Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10030001
N. Lamal, Jan Machielsen
This introductory article employs the Scottish Jesuit John Hay as a starting point for a wider exploration of the relationship between Jesuits and print, the theme of this special issue. Hay demonstrates how important print could be to a Jesuit’s self-worth and identity. In this, as contemporary catalogs of Jesuit publications attest, he was not alone, but he was a controversial outlier. Hay’s superiors prevented him from continuing a vociferous polemical exchange and appeared to guide him towards a more suitable subject: translations of missionary reports. Hay’s career in print points to the importance of geography and context in shaping Jesuit publications, and to the conflicts between individual authorial projects and institutional restraints. His example shows above all that the commonplace equation of Jesuits with print requires urgent historical investigation. The essays presented here seek to remedy this oversight by paying attention to Jesuits as authors, printers, and readers.
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Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10030004
Hitomi Omata Rappo
The iconography of the martyrs of Japan is often linked to that of the Twenty-Six Martyrs of Nagasaki. This group of mostly Franciscans was crucified in 1597 and beatified in 1627, and also included three Jesuits. The Society of Jesus, however, did not emphasize these martyrs in their engravings and representations of the victims of their Japanese mission especially before their beatification. The close study of two major works, Nicolas Trigault’s History of the Martyrs of Japan (Latin, 1623; French, 1624) and the famous Imago primi saeculi (1640), reveals how text and image combine to generate a different discourse of martyrdom that centered on sacrificial fire rather than death on the cross. Although the first three beatified martyrs were never forgotten, the Imago in particular foregrounds another Jesuit martyr, Carlo Spinola, whose prominent family had played an important role in that work’s creation.
日本殉道者的肖像通常与长崎二十六殉道者的肖像联系在一起。这群人大多是方济各会教徒，1597年被钉在十字架上，1627年被册封，其中还包括三名耶稣会士。然而，耶稣会并没有在他们的雕刻和日本传教的受害者的代表中强调这些殉道者，特别是在他们被宣福礼之前。对尼古拉斯·特里高的《日本殉道者史》(拉丁文，1623年)这两部主要著作的仔细研究;法国(1624)和著名的Imago primi saeculi(1640)，揭示了文本和图像如何结合在一起，产生了一种不同的殉道话语，这种话语以献祭的火焰为中心，而不是死在十字架上。虽然前三位被宣福的殉道者从未被遗忘，但《圣像》尤其突出了另一位耶稣会殉道者卡罗·斯皮诺拉，他显赫的家庭在该作品的创作中发挥了重要作用。
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Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10030008-07
J. McCafferty
{"title":"Mary Ann Lyons & Brian MacCuarta, S.J., The Jesuit Mission in Early Modern Ireland","authors":"J. McCafferty","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10030008-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10030008-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64587979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10030008-02
Y. Haskell
{"title":"Akihiko Watanabe, Japan on the Jesuit Stage: Two 17th-Century Latin Plays with Translation and Commentary","authors":"Y. Haskell","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10030008-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10030008-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10030007
César Manrique Figueroa
This article examines several libraries assembled by the Society of Jesus in their college and missions in Northern Mexico (in the present-day Mexican State of Chihuahua), where Jesuits have been a constant presence from the seventeenth century, interrupted only temporarily by the Society’s suppression. All their bibliographic collections were transferred, dispersed, or looted after the general expulsion of 1767. Archival materials preserved in repositories such as the Archivo General de la Nación in Mexico City, however, enable a reconstruction of these libraries. This essay argues that these collections constituted a sort of “cultural oasis” (Michael Mathes). They provided arsenals of knowledge for missionaries in distant places with harsh living conditions and show the strong and lasting bond between Jesuits and print culture even in the most remote and adverse of conditions.
{"title":"Arsenals of Knowledge: Reconstructing the Contents and Purpose of the Lost Jesuit Libraries of Northern Mexico","authors":"César Manrique Figueroa","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10030007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10030007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines several libraries assembled by the Society of Jesus in their college and missions in Northern Mexico (in the present-day Mexican State of Chihuahua), where Jesuits have been a constant presence from the seventeenth century, interrupted only temporarily by the Society’s suppression. All their bibliographic collections were transferred, dispersed, or looted after the general expulsion of 1767. Archival materials preserved in repositories such as the Archivo General de la Nación in Mexico City, however, enable a reconstruction of these libraries. This essay argues that these collections constituted a sort of “cultural oasis” (Michael Mathes). They provided arsenals of knowledge for missionaries in distant places with harsh living conditions and show the strong and lasting bond between Jesuits and print culture even in the most remote and adverse of conditions.","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41277439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10020009-01
{"title":"Ulrich L. Lehner, ed., Innovation in Early Modern Catholicism","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10020009-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10020009-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45716923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10020005
R. Jackson
The modern adage known as Murphy’s Law states that what can go wrong will go wrong, and could be applied to a series of unfortunate events that befell the Jesuit administered missions among the Guaraní in the years 1733 to 1740. Weather anomalies resulted in poor crops and food shortages, and at the same time, royal officials mobilized thousands of Guaraní mission militiamen. Many Guaraní fled the missions in search of food, but the military mobilization and the flight of many from the missions also spread contagion. During the crisis period more than ninety thousand Guaraní died. The Jesuits prepared narrative reports known as cartas anuas that provide details regarding the crises and particularly the food shortages not found in other sources, as well as a sense of how the Jesuits responded to the crises. Details in the cartas anuas also reveal details of the inner workings of the missions.
{"title":"Murphy’s Law at Work: Climate Anomalies, Famine, and Mortality Crises on the Jesuit Missions among the Guaraní, 1733–40","authors":"R. Jackson","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10020005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10020005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The modern adage known as Murphy’s Law states that what can go wrong will go wrong, and could be applied to a series of unfortunate events that befell the Jesuit administered missions among the Guaraní in the years 1733 to 1740. Weather anomalies resulted in poor crops and food shortages, and at the same time, royal officials mobilized thousands of Guaraní mission militiamen. Many Guaraní fled the missions in search of food, but the military mobilization and the flight of many from the missions also spread contagion. During the crisis period more than ninety thousand Guaraní died. The Jesuits prepared narrative reports known as cartas anuas that provide details regarding the crises and particularly the food shortages not found in other sources, as well as a sense of how the Jesuits responded to the crises. Details in the cartas anuas also reveal details of the inner workings of the missions.","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47707213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10020009-09
R. Klieber
{"title":"Klaus Schatz, Geschichte der Österreichischen Provinz der Gesellschaft Jesu (1938–1983)","authors":"R. Klieber","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10020009-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10020009-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1163/22141332-10020009-06
{"title":"James M. O’Toole, Ever to Excel: A History of Boston College","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22141332-10020009-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10020009-06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41607,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Jesuit Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44966676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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