Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696958
Milin Zhang, A. Bermak, Xiaowen Li, Zhihua Wang
This paper proposes a low power full-custom CMOS digital pixel sensor array designed for a wireless endoscopy capsule. The proposed architecture greatly reduces the on-chip memory requirement by sharing pixel-level memory in the sensor array with the digital image processor. The pixel-level memories in the proposed full-custom image sensor are used not only to store the raw image pixel values in the image capture phase, but also is also used as buffers for the digital image processor during the image compression and transmission phase. Low power design is carried out both at the algorithmic and circuit levels, which reduces almost 50% switching activities on data bus, about 80% of power consumption in the main pixel circuit during image capture phase and 15% during image process phase while transmitting data at a rate of 2-frame/s.
{"title":"A low power CMOS image sensor design for wireless endoscopy capsule","authors":"Milin Zhang, A. Bermak, Xiaowen Li, Zhihua Wang","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696958","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a low power full-custom CMOS digital pixel sensor array designed for a wireless endoscopy capsule. The proposed architecture greatly reduces the on-chip memory requirement by sharing pixel-level memory in the sensor array with the digital image processor. The pixel-level memories in the proposed full-custom image sensor are used not only to store the raw image pixel values in the image capture phase, but also is also used as buffers for the digital image processor during the image compression and transmission phase. Low power design is carried out both at the algorithmic and circuit levels, which reduces almost 50% switching activities on data bus, about 80% of power consumption in the main pixel circuit during image capture phase and 15% during image process phase while transmitting data at a rate of 2-frame/s.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120950286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696932
B. Marr, S. Brink, P. Hasler, D.V. Anderson
Motivated by the many stochastic processes found in biology that allow for ultra-efficient computing, this paper explores circuit implementations for stochastic computation in hardware. Several novel contributions are presented in this paper, namely a dynamically controllable system of random number generators that produces Bernoulli random variables, exponentially distributed random variables, and allows for random variables of an arbitrary distribution to be generated. This system is implemented on a reconfigurable analog chipset allowing for the first time ever a hardware stochastic process with a user input to control the probability distribution. The utility of this system is demonstrated by implementing the well-known Gillespie algorithm for simulating an arbitrary biological system trajectory of sufficiently small molecules where over a 127times performance improvement over current software approaches is shown.
{"title":"A reconfigurable, analog system for efficient stochastic biological computation","authors":"B. Marr, S. Brink, P. Hasler, D.V. Anderson","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696932","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by the many stochastic processes found in biology that allow for ultra-efficient computing, this paper explores circuit implementations for stochastic computation in hardware. Several novel contributions are presented in this paper, namely a dynamically controllable system of random number generators that produces Bernoulli random variables, exponentially distributed random variables, and allows for random variables of an arbitrary distribution to be generated. This system is implemented on a reconfigurable analog chipset allowing for the first time ever a hardware stochastic process with a user input to control the probability distribution. The utility of this system is demonstrated by implementing the well-known Gillespie algorithm for simulating an arbitrary biological system trajectory of sufficiently small molecules where over a 127times performance improvement over current software approaches is shown.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116692588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696862
M.C. Munshi, Jinhua Jiang, Yan Xin, T. Lande, Y. Lian
Wireless biomedical applications require low power operations for long, uninterrupted durations of use. In order to harness the low power characteristics of Ultra Wideband (UWB) systems, issues involving the synchronization of extremely short pulses have to be resolved as they surface as major bottlenecks of the design of such systems. The situation is particularly adverse in short range communication systems operating in dense indoor environments as employed in the biomedical field. In this paper, we present a simple power saving synchronization scheme extended upon a previously implemented spatial rake receiver structure. This scheme, which uses neither high speed ADCs nor conventional analog correlators, allows for significant reduction in receiver power consumption while achieving quick acquisition in the preamble stage under moderate signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions, by exploiting favorable cross correlation properties of known Barker sequences. This is illustrated by appropriately adjusting the threshold value of the discrete correlation between received data and chosen sequences.
{"title":"An efficient synchronization scheme for digital UWB communication systems for biomedical applications","authors":"M.C. Munshi, Jinhua Jiang, Yan Xin, T. Lande, Y. Lian","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696862","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless biomedical applications require low power operations for long, uninterrupted durations of use. In order to harness the low power characteristics of Ultra Wideband (UWB) systems, issues involving the synchronization of extremely short pulses have to be resolved as they surface as major bottlenecks of the design of such systems. The situation is particularly adverse in short range communication systems operating in dense indoor environments as employed in the biomedical field. In this paper, we present a simple power saving synchronization scheme extended upon a previously implemented spatial rake receiver structure. This scheme, which uses neither high speed ADCs nor conventional analog correlators, allows for significant reduction in receiver power consumption while achieving quick acquisition in the preamble stage under moderate signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions, by exploiting favorable cross correlation properties of known Barker sequences. This is illustrated by appropriately adjusting the threshold value of the discrete correlation between received data and chosen sequences.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132551499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696891
B. Thurgood, N. M. Ledbetter, David J. Warren, Gregory A. Clark, Reid R. Harrison
We present the design of an integrated circuit for wireless neural stimulation, along with bench-top and in-vivo experimental results. The chip has the ability to drive 100 individual stimulation electrodes with constant-current pulses of varying amplitude, duration, interphasic delay, and repetition rate. The stimulation is done using a biphasic (cathodic and anodic) current source, injecting and retracting charge from the nervous system. Wireless communication and power are achieved over a 2.765-MHz inductive link. Only two off-chip components are needed to operate the stimulator: a 10-nF capacitor to aid in power supply regulation and a coil for power and command reception. The chip was fabricated in a commercially available 0.6-mum 2P3M BiCMOS process. The chip was able to activate motor fibers to produce muscle twitches via a Utah Slanted Electrode Array implanted in cat sciatic nerve, and to activate sensory fibers to recruit evoked potentials in somatosensory cortex.
我们提出了一种用于无线神经刺激的集成电路的设计，以及实验台上和体内的实验结果。该芯片能够驱动100个具有不同振幅、持续时间、相间延迟和重复率的恒流脉冲的单独刺激电极。刺激是使用双相(阴极和阳极)电流源，从神经系统注入和收回电荷。无线通信和电源是在2.765 mhz的感应链路上实现的。操作刺激器只需要两个片外组件:一个用于电源调节的10-nF电容器和一个用于电源和命令接收的线圈。该芯片采用市售的0.6 μ m 2P3M BiCMOS工艺制造。通过植入猫坐骨神经的犹他倾斜电极阵列，该芯片能够激活运动纤维产生肌肉抽搐，并激活感觉纤维以招募体感觉皮层的诱发电位。
{"title":"Wireless integrated circuit for 100-channel neural stimulation","authors":"B. Thurgood, N. M. Ledbetter, David J. Warren, Gregory A. Clark, Reid R. Harrison","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696891","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design of an integrated circuit for wireless neural stimulation, along with bench-top and in-vivo experimental results. The chip has the ability to drive 100 individual stimulation electrodes with constant-current pulses of varying amplitude, duration, interphasic delay, and repetition rate. The stimulation is done using a biphasic (cathodic and anodic) current source, injecting and retracting charge from the nervous system. Wireless communication and power are achieved over a 2.765-MHz inductive link. Only two off-chip components are needed to operate the stimulator: a 10-nF capacitor to aid in power supply regulation and a coil for power and command reception. The chip was fabricated in a commercially available 0.6-mum 2P3M BiCMOS process. The chip was able to activate motor fibers to produce muscle twitches via a Utah Slanted Electrode Array implanted in cat sciatic nerve, and to activate sensory fibers to recruit evoked potentials in somatosensory cortex.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114560566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696921
Yang Liu, E. Alocilja, S. Chakrabartty
Advances in micro-nano-biosensor fabrication are enabling the integration of a large number of biological recognition elements within a single package. As a result, hundreds to millions of tests can be performed simultaneously and can facilitate rapid detection of multiple pathogens in a given sample. However, it is an open question as to how to exploit the high-dimensional nature of the multi-pathogen testing for improving the detection reliability of typical biosensor systems. Our research over the past few years has addressed this question and in this paper we briefly summarize our approach. Our underlying principle is based on a forward error correcting (FEC) biosensor where redundant patterns are synthetically encoded on the biosensor. A decoding algorithm then exploits this redundancy to compensate for systematic errors due to experimental variations and for random errors due to stochastic biomolecular interactions. The key milestones in this research are : (a) fabrication and modeling of biomolecular circuit elements used for constructing the FEC biosensor; (b) development of a simulation environment for rapid evaluation of encoding/decoding algorithms and (c) development of a ldquoco-detectionrdquo protocol that exploits non-linear interaction between different biomolecular circuit elements. As a proof-of-concept our study and experimental results have been based on a conductimetric lateral flow immunosensor that uses antigen-antibody interaction in conjunction with a polyaniline transducer to detect the presence or absence of pathogens in a given sample.
{"title":"Forward error correcting biosensors: Modeling, algorithms and fabrication","authors":"Yang Liu, E. Alocilja, S. Chakrabartty","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696921","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in micro-nano-biosensor fabrication are enabling the integration of a large number of biological recognition elements within a single package. As a result, hundreds to millions of tests can be performed simultaneously and can facilitate rapid detection of multiple pathogens in a given sample. However, it is an open question as to how to exploit the high-dimensional nature of the multi-pathogen testing for improving the detection reliability of typical biosensor systems. Our research over the past few years has addressed this question and in this paper we briefly summarize our approach. Our underlying principle is based on a forward error correcting (FEC) biosensor where redundant patterns are synthetically encoded on the biosensor. A decoding algorithm then exploits this redundancy to compensate for systematic errors due to experimental variations and for random errors due to stochastic biomolecular interactions. The key milestones in this research are : (a) fabrication and modeling of biomolecular circuit elements used for constructing the FEC biosensor; (b) development of a simulation environment for rapid evaluation of encoding/decoding algorithms and (c) development of a ldquoco-detectionrdquo protocol that exploits non-linear interaction between different biomolecular circuit elements. As a proof-of-concept our study and experimental results have been based on a conductimetric lateral flow immunosensor that uses antigen-antibody interaction in conjunction with a polyaniline transducer to detect the presence or absence of pathogens in a given sample.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123954765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696903
Chul Kim, S. Nooshabadi, T. Lehmann
This paper presents the integrated circuit design of an ultra-wideband (UWB) transceiver for a wireless endoscope that enables real-time diagnosis with high resolution images. The implemented UWB transceiver is a non-coherent transmit reference (TR) architecture with differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) modulation. All-digital pulse generator (PG) and merged radio frequency (RF) front end including low-noise amplifier (LNA), mixer and low-pass filter (LPF) have been proposed and implemented along with the analog baseband and LC-voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using 0.18 mum digital CMOS process.
{"title":"An UWB system for wireless endoscope","authors":"Chul Kim, S. Nooshabadi, T. Lehmann","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696903","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the integrated circuit design of an ultra-wideband (UWB) transceiver for a wireless endoscope that enables real-time diagnosis with high resolution images. The implemented UWB transceiver is a non-coherent transmit reference (TR) architecture with differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) modulation. All-digital pulse generator (PG) and merged radio frequency (RF) front end including low-noise amplifier (LNA), mixer and low-pass filter (LPF) have been proposed and implemented along with the analog baseband and LC-voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using 0.18 mum digital CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129966437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696887
T. Dissanayake, D. Budgett, P. Hu, S. Malpas
Power can be transferred across the skin using time varying magnetic fields to energize implantable medical devices. One of the most important concerns is the temperature rise caused by power loss and heating of such TET (Transcutanoues Energy Transfer) systems. This paper presents an experimental study of a TET system implanted in a sheep. The temperature rise in the internal and external coils of a TET system is analysed for power delivery in the 7W to 25W range. A power loss analysis of the overall system for three different loading conditions has been carried out and comparisons are presented. The TET system presented operates with an efficiency of 80.5% and a temperature rise of 2degC was observed in the implanted secondary coil when delivering 7W of power to the load.
{"title":"Experimental thermal study of a TET system for implantable biomedical devices","authors":"T. Dissanayake, D. Budgett, P. Hu, S. Malpas","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696887","url":null,"abstract":"Power can be transferred across the skin using time varying magnetic fields to energize implantable medical devices. One of the most important concerns is the temperature rise caused by power loss and heating of such TET (Transcutanoues Energy Transfer) systems. This paper presents an experimental study of a TET system implanted in a sheep. The temperature rise in the internal and external coils of a TET system is analysed for power delivery in the 7W to 25W range. A power loss analysis of the overall system for three different loading conditions has been carried out and comparisons are presented. The TET system presented operates with an efficiency of 80.5% and a temperature rise of 2degC was observed in the implanted secondary coil when delivering 7W of power to the load.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131034756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696940
S. Carrara, A. Cavallini, G. De Micheli, V. Shumyantseva, A. Archakov, J. Olivo, L. Benini
Drug development and personalized therapy require accurate and frequent monitoring of the metabolic response by living tissues to treatments. In case of high risk side effects, e.g. therapies with interfering anti-cancer molecule cocktails, direct monitoring of the patientpsilas drugs metabolism is essential as the metabolic pathways efficacy is highly variable on a patient-by-patient basis. Currently, there are no fully mature point-of-care bio-sensing systems for drugs metabolism monitoring directly in blood. The aim of the paper is to investigate solutions to develop point-of-care systems for drugs monitoring in personalized therapy. P450 enzymes are the considered probe molecules as they are key proteins directly involved in drugs metabolism of humans. Sensitivity improvement is ensured by means of enzyme integration onto electrodes structured with carbon nanotubes. Component Off-The-Shelf (COTS) based circuits design is investigated toward bio-chip development. Results show that the proposed circuitry is suitable for the aim and confirm that nanotubes are detection enhancers.
{"title":"Circuits design and nano-structured electrodes for drugs monitoring in personalized therapy","authors":"S. Carrara, A. Cavallini, G. De Micheli, V. Shumyantseva, A. Archakov, J. Olivo, L. Benini","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696940","url":null,"abstract":"Drug development and personalized therapy require accurate and frequent monitoring of the metabolic response by living tissues to treatments. In case of high risk side effects, e.g. therapies with interfering anti-cancer molecule cocktails, direct monitoring of the patientpsilas drugs metabolism is essential as the metabolic pathways efficacy is highly variable on a patient-by-patient basis. Currently, there are no fully mature point-of-care bio-sensing systems for drugs metabolism monitoring directly in blood. The aim of the paper is to investigate solutions to develop point-of-care systems for drugs monitoring in personalized therapy. P450 enzymes are the considered probe molecules as they are key proteins directly involved in drugs metabolism of humans. Sensitivity improvement is ensured by means of enzyme integration onto electrodes structured with carbon nanotubes. Component Off-The-Shelf (COTS) based circuits design is investigated toward bio-chip development. Results show that the proposed circuitry is suitable for the aim and confirm that nanotubes are detection enhancers.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127542682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696909
K. Shimonomura, T. Yagi
A silicon retina is an intelligent vision sensor that can execute real-time image pre-processing by using a parallel analog circuit that mimics the structure of the neuronal circuits in a vertebrate retina. In order to enhance robustness against changes in lighting conditions, we designed and fabricated a frame-based, wide dynamic range silicon retina with an active pixel sensor that approximates the logarithmic illumination-to-voltage transfer characteristics by using a time-dependent stepped reset voltage technique. The chip in this study realized dynamic range wide enough for perceiving objects in both indoor and outdoor environments. Moreover, the combination of the logarithmic-like photosensor and the Laplacian-Gaussian-like filtering by a resistive network in the chip produces the response with lightness constancy, that is, the response of the chip depends only on the contrast of the reflectance of objects, and not on the changes in illumination. The present silicon retina is suitable for the front end of the vision system in autonomous mobile robots in the real world.
{"title":"Computing lightness constancy with an APS-based silicon retina","authors":"K. Shimonomura, T. Yagi","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696909","url":null,"abstract":"A silicon retina is an intelligent vision sensor that can execute real-time image pre-processing by using a parallel analog circuit that mimics the structure of the neuronal circuits in a vertebrate retina. In order to enhance robustness against changes in lighting conditions, we designed and fabricated a frame-based, wide dynamic range silicon retina with an active pixel sensor that approximates the logarithmic illumination-to-voltage transfer characteristics by using a time-dependent stepped reset voltage technique. The chip in this study realized dynamic range wide enough for perceiving objects in both indoor and outdoor environments. Moreover, the combination of the logarithmic-like photosensor and the Laplacian-Gaussian-like filtering by a resistive network in the chip produces the response with lightness constancy, that is, the response of the chip depends only on the contrast of the reflectance of objects, and not on the changes in illumination. The present silicon retina is suitable for the front end of the vision system in autonomous mobile robots in the real world.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116656957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696865
Ning Wang, E. Ambikairajah, B. Celler, N. Lovell
This paper describes classification of gait patterns from a waist-mounted triaxial accelerometer. A feature extraction technique using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an amplitude/frequency modulation (AM-FM) model is proposed for the classification of walking activities from accelerometry data. A set of novel features, including AM, instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA), representing the walking patterns were obtained based on a second-order all-pole resonator. The back-end of the system was a 32-mixture Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifier. An overall classification error rate of 4.88% was achieved for the five different human gait patterns referring to walking on flat levels, walking up and down paved ramps and walking up and down stairways.
{"title":"Feature extraction using an AM-FM model for gait pattern classification","authors":"Ning Wang, E. Ambikairajah, B. Celler, N. Lovell","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696865","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes classification of gait patterns from a waist-mounted triaxial accelerometer. A feature extraction technique using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an amplitude/frequency modulation (AM-FM) model is proposed for the classification of walking activities from accelerometry data. A set of novel features, including AM, instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA), representing the walking patterns were obtained based on a second-order all-pole resonator. The back-end of the system was a 32-mixture Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifier. An overall classification error rate of 4.88% was achieved for the five different human gait patterns referring to walking on flat levels, walking up and down paved ramps and walking up and down stairways.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131232396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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