Abstract Active pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) cases and drug resistance Myco-baterium tuberculosis strain increase the risk of health workers who contact to TB patients. Primary Health Care (PHC) workers in Indonesia have the risk to be exposed to M. tuberculosis in workplace. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of occupational health and safety concerning prevention of M. tuberculosis transmission in PHC and the obstacles. It was a cross sectional study in 50 microscopic referral PHCs (PRM) and PHCs with capability in microscopic examination (PPM) in Banten Province, Gorontalo Province, and South Kalimantan Province. Data collection was conducted in 2012 through interview and observatio n to obtain data on PHC characteristic, occupational health and safety implementation, the completeness of guidelines, and facilities. Occupational health and safety implementation on pulmonary TB prevention in PHCs had not fulfilled all the WHO M. tuberculosis transmission prevention guideline yet. Training on TB prevention for the PHC workers had been conducted . Only 58 % of PHCs implemented the program and 56 % had regular health check-up and TB screening activities. Health promotion equipments and facilities for occupational health and safety were still lacking in 26 % of PHCs. Personal Protection Equipments (PPE) such as gloves and disposable maskers were available in almost all PHCs (98 % and 96 %). General facilities and laboratory facilities were still lacking in 68 % and 40 % of PHCs (n=50), respectively. Conclusions : Occupational health and safety implementation in PRM/PPM need to be improved by completing the facilities of PHC, laboratory, and health promotion. Key words : Primary health care, occupational health and safety Abstrak Munculnya kasus TB paru aktif dan kedaruratan strain TB resisten obat, meningkatkan risiko bagi pekerja yang kontak dengan penderita TB. Pekerja puskesmas di Indonesia mempunyai risiko terpajan kuman TB dari lingkungan kerja. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) dalam pencegahan penularan Mycobaterium tuberculosis di puskesmas dan hambatannya. Disain cross sectional , pada 50 puskesmas (PRM/PPM puskesmas rujukan mikroskopis/puskesmas pelaksana mandiri) di provinsi Banten, Gorontalo, dan Kalimantan Selatan, tahun 2012, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik puskesmas, penerapan K3, kelengkapan pedoman, sarana dan prasarana. Penerapan K3 dalam rangka pencegahan TB paru di puskesmas belum seluruhnya sesuai dengan Pedoman Pencegahan Penularan M . tuberculosis WHO. Pelatihan pekerja puskesmas terhadap pencegahan penularan TB telah dilaksanakan oleh puskesmas. Penerapan K3 yang masih kurang adalah pelaksanaan kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala/skrining TB masing-masing pada 58 % dan 56 % puskesmas. Alat promosi kesehatan terkait K3 masih kurang pada 26 % puskesmas. Alat pelindung diri beru
活动性肺结核(TB)病例和耐药结核分枝杆菌菌株增加了卫生工作者接触结核病患者的风险。印度尼西亚初级卫生保健(PHC)工作人员有在工作场所接触结核分枝杆菌的风险。本研究旨在评估初级保健医院预防结核分枝杆菌传播的职业卫生与安全实施情况及存在的障碍。本文对万丹省、哥伦塔洛省和南加里曼丹省50家显微检查初级保健医院(PRM)和具有显微检查能力的初级保健医院(PPM)进行了横断面研究。2012年通过访谈和观察进行数据收集，以获得关于初级保健特点、职业健康和安全实施、指南完整性和设施的数据。初级保健医院预防肺结核的职业卫生安全实施尚未完全达到世卫组织预防结核杆菌传播的指导方针。对初级保健工作人员进行了结核病预防培训。只有58%的初级保健中心实施了该方案，56%的初级保健中心定期进行健康检查和结核病筛查活动。26%的初级保健中心仍然缺乏促进健康的设备和职业健康与安全设施。几乎所有初级保健中心(98%和96%)都提供手套和一次性口罩等个人防护装备。68%的初级保健中心缺乏一般设施，40%的初级保健中心缺乏实验室设施(n=50)。结论:PRM/PPM的职业健康安全实施需要通过完善初级保健、实验室设施和健康促进等措施来改善。【关键词】初级卫生保健，职业卫生安全【关键词】卫生保健，职业卫生安全】Pekerja puskesmas di Indonesia mempunyai risiko terpajan kuman TB dari lingkungan kerja。Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) dalam penegahan penularan结核分枝杆菌di puskesmas dan hambatannya。2012年12月，印度尼西亚万丹省，哥伦塔洛，加里曼丹，斯里兰卡，数据dikumpulkan melalui wawankara dan pengamatan, 50 puskesmas rujukan mikroskopis/puskesmas pelaksana mandiri。数据yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik puskesmas, penerapan K3, kelengkapan pedoman, sarana dan prasana。Penerapan K3 dalam rangka penegahan TB paru di puskesmas belum seluruhnya sesuai dengan penegahan Penularan M。结核病人。Pelatihan pekerja puskesmas terhadap penegahan penularan TB telah dilaksanakan oleh puskesmas。Penerapan K3 yang masih kurang adalah pelaksanaan kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan peremeriksaan kesehatan berkala/skrining TB masing-masing pada 58%和56% puskesmas。Alat promosi kesehatan terkait K3 masih kurang pata 26%的puskesmas。Alat pelindung diri berupa sarung tangan dan masker tersedia padhair semua puskesmas 98% dan 96%。Sarana prasana masih kurang pada 68% puskesmas和Sarana prasarana laboratorium masih kurang pada 40% puskesmas (n=50)。Penerapan K3 di PRM/PPM perlu ditingkatkan dengan melengkapi sarana dan prasarana puskesmas dan laboratorium, serta alatpromosi keshaan。Kata kunci: puskesmas, kesehatan, keselamatan kerja
{"title":"PENERAPAN KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA DI PUSKESMAS DI TIGA PROVINSI DI INDONESIA","authors":"Lusianawaty Tana, Fx Suharyanto Halim, Delima Delima, Vivi Lisdawati, Emiliana Tjitra","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V41I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V41I3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Active pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) cases and drug resistance Myco-baterium tuberculosis strain increase the risk of health workers who contact to TB patients. Primary Health Care (PHC) workers in Indonesia have the risk to be exposed to M. tuberculosis in workplace. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of occupational health and safety concerning prevention of M. tuberculosis transmission in PHC and the obstacles. It was a cross sectional study in 50 microscopic referral PHCs (PRM) and PHCs with capability in microscopic examination (PPM) in Banten Province, Gorontalo Province, and South Kalimantan Province. Data collection was conducted in 2012 through interview and observatio n to obtain data on PHC characteristic, occupational health and safety implementation, the completeness of guidelines, and facilities. Occupational health and safety implementation on pulmonary TB prevention in PHCs had not fulfilled all the WHO M. tuberculosis transmission prevention guideline yet. Training on TB prevention for the PHC workers had been conducted . Only 58 % of PHCs implemented the program and 56 % had regular health check-up and TB screening activities. Health promotion equipments and facilities for occupational health and safety were still lacking in 26 % of PHCs. Personal Protection Equipments (PPE) such as gloves and disposable maskers were available in almost all PHCs (98 % and 96 %). General facilities and laboratory facilities were still lacking in 68 % and 40 % of PHCs (n=50), respectively. Conclusions : Occupational health and safety implementation in PRM/PPM need to be improved by completing the facilities of PHC, laboratory, and health promotion. Key words : Primary health care, occupational health and safety Abstrak Munculnya kasus TB paru aktif dan kedaruratan strain TB resisten obat, meningkatkan risiko bagi pekerja yang kontak dengan penderita TB. Pekerja puskesmas di Indonesia mempunyai risiko terpajan kuman TB dari lingkungan kerja. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi penerapan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) dalam pencegahan penularan Mycobaterium tuberculosis di puskesmas dan hambatannya. Disain cross sectional , pada 50 puskesmas (PRM/PPM puskesmas rujukan mikroskopis/puskesmas pelaksana mandiri) di provinsi Banten, Gorontalo, dan Kalimantan Selatan, tahun 2012, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik puskesmas, penerapan K3, kelengkapan pedoman, sarana dan prasarana. Penerapan K3 dalam rangka pencegahan TB paru di puskesmas belum seluruhnya sesuai dengan Pedoman Pencegahan Penularan M . tuberculosis WHO. Pelatihan pekerja puskesmas terhadap pencegahan penularan TB telah dilaksanakan oleh puskesmas. Penerapan K3 yang masih kurang adalah pelaksanaan kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala/skrining TB masing-masing pada 58 % dan 56 % puskesmas. Alat promosi kesehatan terkait K3 masih kurang pada 26 % puskesmas. Alat pelindung diri beru","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"41 1","pages":"142-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2013-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-06-01DOI: 10.22435/bpk.v41i2 Jun.3157.111-119
M. J. Herman, S. Supardi, R. Handayani
Abstract A descriptive qualitative study on the implementation of MOH Decrees related to local herbal Traditional Medicine Therapy in Bali, West Java and Central Java, had been conducted cross-sectionally in 2011. Objectives of this study were to identify local licensing policy, perception of professional organization, and supports and obstacles of their implementation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with one herbal CAM provider, purposively taken from each district, and Head of Health Resources Department of Provincial and District Health Office, whilst RTD participants were professional organizations like Indonesian Association of Herbal Medical Doctor, Indonesian Association of Traditional Therapist, Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Indonesian Association of Midwives and Indonesian National Nurse Union. Results of the study showed that in Bali no Surat Bukti Registrasi-Tenaga Pengobat Komplementer Altenatif had been issued. In West Java it had been given to trained doctor and in Central Java given only to doctors in Puskesmas following Jamu Scientification program. MOH Decree no. 1109 of 2007 which controls CAM providers in health facilities were differently perceived by Provincial Health Offices and as a result, implementation and also local policy differed amongst provinces. There were doctors providing herbal medicine services based on MOH Regulation no. 1076 of 2003. Nonetheless, few doctors had implemented Decree on Use of CAM, because there were no provincial collegiums of herbal medicine yet and no standard of competencies had been developed. The requirements to obtain licence for doctor were more complicated than for traditional provider. Keywords: complementary alternative medicine, herbal traditional medicine, licence, policy Abstrak Telah dilakukan suatu studi kualitatif implementasi peraturan-peraturan tentang pengobatan tradisional herbal secara potong lintang di Bali, Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah, pada tahun 2011. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebijakan lokal perijinan , persepsi organisasi profesi serta kendala dan dukungan dalam implementasi- nya . Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan satu orang pengobat herbal komplementer alternatif yang diambil secara purposif dari tiap kabupaten/kota dan Kepala Bagian Sumberdaya Dinkes Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota , sedangkan peserta RTD adalah o rganisasi profesi Perhimpunan Dokter Herbal Medik Indonesia (PDHMI), Asosiasi Pengobat Tradisional Indonesia (ASPETRI), Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI), Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI) dan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Bali belum ada SBR-TPKA yang dikeluar kan . Di Jawa Barat SBR-TPKA diberikan kepada dokter yang telah dilatih dan di Jawa Tengah hanya diberikan kepada dokter puskesmas yang ikut program Saintifikasi Jamu. Permenkes nomor 1109 tahun 2007 yang mengatur pengobatan komplementer alternatif di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan ditafsirkan berbeda
摘要对2011年巴厘岛、西爪哇省和中爪哇省有关地方草药治疗的卫生部法令实施情况进行了横断面定性研究。本研究的目的是确定当地的许可政策，对专业组织的看法，以及支持和阻碍其实施。数据是通过对一名草药CAM提供者(有目的地从每个地区抽取)以及省和区卫生办公室卫生资源部门负责人的深入访谈收集的，而RTD的参与者是专业组织，如印度尼西亚草药医生协会、印度尼西亚传统治疗师协会、印度尼西亚药剂师协会、印度尼西亚助产士协会和印度尼西亚全国护士联盟。研究结果表明，在巴厘岛，没有颁发苏拉特Bukti登记- tenaga Pengobat Komplementer Altenatif。在西爪哇，向训练有素的医生发放了疫苗，而在中爪哇，根据Jamu科学化方案，只向Puskesmas的医生发放了疫苗。卫生部法令2007年第1109号法案规定了控制保健设施中CAM提供者的规定，各省卫生办公室对该法案的看法不同，因此各省之间的执行情况和地方政策也不同。有医生根据卫生部条例(第839号)提供草药服务。2003年第1076号法令。然而，很少有医生执行了《关于使用辅助医学的法令》，因为还没有省级的草药学院，也没有制定能力标准。获得医生执照的要求比获得传统医生执照的要求更为复杂。【关键词】补充替代医学，传统草药，许可，政策】摘要:Telah dilakukan suatu研究，质量实施，peraturan-peraturan tentang pengobatan传统草药secara poong lintang di Bali，爪哇Barat dan爪哇Tengah, paada tahun 2011。Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebijakan local perijinan, persepsi organissi serta kendala dan dukungan dalam implementasi- nya。Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan satu orang pengoat herbal补品alternatif yang diambil secara用途:dankabupaten /kota dankepala Bagian Sumberdaya Dinkes省dankabupaten /kota, sedangkan peserta RTD adalah组织:Perhimpunan Dokter herbal Medik Indonesia (PDHMI)， Asosiasi pengobat traditional Indonesia (ASPETRI)， Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI)， Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI) and Perawat national Indonesia (PPNI)。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Bali belum ada SBR-TPKA yang dikeluar kan。迪爪哇Barat spr - tpka diberikan kepada dokter yang telah dilatih ddi爪哇Tengah hanya diberikan kepada dokter puskesmas yang ikut节目Saintifikasi Jamu。Permenkes nomor 1109 tahun 2007杨mengatur pengobatan komplementer alternatif di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan ditafsirkan berbeda-beda oleh pokalchuk丁克Provinsi丹akibatnya implementasi丹kebijakan lokal轭berbeda安塔尔Provinsi。Berdasarkan Kepmenkes nomor 1076 tahun 2003 banyak dokter membuka praktek草药，tetapi belum banyak yang memanfaatkan Permenkes 1109 tahun 2007 tentang penyelenggaraan pengobatan补品替代karena belum ada kolegium pengobatan传统丹标准kompetensinya。Persyaratan ijin untuk dokter草药lebih rumit daripada untuk pengobat传统。卡塔昆兹:克比加甘、蓬巴丹传统中草药、蓬巴丹补品、白暨南
{"title":"POLICY ON HERBAL TRADITIONAL MEDICINES THERAPY IN THREE PROVINCES IN INDONESIA","authors":"M. J. Herman, S. Supardi, R. Handayani","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v41i2 Jun.3157.111-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v41i2 Jun.3157.111-119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A descriptive qualitative study on the implementation of MOH Decrees related to local herbal Traditional Medicine Therapy in Bali, West Java and Central Java, had been conducted cross-sectionally in 2011. Objectives of this study were to identify local licensing policy, perception of professional organization, and supports and obstacles of their implementation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with one herbal CAM provider, purposively taken from each district, and Head of Health Resources Department of Provincial and District Health Office, whilst RTD participants were professional organizations like Indonesian Association of Herbal Medical Doctor, Indonesian Association of Traditional Therapist, Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Indonesian Association of Midwives and Indonesian National Nurse Union. Results of the study showed that in Bali no Surat Bukti Registrasi-Tenaga Pengobat Komplementer Altenatif had been issued. In West Java it had been given to trained doctor and in Central Java given only to doctors in Puskesmas following Jamu Scientification program. MOH Decree no. 1109 of 2007 which controls CAM providers in health facilities were differently perceived by Provincial Health Offices and as a result, implementation and also local policy differed amongst provinces. There were doctors providing herbal medicine services based on MOH Regulation no. 1076 of 2003. Nonetheless, few doctors had implemented Decree on Use of CAM, because there were no provincial collegiums of herbal medicine yet and no standard of competencies had been developed. The requirements to obtain licence for doctor were more complicated than for traditional provider. Keywords: complementary alternative medicine, herbal traditional medicine, licence, policy Abstrak Telah dilakukan suatu studi kualitatif implementasi peraturan-peraturan tentang pengobatan tradisional herbal secara potong lintang di Bali, Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah, pada tahun 2011. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebijakan lokal perijinan , persepsi organisasi profesi serta kendala dan dukungan dalam implementasi- nya . Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan satu orang pengobat herbal komplementer alternatif yang diambil secara purposif dari tiap kabupaten/kota dan Kepala Bagian Sumberdaya Dinkes Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota , sedangkan peserta RTD adalah o rganisasi profesi Perhimpunan Dokter Herbal Medik Indonesia (PDHMI), Asosiasi Pengobat Tradisional Indonesia (ASPETRI), Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI), Ikatan Bidan Indonesia (IBI) dan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Bali belum ada SBR-TPKA yang dikeluar kan . Di Jawa Barat SBR-TPKA diberikan kepada dokter yang telah dilatih dan di Jawa Tengah hanya diberikan kepada dokter puskesmas yang ikut program Saintifikasi Jamu. Permenkes nomor 1109 tahun 2007 yang mengatur pengobatan komplementer alternatif di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan ditafsirkan berbeda","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"41 1","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background : Performance of health care is one important factor in health care quality improvement efforts of the population. Health services is a factor directly related to the incidence of infectious diseases (morbidity). Causes of malnutrition caused by direct addition of food consumption is also unbalanced because of the influence infectious diseases (morbidity). Objectives: Studying the utilization of health services related to nutritional status and infant morbidity. Method : Data were analyzed Health Research Data Base in 2007. The sample is a toddler with a complete household nutritional status data, incidence of infectious diseases (morbidity), health care and environmental sanitation. Descriptive analysis is done to obtain the bivariate relationship with the utilization of health services and nutritional status of infant morbidity. The number of samples of 70,210 households. Variables being analyzed is the status of nutrition, environmental sanitation, infant and morboditas health services. Bivariate data analyzed by Chi-Square. Results: The results show a significant difference (P <0.001) that the behavior of households who use more health services under five with good nutritional status compared with infants who are not household use of health services. Neither household toddlers who use different health care is very real to the low incidence of disease (morbidity) infants compared with toddlers who are not household use of health services (P <0.001). Conclusion : Based on data analisisis can conclude that: households toddlers who use more health services balitanya dengn good nutritional status and low morbidity compared with infants who are not household use of health services. Suggestion: The development activities of community-based health efforts (UKBM) need to be increased in an effort to encourage communities to use in a way closer posyandu posyandu in community activities and conduct health education and gzi more intensive. Keywords : integrated health services, nutrition status and Morbidity Toddler Abstrak Latar belakang : Partisipasi masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan posyandu m erupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam upaya peningkatkan kualitas kesehatan penduduk. Tujuan : Mempelajari pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu hubungannyan dengan status gizi dan morbiditas balita. Metode : Data yang dianalisis adalah data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007. Sampel adalah rumahtangga balita dengan kelengkapan data status gizi, kejadian penyakit infeksi (morbiditas), dan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan secara bivariat untuk mendapatkan adanya hubungan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu dengan status gizi dan morbiditas balita. Jumlah sampel 70210 rumahtangga yang punya anak balita. Variabel yang dianalisis adalah status gizi balita, morboditas balita dan pelayanan kesehatan. Data dianalisis secara bivariat dengan Chi-Square. Hasil : Diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang
摘要背景:医疗服务绩效是影响人群医疗服务质量提高的重要因素。保健服务是与传染病发病率(发病率)直接相关的一个因素。造成营养不良的直接原因是食品消费的不平衡，也因为传染病的影响(发病率)。目的:研究与营养状况和婴儿发病率相关的卫生服务利用情况。方法:对2007年卫生研究数据库资料进行分析。样本为具有完整家庭营养状况、传染病发病率(发病率)、保健和环境卫生数据的幼儿。进行描述性分析，以获得与卫生服务的利用和婴儿发病率的营养状况的二元关系。样本数量为70210户。正在分析的变量包括营养状况、环境卫生、婴儿和产妇保健服务。双变量数据采用卡方分析。结果:营养状况良好的5岁以下儿童与未家庭使用保健服务的婴儿相比，使用较多保健服务的家庭的行为有显著差异(P <0.001)。无论是使用不同保健服务的家庭幼儿，还是使用不同保健服务的家庭幼儿，其发病率(发病率)较没有使用保健服务的家庭幼儿低(P <0.001)。结论:通过数据分析可以得出结论:使用卫生服务较多的家庭幼儿与未使用卫生服务的婴儿相比，营养状况良好，发病率低。建议:需要加强社区保健工作的发展活动，以鼓励社区在社区活动中更密切地使用社区保健服务，并更密集地开展健康教育和gzi。[关键词]综合卫生服务，营养状况与发病率。[关键词]综合卫生服务，营养状况与发病率。图胡安:Mempelajari pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu hubungannyan dengan status gizi dan morbiditas balita。方法:数据杨分析数据，参见Kesehatan Dasar, 2007。样本adalah rumahtangga balita dengan kelengkapan数据状态gizi, kejadian penyakit infeksi (morbiditas)， dan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu。分析文本:dilakukan secara bivariat untuk mendapatkan adanya hubungan pmanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu denan status gizi dan morbiditas balita。Jumlah样本70210 rumahtangga yang punya anak balita。变量阳电分析的数据状态为:1 .阳电分析的数据状态为:1 .阳电分析的数据状态为:1 .阳电分析的数据状态为:数据分析采用双变量邓安卡方。Hasil: Diperoleh Hasil yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat nyata (p< 0.01) bahwa perperaku ibu balita yang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan lebih banyak balita dengan status gizi baik dibandingkan dengan balita yang tidak memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan。Begitupula ibu balita balita yang memanfaatkan pelayanan berbeda sangat nyata terhadap rendahnya kejadian penyakit (morbiditas) balita dibandingkan dengan ibu balita balita yang tidak memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan (p< 0.001)。分析数据显示:1 .分析数据显示:rumahtangga balita yang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan，分析数据显示:lebih banyak balitanya的状态。Saran: pmanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan oleh masyarakat di Posyandu berkaitan dengan aktifitas kader dan keberadaan Posyandu dekat dengan pemukiman。我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿，我的女儿。Kata Kunci: pelayanan posyandu, status gizi dan morbiditas balita
{"title":"PERILAKU PEMANFAATAN POSYANDU HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN STATUS GIZI DAN MORBIDITAS BALITA","authors":"T. S. Hidayat, Abas Basuni Jahari","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V40I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V40I1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background : Performance of health care is one important factor in health care quality improvement efforts of the population. Health services is a factor directly related to the incidence of infectious diseases (morbidity). Causes of malnutrition caused by direct addition of food consumption is also unbalanced because of the influence infectious diseases (morbidity). Objectives: Studying the utilization of health services related to nutritional status and infant morbidity. Method : Data were analyzed Health Research Data Base in 2007. The sample is a toddler with a complete household nutritional status data, incidence of infectious diseases (morbidity), health care and environmental sanitation. Descriptive analysis is done to obtain the bivariate relationship with the utilization of health services and nutritional status of infant morbidity. The number of samples of 70,210 households. Variables being analyzed is the status of nutrition, environmental sanitation, infant and morboditas health services. Bivariate data analyzed by Chi-Square. Results: The results show a significant difference (P <0.001) that the behavior of households who use more health services under five with good nutritional status compared with infants who are not household use of health services. Neither household toddlers who use different health care is very real to the low incidence of disease (morbidity) infants compared with toddlers who are not household use of health services (P <0.001). Conclusion : Based on data analisisis can conclude that: households toddlers who use more health services balitanya dengn good nutritional status and low morbidity compared with infants who are not household use of health services. Suggestion: The development activities of community-based health efforts (UKBM) need to be increased in an effort to encourage communities to use in a way closer posyandu posyandu in community activities and conduct health education and gzi more intensive. Keywords : integrated health services, nutrition status and Morbidity Toddler Abstrak Latar belakang : Partisipasi masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan posyandu m erupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam upaya peningkatkan kualitas kesehatan penduduk. Tujuan : Mempelajari pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu hubungannyan dengan status gizi dan morbiditas balita. Metode : Data yang dianalisis adalah data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007. Sampel adalah rumahtangga balita dengan kelengkapan data status gizi, kejadian penyakit infeksi (morbiditas), dan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan secara bivariat untuk mendapatkan adanya hubungan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan di posyandu dengan status gizi dan morbiditas balita. Jumlah sampel 70210 rumahtangga yang punya anak balita. Variabel yang dianalisis adalah status gizi balita, morboditas balita dan pelayanan kesehatan. Data dianalisis secara bivariat dengan Chi-Square. Hasil : Diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang ","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculosis (TB) Pulmonary is still one of the major health problems in Indonesia, and included in the province of West Sumatra. Many efforts has been conducted to outcome the problem, one of them is the DOTS strategy. From the results of countermeasures that have been implemented was the scope of the discovery of the TB patients are expected to 70% in Year 2009 in West Sumatra Province can only be achieved 48.8%. The study of socio-cultural factors underlying the low coverage of the discovery of pulmonary TB patients have been conducted in the region of Padang Kandis health centers, Guguk Subdistrict, District 50 City. This study uses a qualitative approach, and data collection techniques used were Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews. The results showed that some socio-cultural aspects that are considered related to the low coverage of the discovery of patients with pulmonary TB are the economic aspects, education/knowledge, perceptions, habits and beliefs as well as access to health services. Knowledge and awareness in the prevention of pulmonary TB disease is still lacking. Some people still have the perception that the diseases associated with pulmonary TB supernatural power, and includes diseases that are considered shameful.
{"title":"FAKTOR-FAKTOR SOSIAL BUDAYA YANG MELATARBELAKANGI RENDAHNYA CAKUPAN PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS (TB) PARU DI PUSKESMAS PADANG KANDIS, KECAMATAN GUGUK KABUPATEN 50 KOTA (PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT)","authors":"Yulfira Media","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v39i3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v39i3","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) Pulmonary is still one of the major health problems in Indonesia, and included in the province of West Sumatra. Many efforts has been conducted to outcome the problem, one of them is the DOTS strategy. From the results of countermeasures that have been implemented was the scope of the discovery of the TB patients are expected to 70% in Year 2009 in West Sumatra Province can only be achieved 48.8%. The study of socio-cultural factors underlying the low coverage of the discovery of pulmonary TB patients have been conducted in the region of Padang Kandis health centers, Guguk Subdistrict, District 50 City. This study uses a qualitative approach, and data collection techniques used were Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews. The results showed that some socio-cultural aspects that are considered related to the low coverage of the discovery of patients with pulmonary TB are the economic aspects, education/knowledge, perceptions, habits and beliefs as well as access to health services. Knowledge and awareness in the prevention of pulmonary TB disease is still lacking. Some people still have the perception that the diseases associated with pulmonary TB supernatural power, and includes diseases that are considered shameful.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"39 1","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2012-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Article 24 paragraph (1) of the National Social Security payments determine the amount of health care facilities , established by agreement between BPJS and associations of health facilities in the region. It is necessary to map out and investigate the association before the enactment of Law no. 40 of 2004 on National Social Security, as an input of policy making, implementing regulations, public policies and implementation strategies of public health insurance system in accordance Article 19 law of National Social Security Commission. Data was collected through literature review and document depth and extensive with qualitative methods. Samples were: related units in ministries , provincial/district/city health office in Jakarta and Central Java, associations of health facilities at national level and regional located in Jakarta and Central Java, health service management and health insurance experts, Indonesia Army and Police of health directorate at head-quarter. Only a few associations of health facilities existing recognized by the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. The established of association define by regulation at level decree which adopted with letters by all type leadership, organizational leaders and notaries. Their membership multiple, nearly all associations gathered in other associations, thus a hospital can be assembled in many different associations. The existing Association of health facilities does not play a role in determining content and the magnitude of the contract with BPJS, in contrary the facilities played directly. Necessary the rule of law for association which has members a local technical unit area can also bound by contract with BPJS. Key words: social health insurance payment association of health facilities Abst r ak Pasal 24 ayat 1 UU Sistim Jaminan Sosial Nasional/SJSN menyatakan b esarnya pem-bayaran ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan untuk setiap wilayah ditetapkan berdasarkan kesepakatan antara BPJS dan asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan di wilayah tersebut . Maka dirasakan perlu untuk m emetakan dan menelaah secara kiritis asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sebelum diberlakukannya UU No. 40 Tahun 2004 t entang SJSN , sebagai bahan masukan penyusunan kebijakan, peraturan pelaksana, kebijakan umum dan strategi penyelenggara a n sistem jaminan kesehatan publik sesuai a manat Pasal 19 U U SJSN. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan telaah literatur dan dokumen secara luas dan mendalam dan metoda kualitatif . Sampel Unit terkait SJSN dan direktorat yang mewakili fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Departemen Kesehatan , Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah , asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di tingkat nasional dan regional di Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah, Ahli manajemen fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan ahli jaminan kesehatan , Direktorat Kesehatan MABES TNI dan MABES POLRI di Jakarta. Baru sebagian dari asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan yang ada berbadan hukum/diakui Kementerian Hukum dan Ham . P
国家社会保障金第24条第(1)款决定了卫生保健设施的数量，由BPJS与该地区卫生设施协会达成协议。在第2号法颁布之前，有必要对协会进行规划和调查。根据国家社会保障委员会第19条的法律，作为政策制定的投入，执行法规、公共政策和公共医疗保险制度的实施战略。通过文献综述和文献深度广泛的定性方法收集资料。样本包括:各部的相关单位、雅加达和中爪哇的省/区/市卫生办公室、雅加达和中爪哇的国家一级和区域卫生设施协会、卫生服务管理和健康保险专家、总部卫生总局的印度尼西亚军队和警察。只有少数保健设施协会得到司法和人权部的承认。协会的成立由各级领导、组织领导和公证人以书面形式通过的一级法令确定。他们的成员众多，几乎所有的协会都聚集在其他协会中，因此一家医院可以聚集在许多不同的协会中。现有的保健设施协会在确定与BPJS签订的合同的内容和规模方面没有发挥作用，相反，这些设施直接发挥作用。必要的法治协会，其成员是一个地方的技术单位区域也可以与BPJS合同的约束。关键词:社会医疗保险支付卫生设施协会Abst r ak Pasal 24影片1 UU Sistim Jaminan Sosial阵线/ SJSN menyatakan b esarnya pem-bayaran ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan为她setiap wilayah ditetapkan berdasarkan kesepakatan安塔拉BPJS丹asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan di wilayah于。Maka dirasakan perlu untuk m emetakan an menelaah secara kitis asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehaan sebelum diberlakukannya UU No. 40 2004年12月1日，tentang SJSN, sebagai bahan masukan penyusunan kebiakana, peraturan pelaksana, kebijakan umum danstrategi penyelenggara和system jaminan kesehaan public sesuai a manat Pasal 19 UU SJSN。彭普兰的数据、数据、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献、文献等。Sampel Unit terkait SJSN dan dirktorat yang mewakili fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan department kesehatan, Dinas kesehatan Propinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah, asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di tingkat national and regional di Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah, Ahli manjeemen fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan Ahli jaminan kesehatan, dirkmanat kesehatan MABES TNI dan MABES POLRI di Jakarta。Baru sebagian dari asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan yang ada berbadan hukum/diakui Kementerian hukum dan Ham。Pendirian asosiasi ditetapkan berdasarkan peraturan setingkat surat keputusan yang ditetapkan oleh berbagai jenis pimpinan, pimpinan organisasi dan akta公证。保持一个多目标，使我们的目标更加清晰，更加清晰，更加清晰，更加清晰。asasasi fasilitas kesehatan yang ada belum berperan dalam menetapkan muatan danbesaran kontrak dengan BPJS, sebalikya fasilitas kesehatan yang berperan secara langsung。Perlu perangkat hukum yang mengatur agar asosiasi yang beranggotakan UPT daerah danpusat sebagai berbadan hukum agar dapat terikat kontrak dengan BPJS。
{"title":"MENUJU SISTEM JAMINAN SOSIAL NASIONAL: PEMETAKAN DAN TELAAH KRITIS ASOSIASI FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN SEBELUM UU NO. 40 TAHUN 2004/SJSN","authors":"Tati Suryati, Asih Eka Putri","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v40i2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v40i2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Article 24 paragraph (1) of the National Social Security payments determine the amount of health care facilities , established by agreement between BPJS and associations of health facilities in the region. It is necessary to map out and investigate the association before the enactment of Law no. 40 of 2004 on National Social Security, as an input of policy making, implementing regulations, public policies and implementation strategies of public health insurance system in accordance Article 19 law of National Social Security Commission. Data was collected through literature review and document depth and extensive with qualitative methods. Samples were: related units in ministries , provincial/district/city health office in Jakarta and Central Java, associations of health facilities at national level and regional located in Jakarta and Central Java, health service management and health insurance experts, Indonesia Army and Police of health directorate at head-quarter. Only a few associations of health facilities existing recognized by the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. The established of association define by regulation at level decree which adopted with letters by all type leadership, organizational leaders and notaries. Their membership multiple, nearly all associations gathered in other associations, thus a hospital can be assembled in many different associations. The existing Association of health facilities does not play a role in determining content and the magnitude of the contract with BPJS, in contrary the facilities played directly. Necessary the rule of law for association which has members a local technical unit area can also bound by contract with BPJS. Key words: social health insurance payment association of health facilities Abst r ak Pasal 24 ayat 1 UU Sistim Jaminan Sosial Nasional/SJSN menyatakan b esarnya pem-bayaran ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan untuk setiap wilayah ditetapkan berdasarkan kesepakatan antara BPJS dan asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan di wilayah tersebut . Maka dirasakan perlu untuk m emetakan dan menelaah secara kiritis asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sebelum diberlakukannya UU No. 40 Tahun 2004 t entang SJSN , sebagai bahan masukan penyusunan kebijakan, peraturan pelaksana, kebijakan umum dan strategi penyelenggara a n sistem jaminan kesehatan publik sesuai a manat Pasal 19 U U SJSN. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan telaah literatur dan dokumen secara luas dan mendalam dan metoda kualitatif . Sampel Unit terkait SJSN dan direktorat yang mewakili fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Departemen Kesehatan , Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah , asosiasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di tingkat nasional dan regional di Jakarta dan Jawa Tengah, Ahli manajemen fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan ahli jaminan kesehatan , Direktorat Kesehatan MABES TNI dan MABES POLRI di Jakarta. Baru sebagian dari asosiasi fasilitas kesehatan yang ada berbadan hukum/diakui Kementerian Hukum dan Ham . P","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. There are various selections of household insecticides in the community. So far socialization on appropriate method of using household insecticide has never been undertaken. The majority of heterogenous community of Kutowinangun village have the habit of using household insecticide. Based on this condition the problem of the study is how community behaves in relation to the use of household insecticide. The aim of study was to describe community behavior include knowledge, attitude and their practice in the use of household insecticide . The study used descriptive analytical. method to identify community behavior was done by closed questionnaire. Population of the study were community of Kutowinangun village, Salatiga Municipality whereas samples were taken using quota sampling technique. Information on community behavior was obtained quantitatively and qualitatively. Out of 100 respondents, only 72 respondents that use of mosquito repellent. Users of aerosol insecticides were 28%, repellent insecticide 8%, Mosquito coils were 36% and electric mat insecticide were 42%. Knowledge of respondents was 62% is adequate; but only 36% had supportive attitude toward the use of mosquito repellent. Users of household insecticides sometimes read the label of mosquito repellent package (58 %) at the frequency of spray once a day (36.3%). Most of them did not wash their hand after using household insecticide (54%), and they were kept insecticide on the floor (> 40%). Knowledge and attitudes influence people's behavior with a p value 40%). Pengetahuan dan Sikap berpengaruh terhadap perilaku masyarakat dengan p value < 0.05. Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik, insektisida rumah tangga
摘要社区里有各种各样的家用杀虫剂可供选择。到目前为止，从未进行过关于适当使用家用杀虫剂方法的社会化。Kutowinangun村多数异种社区有使用家用杀虫剂的习惯。基于这种情况，本研究的问题是社区在使用家用杀虫剂方面的行为。研究的目的是描述社区行为，包括家庭杀虫剂使用的知识、态度和实践。本研究采用描述性分析方法。方法采用封闭式问卷调查法进行社区行为识别。研究人群为萨拉蒂加市Kutowinangun村社区，样本采用配额抽样技术。定量和定性地获得了社区行为信息。在100名答复者中，只有72名答复者使用驱蚊剂。使用气雾剂的占28%，使用驱避剂的占8%，使用蚊香剂的占36%，使用电席杀虫剂的占42%。受访者的知识为62%是足够的;但只有36%的人对使用驱蚊剂持支持态度。使用家用杀虫剂的人有时会阅读驱蚊剂包装标签(58%)，每天喷一次(36.3%)。大多数使用家用杀虫剂后不洗手(54%)，并将杀虫剂放置在地板上(40%)。知识和态度影响人们的行为，p值为40%)。Pengetahuan dan Sikap berpengaruh terhadap persaku masyarakat dengan p值< 0.05。Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik, insektisida rumah tangga
{"title":"HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK, PENGETAHUAN, DAN SIKAP, DENGAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGGUNAAN ANTI NYAMUK DI KELURAHAN KUTOWINANGUN","authors":"R. Wigati, Lulus Susanti","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v40i3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v40i3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. There are various selections of household insecticides in the community. So far socialization on appropriate method of using household insecticide has never been undertaken. The majority of heterogenous community of Kutowinangun village have the habit of using household insecticide. Based on this condition the problem of the study is how community behaves in relation to the use of household insecticide. The aim of study was to describe community behavior include knowledge, attitude and their practice in the use of household insecticide . The study used descriptive analytical. method to identify community behavior was done by closed questionnaire. Population of the study were community of Kutowinangun village, Salatiga Municipality whereas samples were taken using quota sampling technique. Information on community behavior was obtained quantitatively and qualitatively. Out of 100 respondents, only 72 respondents that use of mosquito repellent. Users of aerosol insecticides were 28%, repellent insecticide 8%, Mosquito coils were 36% and electric mat insecticide were 42%. Knowledge of respondents was 62% is adequate; but only 36% had supportive attitude toward the use of mosquito repellent. Users of household insecticides sometimes read the label of mosquito repellent package (58 %) at the frequency of spray once a day (36.3%). Most of them did not wash their hand after using household insecticide (54%), and they were kept insecticide on the floor (> 40%). Knowledge and attitudes influence people's behavior with a p value 40%). Pengetahuan dan Sikap berpengaruh terhadap perilaku masyarakat dengan p value < 0.05. Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik, insektisida rumah tangga","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
penyakit kanker merupakan penyebab kematian utama kedua yang memberikan kontribusi 13 % kematian dari 22 % kematian akibat penyakit tidak menular utama di dunia. (I) Masalah penyakit kanker di Indonesia antara lain hampir 70% penderita penyakit ini ditemukan dalam keadaan stadium yang sudah lanjut. (2) Kenyataan yang ada antara lain sebagian besar kanker payudara yang berobat ke RS/dokter sudah dalam keadaan stadium lanjut (>50%). (3) Berdasarkan laporan dari salah satu rumah sakit di Indonesia (tahun 1968) diketahui bahwa kanker payudara hanya 22% sudah stadium operabel (Portman stadium I-II) dan 78% kanker payudara stadium inoperabel (Portman III-IV). (4) Sementara Tjindarbumi (1984) mencatat bahwa stadium operabel 30-35%; dan inoperabel (lanjut) 65-70% dan selanjutnya Ramli (1991) me lap orkan bahwa stadium operabel sudah 42% dan inoperabel 58%. Demikian pula hasil Collaborative Study Indonesia Jepang tentang epidemiologi kanker payudara sebagai berikut: stadium I 2%, stadium II 16%, stadium IlIa 23%, stadium IIIb 40% dan stadium IV 19%. (5, 6) Dampak Penyakit Tidak Menular khususnya penyakit kanker terhadap ke-tahanan sumber daya manusia sangat besar karena selain merupakan penyebab kematian dan kesakitan juga menurunkan produktivitas. Angka kesakitan dan kematian tersebut sebagian besar terjadi pada penduduk dengan sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Di Indonesia penyakit kanker merupakan urutan ke 6 dari pola penyakit nasional. Setiap tahunnya 100 kasus baru terjadi diantara 100.000 penduduk. (7) Meningkatnya pengguna rokok (57 juta orang), konsumsi alkohol, kegemukan atau 0 besitas dan kurangnya aktifitas fisik/olahraga juga berperan dalam peningkatan angka kejadian kanker di Indonesia. (8) Kanker merupakan penyakit dengan penyebab multifactor yang terbentuk dalam jangka waktu yang lama dan mengalami kemajuan melalui stadium yang berbeda-beda. (9) Faktor nutrisi merupakan salah satu aspek yang sangat penting, yang kompleks dan sangat dikaitkan dengan proses patologis kanker. Secara umum total asupan berbagai lemak (yaitu tipe yang berbeda-beda dari makanan yang berlemak) bisa dihubung-kan dengan peningkatan insiden beberapa kanker utama misalnya kanker payudara, colon, pro stat, ovarium, endometrium dan pancreas. (10, 11) Disamping itu obesitas juga meningkatkan risiko untuk kanker dan aktivitas fisik merupakan determinan utama dari pengeluaran energi akan mengurangi risiko. (12) Faktor gaya hidup antara lain merokok, diet, konsumsi alcohol, reproduksi (hamil, menyusui, umur pertama menstruasi, menopause), obesitas dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik diduga sebagai kontributor utama per-tumbuhan kanker. Dari kajian literatur terlihat beberapa faktor risiko penyakit kanker antara lain; merokok dan faktor gaya hidup (khususnya konsumsi sayur dan buah serta aktivitas fisik ) merupakan faktor risiko kanker. (14) Hal ini diperjelas dengan per-nyataan Ray (2005) yang mengatakan bahwa asupan buah dan sayur yang tinggi akan menurunkan risiko kanker. (
{"title":"Prevalensi Tumor dan Beberapa Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya di Indonesia","authors":"Ratih Oemiati, E. Rahajeng, A. Y. Kristanto","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V39I4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V39I4","url":null,"abstract":"penyakit kanker merupakan penyebab kematian utama kedua yang memberikan kontribusi 13 % kematian dari 22 % kematian akibat penyakit tidak menular utama di dunia. (I) Masalah penyakit kanker di Indonesia antara lain hampir 70% penderita penyakit ini ditemukan dalam keadaan stadium yang sudah lanjut. (2) Kenyataan yang ada antara lain sebagian besar kanker payudara yang berobat ke RS/dokter sudah dalam keadaan stadium lanjut (>50%). (3) Berdasarkan laporan dari salah satu rumah sakit di Indonesia (tahun 1968) diketahui bahwa kanker payudara hanya 22% sudah stadium operabel (Portman stadium I-II) dan 78% kanker payudara stadium inoperabel (Portman III-IV). (4) Sementara Tjindarbumi (1984) mencatat bahwa stadium operabel 30-35%; dan inoperabel (lanjut) 65-70% dan selanjutnya Ramli (1991) me lap orkan bahwa stadium operabel sudah 42% dan inoperabel 58%. Demikian pula hasil Collaborative Study Indonesia Jepang tentang epidemiologi kanker payudara sebagai berikut: stadium I 2%, stadium II 16%, stadium IlIa 23%, stadium IIIb 40% dan stadium IV 19%. (5, 6)\u0000Dampak Penyakit Tidak Menular khususnya penyakit kanker terhadap ke-tahanan sumber daya manusia sangat besar karena selain merupakan penyebab kematian dan kesakitan juga menurunkan produktivitas. Angka kesakitan dan kematian tersebut sebagian besar terjadi pada penduduk dengan sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah. \u0000\u0000Di Indonesia penyakit kanker merupakan urutan ke 6 dari pola penyakit nasional. Setiap tahunnya 100 kasus baru terjadi diantara 100.000 penduduk. (7) Meningkatnya pengguna rokok (57 juta orang), konsumsi alkohol, kegemukan atau 0 besitas dan kurangnya aktifitas fisik/olahraga juga berperan dalam peningkatan angka kejadian kanker di Indonesia. (8) Kanker merupakan penyakit dengan penyebab multifactor yang terbentuk dalam jangka waktu yang lama dan mengalami kemajuan melalui stadium yang berbeda-beda. (9) Faktor nutrisi merupakan salah satu aspek yang sangat penting, yang kompleks dan sangat dikaitkan dengan proses patologis kanker. Secara umum total asupan berbagai lemak (yaitu tipe yang berbeda-beda dari makanan yang berlemak) bisa dihubung-kan dengan peningkatan insiden beberapa kanker utama misalnya kanker payudara, colon, pro stat, ovarium, endometrium dan pancreas. (10, 11) Disamping itu obesitas juga meningkatkan risiko untuk kanker dan aktivitas fisik merupakan determinan utama dari pengeluaran energi akan mengurangi risiko. (12) Faktor gaya hidup antara lain merokok, diet, konsumsi alcohol, reproduksi (hamil, menyusui, umur pertama menstruasi, menopause), obesitas dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik diduga sebagai kontributor utama per-tumbuhan kanker. \u0000\u0000Dari kajian literatur terlihat beberapa faktor risiko penyakit kanker antara lain; merokok dan faktor gaya hidup (khususnya konsumsi sayur dan buah serta aktivitas fisik ) merupakan faktor risiko kanker. (14) Hal ini diperjelas dengan per-nyataan Ray (2005) yang mengatakan bahwa asupan buah dan sayur yang tinggi akan menurunkan risiko kanker. (","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"50 1","pages":"190-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. S. Hidayangsih, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh, S. Suparmi
This research is to find out basic information about risky behaviors in adolescents related to health and related factors. Location of the research conducted in Makassar with 10 randomly selected health centers of 14 districts. Samples were adolescent boys and girls aged between 10-24 years of either a married or unmarried who lived in the working area of the selected health centers. Using quantitative and qualitative approach in data collection, which for this article focused on the quantitative approach, which is conducted interviews of a number of 300 adolescents was selected as the sample through visits to the homes of respondents. Dependent variable of this study were adolescent risk behaviors measured by the factor of juvenile delinquency, smoking behavior, drinking alcohol, drug abuse, STDs, sexual behavior before marriage, and abortion. Whereas independent variables of the study were age, sex, education, occupation, daily activities, parental supervision, parents drank alcohol, the role of information media, and Domestic Violence. The study showed that there was a significant relationship between gender, education level, work status, parents drink alcohol, get domestic violence treatment, with risk behavior in adolescents. It is recommended to improve parental knowledge about child a good upbringing and the importance of maintaining harmony in the home, for example, by organizing seminars to parents, so that children feel comfortable, in order to reduce risk behavior in adolescents.
{"title":"FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU BERISIKO REMAJA DI KOTA MAKASSAR TAHUN 2009","authors":"P. S. Hidayangsih, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh, S. Suparmi","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V39I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V39I2","url":null,"abstract":"This research is to find out basic information about risky behaviors in adolescents related to health and related factors. Location of the research conducted in Makassar with 10 randomly selected health centers of 14 districts. Samples were adolescent boys and girls aged between 10-24 years of either a married or unmarried who lived in the working area of the selected health centers. Using quantitative and qualitative approach in data collection, which for this article focused on the quantitative approach, which is conducted interviews of a number of 300 adolescents was selected as the sample through visits to the homes of respondents. Dependent variable of this study were adolescent risk behaviors measured by the factor of juvenile delinquency, smoking behavior, drinking alcohol, drug abuse, STDs, sexual behavior before marriage, and abortion. Whereas independent variables of the study were age, sex, education, occupation, daily activities, parental supervision, parents drank alcohol, the role of information media, and Domestic Violence. The study showed that there was a significant relationship between gender, education level, work status, parents drink alcohol, get domestic violence treatment, with risk behavior in adolescents. It is recommended to improve parental knowledge about child a good upbringing and the importance of maintaining harmony in the home, for example, by organizing seminars to parents, so that children feel comfortable, in order to reduce risk behavior in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"39 1","pages":"88-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human Immunodeficiency Virus is retrovirus that can decrease immune system in human body. There are two types of HIV which could be genetically specified as HIV-I and HIV-2. HIV-I consists of three groups: M, N, and 0. The 'M' group is further classified as nine subtypes i. e, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I subtypes. In certain condition, two viruses from different subtypes can mix and form a hybrid virus, called Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs). The aim of this research is to map the distribution of HIV subtypes in all of Indonesia's provinces. Sera from HIV patients from hospitals in DKI Jakarta and East Java were taken and examined for genetic analysis. As we may already aware that DKI Jakarta and East Java are provinces that have high prevalence of HIV. All of the specimens were tested and analyzed using RT-PCR technique followed by PCR Nested and sequences confirmation. In East Java Province, HIV-I AE subtypes was the most dominant with 74%followed by Band E subtypes, each of them I3%. In DKI Jakarta province, HIV-I E subtype was the most dominant 60%, AE and B subtypes were 35%, and 5% respectively
{"title":"EPIDEMOLOGI MOLEKULER GENOTIPE Human Immunodeficiency Virus -1 (HIV-l) PADA ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) atau ODHA di JAWA TIMUR DAN DKI JAKARTA","authors":"Holy Arif Wibowo, Vivi Setyawati, Ervi Salwati","doi":"10.22435/bpk.v39i1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v39i1","url":null,"abstract":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus is retrovirus that can decrease immune system in human body. There are two types of HIV which could be genetically specified as HIV-I and HIV-2. HIV-I consists of three groups: M, N, and 0. The 'M' group is further classified as nine subtypes i. e, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I subtypes. In certain condition, two viruses from different subtypes can mix and form a hybrid virus, called Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs). The aim of this research is to map the distribution of HIV subtypes in all of Indonesia's provinces. Sera from HIV patients from hospitals in DKI Jakarta and East Java were taken and examined for genetic analysis. As we may already aware that DKI Jakarta and East Java are provinces that have high prevalence of HIV. All of the specimens were tested and analyzed using RT-PCR technique followed by PCR Nested and sequences confirmation. In East Java Province, HIV-I AE subtypes was the most dominant with 74%followed by Band E subtypes, each of them I3%. In DKI Jakarta province, HIV-I E subtype was the most dominant 60%, AE and B subtypes were 35%, and 5% respectively","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68499523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The transmission of schistosomiasis is related with human behavior or habit factors in the schistosomiasis endemic area. The Purpose of this study was to identify several factors in relationship with schistosomiasis in Napu Highland. The Study was observational with cross sectional design. Data collection were coducted stool survey and interviewes in among 196 respondents using simple random sampling. Stool samples were examined by the Kato-Katz method and interviewed was used questionnaire to identify several factors in realtionship with schistosomiasis transmission. Out of 6 community behaviours suspected to contribute to infection of schistosomiasis, 5 were related with schistosomiasis, i. e. the habit of taking a bath and washing in the river (p=<0.001), always going to the focus area (p=0.04),utilizing water resources from well (p=0.001), washing legs or hand in the river(p=<0.001) and swimming (p=0.007). Schistosomiasis infection was related to the community behaviour of bathing and washing in the river, always going to the focus area, utilizing water resources from well, washing legs or hand in the river and swimming. Key word: Schistosomiasis, Schistosoma japonicum, behaviour, Napu Highland.Central Sulawesi
{"title":"BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENULARAN Schistosoma japonicum DI DATARAN TINGGI NAPU KABUPATEN POSO SULAWESI TENGAH","authors":"Rosmini Rosmini, Soeyoko Soeyoko, S. Sumarni","doi":"10.22435/BPK.V38I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/BPK.V38I3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The transmission of schistosomiasis is related with human behavior or habit factors in the schistosomiasis endemic area. The Purpose of this study was to identify several factors in relationship with schistosomiasis in Napu Highland. The Study was observational with cross sectional design. Data collection were coducted stool survey and interviewes in among 196 respondents using simple random sampling. Stool samples were examined by the Kato-Katz method and interviewed was used questionnaire to identify several factors in realtionship with schistosomiasis transmission. Out of 6 community behaviours suspected to contribute to infection of schistosomiasis, 5 were related with schistosomiasis, i. e. the habit of taking a bath and washing in the river (p=<0.001), always going to the focus area (p=0.04),utilizing water resources from well (p=0.001), washing legs or hand in the river(p=<0.001) and swimming (p=0.007). Schistosomiasis infection was related to the community behaviour of bathing and washing in the river, always going to the focus area, utilizing water resources from well, washing legs or hand in the river and swimming. Key word: Schistosomiasis, Schistosoma japonicum, behaviour, Napu Highland.Central Sulawesi","PeriodicalId":41475,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan","volume":"38 1","pages":"131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68498979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：