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A reprodução de velhos paradigmas em políticas de transporte e mobilidade: uma análise da região metropolitana de Florianópolis 交通和流动性政策中旧范式的再现:florianopolis大都市地区的分析
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6390
Rodrigo Giraldi Cocco
Urban mobility policies in Florianopolis Metropolitan Region (FMR) have been affected by aspects inherent to their socio-spatial formation. The political structure, as well as planning and management institutions comprise a superstructure that derives from conservative social relations rooted both in State and in civil society. Such relations result in the materialization of obsolete planning paradigms and in deepening the contradictions between territory and mobility. These assumptions aim at emulating interventions that have succeeded in other contexts and times, although they did not solve singular contradictions in the FMR public transportation system. Planning institutions avoid interfering in power structures built around the real estate industry and public transportation systems. Thus, interventions based on the design of connective spaces ignore that transportation is just part of a broader mobility policy; they also disregard the need of developing a policy focused on land-use mix, on subsidies to public transportation, on integrating different transport technologies and on the inter-institutional integration of planning agencies. Therefore, the potential of the aforementioned Santa Catarina State coastal sub-space for non-motorized motilities, as well as for catamaran and light rail transit – which derive from the compact and promontory-embedded Portuguese urbanization –, is surprisingly neglected.
弗洛里亚诺波利斯大都市区(FMR)的城市交通政策受到其社会空间结构固有方面的影响。政治结构以及规划和管理机构构成了一个上层建筑,它源于植根于国家和民间社会的保守社会关系。这种关系导致了陈旧规划范式的物化,并加深了地域与流动性之间的矛盾。这些假设旨在模仿在其他背景和时代取得成功的干预措施,尽管它们并没有解决FMR公共交通系统中的单一矛盾。规划机构避免干预围绕房地产业和公共交通系统建立的权力结构。因此,基于连接空间设计的干预忽视了交通只是更广泛的交通政策的一部分;它们还忽视了需要制定一项政策,侧重于土地使用混合、公共交通补贴、综合不同的运输技术和规划机构间的一体化。因此,上文提到的圣卡塔琳娜州沿海子空间对非机动动力的潜力,以及双体船和轻轨交通的潜力——这源于紧凑和嵌入海岬的葡萄牙城市化——令人惊讶地被忽视了。
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引用次数: 0
El turismo de cruceros de la isla de Cozumel, México: más allá del Caribe 墨西哥科苏梅尔岛的邮轮旅游:加勒比海之外
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6391
L. S. P. Y. Sotelo, A. G. D. L. Loza
The localization of the island of Cozumel (Mexico) in the Caribbean Sea has endowed it with natural resources that are ideal for tourist activities. The infrastructure about hotels and other attractions, is all of high quality. However, there are ports on the coasts of Mexico that are relatively similar but that are nowhere near competing with Cozumel. This shows that a favourable physical environment and innovative installations are not always sufficient to achieve a place on the circuit of international cruise ships. The main objective of the present work was to identify other factors that would explain the supremacy of Cozumel, on the basis of specific models such theory of Circular Cumulative Causation combined with the spatial spread effects of development. It is suggested here that an economic structure that is specialized in tourism would be an additional and decisive factor in explaining the importance of this port. Analysis of the case of Cozumel from various perspectives confirmed a functional economy that is specialized in the service industries. In addition, the presence of a population with advanced training in dealing with tourists has also been a substantial factor in the prominence that Cozumel has achieved about tourism attraction.
科苏梅尔岛(墨西哥)在加勒比海的地理位置赋予了它适合旅游活动的自然资源。酒店和其他景点的基础设施都是高质量的。然而,墨西哥海岸的一些港口与科苏梅尔港相对相似,但根本无法与之竞争。这表明,有利的自然环境和创新的设施并不总是足以在国际游轮的航线上取得一席之地。本研究的主要目的是根据循环累积因果关系理论和发展的空间扩散效应等具体模型,找出解释科苏梅尔优势的其他因素。这里建议,专门从事旅游业的经济结构将是解释该港口重要性的另一个决定性因素。从多个角度对科苏梅尔的案例进行分析,证实了以服务业为主的功能经济。此外,科苏梅尔在吸引旅游方面取得突出成就的一个重要因素是,这里的居民在与游客打交道方面受过高级训练。
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引用次数: 0
Do público ao privado: a transição do modelo de negócios ferroviários no Brasil 1930- 2015 从公共到私营:1930- 2015年巴西铁路商业模式的转变
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6384
Ivanil Nunes
The Brazilian railway system is marked early by the state presence that now intervenes directly, or indirectly, throughout the six phases considered here. In the last of them a private structure prevailed. The objective of this study is to analyze three of these phases, starting in 1931, when the state started to appropriate these companies; to modify them structurally (between 1961-1991); and to return them to the private sector from 1991 onwards. At that time, they were able to perform new functions: to serve a select group of customers and their respective products, employing a minimum number of workers. The lines delivered to ‘privatization’ in the 1990s were completely different from the deficit lines, which were nationalized in the 1940s and 1950s. After four decades of direct state intervention, the railways had been reinvented, operating under another logic: “Minimal railroad”, which eventually restimulated private entrepreneurs to return to the sector!
巴西铁路系统早期的标志是国家的存在,现在在这里考虑的六个阶段直接或间接地进行干预。在他们中的最后一个,私人结构占了上风。本研究的目的是分析其中的三个阶段,从1931年开始,当时国家开始批准这些公司;对它们进行结构修饰(1961-1991年间);并从1991年起将其归还私营部门。当时,他们能够履行新的职能:为选定的客户群及其各自的产品提供服务,雇佣最少数量的工人。20世纪90年代交付给“私有化”的额度与20世纪40年代和50年代国有化的赤字额度完全不同。经过40年的国家直接干预,铁路得到了重塑,在另一种逻辑下运营:“最小铁路”,这最终刺激了私营企业家重返该行业!
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引用次数: 0
Prácticas espaciales comunes: movilidad de los hogares migrantes pobres en el área central de Iquique 共同的空间做法:伊基克中部地区贫困移民家庭的流动
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6396
Pedro Antonio Palma Calorio, Gricel Maria Labbé Céspedes
The key elements behind the choice of a residential unit by a group or individual, may affect in a positive or negative way the different types of mobility that are carried out over the territories through several spatial practices. When these mobilities present difficulties at the time of moving, either physical (commuting), social, cultural, etc., these practices become complex. The present study hopes to grasp this reality from the choosing of the residendial unit and the quotidian mobility, focusing analysis on low-income Latin American migrant homes, and how they move across the area, modifying territories, primarily on the central area of the city of Iquique. Using fieldnotes and in-depth interviews, this work analyses the impact and costs that the choices of location have in the city, regarding the experiences and daily life of the poor migrant homes.
一个群体或个人选择住宅单元背后的关键因素可能会以积极或消极的方式影响通过几种空间实践在领土上进行的不同类型的流动。当这些流动性在移动时带来困难时,无论是身体(通勤)、社会、文化等,这些做法都会变得复杂。本研究希望通过选择居住单元和日常流动性来把握这一现实,重点分析低收入拉丁美洲移民的住房,以及他们如何在该地区流动,改变领土,主要是在伊基克市的中心地区。通过实地调查和深入访谈,这项工作分析了城市中的地点选择对贫困移民家庭的体验和日常生活的影响和成本。
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引用次数: 1
Inversión pública y plusvalías urbanas. Análisis espacial y efectos no lineales de la proximidad de la red de subterráneos sobre los precios de la vivienda en Buenos Aires 公共投资和城市资本收益。布宜诺斯艾利斯地下网络邻近性对房价的空间分析和非线性影响
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6394
S. Rosanovich, Ana Paula Di Giovambattista
As regards the capture and recovery of urban capital gains, one of the requirements for the design of public policy is the identification not only of the measure of the effect but also of the universe of affected properties as a result of urban development. In this article, the selling offers of apartments in Buenos Aires are analyzed in relation to its localization and distance to the subway network. Furthermore, for the first time a non-linear hedonic price model with spatial dependence is implemented in order to show the impact over real-estate market using a new dataset of selling prices. The presence of a non-linear effect of the price per square meter based on the distance to the subway stations is verified, negative for the range between 0 and 200 meters (-5%) and positive for the range of 300 to 600 meters (+3,6%). In addition, a detailed description of the current heterogeneities between subway lines is included, stressing the differences in the spatial distribution of house prices, partially determined by the attributes (v.g. vigilance, swimming pool, gym) of the buildings in the different neighborhoods of the city.
关于城市资本收益的获取和回收,公共政策设计的要求之一不仅要确定影响的衡量标准,还要确定城市发展所产生的受影响财产的范围。在这篇文章中,分析了布宜诺斯艾利斯公寓的销售报价与其本地化和距离地铁网络的关系。此外,首次实现了具有空间相关性的非线性特征价格模型,以使用新的销售价格数据集来显示对房地产市场的影响。验证了基于到地铁站的距离的每平方米价格的非线性效应的存在,0米至200米范围为负(-5%),300米至600米范围为正(+3,6%)。此外,还详细描述了目前地铁线路之间的异质性,强调了房价空间分布的差异,部分由城市不同街区建筑的属性(如警惕性、游泳池、健身房)决定。
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引用次数: 2
A topologia das linhas aéreas no Brasil: novas lógicas do poder territorial 巴西航空公司的拓扑结构:领土权力的新逻辑
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6385
A. Pereira, Hervé Théry
Discussing the business strategies in the Brazilian air transport sector requires an analysis about the performance of the main companies in this market: Latam Airlines, Gol Airlines, Avianca Brazil and Azul Brazilian Airlines. The activities of these companies are concentrated in the main airports of Brazil, especially in the fixed airports located in the Concentrated Region of the country. The territorial configuration of flights is a trend that comes from the performance of the old company Varig Brazilian Airlines, which centralized its flights in the main hubs of Brazil, starting from a regional base until becoming recognized worldwide before going bankrupt, causing the shrinkage of its air network and defining an end point in its expansion. Today, it is observed that there is a new logic of capital that has redefined this flights aerial topology with a distribution from the airports located in the Concentrated Region of the country. There is a territorial rearticulation, based on a relative decentralization of the national connections in a process of valorization of the regional scale, like the company Azul Brazilian Airlines, that increased exponentially the service of air transport in those places where there was an underutilized demand. Thus, this article aims, based on a historical-geographical approach, to analyze and discuss the Brazilian air sector as a way to verify how the strategy articulates the dynamics of capital to a territorial power.
讨论巴西航空运输部门的业务战略需要分析该市场主要公司的业绩:Latam航空公司,Gol航空公司,Avianca巴西和Azul巴西航空公司。这些公司的活动集中在巴西的主要机场,特别是位于该国集中地区的固定机场。航班的地域配置是一种趋势,来自于老公司Varig巴西航空公司的表现,该公司将航班集中在巴西的主要枢纽,从一个地区基地开始,直到在破产之前得到全球认可,导致其航空网络萎缩,并定义了其扩张的终点。今天,可以观察到,有一种新的资本逻辑重新定义了这个航班的空中拓扑结构,分布在该国集中地区的机场。在区域规模稳定的过程中,基于国家联系的相对分散,出现了领土的重新整合,比如巴西蔚蓝航空公司,在那些需求未充分利用的地方,以指数方式增加了航空运输服务。因此,本文旨在基于历史-地理方法,分析和讨论巴西航空部门,以验证该战略如何阐明资本对领土权力的动态。
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引用次数: 0
A navegação de cabotagem no Brasil: uma análise geográfica da conjuntura do modal no início do século XXI 巴西的沿海航行:21世纪初模态交汇的地理学分析
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6382
R. O. Fonseca
Circulation is one of the elements intrinsic to productive processes and is established as one of the premises of the current period oriented by the globalized capitalist rationality. In this sense, every modality of transportation becomes an imperative component of contemporaneity. This article aims at analyzing some points of the current situation of cabotage in Brazil, a maritime modal of transportation, which can be understood as an object that constitutes the dynamics of circulation of the material flows in the country. This analysis aims to expand the understanding of the relations between use, regulation and organization of the territory contemplating: the role of circulation and its importance in structuring the territory, the recent state actions for this modality of transport, the contemporary statistics on the circulation of goods by cabotage, the main fixed, flows and space circuits of the production that uses the modal, as well as the main Brazilian company that operates in cabotage today. Finally, some final considerations suggest that cabotage could be expanded to benefit from the physical characteristics of the national territory, especially by the fact that Brazil has an immense coastline that is linked to a predominantly coastal population.
流通是生产过程的内在要素之一,是以全球化资本主义理性为导向的当代前提之一。从这个意义上说,每一种交通方式都成为当代不可或缺的组成部分。本文旨在分析巴西沿海运输的现状,这是一种海上运输方式,可以理解为构成该国物质流动动力学的一个对象。本分析旨在扩大对领土使用、监管和组织之间关系的理解,思考:流通的作用及其在领土结构中的重要性,最近国家对这种运输方式的行动,沿海货物流通的当代统计数据,使用模态的生产流程和空间回路,以及今天在沿海地区运营的主要巴西公司。最后,一些最后的考虑因素表明,沿海权可以扩大,以受益于国家领土的物理特征,特别是巴西拥有巨大的海岸线,与主要的沿海人口相连。
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引用次数: 0
El lente de la movilidad. Un análisis de Villa 15, sus características de segregación y las prácticas cotidianas de sus habitantes 移动的镜头。对Villa 15的分析,它的隔离特征和居民的日常实践
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I20.6398
Denise Brikman
Este articulo se propone analizar las caracteristicas de segregacion socio-espacial de Villa 15, desde un abordaje que articula un enfoque macro -patrones de segregacion- y micro –mirada centrada en los actores– de dicha problematica. Buscamos plantear teorica y metodologicamente un modo de abordar y comprender en profundidad las caracteristicas de un territorio denominado segregado. Para ello trabajamos con distintos niveles de analisis: el proceso historico que conforma un territorio particular con ciertas caracteristicas, la estructura socio-urbana actual a partir de diversos indicadores (sociales y caracteristicas fisicas-urbanas) y las practicas de movilidad cotidiana de los residentes de Villa 15 como lente que nos permite profundizar sobre los usos de la ciudad y el barrio por parte de sus habitantes y su relacion con las caracteristicas del territorio. Las practicas cotidianas son entendidas como enfoque, pero tambien, como catalizador de las desigualdades urbanas, lo cual supone una relacion dialectica y de mutua influencia entre las caracteristicas del territorio y las practicas de movilidad cotidiana de los habitantes.
本文的目的是分析Villa 15的社会空间隔离特征,从一种明确的方法——隔离的宏观模式——和以行动者为中心的微观视角——来解决这个问题。我们试图从理论上和方法论上提出一种方法来深入理解被称为隔离的领土的特征。为此我们与不同层次的分析:历史与领土,特别是同某些caracteristicas socio-urbana结构当前各种社会指标(起caracteristicas fisicas-urbanas)和调动居民的日常实践别墅15镜头,使我们能够加深对城市和居民区使用其领土的居民和caracteristicas的关系。日常实践被理解为一种方法,但也被理解为城市不平等的催化剂,这意味着领土特征和居民日常流动性实践之间的辩证关系和相互影响。
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引用次数: 0
La incidencia de la accesibilidad al transporte público en el nivel de empleo en la Región Gran Buenos Aires: un modelo de regresión lineal 公共交通可达性对大布宜诺斯艾利斯地区就业水平的影响:线性回归模型
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.34096/RTT.I18.4936
Alejandro Yomal
Aproximadamente, uno de cada cuatro trabajadores residentes de partidos del Gran Buenos Aires (GBA) se desplaza a la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) para trabajar. Estos desplazamientos implican un tiempo de viaje mas prolongado y un mayor costo monetario para los bonaerenses, en promedio, que para los residentes de CABA, que trabajan dentro de su propio distrito en un 89% de los casos. Mediante un modelo de regresion lineal –construido con datos del Censo Nacional de Poblacion, Hogares y Viviendas 2010, datos de la Encuesta de Movilidad Domiciliaria 2009-2010 (ENMODO), y un Indice de Accesibilidad al Transporte Publico (IATP) de caracter multidimensional– este estudio pretende inferir que el nivel de accesibilidad al transporte publico por parte de los hogares tiene incidencia significativa en los indices de desocupacion a nivel radio censal en la Region Gran Buenos Aires (RGBA).
大约四分之一的大布宜诺斯艾利斯政党(GBA)的常驻工人前往布宜诺斯艾利斯自治市(CABA)工作。与CABA居民相比,这些旅行意味着平均而言,布宜诺斯艾利斯居民的旅行时间更长,货币成本更高,89%的情况下,CABA居民在自己的地区工作。使用线性回归模型——由2010年全国人口普查、家庭和住房数据、2009-2010年住房流动性调查数据(ENMODO)构建,多维公共交通可达性指数(IATP)——本研究旨在推断,在大布宜诺斯艾利斯地区(RGBA)的人口普查范围内,家庭可达性水平对失业指数有显著影响。
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引用次数: 2
Avance de la frontera agraria moderna y difusión de nuevos sistemas técnicos. La creación y reestructuración de infraestructuras de transporte y almacenamiento de granos en el norte cordobés 现代农业前沿的发展和新技术体系的传播。科尔多瓦北部粮食运输和储存基础设施的建立和重组
IF 0.1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.34096/rtt.i18.4940
Esteban Salizzi
The territorial expansion of the agribusiness productive model marked the opening of so-called modern agrarian frontiers in Argentina at the end of the 20th century. It is a complex process of spatial transformation that was mainly expressed in the country through the spread of soybean cultivation, which extended its surface from 5 to 20 million hectares between 1990 and 2015. The present article aims to make a contribution to the study of the characteristics adopted by this phenomenon, taking as reference the case of the northern departments of the province of Cordoba (Rio Seco, Sobremonte and Tulumba) during that period. It focusses on the diffusion of new technical systems, considering the creation and restructuring of transport and storage infrastructures in the study area. It analyzes a set of technical objects that make viable -and evidence- the concretion of the project of occupation and use of the space of the large agroindustrial companies, whose main purpose is to ensure a greater movement and fluidity for the export of agricultural commodities.
农业综合企业生产模式的领土扩张标志着20世纪末阿根廷所谓的现代农业边界的开放。这是一个复杂的空间转换过程,主要通过大豆种植在该国表现出来,1990年至2015年间,大豆种植面积从500万公顷扩大到2000万公顷。本文旨在以科尔多瓦省北部省份(里奥塞科、索布雷蒙特和图伦巴)在这一时期的情况为参考,为研究这一现象所具有的特征做出贡献。它侧重于新技术系统的传播,考虑到研究领域运输和储存基础设施的创建和重组。它分析了一系列技术对象,这些对象使大型农工业公司的空间占用和使用项目的具体化成为可行和证据,其主要目的是确保农产品出口的更大流动性。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista de Transporte y Territorio
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