Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1841562
J. Gil-Cabrera, José Francisco Tornero Aguilera, M. A. Sanchez-Tena, C. Alvarez-Peregrina, Carolina Valbuena-Iglesias, V. Clemente-Suárez
ABSTRACT Objective The lack of information on active military pilots has led to the present study, which aimed to analyze the sense of aviation-associated spatial disorientation and the incidence of visual illusions of fighter and transport military pilots through a post-flight survey. Background: The advance of aeronautics has led to further aircraft developments, increasing heights and speeds which increase the psychophysiological demands, thus leading to greater incidence of spatial disorientation and visual illusions. Methods 60 male pilots with large professional experience (1012 h ± 250 accumulated flying hours) between 7 and 18 years in their respective units and experience in international missions in the current conflict areas as Lebanon, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Iraq, were subjected to a post-flight visual experience questionnaire. Results Our findings suggest that transport pilots tend to present significant higher disorientation situations than fighter pilots, while fighter pilots presented greater sense of aviation-associated spatial disorientation but experimented more visual illusions. Conclusion These differences are related with the demands of the different aircrafts used by each pilot, thus specific, individualized and larger simulated training sessions in simulated environments are suggested. Further research should focus on the analysis of peripheral and central fatigue as constructs that may help to the appearance of greater spatial disorientation and visual illusions.
{"title":"Aviation-Associated Spatial Disorientation and Incidence of Visual Illusions Survey in Military Pilots","authors":"J. Gil-Cabrera, José Francisco Tornero Aguilera, M. A. Sanchez-Tena, C. Alvarez-Peregrina, Carolina Valbuena-Iglesias, V. Clemente-Suárez","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1841562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1841562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The lack of information on active military pilots has led to the present study, which aimed to analyze the sense of aviation-associated spatial disorientation and the incidence of visual illusions of fighter and transport military pilots through a post-flight survey. Background: The advance of aeronautics has led to further aircraft developments, increasing heights and speeds which increase the psychophysiological demands, thus leading to greater incidence of spatial disorientation and visual illusions. Methods 60 male pilots with large professional experience (1012 h ± 250 accumulated flying hours) between 7 and 18 years in their respective units and experience in international missions in the current conflict areas as Lebanon, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Iraq, were subjected to a post-flight visual experience questionnaire. Results Our findings suggest that transport pilots tend to present significant higher disorientation situations than fighter pilots, while fighter pilots presented greater sense of aviation-associated spatial disorientation but experimented more visual illusions. Conclusion These differences are related with the demands of the different aircrafts used by each pilot, thus specific, individualized and larger simulated training sessions in simulated environments are suggested. Further research should focus on the analysis of peripheral and central fatigue as constructs that may help to the appearance of greater spatial disorientation and visual illusions.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"31 1","pages":"17 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1841562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46861410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1842208
M. Taber
ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was designed to explore pilots’ emergency response performance by collecting real-time physiological and cognitive workload data during pre-defined offshore helicopter scenarios in a flight simulator. Background: Qualification processes require helicopter pilots to complete scheduled simulation training to ensure competency in areas that would otherwise be too dangerous to practice while flying the actual helicopter. Unfortunately, little is known about how effective this simulation training is in regard to cognitive and physiological responses. Methods: Ten qualified pilots completed six flight simulations while real-time eye tracking and physiological data were collected. The pilots were assigned to one of two groups based on their regular flying position (First Officer (FO) or Captain). Results: The findings indicated that there is a significant difference in maximal Index of Cognitive Activity (ICAmax) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) values between the two groups while completing the same in-flight emergency scenarios. Conclusions: Results suggest that FOs found the sessions more cognitively demanding and also indicated they would benefit from learning how Captains conduct their radial scan of instruments. Therefore, it is recommended that visual search patterns are included in initial training, all flight simulator training includes eye tracking, heart rate data are collected, and that future longitudinal research follows new pilots through their training/upgrading process.
{"title":"Investigating Offshore Helicopter Pilots’ Cognitive Load and Physiological Responses during Simulated In-Flight Emergencies","authors":"M. Taber","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1842208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1842208","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was designed to explore pilots’ emergency response performance by collecting real-time physiological and cognitive workload data during pre-defined offshore helicopter scenarios in a flight simulator. Background: Qualification processes require helicopter pilots to complete scheduled simulation training to ensure competency in areas that would otherwise be too dangerous to practice while flying the actual helicopter. Unfortunately, little is known about how effective this simulation training is in regard to cognitive and physiological responses. Methods: Ten qualified pilots completed six flight simulations while real-time eye tracking and physiological data were collected. The pilots were assigned to one of two groups based on their regular flying position (First Officer (FO) or Captain). Results: The findings indicated that there is a significant difference in maximal Index of Cognitive Activity (ICAmax) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) values between the two groups while completing the same in-flight emergency scenarios. Conclusions: Results suggest that FOs found the sessions more cognitively demanding and also indicated they would benefit from learning how Captains conduct their radial scan of instruments. Therefore, it is recommended that visual search patterns are included in initial training, all flight simulator training includes eye tracking, heart rate data are collected, and that future longitudinal research follows new pilots through their training/upgrading process.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"31 1","pages":"56 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1842208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45364700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1816469
H. Oktal, Atilla Onrat
ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, a new selection method for airline pilot candidates is developed. Background: In a large majority of previous studies, parametric statistical classification methods have been commonly used for the pilot candidate selection process. These kind of methods require a representative sample with sufficient numbers of good and poor candidates to minimize the standard error associated with the regression weights and to ensure prediction accuracy. In this study, a new pilot candidate selection method has been developed, which can also be used in cases where there are not enough candidates or there is not a significant relationship between predictors. Method: The model was developed by using an analytic hierarchy process technique. A survey was conducted with airline pilots working at Turkish air carriers to determine the weights of the selection criteria considered in the model. The minimum success score of each criterion was obtained from the survey results. The analyzes are carried out using the Super Decisions program. Results: We found that the most important factor among the pilot candidate selection criteria is psychomotor coordination and operational abilities with a coefficient of 0.37306. Conclusion: The survey results revealed the importance of flight abilities and personality traits for pilots and it also found that lack of motivation is the most important problem among new airline pilots.
{"title":"Analytic Hierarchy Process–Based Selection Method for Airline Pilot Candidates","authors":"H. Oktal, Atilla Onrat","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1816469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1816469","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, a new selection method for airline pilot candidates is developed. Background: In a large majority of previous studies, parametric statistical classification methods have been commonly used for the pilot candidate selection process. These kind of methods require a representative sample with sufficient numbers of good and poor candidates to minimize the standard error associated with the regression weights and to ensure prediction accuracy. In this study, a new pilot candidate selection method has been developed, which can also be used in cases where there are not enough candidates or there is not a significant relationship between predictors. Method: The model was developed by using an analytic hierarchy process technique. A survey was conducted with airline pilots working at Turkish air carriers to determine the weights of the selection criteria considered in the model. The minimum success score of each criterion was obtained from the survey results. The analyzes are carried out using the Super Decisions program. Results: We found that the most important factor among the pilot candidate selection criteria is psychomotor coordination and operational abilities with a coefficient of 0.37306. Conclusion: The survey results revealed the importance of flight abilities and personality traits for pilots and it also found that lack of motivation is the most important problem among new airline pilots.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"268 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1816469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47414786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1813034
T. Carretta, Sophie Romay, Amanda Mouton, Andrew Deregla, Angela Clark, Laura G. Barron
ABSTRACT Objective Recent US Air Force occupational surveys indicated that while job satisfaction is high for Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Sensor Operators (SO), a high percentage do want to reenlist. The objective was to assess factors that affect their job satisfaction and retention. The results will help guide development of Realistic Job Preview (RJP) videos for new recruits considering an RPA SO career. Background Despite burgeoning demand and insufficient manning for RPAs to conduct intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance activities, research on the factors that contribute to operator job satisfaction and retention has been limited. Method One hundred ten RPA SOs were surveyed to assess factors thought to affect person-job fit. Thematic content analysis by independent raters was done to provide insight into factors that (1) may make the RPA career field a good or poor fit, (2) unique challenges and rewards of the career field, (3) misconceptions about the career field, and (4) job characteristics influencing retention decisions. Results A high level of agreement (mean Cohen’s kappa = 0.73) occurred across pairs of raters. The strongest content themes indicated having a direct effect on the battlefield was rewarding (65.1%), adjusting to shift work was challenging (64.7%), and the job entailed a high level of responsibility (56.3%). Conclusion Qualitative data may provide insight regarding factors affecting person-job fit and guide development of selection tools such as RJPs.
{"title":"Assessing Person-Job Fit for Careers as Remotely Piloted Aircraft Sensor Operators","authors":"T. Carretta, Sophie Romay, Amanda Mouton, Andrew Deregla, Angela Clark, Laura G. Barron","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1813034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1813034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Recent US Air Force occupational surveys indicated that while job satisfaction is high for Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Sensor Operators (SO), a high percentage do want to reenlist. The objective was to assess factors that affect their job satisfaction and retention. The results will help guide development of Realistic Job Preview (RJP) videos for new recruits considering an RPA SO career. Background Despite burgeoning demand and insufficient manning for RPAs to conduct intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance activities, research on the factors that contribute to operator job satisfaction and retention has been limited. Method One hundred ten RPA SOs were surveyed to assess factors thought to affect person-job fit. Thematic content analysis by independent raters was done to provide insight into factors that (1) may make the RPA career field a good or poor fit, (2) unique challenges and rewards of the career field, (3) misconceptions about the career field, and (4) job characteristics influencing retention decisions. Results A high level of agreement (mean Cohen’s kappa = 0.73) occurred across pairs of raters. The strongest content themes indicated having a direct effect on the battlefield was rewarding (65.1%), adjusting to shift work was challenging (64.7%), and the job entailed a high level of responsibility (56.3%). Conclusion Qualitative data may provide insight regarding factors affecting person-job fit and guide development of selection tools such as RJPs.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"254 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1813034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41492412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-16DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1808468
Fiona M. Donald, Megan Gould
ABSTRACT Objective To examine visual analysis as a construct and to determine its contribution to performance during the training of ab initio trainee air traffic controllers. Background Controllers are heavily reliant on visual information and visual analysis is an ability that could assist them in this role. If visual analysis is related to training results, the selection and training of people with good visual analysis abilities could reduce training expenses and time. Method Three visual analysis instruments were administered to 54 pre-selected trainees during their first training course, and scores were compared with their training course results. Twenty-five qualified controllers also completed the visual analysis instruments for comparison with trainees. Results The visual analysis instruments correlated with the course average and 13 of the 15 course subjects and predicted up to 23% of variance on course subjects. Trainees who passed all subjects at first attempt performed significantly better on two of the visual analysis instruments than those who failed at least one subject or withdrew from the course. Qualified controllers obtained better scores on two of the visual analysis instruments than trainees. Conclusion Selection procedures could benefit from assessing visual analysis abilities.
{"title":"Visual Analysis as a Predictor of Performance in Air Traffic Control Trainees","authors":"Fiona M. Donald, Megan Gould","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1808468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1808468","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective To examine visual analysis as a construct and to determine its contribution to performance during the training of ab initio trainee air traffic controllers. Background Controllers are heavily reliant on visual information and visual analysis is an ability that could assist them in this role. If visual analysis is related to training results, the selection and training of people with good visual analysis abilities could reduce training expenses and time. Method Three visual analysis instruments were administered to 54 pre-selected trainees during their first training course, and scores were compared with their training course results. Twenty-five qualified controllers also completed the visual analysis instruments for comparison with trainees. Results The visual analysis instruments correlated with the course average and 13 of the 15 course subjects and predicted up to 23% of variance on course subjects. Trainees who passed all subjects at first attempt performed significantly better on two of the visual analysis instruments than those who failed at least one subject or withdrew from the course. Qualified controllers obtained better scores on two of the visual analysis instruments than trainees. Conclusion Selection procedures could benefit from assessing visual analysis abilities.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"236 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1808468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42219562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-02DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1803746
O. Hamlet, A. Irwin, Molly McGregor
ABSTRACT Objective The research objective of the current study was to examine and compare the non-technical skills utilized by search and rescue and offshore transport helicopter pilots. Background Non-technical skills encompass the interpersonal and cognitive skills necessary for safe and efficient team performance in high-risk environments. There is a lack of research investigating non-technical skill use during helicopter flight or assessing differences in skills according to mission parameters. Method The current study comprised 28 semi-structured qualitative interviews based upon the critical incident technique (16 offshore transport pilots, 12 search and rescue pilots). Interviews were thematically coded to identify, and compare, non-technical skills. Results All key non-technical skills were reported across both pilot groups. Differences were identified at the element level of skills across the groups (e.g., while both groups reported utilizing situational awareness, elemental sub-components were based upon different attentional factors). A category for cognitive readiness was identified specific to search and rescue—this category encapsulated the elements necessary for a swift, effective response to emergencies. Conclusion The results indicate helicopter pilots’ non-technical skills vary according to mission parameters, suggesting specific flight goals require different nuances of non-technical skills for mission achievement. We suggest that non-technical skills training should be tailored to the mission focus of helicopter pilots in order to further error mitigation strategies, enrich training relevance, and enhance effectiveness.
{"title":"Is It All about the Mission? Comparing Non-technical Skills across Offshore Transport and Search and Rescue Helicopter Pilots","authors":"O. Hamlet, A. Irwin, Molly McGregor","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1803746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1803746","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The research objective of the current study was to examine and compare the non-technical skills utilized by search and rescue and offshore transport helicopter pilots. Background Non-technical skills encompass the interpersonal and cognitive skills necessary for safe and efficient team performance in high-risk environments. There is a lack of research investigating non-technical skill use during helicopter flight or assessing differences in skills according to mission parameters. Method The current study comprised 28 semi-structured qualitative interviews based upon the critical incident technique (16 offshore transport pilots, 12 search and rescue pilots). Interviews were thematically coded to identify, and compare, non-technical skills. Results All key non-technical skills were reported across both pilot groups. Differences were identified at the element level of skills across the groups (e.g., while both groups reported utilizing situational awareness, elemental sub-components were based upon different attentional factors). A category for cognitive readiness was identified specific to search and rescue—this category encapsulated the elements necessary for a swift, effective response to emergencies. Conclusion The results indicate helicopter pilots’ non-technical skills vary according to mission parameters, suggesting specific flight goals require different nuances of non-technical skills for mission achievement. We suggest that non-technical skills training should be tailored to the mission focus of helicopter pilots in order to further error mitigation strategies, enrich training relevance, and enhance effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"215 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1803746","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49332016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1796487
Christophe Lazure, L. Dumont, Sofia El Mouderrib, Jean-François Delisle, S. Sénécal, Pierre-Majorique Léger
ABSTRACT Objective We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles aimed at the evaluation of certified flight instructors’ (CFI) performance in a training context and a scoping review of potential research avenues given the previously identified gaps. Background As the demand for pilots will continue to grow significantly in the coming decades, so will the demand for CFIs, and for ways to improve their existing performance. Understanding performance factors of CFIs could benefit their training and help meet the increasing demand for pilots. Method State-of-the-art research on the subject was surveyed via a systematic review of performance factors of CFIs and a scoping review to identify areas where other fields of research could inform CFI performance evaluation. Result Only 20 articles since 1965 have directly assessed performance factors of CFIs. Their focus has mostly been on communication and educational processes. The scoping review brings forward concepts from cognitive psychology and psychophysiology as means of improving the current understanding of CFI situation awareness and task management. Conclusion Very little work has been done on CFI situation awareness and task management. These are the two main domains in which psychophysiological tools could provide a clear understanding of the attentional and decisional processes at play while developing situation awareness in a dynamic environment and quantify the task load affecting it.
{"title":"Certified Flight Instructors’ Performance – Review of the Literature and Exploration of Future Steps","authors":"Christophe Lazure, L. Dumont, Sofia El Mouderrib, Jean-François Delisle, S. Sénécal, Pierre-Majorique Léger","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1796487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1796487","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles aimed at the evaluation of certified flight instructors’ (CFI) performance in a training context and a scoping review of potential research avenues given the previously identified gaps. Background As the demand for pilots will continue to grow significantly in the coming decades, so will the demand for CFIs, and for ways to improve their existing performance. Understanding performance factors of CFIs could benefit their training and help meet the increasing demand for pilots. Method State-of-the-art research on the subject was surveyed via a systematic review of performance factors of CFIs and a scoping review to identify areas where other fields of research could inform CFI performance evaluation. Result Only 20 articles since 1965 have directly assessed performance factors of CFIs. Their focus has mostly been on communication and educational processes. The scoping review brings forward concepts from cognitive psychology and psychophysiology as means of improving the current understanding of CFI situation awareness and task management. Conclusion Very little work has been done on CFI situation awareness and task management. These are the two main domains in which psychophysiological tools could provide a clear understanding of the attentional and decisional processes at play while developing situation awareness in a dynamic environment and quantify the task load affecting it.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"152 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1796487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43510877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1801347
A. Chatzi, P. Bates, Wayne Martin
ABSTRACT Objective Is there any association detectable between communication and trust in the aviation maintenance sector? Background Effective communication can have a positive contribution to safety in the aviation maintenance industry. In concert with trust, communication can also influence the detection of failures during the practice of maintenance in a civil and military aviation environment. Method This study explores the association between three factors: communication satisfaction, interpersonal trust and trust toward aviation maintenance maintenance software. To this end, a survey was conducted to diverse set of aviation maintenance professionals. A quantitative analysis was performed on the data collected, to identify possible interrelations among the three factors examined. Results For managers and subordinates, results showed that a substantial proportion of their communication satisfaction was explained by their levels of interpersonal trust. Differences in the communication satisfaction and software trust, between military and civil employees were also observed. The results of civil employees exhibit higher mean scores than that of military for all three factors. Overall, communication satisfaction was found to have a stronger association with interpersonal than with software trust. The mean scores of communication satisfaction and interpersonal trust increased across various levels of experience, with the differences between less and more experienced employees being statistically significant. Conclusion This study identifies a positive association between communication and trust in aviation maintenance.
{"title":"Exploring the Association between Communication Satisfaction and Trust in the Aviation Maintenance Environment: An International Study","authors":"A. Chatzi, P. Bates, Wayne Martin","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1801347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1801347","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Is there any association detectable between communication and trust in the aviation maintenance sector? Background Effective communication can have a positive contribution to safety in the aviation maintenance industry. In concert with trust, communication can also influence the detection of failures during the practice of maintenance in a civil and military aviation environment. Method This study explores the association between three factors: communication satisfaction, interpersonal trust and trust toward aviation maintenance maintenance software. To this end, a survey was conducted to diverse set of aviation maintenance professionals. A quantitative analysis was performed on the data collected, to identify possible interrelations among the three factors examined. Results For managers and subordinates, results showed that a substantial proportion of their communication satisfaction was explained by their levels of interpersonal trust. Differences in the communication satisfaction and software trust, between military and civil employees were also observed. The results of civil employees exhibit higher mean scores than that of military for all three factors. Overall, communication satisfaction was found to have a stronger association with interpersonal than with software trust. The mean scores of communication satisfaction and interpersonal trust increased across various levels of experience, with the differences between less and more experienced employees being statistically significant. Conclusion This study identifies a positive association between communication and trust in aviation maintenance.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"190 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1801347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46242042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1796488
Dorota Węziak‐Białowolska, Piotr Białowolski, Irina Mordukhovich, E. McNeely
ABSTRACT Background The scale and scope of experience of sexual harassment at work among male and female flight attendants was examined. Flight attendants are a predominantly female workforce with an occupational heritage of female and male sexualized stereotypes. Method Data represented perception and prevalence of sexual harassment related to hostile work environment among 8,700 North American (U.S. and Canada) and 1,887 United Kingdom (UK) flight attendants in the Flight Attendant Health Study. Results Sexual harassment, mostly from passengers, pilots, and coworkers, was reported by 26% of North American flight attendants and 11% of UK flight attendants. Yet, 61% of UK flight attendants experienced unwanted sexual behaviors, pointing to possible underreporting of the sexual harassment problem. Sexually offensive behaviors received variable labeling as sexual harassment depending on gender of the victim and perpetrator profile. Conclusion Sexual harassment is a potentially underreported workplace problem for flight attendants with underreporting resulting from gender-specific differences in individual perceptions. Understanding these differences is vital to addressing sexual harassment and the concomitant health risks. Traditional client and customer attitudes might lead to rose-colored victims’ judgment, especially in the case of customer service jobs involving emotional labor. Our results provide new information to guide future research regarding well-being of this understudied group of service employees.
{"title":"Work, Gender, and Sexual Harassment on the Frontlines of Commercial Travel: A Cross-Sectional Study of Flight Crew Well-Being","authors":"Dorota Węziak‐Białowolska, Piotr Białowolski, Irina Mordukhovich, E. McNeely","doi":"10.1080/24721840.2020.1796488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24721840.2020.1796488","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background The scale and scope of experience of sexual harassment at work among male and female flight attendants was examined. Flight attendants are a predominantly female workforce with an occupational heritage of female and male sexualized stereotypes. Method Data represented perception and prevalence of sexual harassment related to hostile work environment among 8,700 North American (U.S. and Canada) and 1,887 United Kingdom (UK) flight attendants in the Flight Attendant Health Study. Results Sexual harassment, mostly from passengers, pilots, and coworkers, was reported by 26% of North American flight attendants and 11% of UK flight attendants. Yet, 61% of UK flight attendants experienced unwanted sexual behaviors, pointing to possible underreporting of the sexual harassment problem. Sexually offensive behaviors received variable labeling as sexual harassment depending on gender of the victim and perpetrator profile. Conclusion Sexual harassment is a potentially underreported workplace problem for flight attendants with underreporting resulting from gender-specific differences in individual perceptions. Understanding these differences is vital to addressing sexual harassment and the concomitant health risks. Traditional client and customer attitudes might lead to rose-colored victims’ judgment, especially in the case of customer service jobs involving emotional labor. Our results provide new information to guide future research regarding well-being of this understudied group of service employees.","PeriodicalId":41693,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aerospace Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"171 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24721840.2020.1796488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42668426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：