness to contacts of Lithuanian and Semigalian languages (Kačiuškienė 2009). The secondary types of pitch accents of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys were discussed in Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 24 (Kačiuškienė 2016). The auditory and instrumental research proved that two secondary types of pitch accents contrast in the pure and mixed diphthongs of the forms of some dialectal verbs and denominative words in the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language. This is a distinctive opposition. It is possible that the opposition relates to Proto-Baltic accentuation paradigms. The secondary types of pitch accents have different acoustic properties. The most distinct are the quantitative characteristics of diphthongs and characteristics of the fundamental pitch. The detailed analysis of the prosodic system of the Northern Panevėžys dialect in the present article is based on the data of the author’s native dialect and the instrumental and auditory research (see (Kačiuškienė 2006)). The results of the research of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys are important to the comparative and historical dialectology of the Baltic languages; they can be used in typological research and in the classroom as teaching materials.
立陶宛语Panevëžys的Aukštaitian北部方言在共时性、历时性、类型学和人种遗传学方面都很有趣；它的习语见证了立陶宛语和塞米加利亚语的接触（Kačiuškienï2009）。Panevëžys的Aukštaitian北部方言的音高重音的次要类型在Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 24（Kačiuškienë2016）中进行了讨论。听觉和工具学研究证明，立陶宛语帕涅日斯的北奥什泰方言中，一些方言动词和命名词的形式的纯双元音和混合双元音中存在两种次要的音高重音类型。这是一个明显的反对意见。这种对立可能与原波罗的海重音范式有关。次要类型的音高重音具有不同的声学特性。最明显的是双元音的数量特征和基本音高的特征。本文对北帕内韦日方言韵律系统的详细分析是基于作者的本土方言数据以及工具和听觉研究（见（Kačiuškienë2006））。帕涅夫日斯北部奥克什泰方言的研究结果对波罗的海语言的比较和历史方言学具有重要意义；它们可以用于类型学研究和课堂教学。
{"title":"Prosodical System of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language","authors":"G. Kačiuškienė","doi":"10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language is interesting in synchronic, diachronic, typological, and ethnogenetic aspects; its idioms bear some witness to contacts of Lithuanian and Semigalian languages (Kačiuškienė 2009).\u0000The secondary types of pitch accents of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys were discussed in Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 24 (Kačiuškienė 2016). The auditory and instrumental research proved that two secondary types of pitch accents contrast in the pure and mixed diphthongs of the forms of some dialectal verbs and denominative words in the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Language. This is a distinctive opposition. It is possible that the opposition relates to Proto-Baltic accentuation paradigms. The secondary types of pitch accents have different acoustic properties. The most distinct are the quantitative characteristics of diphthongs and characteristics of the fundamental pitch.\u0000The detailed analysis of the prosodic system of the Northern Panevėžys dialect in the present article is based on the data of the author’s native dialect and the instrumental and auditory research (see (Kačiuškienė 2006)).\u0000The results of the research of the Northern Aukštaitian dialect of Panevėžys are important to the comparative and historical dialectology of the Baltic languages; they can be used in typological research and in the classroom as teaching materials.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49047041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0004
S. Montanari
This paper presents the results of a preliminary study of documentation and description of Sammarinese, a peripheral variety of Romagnol spoken in the Republic of San Marino. Despite having been the country’s primary oral language for almost 1,000 years, Sammarinese is on the verge of extinction today as universal education and economic development have caused language shift to Italian beginning from the 1960s. A corpus of primary oral language data was collected from 17 informants in the form of semi-structured interviews with the goal of creating an archive of oral language histories in Sammarinese. These data, together with a corpus of vernacular and folkloric literature, served as the database for a descriptive analysis of some of the major phonological and morphosyntactic traits of the language. The results confirm Sammarinese’s status as a borderline Romagnol variety. However, the findings also reveal a language that stands apart from neighboring varieties due to complex historical and geographical factors, including a Celtic substratum from the pre-Roman and Roman times, a Byzantine Greek heritage and Lombard/ Germanic influence from the second half of the first millennium, and a geographic position that resulted in linguistic isolation from the vernaculars spoken in the Central Romagnol plain.
{"title":"Sammarinese, the Endangered Language of the Republic of San Marino: A Preliminary Study of Documentation and Description","authors":"S. Montanari","doi":"10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper presents the results of a preliminary study of documentation and description of Sammarinese, a peripheral variety of Romagnol spoken in the Republic of San Marino. Despite having been the country’s primary oral language for almost 1,000 years, Sammarinese is on the verge of extinction today as universal education and economic development have caused language shift to Italian beginning from the 1960s. A corpus of primary oral language data was collected from 17 informants in the form of semi-structured interviews with the goal of creating an archive of oral language histories in Sammarinese. These data, together with a corpus of vernacular and folkloric literature, served as the database for a descriptive analysis of some of the major phonological and morphosyntactic traits of the language. The results confirm Sammarinese’s status as a borderline Romagnol variety. However, the findings also reveal a language that stands apart from neighboring varieties due to complex historical and geographical factors, including a Celtic substratum from the pre-Roman and Roman times, a Byzantine Greek heritage and Lombard/ Germanic influence from the second half of the first millennium, and a geographic position that resulted in linguistic isolation from the vernaculars spoken in the Central Romagnol plain.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/DIALECT-2018-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43736018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-27DOI: 10.1515/dialect-2018-0006
J. Waniakowa
The argument put forward in the present article is that many Polish dialectal plant names do not have folk roots. The only way to ascertain the true origin of a given name is by analysing the history of the dialectal name and related names in other languages. Such an analysis leads to the conclusion that Polish dialectal names have various origins. Some of them are truly dialectal, i.e. they originate from Polish dialects, while others are colloquial, non-dialectal native names that have been adapted by particular dialects. Yet others are relatively new loanwords and new calques, while another group originates from Old Polish forms no longer in use in non-dialectal Polish. The latter do not comprise a homogeneous category. Instead, they fall into three subcategories: Polish names originating from the Polish language or inherited from Old Slavic, old loanwords employed in Old Polish and no longer in use today except in Polish dialects, and finally, an often misclassified group of names comprising old calques. In the summary of the present study the author emphasises the importance of a diachronic and comparative approach to analysing dialectal plant names. She highlights the existence of numerous calques, especially old ones, whose presence had previously been overlooked due to their native and sometimes almost entirely dialectal character. Therefore, a superficial, synchronic analysis would not reveal their long and rich history or the fact that they also have counterparts in non-Slavic languages, indeed often have ancient roots.
{"title":"Polish dialectal wild herbaceous plant names against a Slavic and European background","authors":"J. Waniakowa","doi":"10.1515/dialect-2018-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2018-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The argument put forward in the present article is that many Polish dialectal plant names do not have folk roots. The only way to ascertain the true origin of a given name is by analysing the history of the dialectal name and related names in other languages. Such an analysis leads to the conclusion that Polish dialectal names have various origins. Some of them are truly dialectal, i.e. they originate from Polish dialects, while others are colloquial, non-dialectal native names that have been adapted by particular dialects. Yet others are relatively new loanwords and new calques, while another group originates from Old Polish forms no longer in use in non-dialectal Polish. The latter do not comprise a homogeneous category. Instead, they fall into three subcategories: Polish names originating from the Polish language or inherited from Old Slavic, old loanwords employed in Old Polish and no longer in use today except in Polish dialects, and finally, an often misclassified group of names comprising old calques. In the summary of the present study the author emphasises the importance of a diachronic and comparative approach to analysing dialectal plant names. She highlights the existence of numerous calques, especially old ones, whose presence had previously been overlooked due to their native and sometimes almost entirely dialectal character. Therefore, a superficial, synchronic analysis would not reveal their long and rich history or the fact that they also have counterparts in non-Slavic languages, indeed often have ancient roots.","PeriodicalId":41369,"journal":{"name":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/dialect-2018-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43595403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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