Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341376
J. Lund
Using Cyprus as a case study, the present contribution applies a diachronic perspective to the notion of contact zones as a means to explore some of the implications of this concept for an island. The geographic distribution of ceramic imports to Cyprus during the 1st millennium reveals a fairly consistent pattern through time, which seems to be more or less similar to what has been suggested for earlier periods in the island’s history. This suggests that the points of contact were determined more by geographical proximity and ease of communication than by human factors. The Cypriots themselves seem to have played a less active role on the overseas markets in the 1st millennium AD than before, and it is tentatively proposed that it might have been the island’s loss of control of her mines in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods that led to a decline in the direct involvement of Cypriots in overseas trade.
{"title":"Cyprus as a Contact Zone in the 1st Millennium AD","authors":"J. Lund","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341376","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Using Cyprus as a case study, the present contribution applies a diachronic perspective to the notion of contact zones as a means to explore some of the implications of this concept for an island. The geographic distribution of ceramic imports to Cyprus during the 1st millennium reveals a fairly consistent pattern through time, which seems to be more or less similar to what has been suggested for earlier periods in the island’s history. This suggests that the points of contact were determined more by geographical proximity and ease of communication than by human factors. The Cypriots themselves seem to have played a less active role on the overseas markets in the 1st millennium AD than before, and it is tentatively proposed that it might have been the island’s loss of control of her mines in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods that led to a decline in the direct involvement of Cypriots in overseas trade.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43243563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341379
V. Cojocaru
{"title":"Die Proxenie als Instrument der „Aussenpolitik“ im Kontext der auswärtigen Beziehungen pontischer Staaten","authors":"V. Cojocaru","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43686955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341369
Nataliya Petlyuchenko
The article provides results of a cognitive analysis into the conceptual opposition of CONTACT ZONE vs. BORDER AREA in English and German languages highlighting problems related to their definition in history, linguistics, communication studies, education, etc. The author discusses a series of issues concerning the typology of contact zones in sciences and humanities, offers definitions of the concepts of CONTACT ZONE and BORDER AREA, identifies their constitutive characteristics: motivation (origin) of the concept and types of sub-concepts, type/number of contact cultures and the nature of their relationship, inner structure of a zone and its size, stability/transitivity of a zone, interculturalism/hybridity, etc. The proposed linguistic interpretation of the concept of CONTACT ZONE in archeological discourse contributes to the refinement of the terminological apparatus used by archaeologists specializing in contact zone studies and complex systems of boundaries allowing a more sophisticated way for analyzing ethno-archaeological contact zones as a hypernym-hyponym relationship with several border areas within one contact zone, and provides an ideal-type model of CONTACT ZONE for further interdisciplinary research.
{"title":"Konzepte CONTACT ZONE und BORDER AREA in der Archäologie","authors":"Nataliya Petlyuchenko","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341369","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The article provides results of a cognitive analysis into the conceptual opposition of CONTACT ZONE vs. BORDER AREA in English and German languages highlighting problems related to their definition in history, linguistics, communication studies, education, etc. The author discusses a series of issues concerning the typology of contact zones in sciences and humanities, offers definitions of the concepts of CONTACT ZONE and BORDER AREA, identifies their constitutive characteristics: motivation (origin) of the concept and types of sub-concepts, type/number of contact cultures and the nature of their relationship, inner structure of a zone and its size, stability/transitivity of a zone, interculturalism/hybridity, etc. The proposed linguistic interpretation of the concept of CONTACT ZONE in archeological discourse contributes to the refinement of the terminological apparatus used by archaeologists specializing in contact zone studies and complex systems of boundaries allowing a more sophisticated way for analyzing ethno-archaeological contact zones as a hypernym-hyponym relationship with several border areas within one contact zone, and provides an ideal-type model of CONTACT ZONE for further interdisciplinary research.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45392368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341375
O. Tomashevich
The paper discusses the region of Campania as a zone of contact between Rome and Egypt, especially with regard to the cult of Egyptian Isis. Her cult first penetrates into port cities: Puteoli, Pompeii and, possibly at an even earlier date, Cumae. Later Rome, as the capital of the empire, affected each and every thing, including the spread of Isidic cult. The focus of our attention is the Iseum in Beneventum built by Domitian who obviously liked to present himself as a dominus et deus in a truly pharaonic spirit.
{"title":"A Temple of “The Mistress of the Sea” That Was Far from the Shore (the Iseum in Beneventum)","authors":"O. Tomashevich","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341375","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the region of Campania as a zone of contact between Rome and Egypt, especially with regard to the cult of Egyptian Isis. Her cult first penetrates into port cities: Puteoli, Pompeii and, possibly at an even earlier date, Cumae. Later Rome, as the capital of the empire, affected each and every thing, including the spread of Isidic cult. The focus of our attention is the Iseum in Beneventum built by Domitian who obviously liked to present himself as a dominus et deus in a truly pharaonic spirit.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":"26 1","pages":"310-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48466324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341373
D. Panchenko
The transformation of burial customs in Protogeometric Athens is to be related to the ancient tradition concerning the coming of the Ionians. The newcomers constituted a new elite in Athens and introduced several new institutions. Burial customs of the newcomers, as well as the types of their swords and their political and military institutions point to their European, especially Scandinavian, affiliation.
{"title":"New Cultural Elements of European Origin in the Dark Ages of Attica","authors":"D. Panchenko","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341373","url":null,"abstract":"The transformation of burial customs in Protogeometric Athens is to be related to the ancient tradition concerning the coming of the Ionians. The newcomers constituted a new elite in Athens and introduced several new institutions. Burial customs of the newcomers, as well as the types of their swords and their political and military institutions point to their European, especially Scandinavian, affiliation.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46370200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341385
Petr S. Stefanovich
The author summarizes evidence of large professional armies in the service of the rulers of early medieval polities in Northern and Eastern Europe. Following František Graus, the author refers to that institution as “grand retinue” (Czech velkodružina, German Staatsgefolge). The rulers maintained these troops mainly by paying in cash collected as tribute from the populace. The late 10th-early 11th-century Poland and the “North Sea Empire” of Cnut the Great (1016-1035) provide the most compelling evidence on the grand retinue. In the 10-11th centuries Rus’, the princes also had armies of military servants, referred to as otroki (a Slavic word) or – more specifically – grid’ (term borrowed from Old Norse). Such troops played a major role during the emergence of the centralized political framework, but have disappeared or degenerated as early as the 12th century. Rus’ian records describe them as prosperous in the 11th century and show their decline during the 12-13th centuries. I interpret the Rus’ian “grand retinue” as an institution based on Scandinavian models, a result of the “transfer of knowledge” that occurred in Northern and Eastern Europe during the 10-11th centuries.
{"title":"“The Grand Retinue” Phenomenon in Northern and Eastern Europe in the 10-11th Centuries","authors":"Petr S. Stefanovich","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341385","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The author summarizes evidence of large professional armies in the service of the rulers of early medieval polities in Northern and Eastern Europe. Following František Graus, the author refers to that institution as “grand retinue” (Czech velkodružina, German Staatsgefolge). The rulers maintained these troops mainly by paying in cash collected as tribute from the populace. The late 10th-early 11th-century Poland and the “North Sea Empire” of Cnut the Great (1016-1035) provide the most compelling evidence on the grand retinue. In the 10-11th centuries Rus’, the princes also had armies of military servants, referred to as otroki (a Slavic word) or – more specifically – grid’ (term borrowed from Old Norse). Such troops played a major role during the emergence of the centralized political framework, but have disappeared or degenerated as early as the 12th century. Rus’ian records describe them as prosperous in the 11th century and show their decline during the 12-13th centuries. I interpret the Rus’ian “grand retinue” as an institution based on Scandinavian models, a result of the “transfer of knowledge” that occurred in Northern and Eastern Europe during the 10-11th centuries.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47908362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341374
A. Coşkun
A broad literary tradition accounts for the transfer of Magna Mater (in the shape of a meteorite) from Pessinus to Rome in 205 BCE. The evidence includes many details regarding the mythical aetiology and institutional organization of the cult. However, our main source, Livy 29.10.4-29.11.8 & 29.14.5-14, is viewed with ever growing suspicion, partly due to contradictions with other witnesses, partly because the scarce archaeological material from Pessinus that predates the 2nd century BC does not support the claim of a Phrygian cult centre. Latest research demonstrates that Livy does not, in fact, require a glorious Phrygian past of the site, but rather provides substantial clues pointing to the agency of Attalos I of Pergamon, as does Strabo (12.5.3). This king was not simply a mediator between Rome and Pessinus, but appears to have played a most active role in diverting the Roman quest to inland Anatolia and in shaping the cult of Kybele and Attis both in the valley of the Gallos and on the banks of the Tiber.
{"title":"Über den Hintergrund der Verbreitung des Kybele-Kultes im Westen der Mittelmeerwelt","authors":"A. Coşkun","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341374","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A broad literary tradition accounts for the transfer of Magna Mater (in the shape of a meteorite) from Pessinus to Rome in 205 BCE. The evidence includes many details regarding the mythical aetiology and institutional organization of the cult. However, our main source, Livy 29.10.4-29.11.8 & 29.14.5-14, is viewed with ever growing suspicion, partly due to contradictions with other witnesses, partly because the scarce archaeological material from Pessinus that predates the 2nd century BC does not support the claim of a Phrygian cult centre. Latest research demonstrates that Livy does not, in fact, require a glorious Phrygian past of the site, but rather provides substantial clues pointing to the agency of Attalos I of Pergamon, as does Strabo (12.5.3). This king was not simply a mediator between Rome and Pessinus, but appears to have played a most active role in diverting the Roman quest to inland Anatolia and in shaping the cult of Kybele and Attis both in the valley of the Gallos and on the banks of the Tiber.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47239879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341371
V. Mordvint͡seva
The author proposes an approach to determine self-identities, boundaries, internal political organization and foreign relations of ancient societies using materials of burials of élites in the lack of representative written sources.
{"title":"Prestige Goods from Élite Burials as Markers of Self-Identity and Networking of the Élites","authors":"V. Mordvint͡seva","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341371","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The author proposes an approach to determine self-identities, boundaries, internal political organization and foreign relations of ancient societies using materials of burials of élites in the lack of representative written sources.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":"26 1","pages":"257-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45172213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341372
F. Kaul
The introduction of the folding stool and the single-edged razor into Southern Scandinavia, as well as the testimony of chariot use during the Nordic Bronze Age Period II (1500-1300 BC), give evidence of the transfer of ideas from the Mediterranean to the North. Recent analyses of the chemical composition of blue glass beads from well-dated Danish Bronze Age burials have revealed evidence for the opening of long distance exchange routes around 1400 BC between Egypt, Mesopotamia and South Scandinavia. When including comparative material from glass workshops in Egypt and finds of glass from Mesopotamia, it becomes clear that glass from those distant lands reached Scandinavia. The routes of exchange can be traced through Europe based on finds of amber from the North and glass from the South.
{"title":"Middle Bronze Age Long Distance Exchange through Europe and Beyond","authors":"F. Kaul","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341372","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The introduction of the folding stool and the single-edged razor into Southern Scandinavia, as well as the testimony of chariot use during the Nordic Bronze Age Period II (1500-1300 BC), give evidence of the transfer of ideas from the Mediterranean to the North. Recent analyses of the chemical composition of blue glass beads from well-dated Danish Bronze Age burials have revealed evidence for the opening of long distance exchange routes around 1400 BC between Egypt, Mesopotamia and South Scandinavia. When including comparative material from glass workshops in Egypt and finds of glass from Mesopotamia, it becomes clear that glass from those distant lands reached Scandinavia. The routes of exchange can be traced through Europe based on finds of amber from the North and glass from the South.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":"26 1","pages":"266-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46550692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1163/15700577-12341370
Christopher Ulf
The concept of contacts zones, as developed in Ulf 2009, employs differentiating factors to embed the actors involved in the transfers of goods and ideas in their cultural and socio-political environments. Power exerted between people who transfer goods and ideas and those who receive them, is decisive for how receptivity is shaped by their recipients. To discover where power is situated in the complex processes of intercultural interactions, this paper leads attention to the societal characteristics that have an impact on the cultural actors. Referring to the change from the Greek enoikismoi within the scattered settlements of the local population(s) in the hinterland between the Gulf of Taranto and Brindisi to the emergence of recognizable Greek settlements along the coastline from the 8th to the 7th century BC, the example of the feast is chosen to highlight the accompanying change of the scale of power and its exertion. In the terminology of contact zones, a dense contact zone lacking a dominant partner turns into a Middle Ground. From the definition of the various contact zones derives, that the receptivity changed from free adaptation of so far unknown cultural elements to their own intentions and needs to conscious and intentional misunderstandings of the other’s cultural forms and behaviour to gain advantage over the exchange partner. Thus power is a growing factor in their relationship and becomes the more important when the Middle Ground is replaced by a dense zone of contact where one partner is able to dominate. Thereby, it becomes clear that the relationships in cultural transfers are not tied up with ethnic conditions or cultural superiority and inferiority, but determined by the type of contact zones which in turn are characterized by the tools of power involved.
{"title":"The Impact of Power on Contact Zones and Receptivity","authors":"Christopher Ulf","doi":"10.1163/15700577-12341370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341370","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The concept of contacts zones, as developed in Ulf 2009, employs differentiating factors to embed the actors involved in the transfers of goods and ideas in their cultural and socio-political environments. Power exerted between people who transfer goods and ideas and those who receive them, is decisive for how receptivity is shaped by their recipients. To discover where power is situated in the complex processes of intercultural interactions, this paper leads attention to the societal characteristics that have an impact on the cultural actors. Referring to the change from the Greek enoikismoi within the scattered settlements of the local population(s) in the hinterland between the Gulf of Taranto and Brindisi to the emergence of recognizable Greek settlements along the coastline from the 8th to the 7th century BC, the example of the feast is chosen to highlight the accompanying change of the scale of power and its exertion. In the terminology of contact zones, a dense contact zone lacking a dominant partner turns into a Middle Ground. From the definition of the various contact zones derives, that the receptivity changed from free adaptation of so far unknown cultural elements to their own intentions and needs to conscious and intentional misunderstandings of the other’s cultural forms and behaviour to gain advantage over the exchange partner. Thus power is a growing factor in their relationship and becomes the more important when the Middle Ground is replaced by a dense zone of contact where one partner is able to dominate. Thereby, it becomes clear that the relationships in cultural transfers are not tied up with ethnic conditions or cultural superiority and inferiority, but determined by the type of contact zones which in turn are characterized by the tools of power involved.","PeriodicalId":41854,"journal":{"name":"Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43615270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：