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ACTing as a Pyrrhonist 象皮罗尼主义者一样行事
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10036
Josef Mattes

Parallels between the ancient Hellenistic philosophies of the Stoics and Epicureans, on the one hand, and modern cognitive psychotherapy, on the other, are well known and a topic of current discussion. The present article argues that there are also important parallels between Pyrrhonism, the third of the major Hellenistic philosophies, and the currently state-of-the-art “3rd wave” cognitive-behavioral therapies in general, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (act) in particular. This provides a crucial insight into Pyrrhonism: understanding Sextus’ term adoxastos using the technical act term ‘defusion’ illuminates the psychological condition of the Pyrrhonist and explains why the apraxia objection against Pyrrhonism is misguided.

古希腊斯多葛学派和伊壁鸠鲁学派的哲学与现代认知心理疗法之间的相似之处是众所周知的，也是当前讨论的主题。本文认为，第三大希腊哲学皮龙主义与当前最先进的“第三波”认知行为疗法之间也存在重要的相似之处，尤其是接受和承诺疗法(行为)。这为皮浪主义提供了一个至关重要的洞见:用技术行为术语“融合”来理解塞克斯图斯的术语“阿多萨斯托斯”阐明了皮浪主义者的心理状况，并解释了为什么反对皮浪主义的失用症是被误导的。
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引用次数: 0
Sceptical Agnosticism 怀疑怀疑论
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10026
Francis Jonbäck
Agnostics as well as theists should answer evidential arguments from evil, at least when confronted with them. In this paper, I answer such an argument by appealing to sceptical agnosticism. A sceptical agnostic is not only undecided about the existence of a perfectly good and omnipotent God, but also believes that we cannot make any judgement about whether or not seemingly gratuitous evil probably is gratuitous. I argue that such agnosticism has several advantages compared with sceptical theism.
不可知论者和有神论者都应该回答来自邪恶的证据论点，至少在面对它们时是这样。在这篇论文中，我通过诉诸怀疑的不可知论来回答这样一个论点。一个持怀疑态度的不可知论者不仅对一个完美善良、无所不能的上帝的存在犹豫不决，而且认为我们无法判断看似无端的邪恶是否可能是无端的。我认为，与持怀疑态度的有神论相比，这种不可知论有几个优点。
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引用次数: 0
Nuno Venturinha, Description of Situations: An Essay in Contextualist Epistemology 情境的描述:语境主义认识论述评
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10034
Robin McKenna
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引用次数: 0
Justin Clarke-Doane, Morality and Mathematics 贾斯汀·克拉克-多恩，《道德与数学》
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10035
H. Lillehammer
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引用次数: 0
Kaplan’s Way with Skepticism 卡普兰的怀疑论之道
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10025
Michael Williams
Austin is not much in fashion these days. In Austin’s Way with Skepticism, Mark Kaplan swims against the current, arguing that Austin still has much to teach us about how to do epistemology. Methodologically, Austin’s insistence on fidelity to ordinary ways of talking about knowledge is a non-negotiable constraint on epistemological theorizing. Substantively, Austin has important things to say about knowledge. But while I am fully in accord with the spirit of Kaplan’s enterprise, I take Austin to occupy a more radical position: that getting the linguistic facts straight should lead us to call into question the very idea of a theory of knowledge, at least as ‘theory of knowledge’ has traditionally been understood.
奥斯汀最近不怎么流行了。马克·卡普兰（Mark Kaplan）在《奥斯汀的怀疑论之路》（Austin’s Way with Skeptism）一书中逆流而上，认为奥斯汀在如何进行认识论方面还有很多东西要教给我们。在方法论上，奥斯汀坚持忠于普通的谈论知识的方式是对认识论理论的不可谈判的约束。从本质上讲，奥斯汀对知识有重要的看法。但是，尽管我完全符合卡普兰事业的精神，但我认为奥斯汀占据了一个更激进的立场：弄清语言事实应该会让我们对知识理论的概念提出质疑，至少在传统上，“知识理论”是被理解的。
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引用次数: 1
What Is Negative Disjunctivism? 什么是否定分离论?
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10027
David de Bruijn

Negative disjunctivists like Mike Martin and Bill Fish understand hallucinations in purely epistemic terms, and do not attribute phenomenal character to these visual misfires. However, the approaches by Martin and Fish are importantly different, and there has been little systematic work on how negative disjunctivism is motivated. In this paper, I argue for a version of negative disjunctivism that centers on the idea that perception involves the exercise of a fallible self-conscious capacity. I claim that this at once explains hallucinations in purely negative terms that are close to Martin’s approach, while at the same time providing negative disjunctivism with an explanatory basis that Fish attempts to provide and Martin’s view lacks.

像迈克·马丁和比尔·费什这样的消极分离主义者纯粹从认识论的角度来理解幻觉，并不把这些视觉上的失误归因于现象性。然而，Martin和Fish的方法有很大的不同，并且很少有关于消极分离主义是如何被激发的系统研究。在这篇论文中，我论证了一种消极分离主义，它的中心思想是，感知涉及到一种易犯错误的自我意识能力的锻炼。我认为，这立即用接近马丁方法的纯粹消极的术语解释了幻觉，同时为消极分离主义提供了一个解释基础，这是费什试图提供的，而马丁的观点缺乏的。
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引用次数: 0
Concessive Knowledge Attributions Cannot Be Explained Pragmatically 让与性知识归因不能语用解释
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1163/22105700-bja10024
Gregory Stoutenburg
“I know that p but it is possible that not-p” sounds contradictory. Some philosophers, notably David Lewis, have taken this as evidence that knowledge requires infallibility. Others have attempted to undermine that inference by arguing that there is a plausible pragmatic explanation of why such sentences sound odd, and thus do not undermine fallibilism. I argue that the proffered pragmatic explanations fail and I raise challenges for any possible pragmatic explanation of the character of concessive knowledge attributions. It is reasonable to conclude that concessive knowledge attributions are genuine contradictions.
“我知道p，但可能不是p”听起来很矛盾。一些哲学家，特别是大卫·刘易斯，认为这是知识需要绝对正确的证据。其他人则试图破坏这一推断，认为有一个合理的语用解释可以解释为什么这样的句子听起来很奇怪，因此不会破坏易错性。我认为所提供的语用解释是失败的，我对让步知识归因特征的任何可能的语用解释提出了挑战。可以合理地得出结论，让步知识归因是真正的矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
Moore, liberals, and conservatives 摩尔，自由主义者和保守主义者
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.4324/9780429057946-7
A. Coliva, D. Pritchard
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引用次数: 0
The skeptical paradox 怀疑论悖论
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.4324/9780429057946-2
A. Coliva, D. Pritchard
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引用次数: 0
Hinge epistemology and Closure-based Cartesian skepticism 铰链认识论与基于封闭的笛卡尔怀疑论
IF 0.2 0 PHILOSOPHY
International Journal for the Study of Skepticism
Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.4324/9780429057946-5
A. Coliva, D. Pritchard
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引用次数: 0
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