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Salvation through History: On the Relationship between An Kyŏngjŏn's Millenarian Doctrine and Pseudohistory 历史救赎:论a Kyŏngjŏn的千禧年主义与伪历史的关系
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2020.20.2.001
A. Logie
ABSTRACT:In recent years, South Korean pseudohistorians, who accuse the academic establishment of promoting "colonial-era historiography," have achieved political influence impacting professional research on early Korea. Their alternative narrative imagines ancient Korea as an expansive continental empire giving rise to northeast Asian civilization. Archetypal to this conceptualization is the apocryphal history Hwandan kogi 桓檀古記 (1979). Placed in the history sections of bookstores, the most accessible edition today is that translated by An Kyŏngjŏn, second-generation patriarch of the syncretic new religion of Chŭngsando. An's Hwandan kogi contains an extensive introduction both synthesizing the full canon of Korean pseudohistory, and incorporating his own millenarian doctrine drawn from Sino-Korean esotericism; An further supplements both these aspects with corresponding Western pseudoscience pertaining to lost civilizations and imminent apocalypse. Situating An's doctrine in diachronic contexts of popular Korean history and new religion, this paper seeks to illuminate one of the lesser known forces currently abetting Korean pseudohistory.
摘要:近年来,韩国伪历史学家指责学术机构在推动“殖民时代史学”,并取得了影响早期朝鲜专业研究的政治影响力。他们的另一种叙述将古代朝鲜想象成一个扩张的大陆帝国,产生了东北亚文明。这种概念的原型是虚构的历史《幻檀古木》(1979)。在书店的历史部分,今天最容易获得的版本是由安Kyŏngjŏn翻译的,他是融合新宗教Chŭngsando的第二代族长。安哲秀的《焕丹古记》包含了一个广泛的介绍,既综合了韩国伪历史的全部经典,又结合了他自己从中韩神秘主义中汲取的千年教义;进一步补充这两个方面与相应的西方伪科学有关失落的文明和迫在眉睫的世界末日。本文将安氏学说置于韩国通俗历史和新宗教的历时性背景中,试图阐明目前助长韩国伪历史的鲜为人知的力量之一。
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引用次数: 0
Re-nationalizing Repatriated Japanese into Post-War Japan: From Imperial Subjects to Post-War Citizens 战后日本归国:从帝国臣民到战后公民
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2020.20.1.005
Yi-jin Park
ABSTRACT:This paper examines the relationship between the Cold War and returnees to Japan based on Kikansha hikkei 帰還者必携 (Handbook for returnees), a publication prepared by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture on June 1, 1949. This analysis focuses on the contents of Kikansha hikkei in order to clarify the meaning of democracy and re-nationalization in post-war Japan and show that the metahistory of returnees—viewed in previous research in terms of war history, the sufferings of people in colonized areas, and pre- and post-war continuities and discontinuities—originated in the new “Cultural Cold War.” Japan’s post-war reorganization sought the democratization of militaristic elements, and for this reason critical research on preand post-war continuities and discontinuities has centered on postwar reforms and/or imperial (colonial) history within the critique of decolonization. In this context, the basic perspective of the Japanese government toward returnees at the time seems to have been that overseas returnees living in direct contact with the old “pre-war” systems—empire and colonialism—should be re-nationalized as citizens of the “new Japan.” In this process, however, the Japanese authorities did not mean merely to reorganize subjects of the former empire into citizens of post-war Japan; returnees were also required to become the principle modernizing agents in realizing liberal democracy—another kind of warrior in the Cold War.
摘要:本文以Kikansha hikkei为研究对象,探讨了冷战与日本归国人员的关系帰還者必携 (《归国人员手册》),教育、科学和文化部于1949年6月1日编制的出版物。本文着重分析《菊见义行》的内容,以阐明战后日本民主与再民族化的意义,并表明以往研究中从战争史、殖民地人民的苦难以及前后的连续性和不连续性等方面来看的海归元史,都源于新的“文化冷战”。“日本战后的重组寻求军国主义元素的民主化,因此,对战前和战后连续性和不连续性的批判性研究集中在战后改革和/或非殖民化批判中的帝国(殖民地)历史上。在这种背景下,当时日本政府对海归的基本观点似乎是,与旧的“战前”制度——帝国主义和殖民主义——直接接触的海归应该被重新国有化,成为“新日本”的公民,日本当局的意图不仅仅是将前帝国的臣民重组为战后日本的公民;回归者还被要求成为实现自由民主的主要现代化推动者——冷战时期的另一种战士。
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引用次数: 0
Cast Iron Smelting and Fining: An Iron Smelting Site of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Xuxiebian, Sichuan Province, China 铸铁冶炼和精炼:中国四川徐榭边东汉时期的一处炼铁遗址
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2019.19.1.005
Yuniu Li, Chunyan Ma, Y. Murakami, Zhiqing Zhou, Yingdong Yang, Yingfu Li
ABSTRACT:In this article, we introduce the excavation of an iron smelting site at Xuxiebian 许鞋匾, Pujiang 蒲江 County, Sichuan 四川 Province in the PRC. Two excavations were carried out in 2007 and 2011, and a total of four bowl-shaped furnaces, five pits, two trenches, and one posthole were excavated. The site is dated from the mid-late Eastern Han dynasty to the Jin dynasty (ca. AD 150–420) according to the local pottery assemblage. It is possible that the sole functions of the Xuxiebian site were the production of pig iron ingots and the conversion of pig iron to wrought iron. The iron ingots were likely transported to areas with stronger administrative control by the central government near the ancient city of Chengdu or even to the Central Plains, where they were then cast into different objects.
摘要:本文介绍了中国四川省蒲江县徐协边一处炼铁遗址的发掘情况。2007年和2011年进行了两次挖掘,共挖掘出4个碗形炉、5个坑、2个沟和1个坑穴。根据当地的陶器组合,该遗址的年代从东汉中后期到金朝(约公元150-420年)。徐溪边遗址的唯一功能可能是生产生铁锭和将生铁转化为熟铁。这些铁锭很可能被中央政府运送到成都附近的行政控制更强的地区,甚至是中原地区,在那里它们被铸造成不同的物体。
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引用次数: 7
Kudō Takeki, Director of Keijō Women's Hospital, and His Medical Service for Women and Buddhist Activities in Colonial Korea Keijō妇女医院院长Kudō; Takeki及其为殖民地朝鲜妇女和佛教活动提供的医疗服务
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2019.19.1.004
Jaemok Choi, Jeonggon Kim, Tze-ki Hon, Wai-ming Ng, Ying-kit Chan, Yuniu Li, Chunyan Ma, Yasuyuki Murakami, Zhiqing Zhou, Yingdong Yang, Yingfu Li
ABSTRACT:This paper examines the relationship between women's medical care and Buddhism through the activities of Kudō Takeki 工藤武城 (1878–?), director of Keijō Women's Hospital during the Japanese occupation of Korea, and how Kudō's projects functioned under Japanese "cultural rule" (Bunka seiji 文化政治) in colonial Korea. Kudō Takeki specialized in gynecology at the University of Würzburg, Germany. Along with some other influential figures in Korea, he sought to cure even spiritual problems of his patients through Buddhist propagation and literary activities. Through his activities, Kudō Takeki helped promote such initiatives on the part of the colonial rulers in their management of colonial Korea. His activities involved forging connections between medical service and Buddhism and between Buddhism and women. After the March First Movement of 1919, Governor-General Saitō turned his attention to women, who had become more receptive to Buddhism in Korea after centuries of domination under Confucianism in Chosŏn, as well as to medical science and service, the "benefits of civilization." In this respect, the "cultural rule" of the colonial state tried to exercise governance by reconciling medicine, Buddhism, and women into a regime that could effectively further its agenda. In this invisible framework, Kudō took it as his calling to improve the social status of Korean women and give them relief through his medical knowledge and practice.
摘要:本文通过竹木久德的活动,探讨女性医疗与佛教的关系工藤武城 (1878年-?),日本占领朝鲜期间京女医院院长,以及Kudō的项目在日本“文化统治”下是如何运作的(Bunka seiji文化政治) 在殖民地朝鲜。KudōTakeki在德国维尔茨堡大学专门研究妇科。他和韩国其他一些有影响力的人物一起,通过佛教宣传和文学活动,甚至试图治愈病人的精神问题。通过他的活动,KudōTakeki帮助促进了殖民统治者在管理殖民地朝鲜时的这些举措。他的活动包括在医疗服务和佛教以及佛教和妇女之间建立联系。1919年“三一运动”后,总督Saitō将注意力转向了女性,在朝鲜儒家思想统治了几个世纪后,女性更容易接受佛教,也更容易接受医学和服务,即“文明的好处”,佛教和妇女成为一个可以有效推进其议程的政权。在这个看不见的框架里,Kudō将通过他的医学知识和实践来提高韩国女性的社会地位并给予她们救济作为他的使命。
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引用次数: 0
The Assimilation of the Yijing in Tibetan History and Culture 《义经》在西藏历史文化中的吸收
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2019.19.1.002
Wai-ming Ng
ABSTRACT:Tibet has had a long history of cultural interaction with China and some Chinese elements were incorporated into the Tibetan cultural system. The Yijing 易經 (Classic of Changes) and its related theories (such as yinyang wuxing 陰陽五行, the two primal forces and five agents), practices (such as divination), and symbols (such as the eight trigrams and taiji 太極) can be found in different walks of cultural and religious life in Tibet. This is the first academic study of the Yijing in Tibetan history. Based primarily on Chinese and Tibetan primary sources, this study will provide an historical overview of the impact of the Yijing in Tibet and discuss the role of the Yijing and its related ideas and symbols in the making of Tibetan culture. Assimilating Chinese knowledge into non-Sinitic tribal cultures is a complex process of cross-cultural encounter. This article reveals that the historical reception of the Yijing in Tibet was a process of assimilating Chinese knowledge into Tibetan culture and religion. It will break new ground in the comparative study of the Yijing in Asia and in China-Tibet studies.
摘要:西藏与中国有着悠久的文化互动历史,一些中国元素融入了西藏的文化体系。《易经》易經 《周易》及其相关理论陰陽五行, 两种原始力量和五种代理人)、实践(如占卜)和符号(如八卦和太极太極) 可以在西藏不同的文化和宗教生活中找到。这是西藏历史上第一次对《易经》进行学术研究。本研究主要从汉藏两种原始资料入手,对《易经》在西藏的影响进行历史概述,并探讨《易经及其相关思想和符号》在西藏文化形成中的作用。将中国知识融入非中国部落文化是一个复杂的跨文化相遇过程。本文揭示了《义经》在西藏的历史接受是一个将中国知识融入西藏文化和宗教的过程。它将为亚洲《易经》和中国西藏研究的比较研究开辟新的天地。
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引用次数: 2
The Root of All Things: Liang Jushi and Practical Enterprise in Late Qing China 万物之根:清末梁居士与实干事业
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2019.19.1.003
Ying-kit Chan
ABSTRACT:At the turn of the twentieth century in China, a cohort of moderate literati, while marginal to the mainstream politics of reform and revolution, worked to save the Chinese nation from collapse by developing education and industrial enterprises. This article investigates the ideas of Liang Jushi 梁居實 (1843–1911), one of these literati, whose views on the nation and its economy stemmed from the more parochial concern that his native Guangdong Province might be colonized or partitioned by foreign powers. Liang Jushi was inspired not only by the West, Japan, and vanquished nations such as Poland, but also by the Western colonies in Southeast Asia, where several friends had become extremely successful entrepreneurs. By regarding these Chinese-populated colonies more as a source of inspiration than a symbol of subjugation, Liang Jushi also articulated a more nuanced understanding of foreign imperialism.
摘要:在二十世纪之交的中国,一批温和派文人,虽然在改革和革命的主流政治中处于边缘地位,但却通过发展教育和工业企业来拯救中华民族免于崩溃。本文考察梁居士的思想梁居實 (1843–1911),其中一位文人,他对国家及其经济的看法源于更狭隘的担忧,即他的家乡广东省可能会被外国列强殖民或瓜分。梁居士不仅受到西方、日本和波兰等战败国的启发,也受到西方在东南亚的殖民地的启发,那里的几个朋友都成为了非常成功的企业家。梁把这些中国人聚居的殖民地更多地看作是灵感的源泉,而不是征服的象征,他也表达了对外国帝国主义更微妙的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Coping with Contingency and Uncertainty: The Yijing Hexagrams on Decay and Discordance 应对偶然与不确定性:易经衰退与不和谐六方
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2019.19.1.001
Tze-ki Hon
ABSTRACT:As a manual for divination, the Yijing is filled with stern warnings about calamity, regret, and remorse, as if the world is falling apart. These warnings not only underscore the contingency and unpredictability of the universe, but also direct attention to the dark side of human existence and things such as disease, deformation, degeneration, and death. Over the centuries, many commentators have attempted to make sense of these warnings. In this article, I will compare three commentators' interpretations of four hexagrams: Gu 蠱 [inline-graphic 01] (Decay, #18), Daguo 大過 [inline-graphic 02] (Crossing of the Great, #28), Kui 睽 [inline-graphic 03] (Discordance, #38) and Jian 蹇 [inline-graphic 04] (Crippled, #39). Through the comparison, I demonstrate how the Yijing can be used to address the human fear of uncertainty and chance.
摘要:《易经》作为一本占卜书,充满了对灾难、悔恨和悔恨的严厉警告,仿佛世界正在分崩离析。这些警告不仅强调了宇宙的偶然性和不可预测性,还直接关注了人类存在的黑暗面,以及疾病、变形、退化和死亡等问题。几个世纪以来,许多评论家试图理解这些警告。在这篇文章中,我将比较三位评论者对四卦的解释:顾蠱 [内联图01](Decay,#18),大国大過 【inline graphic 02】(《大渡河》,28号),葵睽 [内联图03](Discordance,#38)和Jian蹇 [内联图04](Crippled,#39)。通过比较,我展示了《易经》是如何用来解决人类对不确定性和偶然性的恐惧的。
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引用次数: 1
Memory and Reproduction: A Study of 1980s Chinese Ethnic Korean Revolutionary Narratives Focusing on Yun Il-san’s The Roaring Mudan River 记忆与再现:1980年代中国朝鲜族革命叙事研究——以尹一山的《怒吼的牡丹江》为中心
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.21866/esjeas.2018.18.2.003
Haiying LI, Mingjie REN
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引用次数: 0
Kyōdaisei Onokun no senryōki gokuchū nikki (University of Kyōto student Ono’s occupation-era prison diary) Kyōdaisei Onokun no senryōki gokuchhiki (Kyōto大学学生小野占领时期监狱日记)
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.21866/esjeas.2018.18.2.007
MARK E. CAPRIO
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引用次数: 0
Naming the Local: Medicine, Language, and Identity in Korea since the Fifteenth Century by Soyoung Suh (review) 《命名地方:15世纪以来韩国的医学、语言和身份》徐素英著(书评)
IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 ASIAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.21866/ESJEAS.2018.18.1.008
J. Flowers
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies
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