The main goal of any digital government initiative is to create public value [34]. Although this sentence represents a powerful idea, there is no clear evidence about the causality route from technology to the creation of public value for citizens and businesses in a region. Local governments are more tangible examples of how digital government initiatives may transit from new ICT projects to benefits for citizens, governments and society. In theory, citizens may benefit by receiving more efficient and quality public services in a context of participation and transparency. Governments benefit by improving their strategic, regulatory and financial position to accomplish their mission. Society in general benefits from digital government initiatives by improving the quality of life in the region. However, understanding the causality routes from implementing digital government to improving public service delivery, and from these to the final creation of public value is complex and multifaceted. This article examines empirically these complex causality routes of digital government by adapting an integrative version of the public value framework and tests it by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques on a dataset of municipalities in Mexico. The results indicate that the framework was useful to capture the transition from digital government advance to the improvements of public services in terms of efficiency and quality in the context of participation and transparency. It was also suitable to represent the transition from the improvements of public services and the enhancement of participation and transparency to the creation of public value in government, but more investigation is required for uncover the causality route of the creation of public value in society. Several conclusions are drawn for local digital government implementation.
{"title":"From Technology to Social Development: Applying a Public Value Perspective to Digital Government in Local Governments in Mexico","authors":"G. Puron-Cid","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085272","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of any digital government initiative is to create public value [34]. Although this sentence represents a powerful idea, there is no clear evidence about the causality route from technology to the creation of public value for citizens and businesses in a region. Local governments are more tangible examples of how digital government initiatives may transit from new ICT projects to benefits for citizens, governments and society. In theory, citizens may benefit by receiving more efficient and quality public services in a context of participation and transparency. Governments benefit by improving their strategic, regulatory and financial position to accomplish their mission. Society in general benefits from digital government initiatives by improving the quality of life in the region. However, understanding the causality routes from implementing digital government to improving public service delivery, and from these to the final creation of public value is complex and multifaceted. This article examines empirically these complex causality routes of digital government by adapting an integrative version of the public value framework and tests it by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques on a dataset of municipalities in Mexico. The results indicate that the framework was useful to capture the transition from digital government advance to the improvements of public services in terms of efficiency and quality in the context of participation and transparency. It was also suitable to represent the transition from the improvements of public services and the enhancement of participation and transparency to the creation of public value in government, but more investigation is required for uncover the causality route of the creation of public value in society. Several conclusions are drawn for local digital government implementation.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123786119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social media platform allow users to exercise their communication strategies for knowledge creation, sharing and dissemination, which can be use by government agencies as an opportunity to better serve their citizens. In this study, we examine the users' perspective of the Social Media User Behavior Model allowing investigating the social media-based knowledge creation, framing and targeting behaviors by different user types. 123 subjects responded to our Social Media Questionnaire, allowing us to measure perspectives of their social media usage (Preferences, Intensity and Functionality) as well as perspectives of their knowledge behaviors (creation, framing and targeting). The findings imply that users' perspectives support the Social Media User Behavior Model by supporting H1 and H3, connecting the knowledge behaviors targeting and creating to users' characteristics, especially social media Intensity and Functionality. The results means that decision makers can improve communication with the public by identifying social media intensive users and users that use social media for many (versus few) functions, and facilitate different information strategies management for different users types.
{"title":"Evaluation on Social Media User's Knowledge Behavior Model","authors":"Daphna Shwartz-Asher, Soon Ae Chun, N. Adam","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085256","url":null,"abstract":"Social media platform allow users to exercise their communication strategies for knowledge creation, sharing and dissemination, which can be use by government agencies as an opportunity to better serve their citizens. In this study, we examine the users' perspective of the Social Media User Behavior Model allowing investigating the social media-based knowledge creation, framing and targeting behaviors by different user types. 123 subjects responded to our Social Media Questionnaire, allowing us to measure perspectives of their social media usage (Preferences, Intensity and Functionality) as well as perspectives of their knowledge behaviors (creation, framing and targeting). The findings imply that users' perspectives support the Social Media User Behavior Model by supporting H1 and H3, connecting the knowledge behaviors targeting and creating to users' characteristics, especially social media Intensity and Functionality. The results means that decision makers can improve communication with the public by identifying social media intensive users and users that use social media for many (versus few) functions, and facilitate different information strategies management for different users types.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129668429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Beyond Bureaucracy","authors":"Cyril Velikano","doi":"10.1145/3247604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114793467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Open Government Data Policies and Politics","authors":"Boyi Li, K. Park","doi":"10.1145/3247602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114937318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felippe Cronemberger, D. Sayogo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia
Boundary Objects (BO) have been avidly discussed in research, particularly in some fields such as organization theory. Nonetheless, insufficient attention has been given to its relevance to information sharing and integration in inter-organizational systems in the public sector. We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to scrutinize data from a National Survey conducted in the United States in 2008 and look for evidence of the mediating role of boundary objects in contexts of complex organizational interactions. This preliminary study reveals insights about the relativistic nature BOs as mediating structures and draws conclusions about its actual weight with respect to successful collaboration in inter-organizational information exchanges across public organizations. We conclude with a research agenda for the future.
{"title":"Examining Boundary Objects in Inter-Organizational Information Sharing (IIS) Success","authors":"Felippe Cronemberger, D. Sayogo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085238","url":null,"abstract":"Boundary Objects (BO) have been avidly discussed in research, particularly in some fields such as organization theory. Nonetheless, insufficient attention has been given to its relevance to information sharing and integration in inter-organizational systems in the public sector. We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to scrutinize data from a National Survey conducted in the United States in 2008 and look for evidence of the mediating role of boundary objects in contexts of complex organizational interactions. This preliminary study reveals insights about the relativistic nature BOs as mediating structures and draws conclusions about its actual weight with respect to successful collaboration in inter-organizational information exchanges across public organizations. We conclude with a research agenda for the future.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123364499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This panel1 is dedicated to the theme of 'data collaboratives', a novel form of public private partnership to leverage data for addressing societal challenges. The panel brings together prolific researchers and practitioners to share lessons and discuss how value is created from data collaboratives for the solving of public problems. The panel will highlight prominent examples of data collaboratives at international, national, and regional/city-levels and discuss the value creation mechanisms underlying them, as well as more broadly best practices and challenges associated with data collaboratives. The panel offers an opportunity for conference attendees to engage with this emerging new theme through interactive discussions and presentations of cutting-edge research and practice.
{"title":"Data Collaboratives: How to Create Value from Data for Public Problem Solving?: Panel","authors":"Iryna Susha, M. Janssen, S. Verhulst, T. Pardo","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085309","url":null,"abstract":"This panel1 is dedicated to the theme of 'data collaboratives', a novel form of public private partnership to leverage data for addressing societal challenges. The panel brings together prolific researchers and practitioners to share lessons and discuss how value is created from data collaboratives for the solving of public problems. The panel will highlight prominent examples of data collaboratives at international, national, and regional/city-levels and discuss the value creation mechanisms underlying them, as well as more broadly best practices and challenges associated with data collaboratives. The panel offers an opportunity for conference attendees to engage with this emerging new theme through interactive discussions and presentations of cutting-edge research and practice.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124889776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many researchers of open government data raised the question as to whether transparency also promotes accountability. Concerning the unclear relationship between transparency and accountability, this case study first develops the conception of accountability in the context of open government and finds that accountability relates to the organizational need for an assessment of policy goals. This paper then examines the process in which a state health agency implements data visualization tools in an attempt to enhance the outcome of its open data policy goals. Drawing on the results from semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of internal users at the state agency, this case study provides some evidence as to how the gap between transparency and accountability can be closed at the organizational level. It also finds that data intermediaries can help government agencies overcome their resource constraints by critically assessing data usability while providing the technological expertise to align their open data policy goals with user expectations. Future research is necessary to examine the role of data intermediaries in wider open data ecosystems including multiple external stakeholders.
{"title":"Understanding Transparency and Accountability in Open Government Ecosystems: The Case of Health Data Visualizations in a State Government","authors":"Sora Park, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085318","url":null,"abstract":"Many researchers of open government data raised the question as to whether transparency also promotes accountability. Concerning the unclear relationship between transparency and accountability, this case study first develops the conception of accountability in the context of open government and finds that accountability relates to the organizational need for an assessment of policy goals. This paper then examines the process in which a state health agency implements data visualization tools in an attempt to enhance the outcome of its open data policy goals. Drawing on the results from semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of internal users at the state agency, this case study provides some evidence as to how the gap between transparency and accountability can be closed at the organizational level. It also finds that data intermediaries can help government agencies overcome their resource constraints by critically assessing data usability while providing the technological expertise to align their open data policy goals with user expectations. Future research is necessary to examine the role of data intermediaries in wider open data ecosystems including multiple external stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130210475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Organizational Factors","authors":"Jing Zhang, Yu-Che Chen, Lei Zheng","doi":"10.1145/3247597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3247597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130211975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Civic engagement in public decision-making requires that people form opinions or judgments based on the insights and knowledge around a public issue. Such knowledge is often not easily accessible by citizens because information about a policy issue tends to be scattered and buried in large and complex sources of potentially diluted and messy data. This creates information barriers that prevent ordinary citizens from effectively participating in government issues. We present an approach to addressing this problem that involves crystallizing the bits and pieces of knowledge scattered in the data into a form of knowledge that is well-framed, compact, and trustworthy to the citizens. This approach is articulated as a knowledge crystallization framework that specify the goals and processes of crystallizing policy knowledge. Following this framework, we present a concrete process, community issue review (CIR), that can be practiced as public decision analysis tools in a variety of community contexts. We implemented and used CIR in evaluating a real community proposal and observed the positive impact on the level of engagement. In the same time, we received feedback on how the CIR process and the supporting technology can be improved or be made more flexible to support best practices.
{"title":"Community Issue Review: Crystallizing Knowledge for Encouraging Civic Engagement","authors":"Feng Sun, Guoray Cai","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085293","url":null,"abstract":"Civic engagement in public decision-making requires that people form opinions or judgments based on the insights and knowledge around a public issue. Such knowledge is often not easily accessible by citizens because information about a policy issue tends to be scattered and buried in large and complex sources of potentially diluted and messy data. This creates information barriers that prevent ordinary citizens from effectively participating in government issues. We present an approach to addressing this problem that involves crystallizing the bits and pieces of knowledge scattered in the data into a form of knowledge that is well-framed, compact, and trustworthy to the citizens. This approach is articulated as a knowledge crystallization framework that specify the goals and processes of crystallizing policy knowledge. Following this framework, we present a concrete process, community issue review (CIR), that can be practiced as public decision analysis tools in a variety of community contexts. We implemented and used CIR in evaluating a real community proposal and observed the positive impact on the level of engagement. In the same time, we received feedback on how the CIR process and the supporting technology can be improved or be made more flexible to support best practices.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122238180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1 The paper presents the main results of an expert survey aimed at determination the factors impacting e-participation development in Russia. The authors conducted an expert poll and systematized experts' assessments and proposals regarding the list of influencing factors and their strength. The list of the most influential factors and accompanying recommendations will help policy makers in their efforts to strengthen e-participation. Russian Federation has been selected as a typical case of a developing country attempting to follow international trends in e-participation development while facing considerable barriers and institutional traps. That is why the obtained results may be of interest to other Eurasian Union countries.
{"title":"E-Participation Development Factors: the Results of an Expert Survey","authors":"L. Bershadskaya, D. Trutnev, Evgenii Vidiasov","doi":"10.1145/3085228.3085262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085262","url":null,"abstract":"1 The paper presents the main results of an expert survey aimed at determination the factors impacting e-participation development in Russia. The authors conducted an expert poll and systematized experts' assessments and proposals regarding the list of influencing factors and their strength. The list of the most influential factors and accompanying recommendations will help policy makers in their efforts to strengthen e-participation. Russian Federation has been selected as a typical case of a developing country attempting to follow international trends in e-participation development while facing considerable barriers and institutional traps. That is why the obtained results may be of interest to other Eurasian Union countries.","PeriodicalId":416111,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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