Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696917
O. Tigli, M. Zaghloul
This paper reports the outline of the research work that yielded a PhD dissertation with contributions to fields of medicine, molecular biology, electrical and computer engineering. It lays out the four major components of research that were motivated by their respective problem definitions. Namely, methodology for design and analysis of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, development and characterization of a novel, CMOS compatible post-processing sequence, application of design novelties for improved SAW performance and development of a biosensor for detecting secreted proteins associated with breast cancer. The biosensor represents a novel device that can be integrated with standard electronics circuits on the same microchip to provide a stand-alone solution. Experimental results show sensitive and selective attachment of a cancer biomarker to functionalized sensor surfaces. The research fulfilled the broad objective to design, model, fabricate, post process and characterize SAW devices in CMOS technology for biosensing applications.
{"title":"Development of novel SAW devices in CMOS technology for biosensor applications","authors":"O. Tigli, M. Zaghloul","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696917","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the outline of the research work that yielded a PhD dissertation with contributions to fields of medicine, molecular biology, electrical and computer engineering. It lays out the four major components of research that were motivated by their respective problem definitions. Namely, methodology for design and analysis of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, development and characterization of a novel, CMOS compatible post-processing sequence, application of design novelties for improved SAW performance and development of a biosensor for detecting secreted proteins associated with breast cancer. The biosensor represents a novel device that can be integrated with standard electronics circuits on the same microchip to provide a stand-alone solution. Experimental results show sensitive and selective attachment of a cancer biomarker to functionalized sensor surfaces. The research fulfilled the broad objective to design, model, fabricate, post process and characterize SAW devices in CMOS technology for biosensing applications.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117174198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696890
Reid R. Harrison, R. J. Kier, Sohee Kim, L. Rieth, David J. Warren, N. M. Ledbetter, Gregory A. Clark, Florian Solzbacher, C. A. Chestek, V. Gilja, P. Nuyujukian, S. Ryu, K. Shenoy
A primary goal of the integrated neural interface project (INIP) is to develop a wireless, implantable device capable of recording neural activity from 100 micromachined electrodes. The heart of this recording system is a low-power integrated circuit that amplifies 100 weak neural signals, detects spikes with programmable threshold-crossing circuits, and returns these data via digital radio telemetry. The chip receives power, clock, and command signals through a coil-to-coil inductive link. Here we report that the isolated integrated circuit successfully recorded and wirelessly transmitted digitized electrical activity from peripheral nerve and cortex at 15.7 kS/s. The chip also simultaneously performed accurate on-chip spike detection and wirelessly transmitted the spike threshold-crossing data. We also present preliminary successful results from full system integration and packaging.
{"title":"A wireless neural interface for chronic recording","authors":"Reid R. Harrison, R. J. Kier, Sohee Kim, L. Rieth, David J. Warren, N. M. Ledbetter, Gregory A. Clark, Florian Solzbacher, C. A. Chestek, V. Gilja, P. Nuyujukian, S. Ryu, K. Shenoy","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696890","url":null,"abstract":"A primary goal of the integrated neural interface project (INIP) is to develop a wireless, implantable device capable of recording neural activity from 100 micromachined electrodes. The heart of this recording system is a low-power integrated circuit that amplifies 100 weak neural signals, detects spikes with programmable threshold-crossing circuits, and returns these data via digital radio telemetry. The chip receives power, clock, and command signals through a coil-to-coil inductive link. Here we report that the isolated integrated circuit successfully recorded and wirelessly transmitted digitized electrical activity from peripheral nerve and cortex at 15.7 kS/s. The chip also simultaneously performed accurate on-chip spike detection and wirelessly transmitted the spike threshold-crossing data. We also present preliminary successful results from full system integration and packaging.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"516 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116219975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696954
J. Tapson, N. Gurari, J. Díaz, E. Chicca, D. Sander, P. Pouliquen, R. Etienne-Cummings
We describe a sensory augmentation system designed to provide the visually disabled with a sense of color. Our system consists of a glove with short-range optical color sensors mounted on its fingertips, and a torso-worn belt on which tactors (haptic feedback actuators) are mounted. Each fingertip sensor detects the observed objectpsilas color. This information is encoded to the tactor through vibrations in respective locations and varying modulations. Early results suggest that detection of primary colors is possible with near 100% accuracy and moderate latency, with a minimum amount of training.
{"title":"The feeling of color: A haptic feedback device for the visually disabled","authors":"J. Tapson, N. Gurari, J. Díaz, E. Chicca, D. Sander, P. Pouliquen, R. Etienne-Cummings","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696954","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a sensory augmentation system designed to provide the visually disabled with a sense of color. Our system consists of a glove with short-range optical color sensors mounted on its fingertips, and a torso-worn belt on which tactors (haptic feedback actuators) are mounted. Each fingertip sensor detects the observed objectpsilas color. This information is encoded to the tactor through vibrations in respective locations and varying modulations. Early results suggest that detection of primary colors is possible with near 100% accuracy and moderate latency, with a minimum amount of training.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129692662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696875
Wei-Chung Huang, S. Hung, Jen-Feng Chung, Meng-Hsiu Chang, Lan-Da Van, Chin-Teng Lin
Blind source separation of independent sources from their mixtures is a common problem for multi-sensor applications in real world, for example, speech or biomedical signal processing. This paper presents an independent component analysis (ICA) method with information maximization (Infomax) update applied into 4-channel one-line EEG signal separation. This can be implemented on FPGA with a fixed-point number representation, and then the separated signals are transmitted via Bluetooth. As experimental results, the proposed design is faster 56 times than soft performance, and the correlation coefficients at least 80% with the absolute value are compared with off-line processing results. Finally, live demonstration is shown in the DE2 FPGA board, and the design is consisted of 16,605 logic elements.
{"title":"FPGA implementation of 4-channel ICA for on-line EEG signal separation","authors":"Wei-Chung Huang, S. Hung, Jen-Feng Chung, Meng-Hsiu Chang, Lan-Da Van, Chin-Teng Lin","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696875","url":null,"abstract":"Blind source separation of independent sources from their mixtures is a common problem for multi-sensor applications in real world, for example, speech or biomedical signal processing. This paper presents an independent component analysis (ICA) method with information maximization (Infomax) update applied into 4-channel one-line EEG signal separation. This can be implemented on FPGA with a fixed-point number representation, and then the separated signals are transmitted via Bluetooth. As experimental results, the proposed design is faster 56 times than soft performance, and the correlation coefficients at least 80% with the absolute value are compared with off-line processing results. Finally, live demonstration is shown in the DE2 FPGA board, and the design is consisted of 16,605 logic elements.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122317049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696884
Lihsien Wu, Zhi Yang, E. Basham, Wentai Liu
The design and analysis of a power telemetry system with multiple output voltages is presented in this paper. The system includes a Class E power transmitter, cascaded resonant tank, diode rectifiers, reverse data telemetry and regulators. The power loss associated with voltage conversion is minimized by using a proposed cascaded resonant tank. Reverse telemetry senses the power level fluctuation due to the coil movement and reliably provides minimally required power for the implant. The power telemetry system provides 5 voltage levels (tunable up to plusmn 12 Vplusmn2.5 V and ground), each supported by a dedicated integrated regulator except the ground. The maximum deliverable power is in excess of 100 mW when power coils are separated by 1 cm.
{"title":"An efficient wireless power link for high voltage retinal implant","authors":"Lihsien Wu, Zhi Yang, E. Basham, Wentai Liu","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696884","url":null,"abstract":"The design and analysis of a power telemetry system with multiple output voltages is presented in this paper. The system includes a Class E power transmitter, cascaded resonant tank, diode rectifiers, reverse data telemetry and regulators. The power loss associated with voltage conversion is minimized by using a proposed cascaded resonant tank. Reverse telemetry senses the power level fluctuation due to the coil movement and reliably provides minimally required power for the implant. The power telemetry system provides 5 voltage levels (tunable up to plusmn 12 Vplusmn2.5 V and ground), each supported by a dedicated integrated regulator except the ground. The maximum deliverable power is in excess of 100 mW when power coils are separated by 1 cm.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121414315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696924
V. Valente, A. Demosthenous, R. Bayford
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a clinical technique adopted for the treatment of various neurological disorders. One major limitation of todaypsilas DBS systems is the inability to focus the electric field in the desired direction and provide a more efficient stimulation. This study adopted 2D and 3D FEM tools to explore the the application of phased array (PA) techniques to control the direction of the stimulation pattern delivered during DBS. Results illustrate that a PA DBS system can be used to steer the stimulation pattern from broadside to endfire, by driving the electrode contacts with high frequency sinusoids with phase delays varying from 0deg to 90deg. This study can provide a framework for future investigation in the development of more efficient DBS systems based on PA technology.
{"title":"Towards the development of phased array systems for deep brain stimulation","authors":"V. Valente, A. Demosthenous, R. Bayford","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696924","url":null,"abstract":"Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a clinical technique adopted for the treatment of various neurological disorders. One major limitation of todaypsilas DBS systems is the inability to focus the electric field in the desired direction and provide a more efficient stimulation. This study adopted 2D and 3D FEM tools to explore the the application of phased array (PA) techniques to control the direction of the stimulation pattern delivered during DBS. Results illustrate that a PA DBS system can be used to steer the stimulation pattern from broadside to endfire, by driving the electrode contacts with high frequency sinusoids with phase delays varying from 0deg to 90deg. This study can provide a framework for future investigation in the development of more efficient DBS systems based on PA technology.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132615667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696876
S.J. Cozen, Rui Zhang, Yantao Shen, N. Xi, J. Yi
To better understand the biomechanical properties involved in Drosophila embryo research, this work presents a mechanical characterization of living Drosophila embryos through the stages of embryogenesis. Measurement of the mechanical properties of Drosophila embryos is implemented using a networked human/robot cooperative interface featuring a novel, in situ, and minimally invasive piezoelectric force-sensing tool with resolution in the range of muN. Penetration force profiles of the embryos at various stages of embryogenesis are reported. The Youngpsilas modulus, stiffness, and the mechanical impedance of the developing Drosophila embryos are quantitatively evaluated and presented alongside experimentally derived mathematical models.
{"title":"Quantitative biomechanical analysis of Drosophila embryos through the stages of embryogenesis using a sensorized human/robot cooperative interface","authors":"S.J. Cozen, Rui Zhang, Yantao Shen, N. Xi, J. Yi","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696876","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand the biomechanical properties involved in Drosophila embryo research, this work presents a mechanical characterization of living Drosophila embryos through the stages of embryogenesis. Measurement of the mechanical properties of Drosophila embryos is implemented using a networked human/robot cooperative interface featuring a novel, in situ, and minimally invasive piezoelectric force-sensing tool with resolution in the range of muN. Penetration force profiles of the embryos at various stages of embryogenesis are reported. The Youngpsilas modulus, stiffness, and the mechanical impedance of the developing Drosophila embryos are quantitatively evaluated and presented alongside experimentally derived mathematical models.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127929123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696956
A. Manohar, D. Bhatia
A low power, microcontroller based patient bed monitoring system is discussed in this paper. The resistive bend sensor based approach provides an effective low cost alternative for minimizing the harmful effects of bedsores which is prevalent in hospital intensive care units and assisted living environments during rehabilitation. The ZigBee based wireless interface for this pressure detection system is aimed at reducing the hassles of the existing complex wired setup and to provide continuous patient care and monitoring by enabling the patient bed mobility as essentially required for patients in critical condition.
{"title":"Pressure detection and wireless interface for patient bed","authors":"A. Manohar, D. Bhatia","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696956","url":null,"abstract":"A low power, microcontroller based patient bed monitoring system is discussed in this paper. The resistive bend sensor based approach provides an effective low cost alternative for minimizing the harmful effects of bedsores which is prevalent in hospital intensive care units and assisted living environments during rehabilitation. The ZigBee based wireless interface for this pressure detection system is aimed at reducing the hassles of the existing complex wired setup and to provide continuous patient care and monitoring by enabling the patient bed mobility as essentially required for patients in critical condition.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125294663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-22DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696939
T. Prodromakis, P. Georgiou, T. Constandinou, K. Michelakis, C. Toumazou
This paper presents a batch encapsulation technique for CMOS based chemical sensors. SU-8 photoresist is employed as the encapsulant while the sensing membrane of the sensor is directly exposed to the solution. This approach is based on standard photolithographic techniques and thus can be used for processing multiple dies containing chemical sensors in a single step.
{"title":"Batch encapsulation technique for CMOS based chemical sensors","authors":"T. Prodromakis, P. Georgiou, T. Constandinou, K. Michelakis, C. Toumazou","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696939","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a batch encapsulation technique for CMOS based chemical sensors. SU-8 photoresist is employed as the encapsulant while the sensing membrane of the sensor is directly exposed to the solution. This approach is based on standard photolithographic techniques and thus can be used for processing multiple dies containing chemical sensors in a single step.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127091226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-20DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696902
L. Buhry, S. Saighi, A. Giremus, É. Grivel, S. Renaud
In 1952 Hodgkin and Huxley introduced the voltage-clamp technique to extract the parameters of the ionic channel model of a neuron. Although this method is widely used today, it has a lot of disadvantages. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to the estimation method of the voltage-clamp technique using metaheuristics such as simulated annealing, genetic algorithms and differential evolution. This method avoids approximations of the original technique by simultaneously estimating all the parameters of a single ionic channel with a single fitness function. To compare the different methods, we apply them on measurements from a neuromimetic integrated circuit. This circuit, due to its analog behavior, provides us noisy data like a biological system. Therefore we can validate the efficiency of our method on experimental-like data.
{"title":"Parameter estimation of the Hodgkin-Huxley model using metaheuristics: Application to neuromimetic analog integrated circuits","authors":"L. Buhry, S. Saighi, A. Giremus, É. Grivel, S. Renaud","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696902","url":null,"abstract":"In 1952 Hodgkin and Huxley introduced the voltage-clamp technique to extract the parameters of the ionic channel model of a neuron. Although this method is widely used today, it has a lot of disadvantages. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to the estimation method of the voltage-clamp technique using metaheuristics such as simulated annealing, genetic algorithms and differential evolution. This method avoids approximations of the original technique by simultaneously estimating all the parameters of a single ionic channel with a single fitness function. To compare the different methods, we apply them on measurements from a neuromimetic integrated circuit. This circuit, due to its analog behavior, provides us noisy data like a biological system. Therefore we can validate the efficiency of our method on experimental-like data.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121391659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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