This article defines the connotation of starting point fairness, designs the evaluation indexes of starting point fairness, and puts forward the measure method of starting point fairness. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 1985 to 2017, the article conducts a statistical measure of starting point fairness and econometric analysis of the determinants of starting point fairness in China. The research results show that:(1) China's starting point fairness is relatively fair generally, showing an upward trend. Education equity and public health equity are very fair. Public infrastructure equity is quite fair. Public natural resources equity is relatively fair. Employment equity is relatively unfair. (2) Inequalities in education, employment, public health, public infrastructure and public natural resources have significant negative effects on the starting point fairness, vice versa. (3) Policy bias, urban-rural differences, and regional differences have significant negative effects on the starting point fairness. The relationship between opening-up and starting point fairness is a significant inverted U-type. Policy bias, urban-rural differences, regional differences and opening-up have further widened the negative effects of education inequality and employment inequality on the starting point fairness. The findings provide important policy implications. Keywords—starting point fairness; education equity; employment equity; evaluation system; determinants
{"title":"A Research on the Evaluation System and Determinants of Starting Point Fairness","authors":"Jingshui Sun, Pin-yen Wu","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.34","url":null,"abstract":"This article defines the connotation of starting point fairness, designs the evaluation indexes of starting point fairness, and puts forward the measure method of starting point fairness. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 1985 to 2017, the article conducts a statistical measure of starting point fairness and econometric analysis of the determinants of starting point fairness in China. The research results show that:(1) China's starting point fairness is relatively fair generally, showing an upward trend. Education equity and public health equity are very fair. Public infrastructure equity is quite fair. Public natural resources equity is relatively fair. Employment equity is relatively unfair. (2) Inequalities in education, employment, public health, public infrastructure and public natural resources have significant negative effects on the starting point fairness, vice versa. (3) Policy bias, urban-rural differences, and regional differences have significant negative effects on the starting point fairness. The relationship between opening-up and starting point fairness is a significant inverted U-type. Policy bias, urban-rural differences, regional differences and opening-up have further widened the negative effects of education inequality and employment inequality on the starting point fairness. The findings provide important policy implications. Keywords—starting point fairness; education equity; employment equity; evaluation system; determinants","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124688341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
— The paper deals with the role of competence management in the development strategy of modern knowledge-intensive companies. The ajar innovation strategy, which assumes that different agents manage different stages of the life cycle of the same technology, encourages companies to manage changes in the formation of competencies and their implementation. In turn, between the formation and implementation of competencies, there are some institutional filters maintaining certain management decisions and blocking the implementation of others .
{"title":"Competence Management in a Knowledge-intensive Company Under the Ajar Innovation Strategy","authors":"N. Goridko, R. Nizhegorodtsev","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.63","url":null,"abstract":"— The paper deals with the role of competence management in the development strategy of modern knowledge-intensive companies. The ajar innovation strategy, which assumes that different agents manage different stages of the life cycle of the same technology, encourages companies to manage changes in the formation of competencies and their implementation. In turn, between the formation and implementation of competencies, there are some institutional filters maintaining certain management decisions and blocking the implementation of others .","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129652339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
—article is dedicated to the trade cooperation of United States with regional economic integration – European Union at the present time. The authors analyzed trade cooperation, its dynamic, specialization, directions, and implement the term “economic anamorphosis”. The authors came to conclusion that correlation of United States’ foreign trade indicators with European Union showed an unequal evaluation of each Union’ member and determined the disproportion of understanding and examination of regional integration not as the complex subject of the global economy but as the set of different and independent subjects.
{"title":"US-EU Merchandise Trade: Key Features and Problem of Disproportion","authors":"Y. Konovalova, S. A. Ushanov","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.2","url":null,"abstract":"—article is dedicated to the trade cooperation of United States with regional economic integration – European Union at the present time. The authors analyzed trade cooperation, its dynamic, specialization, directions, and implement the term “economic anamorphosis”. The authors came to conclusion that correlation of United States’ foreign trade indicators with European Union showed an unequal evaluation of each Union’ member and determined the disproportion of understanding and examination of regional integration not as the complex subject of the global economy but as the set of different and independent subjects.","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132098650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing awareness of the health hazards assisted with preservatives used in today's foods draws great attention to the complete food manufacturing chain. Research presented in this paper based on the author’s successful development of the innovative natural food preservative applied in a meat product and the subsequent evaluation of its production in business models. The modeling of different quantities of both: currently used, nitrite based preservatives, and the developed chitosan orange peel complex, exposes slightly higher costs of the later one, as compared to nitrite based preservatives. The production rampup in Switzerland, Poland, Thailand and China differentiate by less than 20%, leaving room for the inclusion of intangible aspects in the final choice of the manufacturing location. Keywords—business modeling; natural food; organic food; additive preservatives; coating preservatives
{"title":"Modeling Value of Natural Food Preservative Using an Example of Innovative Chitosan Orange Peel Complex","authors":"V. Lent","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.27","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing awareness of the health hazards assisted with preservatives used in today's foods draws great attention to the complete food manufacturing chain. Research presented in this paper based on the author’s successful development of the innovative natural food preservative applied in a meat product and the subsequent evaluation of its production in business models. The modeling of different quantities of both: currently used, nitrite based preservatives, and the developed chitosan orange peel complex, exposes slightly higher costs of the later one, as compared to nitrite based preservatives. The production rampup in Switzerland, Poland, Thailand and China differentiate by less than 20%, leaving room for the inclusion of intangible aspects in the final choice of the manufacturing location. Keywords—business modeling; natural food; organic food; additive preservatives; coating preservatives","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125271513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of blockchain has been recognized worldwide. It can be applied in many fields and brings a huge improvement to society. To help users to gain quick access to this new technology, IT giants introduce BaaS (Blockchain as a service). However, the study of BaaS in the context of the Chinese environment is insufficient. Therefore, this article aims to make up for this gap. This paper studies the application of blockchain in China and the benefits and challenges of BaaS. Then, 5 BaaS providers will be introduced and one of them, the 58 BaaS, will be carefully examined through SWOT analysis. The conclusion is that although the application of BaaS is promising, there are obstacles such as regulations on the way to the large-scale use. Different providers of BaaS in China focus on different areas, and 58 concentrates on a unique one. 58 BaaS has its competitive advantages compared to other providers, but it still has to deal with the challenges carefully in the application of blockchain. Keywords—blockchain as a service; application of blockchain;
{"title":"The Application of Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) and its providers in China","authors":"Jialin Shi","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.28","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of blockchain has been recognized worldwide. It can be applied in many fields and brings a huge improvement to society. To help users to gain quick access to this new technology, IT giants introduce BaaS (Blockchain as a service). However, the study of BaaS in the context of the Chinese environment is insufficient. Therefore, this article aims to make up for this gap. This paper studies the application of blockchain in China and the benefits and challenges of BaaS. Then, 5 BaaS providers will be introduced and one of them, the 58 BaaS, will be carefully examined through SWOT analysis. The conclusion is that although the application of BaaS is promising, there are obstacles such as regulations on the way to the large-scale use. Different providers of BaaS in China focus on different areas, and 58 concentrates on a unique one. 58 BaaS has its competitive advantages compared to other providers, but it still has to deal with the challenges carefully in the application of blockchain. Keywords—blockchain as a service; application of blockchain;","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134340561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International Joint Venture (IJV) has been one of the main approaches to entering a foreign market in the last decade. Recently there has been a growing interest to examine the factors of successful IJVs in China and how these IJVs manage effectively with cross-culture from major developed countries. The studies mainly focus on the determinants of successful IJVs performance and how to have effective cultural difference management where the foreign partner in Estonia. In the paper, applying a conceptual model and Hofstede 6D framework are used to analyze of an Estonian-Chinese IJV. The result shows that the market opportunity and strong support from the government are the main factors. Besides, the cultural differences between Chinese and Estonian enterprises are significant to manage. Finally, in the conclusions part, limitations are also discussed together with an outline of future research directions. Keywords—success factors, ijv, cultural difference management,
{"title":"Identifying and Managing Key Success Factors for Sino-Estonian Joint Ventures","authors":"Jian Xie, Yuhan Hu, Yang-Bo Sun","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.15","url":null,"abstract":"International Joint Venture (IJV) has been one of the main approaches to entering a foreign market in the last decade. Recently there has been a growing interest to examine the factors of successful IJVs in China and how these IJVs manage effectively with cross-culture from major developed countries. The studies mainly focus on the determinants of successful IJVs performance and how to have effective cultural difference management where the foreign partner in Estonia. In the paper, applying a conceptual model and Hofstede 6D framework are used to analyze of an Estonian-Chinese IJV. The result shows that the market opportunity and strong support from the government are the main factors. Besides, the cultural differences between Chinese and Estonian enterprises are significant to manage. Finally, in the conclusions part, limitations are also discussed together with an outline of future research directions. Keywords—success factors, ijv, cultural difference management,","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guiguzi summarised the techniques of lobbying and subjected them to inductive analysis, producing a work that is the culmination of lobbying, known as Guiguzi culture. In this study, the rationality and applicability of the strategy of Bai-He of Guiguzi culture were subjected to dialectics and analysis on the basis of the views of game theory. The findings demonstrated that the arguments proposed in the strategy of Bai-He in Guiguzi culture still conform to the behaviours exhibited in modern society of selecting a game strategy. Keywords—game theory; Bai-He strategy; Guiguzi culture.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Bai-He Strategy of Guiguzi Culture in the Perspective of Game Theory","authors":"Chiou-Wen Chen, Wen-Feng Kuo","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"Guiguzi summarised the techniques of lobbying and subjected them to inductive analysis, producing a work that is the culmination of lobbying, known as Guiguzi culture. In this study, the rationality and applicability of the strategy of Bai-He of Guiguzi culture were subjected to dialectics and analysis on the basis of the views of game theory. The findings demonstrated that the arguments proposed in the strategy of Bai-He in Guiguzi culture still conform to the behaviours exhibited in modern society of selecting a game strategy. Keywords—game theory; Bai-He strategy; Guiguzi culture.","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115964083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The grain industry security is a major strategic issue that is related to the development of national economy and national security, and the establishment of evaluation index system of grain industry security is the premise and foundation of the grain industry security evaluation. In this paper, the concept of food security is sorted out, and the concept of grain industry security is presented, meanwhile on the base of the construction of grain industry security system theory model, analysis the influence of potential threat, industry main body and macro safeguards on grain industry security, clarify the action mechanism of various factors and establish a index system of grain industry security evaluation. Keywords—grain industry security; influence factor; index system I. THE DEFINITION OF GRAIN INDUSTRY SECURITY CONCEPT Improving the overall national food acquisition ability and eliminating macro food insecurity risk are the basis and premise of elimination of household and personal food insecurity. Therefore, the security of food production and circulation is the key to the problem of food security, and the grain industry carrier of assuming grain production and circulation should be a research area of food security issues. After accession to WTO, the greatest impact in the field of agriculture is food industry. The core content of the Sino-US agricultural cooperation agreement that is a precondition for China’s accession to WTO is food trade. The huge differences in grain production costs between China and other developed food exporting countries determines the china’s disadvantaged position of exports and the international grain markets’ impact on China's food industry is inevitable. Therefore, China's food industry not only should have a stable production capacity, ensure that the grain has the stable and effective supply, but also to foster and strengthened food industry’s competitiveness, foster food industry’s penetration on international food market, so as to avoid taking up too much market share by the United States and other countries exporting food, this is the need for food industry's own development, and even the need for food security. Therefore, the definition of the concept of food security from the industry level, this paper puts forward the concept of grain industry security: in the integrated international and domestic market environment, a country's food industry is competitive in the participation international competition, can resist the risk factors from the outside and inside and maintain sustainability of grain production and smoothness of grain circulation, thereby form a stable, efficient food supply. II. THE DESIGN OF FOOD INDUSTRY SAFETY EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM Evaluation of the food security of the FAO is a method of macro comparison, the operation is simple, meanwhile facilitates the comparison between international. The main basis of the indicators included in; food production, import and export volume, the amoun
{"title":"Preliminary Study on the Concept and Evaluation Index System of Grain Industry Security","authors":"Dongmei Li","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.57","url":null,"abstract":"The grain industry security is a major strategic issue that is related to the development of national economy and national security, and the establishment of evaluation index system of grain industry security is the premise and foundation of the grain industry security evaluation. In this paper, the concept of food security is sorted out, and the concept of grain industry security is presented, meanwhile on the base of the construction of grain industry security system theory model, analysis the influence of potential threat, industry main body and macro safeguards on grain industry security, clarify the action mechanism of various factors and establish a index system of grain industry security evaluation. Keywords—grain industry security; influence factor; index system I. THE DEFINITION OF GRAIN INDUSTRY SECURITY CONCEPT Improving the overall national food acquisition ability and eliminating macro food insecurity risk are the basis and premise of elimination of household and personal food insecurity. Therefore, the security of food production and circulation is the key to the problem of food security, and the grain industry carrier of assuming grain production and circulation should be a research area of food security issues. After accession to WTO, the greatest impact in the field of agriculture is food industry. The core content of the Sino-US agricultural cooperation agreement that is a precondition for China’s accession to WTO is food trade. The huge differences in grain production costs between China and other developed food exporting countries determines the china’s disadvantaged position of exports and the international grain markets’ impact on China's food industry is inevitable. Therefore, China's food industry not only should have a stable production capacity, ensure that the grain has the stable and effective supply, but also to foster and strengthened food industry’s competitiveness, foster food industry’s penetration on international food market, so as to avoid taking up too much market share by the United States and other countries exporting food, this is the need for food industry's own development, and even the need for food security. Therefore, the definition of the concept of food security from the industry level, this paper puts forward the concept of grain industry security: in the integrated international and domestic market environment, a country's food industry is competitive in the participation international competition, can resist the risk factors from the outside and inside and maintain sustainability of grain production and smoothness of grain circulation, thereby form a stable, efficient food supply. II. THE DESIGN OF FOOD INDUSTRY SAFETY EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM Evaluation of the food security of the FAO is a method of macro comparison, the operation is simple, meanwhile facilitates the comparison between international. The main basis of the indicators included in; food production, import and export volume, the amoun","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122408501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the process of the supply chain’s quality cooperation, a main manufacturer’s psychological utility is not only affected by the delivery’s quality level but also the quality reference point, which is the industry average level. The participants’ economic value has been calculated by adjusting the risk avoidance coefficient, the production cost function and the quality improvement profit in the contract. Meanwhile, the objective programming model is constructed to calculate the maximum quality equilibrium solution of both parties. In this way, supplier's behavior is effectively controlled to realize the reciprocal transaction of supply chain quality cooperation. Keywords—quality assurance; psychological utility; reference points
{"title":"Quality Assurance Method for the Supply Chain of the Complex Product Under Reference Point Effects","authors":"Xiaojing Li, Yuan Liu","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.54","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of the supply chain’s quality cooperation, a main manufacturer’s psychological utility is not only affected by the delivery’s quality level but also the quality reference point, which is the industry average level. The participants’ economic value has been calculated by adjusting the risk avoidance coefficient, the production cost function and the quality improvement profit in the contract. Meanwhile, the objective programming model is constructed to calculate the maximum quality equilibrium solution of both parties. In this way, supplier's behavior is effectively controlled to realize the reciprocal transaction of supply chain quality cooperation. Keywords—quality assurance; psychological utility; reference points","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132585141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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