Summary The study deals with the issue of translation in the field of medicine. The first part contains a brief theoretical introduction into medical translation in general. It is followed by a practical analysis of problems in the translation from the source to the target language with a focus on abbreviations and defects in source texts. It describes specific problem areas and examples which occur very often in medical texts and can lead to errors in target texts. Decoding medical abbreviations and defects in source texts in the German – Slovak language pair is a very demanding job, because the use of Latin, Greek or English words and their abbreviations in medical texts is a common occurrence for doctors, but can be a source of problems and confusion for translators.
{"title":"Spezifika der Übersetzung von medizinischen Texten","authors":"Miroslava Bajusová","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The study deals with the issue of translation in the field of medicine. The first part contains a brief theoretical introduction into medical translation in general. It is followed by a practical analysis of problems in the translation from the source to the target language with a focus on abbreviations and defects in source texts. It describes specific problem areas and examples which occur very often in medical texts and can lead to errors in target texts. Decoding medical abbreviations and defects in source texts in the German – Slovak language pair is a very demanding job, because the use of Latin, Greek or English words and their abbreviations in medical texts is a common occurrence for doctors, but can be a source of problems and confusion for translators.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This article aims to analyse the image of Montenegrin women in Italian travelogues published to mark the Savoy – Petrović marriage which took place in 1896. By comparing the observations of Italian travel writers, we seek to determine the circumstances that affected their representation and to establish how the image of women influenced the way this country was presented to Italian readers.
{"title":"Montenegrin women in Italian travel writing (1896–1906)","authors":"Olivera Popović","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This article aims to analyse the image of Montenegrin women in Italian travelogues published to mark the Savoy – Petrović marriage which took place in 1896. By comparing the observations of Italian travel writers, we seek to determine the circumstances that affected their representation and to establish how the image of women influenced the way this country was presented to Italian readers.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The article examines how Benjamin Franklin’s ideas of self-improvement were adopted in Russia. The concept of the new creation of the self is one of Benjamin Franklin’s the most popular ideas. Since the first publication of Franklin’s Autobiography the idea of self-improvement became a genuine part of the very American ideology of the self-made man. After Andrej Turgenev published his translation of Franklin’s Autobiography in Moscow in 1799, Franklin’s method went on to enjoy a widespread triumph in imperial Russia. Andrey Turgenev’s and Vasilij Zhukovskij’s diaries, Alexander Griboedov’s comedy G ore ot uma (1825) and Dmitrij Begichev’s novel Semeystvo Kholmskikh (1832) can help us to trace this Russian history of Franklin’s method and show how Russian followers of Franklin modified and adapted his concept.
{"title":"‘Arriving at moral Perfection’: Benjamin Franklin und seine russischen Nachfolger (Andrej Turgenev, Vasilij Žukovskij, Dmitrij Begičev)","authors":"Natalia Borisova","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The article examines how Benjamin Franklin’s ideas of self-improvement were adopted in Russia. The concept of the new creation of the self is one of Benjamin Franklin’s the most popular ideas. Since the first publication of Franklin’s Autobiography the idea of self-improvement became a genuine part of the very American ideology of the self-made man. After Andrej Turgenev published his translation of Franklin’s Autobiography in Moscow in 1799, Franklin’s method went on to enjoy a widespread triumph in imperial Russia. Andrey Turgenev’s and Vasilij Zhukovskij’s diaries, Alexander Griboedov’s comedy G ore ot uma (1825) and Dmitrij Begichev’s novel Semeystvo Kholmskikh (1832) can help us to trace this Russian history of Franklin’s method and show how Russian followers of Franklin modified and adapted his concept.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can the hegemon speak about the subaltern","authors":"Arent van Nieukerken","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This paper concerns works by the Polish contemporary author and journalist Mariusz Szczygieł (*1966). I analyze Szczygieł’s Czech reportages ( Gottland [2006], Zrób sobie raj [2010] and to some extent Nie ma [2018]) from the perspective of memory studies, focusing particularly on the question of taboo in collective memory and the issue of false memory (the products of the minds of individual persons or groups of people that make them sure that a certain event took place despite the fact that it never occurred), which are meant to show the untrustworthiness of memories and reminiscences. I argue that Szczygieł’s Czech reportages are to be read in the context of questions that have been vividly discussed in the Polish public sphere in recent decades: the dilemma of how to deal with the communist past after 1989 (lustration; Polish: lustracja ); and how to proceed with the referential pact when writing and reading literary nonfiction.
本文研究的是波兰当代作家兼新闻记者马里乌什·什齐吉耶夫(Mariusz szczygiekov， *1966)的作品。我分析Szczygieł的捷克报道(Gottland [2006], Zrob sobie raj[2010]和马在某种程度上聂[2018])从内存的角度研究,尤其关注禁忌问题的集体记忆和错误记忆的问题(产品的个人或团体的人使他们确信某个事件发生尽管它从未发生),这是为了显示记忆和回忆的值得信赖。我认为，什齐吉耶夫的捷克报告文学应该放在近几十年来在波兰公共领域生动讨论的问题的背景下阅读:1989年之后如何处理共产主义过去的困境(插图;波兰语:lustracja);以及在写作和阅读文学非虚构作品时，如何进行参照契约。
{"title":"“Memory is a Bitch.” Taboo and False Memory in Czech Reportages by Mariusz Szczygieł","authors":"Aleksandra Konarzewska","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper concerns works by the Polish contemporary author and journalist Mariusz Szczygieł (*1966). I analyze Szczygieł’s Czech reportages ( Gottland [2006], Zrób sobie raj [2010] and to some extent Nie ma [2018]) from the perspective of memory studies, focusing particularly on the question of taboo in collective memory and the issue of false memory (the products of the minds of individual persons or groups of people that make them sure that a certain event took place despite the fact that it never occurred), which are meant to show the untrustworthiness of memories and reminiscences. I argue that Szczygieł’s Czech reportages are to be read in the context of questions that have been vividly discussed in the Polish public sphere in recent decades: the dilemma of how to deal with the communist past after 1989 (lustration; Polish: lustracja ); and how to proceed with the referential pact when writing and reading literary nonfiction.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The presented article points out the peculiarities of the Slovak criminal term bodily harm (sk. ublíženie na zdraví ) from the perspective of its translation into German, based on the following premises: (1) diversity of sources of information, (2) dual nature of language and (3) theory of contextualism (see Preyer & Peter [2005]). Due to the differences between German and Slovak criminal law it is necessary to take into account the expressive and conceptual aspects of the basic term and its position in terminology in order to choose a suitable foreign language equivalent and then compare this information with possible equivalents in German. The selection of the most appropriate equivalent must be preceded by a thorough examination of the above aspects on the basis of multiple information sources (such as professional texts, legislative texts, lexicographic publications, corpora). This procedure ensures a reliable determination of the degree of equivalence of the basic term in relation to a foreign language term and is a prerequisite for the selection of the most suitable foreign language equivalent. With regard to a detailed examination of cotextual/contextual relations, it reveals the relationship of the initial term to the related terms and thus also helps in the appropriate selection of the relevant foreign language equivalents of related terms within the terminological field. This procedure can be applied also to other terms.
本文基于以下前提，从斯洛伐克刑事术语“身体伤害”(sk. ublíženie na zdraví)的德语翻译角度，指出了其特殊性:(1)信息来源的多样性;(2)语言的双重性质;(3)语境主义理论(见Preyer &彼得[2005])。由于德国和斯洛伐克刑法之间的差异，有必要考虑到基本术语的表达和概念方面及其在术语中的地位，以便选择合适的外文对等物，然后将这一资料与可能的德语对等物进行比较。在选择最合适的对等物之前，必须在多种信息来源(如专业文本、立法文本、词典出版物、语料库)的基础上对上述方面进行彻底检查。这一程序确保可靠地确定基本术语与外语术语的对等程度，是选择最合适的外语对等词的先决条件。关于上下文关系的详细考察，它揭示了初始术语与相关术语的关系，从而也有助于在术语领域中适当选择相关术语的相关外文对等词。这一过程也适用于其他术语。
{"title":"Zu Besonderheiten des Fachbegriffes <i>ublíženie na zdraví</i> aus der Perspektive des Strafrechts in der Slowakei und in Deutschland","authors":"Zuzana Gašová","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The presented article points out the peculiarities of the Slovak criminal term bodily harm (sk. ublíženie na zdraví ) from the perspective of its translation into German, based on the following premises: (1) diversity of sources of information, (2) dual nature of language and (3) theory of contextualism (see Preyer & Peter [2005]). Due to the differences between German and Slovak criminal law it is necessary to take into account the expressive and conceptual aspects of the basic term and its position in terminology in order to choose a suitable foreign language equivalent and then compare this information with possible equivalents in German. The selection of the most appropriate equivalent must be preceded by a thorough examination of the above aspects on the basis of multiple information sources (such as professional texts, legislative texts, lexicographic publications, corpora). This procedure ensures a reliable determination of the degree of equivalence of the basic term in relation to a foreign language term and is a prerequisite for the selection of the most suitable foreign language equivalent. With regard to a detailed examination of cotextual/contextual relations, it reveals the relationship of the initial term to the related terms and thus also helps in the appropriate selection of the relevant foreign language equivalents of related terms within the terminological field. This procedure can be applied also to other terms.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The Polish genitive case is explored from the point of view of its proposed polysemy. We adopt the view that the genitive represents an instance of structured polysemy (Nikiforidou 1991). Like Nikiforidou, we reject the opinion that the genitive instantiates accidental homonymy or shows general single meaning. Our analysis demonstrates that several meanings we identified are intricately tied to each other. There are two prototypical meanings with their several semantic extensions, the latter departing from the former. Contrary to Nikiforidou’s proposal of the genitive as a “radial category” (Lakoff 1987), we support an alternative model. In our view, structured polysemy found in the genitive is better handled by a model referred to as the “meaning chain” (Taylor 1988). Some of the meanings identified are motivated by other meanings in the chain, without directly relying on some semantic centre. Our description of the Polish genitive sheds new light on the holistic semantics of this category with allegedly only grammatical meaning.
{"title":"The polysemic meaning chain of the genitive case in Polish","authors":"Piotr Twardzisz","doi":"10.1515/slaw-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The Polish genitive case is explored from the point of view of its proposed polysemy. We adopt the view that the genitive represents an instance of structured polysemy (Nikiforidou 1991). Like Nikiforidou, we reject the opinion that the genitive instantiates accidental homonymy or shows general single meaning. Our analysis demonstrates that several meanings we identified are intricately tied to each other. There are two prototypical meanings with their several semantic extensions, the latter departing from the former. Contrary to Nikiforidou’s proposal of the genitive as a “radial category” (Lakoff 1987), we support an alternative model. In our view, structured polysemy found in the genitive is better handled by a model referred to as the “meaning chain” (Taylor 1988). Some of the meanings identified are motivated by other meanings in the chain, without directly relying on some semantic centre. Our description of the Polish genitive sheds new light on the holistic semantics of this category with allegedly only grammatical meaning.","PeriodicalId":41834,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SLAWISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136360348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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