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Annals ”Valahia” University of Targoviste - Agriculture最新文献

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Notions of “Good” and “Bad” in General but also in Terms of Attitude Towards Environmental Issues 一般意义上的“好”与“坏”概念,以及对环境问题的态度
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0003
N. Popescu
Abstract The contrastive analysis of the lexical and semantic traits of the adjective phraseology from the Romanian and English languages was made on the basis of notions presenting different qualities of man, such as good and bad generally speaking but also with regard to man’s attitude towards the environment and the man created environmental issues. The contrastive analysis has demonstrated that the phrasal systems of the Romanian and English languages generally have both common x and specific features. Their knowledge allows for a deeper understanding of these two languages.
摘要:本文从“好”、“坏”、“人对环境的态度”、“人所造成的环境问题”等概念出发,对比分析了罗马尼亚语和英语中形容词短语的词汇和语义特征。对比分析表明,罗马尼亚语和英语的短语系统总体上既有共性又有特殊性。他们的知识使我们能够更深入地理解这两种语言。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the Exploitation of Cattle in Transylvania 特兰西瓦尼亚牛的开发利用研究
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0012
Nicolae Cărătuș, L. Vidu, G. Mărginean
Abstract In the paper we analyzed the situation of animal breeding in the center region and the evolution of the Romanian Spotted breed. In 2017 there were included in the Official Production Control a number of 130.765 cows of the Romanian Spotted breed cows. A program of improvement of the breed towards the two productions, milk and meat was established.
摘要本文分析了罗马尼亚中部地区的动物育种情况和罗马尼亚斑点犬的演变。2017年,官方生产控制中纳入了130.765头罗马尼亚斑点品种奶牛。制定了一项针对奶和肉两种产品的品种改良计划。
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引用次数: 0
The Analysis of Some Productivity Elements Obtained by Some Maize Hybrids Cultivated in Targoviste’s Plain Targoviste平原几种玉米杂交种产量要素分析
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0005
D. Ivona
Abstract In this work, five maize hybrids were analyzed in terms of productivity elements (number of rows of grains on the cob, mass of 1000 grains, yield in grains, production per hectare) cultivated in the pedoclimatic conditions offered by Targoviste’s Plain. The analyzed hybrids were Caussade, Clariti, KWS Kamelias, KWS Kinemas, Pioneer P0017, KWS 2376, hybrids of FAO 320-390 precocity group. The Pioneer P0017 hybrid was chosen as a control variant because of the frequent cultivation in the area. The study was conducted during the agricultural year 2017 in Băleni, Dâmboviţa County. The results obtained highlighted values between 14 and 18 rows of grains on the cob, the mass of 1000 grains presented values between 332.7 and 435.7 grams, and the yield in grains 87.16 and 89.9%. Regarding the production of grains per hectare, the analyzed hybrids achieved high levels of this parameter, namely from 9590 to 12846 kg of grains / hectare.
摘要本研究分析了在Targoviste平原土壤气候条件下种植的5个玉米杂交种的生产力要素(穗轴上的粒数、千粒重、籽粒产量、每公顷产量)。分析的杂交种为Caussade、Clariti、KWS Kamelias、KWS Kinemas、Pioneer P0017、KWS 2376,均为FAO 320-390早熟类群杂交种。由于该地区频繁种植,选择先锋P0017杂交品种作为对照变种。该研究于2017年农业年期间在Dâmboviţa县b列尼进行。结果表明,玉米穗轴上的突出值在14 ~ 18行之间,1000粒质量在332.7 ~ 435.7 g之间,籽粒产量在87.16% ~ 89.9%之间。就每公顷粮食产量而言,所分析的杂交种在这一参数上达到较高水平,即每公顷粮食产量为9590至12846公斤。
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引用次数: 0
Tehnical Aspects Regarding the Pig Classification Carcassess in Romania Between 2009–2015, by Semi-Automated Method Optigrade Pro 2009-2015年罗马尼亚猪类分类技术研究——基于半自动方法Optigrade Pro
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0010
M. Stanciu, M. Găureanu
Abstract In the paper we analyzed the evolution of the number of pig carcasses classified in Romania by the OptiGrade Pro (OGP) semiautomatic method. The analysis was conducted for the period 2009-2015. For this time, the average weight of the carcasses and their quality (thickness of the muscles and the layer of fat) were monitored.
摘要本文采用OptiGrade Pro (OGP)半自动分类方法,分析了罗马尼亚猪胴体数量的演变。该分析是在2009-2015年期间进行的。这一次,监测胴体的平均重量和质量(肌肉厚度和脂肪层)。
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引用次数: 2
Optimal number of plants and planting methods of best bean varieties in Korça Region 科帕拉达地区最佳豆类品种的最佳种植数量及种植方法
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/AGR-2019-0001
A. Maho, Besnik Skënderasi
Abstract White bean is one of the mayor legumes, which covers a wide surface in planting structure. High yields are closely related to the right regionalization of this crop and the implementation of agrotechnical provisions. One of the most important agrotechnical issue is: to determine the optimal number of plants in regard to the distance between rows and the distance of plants in a row. Depending on the morphological differences of beans, the number of plants per unit of surface should change. In order to determine this optimal number, it is necessary to experiment different plant varieties with an average number of 250-400 thousand plants / ha. The study was carried out by experimenting two autochthonous varieties Eҫmeniku and Trenare (they were evaluated as the best varieties in Korça District among 5 experimented varieties.) The study aims to identify the influence of the plant number and planting method on the production results. For this purpose, we studied the varieties with a distance of 5-12 cm between plants in a row (distance between rows 60 cm), with a number of about 50,000 plants per hectare. We used two planting methods, that of individual planting of beans and the bouquet planting where the beans are placed 2 by 2. We draw respective conclusions based on experimental results calculated according to the three-factorial statistical analysis.
摘要白豆是主要豆科植物之一,在种植结构中占地面积广。高产量与这种作物的正确区划和农业技术规定的执行密切相关。最重要的农业技术问题之一是:根据行与行之间的距离和每行植物之间的距离确定最佳的植物数量。根据豆的形态差异,每单位表面的植株数量也会发生变化。为了确定这一最优数量,需要对不同的植物品种进行试验,平均数量为25 -40万株/公顷。本研究以两个本地品种Eҫmeniku和Trenare为试验品种(在5个试验品种中,这两个品种被评为kora地区的最佳品种)。本研究旨在确定种植数量和种植方法对生产结果的影响。为此,我们研究了株距为5 ~ 12 cm(行距为60 cm),株数约为5万株/公顷的品种。我们采用了两种种植方法,一种是单株种植,另一种是2 × 2的花束种植。我们根据三因子统计分析计算的实验结果得出各自的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the Agroforestry Biodiversity and Social Management on Food Bioresources 农林生物多样性与社会管理对粮食生物资源的影响
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0008
Străteanu Amalia-Gianina, S. Stan
Abstract Current and future challenges, the efficiency of food systems resources, induced by the impact of biodiversity loss and degradation, in general and agro-forestry biodiversity, in special, are crucial and contribute concretely to ensuring human and animal welfare and health, with direct implications for quality of life. Social responsibility is the attribute of every member of the civil society and every member of the knowledge society, to protect the food resources that are so necessary for the evolution of the present and future generations. Responsible social approaches need to be incorporated into day-to-day decisions from all decision levels because they have a dynamic character with real involvement in practice. We have an obligation to preserve the ecological balance, and so fairly fragile, but from the desire to accumulate benefits in the short term, we endanger the productivity and efficiency of the food system. For people belonging to poor and vulnerable groups, local biodiversity ensures the functioning of ecosystems and the provision of goods and services that are so necessary to unfold a healthy life, representing a social safety net with direct implications in the process of sustainable development.
当前和未来的挑战,粮食系统资源的效率,是由生物多样性丧失和退化的影响引起的,一般来说,特别是农林生物多样性,是至关重要的,并具体有助于确保人类和动物的福利和健康,直接影响生活质量。社会责任是公民社会和知识社会的每一个成员的属性,以保护对今世后代的进化如此必要的粮食资源。负责任的社会方法需要纳入所有决策级别的日常决策,因为它们具有实际参与实践的动态特征。我们有义务保持生态平衡,所以相当脆弱,但从短期内积累利益的愿望,我们危及粮食系统的生产力和效率。对于属于贫穷和脆弱群体的人来说,当地生物多样性确保了生态系统的功能,并提供了健康生活所必需的商品和服务,是对可持续发展进程具有直接影响的社会安全网。
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引用次数: 1
Crisis and Opportunities at the Intersection Between Food, Agri-Bussiness and Health 食品、农业企业和健康交叉领域的危机与机遇
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0011
S. Stan, Străteanu Amalia-Gianina
Abstract In the current context, food safety crises often have a direct impact on the health of the European population. Such moments bring chaos and confusion among the population, about food consumption, food systems, the ethics of businesses involved in the agri-food chain, or about guaranteeing their consumers’ rights. Although the level of consumer information has increased in recent years, there is a need for a uniform approach to all topics of interest to them, from quality, cost, authenticity, maintenance of food safety, to contaminants and fraud. Choosing a diet generates multiple effects on the quality of human life. Europeans are concerned about how food products are produced and consumed and which are the short and long-term effects, with attention being shifted from providing sufficient food. However, food consumption patterns of European citizens often have negative health consequences, endangering the future and making it necessary to change the way we feed and consume them. From farms to restaurants, we need to redefine the assumed concept of adequate nutrition in the 21st century: sustainable diets from sustainable food systems.
在当前背景下,食品安全危机往往直接影响到欧洲人口的健康。这样的时刻给人们带来了混乱和困惑,人们对食品消费、食品系统、农业食品链中企业的道德规范,或者对消费者权利的保障。尽管近年来消费者的信息水平有所提高,但需要对他们感兴趣的所有主题采取统一的方法,从质量、成本、真实性、食品安全维护到污染物和欺诈。饮食的选择会对人类的生活质量产生多重影响。欧洲人关注的是食品的生产和消费方式,以及短期和长期的影响,注意力从提供充足的食物转移到了其他方面。然而,欧洲公民的食物消费模式往往对健康产生负面影响,危及未来,因此有必要改变我们喂养和消费食物的方式。从农场到餐馆,我们需要在21世纪重新定义充足营养的假设概念:可持续粮食系统的可持续饮食。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the Setting Up of a Horse Tread on the Ialomita River 伊洛米塔河马场设置研究
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0009
Udrea Lavinia
Abstract In Romania, the living environment of salmonids is the mountainous and pre-mountainous waters, the alpine lakes and the reservoirs built on mountain rivers. Improving living conditions of salmonids involves work on stabilizing mountain water courses, regulating their flow, reducing the transport of alluviums. Salmoniculture includes concerns about artificial growth and amelioration of Salmonidae populations in special resorts called trout. The researches were carried out at SC Cascada Laur SRL Moroeni, a specialized breeding farm. Having a land with very poor agricultural potential, but conducive to the development of an aquaculture activity, on the Ialomita River, in 2007, the company decided to build a farm for the breeding and breeding of trout. The technical documentation has been carried out and the infrastructure of this economic unit has begun.The pond basins have a wooden trunk shape with dimensions of: 4.00 x 20m - 3 pools; 3.25 x 9.70m - 4 pools; 12.80mx 2 m - 1 pool and a pool of 12.00 x 6.00m. The main features of the buildings: - Soil basin (trowel), trout for breeding and fattening of the trout, waste water basin, incubation micro station, filter. Economic growth of salmonids: a viable alternative to protecting the natural resources of the planet; an important source of animal protein, easily digestible; have a determining role in maintaining human health; efficient valorization of feed; obtaining constant productions throughout the year; low crop areas, high growth densities, exploitation from the piscicultural point of mountain accumulation lakes and impassable land for agriculture; reduced expenses with the staff employed; meeting the demanding tastes of consumers.
在罗马尼亚,鲑鱼的生存环境是山区和山区前水域、高山湖泊和建在山区河流上的水库。改善鲑科鱼的生存条件包括稳定山区水道,调节其流量,减少冲积物的运输。鲑鱼养殖包括对人工生长和改良鲑鱼科种群在特殊胜地鳟鱼的关注。这些研究是在专门的育种场SC Cascada Laur SRL Moroeni进行的。该公司在Ialomita河(Ialomita River)拥有一块农业潜力非常差的土地,但有利于水产养殖活动的发展。2007年,该公司决定建立一个养殖鳟鱼的农场。技术文件编制工作已经完成,这个经济单位的基础设施建设工作已经开始。池池有一个木制的树干形状,尺寸为:4.00 x 20米- 3个池;3.25 x 9.70米- 4个水池;12.80 x 2米的游泳池和12.00 x 6.00米的游泳池。建筑的主要特点:——土盆(泥铲)、鳟鱼养殖和育肥用鳟鱼、废水池、孵化微站、过滤器。鲑鱼的经济增长:保护地球自然资源的可行替代方案;动物蛋白的重要来源,易消化;对维持人类健康具有决定性作用;高效的饲料增值;全年产量稳定;作物面积小,生长密度高,从渔业角度开发山地堆积湖和农业不可通行的土地;减少雇用人员的开支;满足消费者苛刻的品味。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the Minimum Workings System and Fuel Consumption Influence 最小工作系统及油耗影响研究
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0004
V. Moise
Abstract Conservative systems are based on less intense soil loosening, carried out by different methods, without turning the furrow and only in the conditions of keeping a certain amount of vegetal residues at the soil surface; for that reasons are therefore considered to be ecological protection strategies. For this study the parcel of 118.78 ha was divided into two plots of 59.39 ha each. On the first plot (P1) the conventional soil works system was used, while on the second plot (P2) was used the system of minimum soil works. The methodology used was to analyze, synthesize and calculation of fuel consumption. Following the application of soil conservation systems, many benefits have been identified: - the time with soil tillage is reduced at 2-4 times;-the fuel consumption per unit area is reduced by 40-50%;- the number of agricultural machinery at the surface unit is reduced;-soil structure is rebuilt and surface and depth compaction is reduced;- the organic matter content from the soil is increased;- soil permeability for water is increased and global soil drainage is improved;
保守系统是指采用不同的方法,在不翻沟的情况下,仅在土壤表面保留一定量的植物残留物的条件下,以较小强度的土壤松动为基础;因此被认为是生态保护战略。本研究将118.78 ha的地块划分为两块,每块59.39 ha。在第一个地块(P1)上使用了常规的土壤工程系统,而在第二个地块(P2)上使用了最小土壤工程系统。采用的方法是对燃油消耗量进行分析、综合和计算。应用土壤保持系统后,已确定了许多好处:-土壤耕作时间减少了2-4倍;-单位面积燃料消耗减少了40-50%;-减少了表层农业机械的数量;-重建了土壤结构,减少了表层和深层的压实;-增加了土壤有机质含量;-增加了土壤透水性,改善了全球土壤排水;
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引用次数: 1
Study on Thinking Paradigms Changes in Environmental Educational Systems 环境教育体系思维范式变迁研究
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agr-2019-0006
S. Stan, Străteanu Amalia-Gianina
Abstract The current major concerns of mankind with regard to biodiversity, food safety and security, demographic growth, pollution, the energy crisis, ecosystem productivity, environmental protection and environment are only a part of the contemporary concerns that environmental education must say the word. An analysis of the situations that generates global environmental problems highlights the need for an extensive environmental curriculum with studies on human behavior, crisis and disaster management, bioeconomics, psychology of thinking styles, neuroscience, etc. The design of new programs should be directed to proactive behaviors and leadership, to entrepreneurship and innovation, with a direct impact on the ability to find solutions to solve environmental problems.
当前人类对生物多样性、食品安全和保障、人口增长、污染、能源危机、生态系统生产力、环境保护和环境等重大问题的关注,只是环境教育必须提及的当代问题的一部分。对产生全球环境问题的情况的分析强调需要广泛的环境课程,包括人类行为、危机和灾害管理、生物经济学、思维方式心理学、神经科学等方面的研究。新项目的设计应该针对积极主动的行为和领导能力,针对创业和创新,这对找到解决环境问题的解决方案的能力有直接的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Annals ”Valahia” University of Targoviste - Agriculture
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