The following interviews were conducted during the field work of my doctoral thesis, funded by the University of Reading. Interviews were conducted face to face in the summer of 2019 in Bizkaia. Both interviewees were over 90 years old when interviewed and lived through the state repression suffered under Franco’s regime following their childhood exile. The fear that they endured remained latent. These excerpts are parts of interviews relating to their personal experience of childhood exile in the context of the Spanish Civil War. When the war intensified on the northern front with the bombing of the civilian population (specifically the bombings of Otxandio in July 1936 and Gernika in April 1937), the Basque Government of the Second Spanish Republic organized the so-called ‘expediciones infantiles’ (‘childhood expeditions’) for the evacuation of children. These first-person testimonies show how these children lived their experience of exile as refugees and their subsequent integration into Franco’s Spain, a hostile space for them, as the evacuated children were considered traitors, ‘los hijos de los rojos’ (‘the children of Reds’).
以下访谈是我在雷丁大学资助下完成博士论文的实地工作期间进行的。访谈于 2019 年夏天在比斯开亚面对面进行。两位受访者在接受采访时都已年过九旬，在童年流亡之后，他们经历了佛朗哥政权的国家镇压。他们所承受的恐惧仍然潜伏在心底。这些摘录是他们在西班牙内战背景下流亡童年的个人经历的部分访谈内容。当战争在北部前线加剧，平民遭到轰炸时（特别是 1936 年 7 月对奥特桑迪奥的轰炸和 1937 年 4 月对格尔尼卡的轰炸），西班牙第二共和国巴斯克政府组织了所谓的 "童年远征"（expediciones infantiles），以疏散儿童。这些第一人称的证词展示了这些儿童作为难民的流亡经历，以及他们后来如何融入佛朗哥的西班牙，这对他们来说是一个充满敌意的空间，因为撤离的儿童被视为叛徒、"红军的孩子"（los hijos de los rojos）。
{"title":"Memories of the Spanish Civil War, exile and political repression under Franco: Basque children’s personal testimonies (1936–40)","authors":"Begoña Garrido","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00123_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00123_7","url":null,"abstract":"The following interviews were conducted during the field work of my doctoral thesis, funded by the University of Reading. Interviews were conducted face to face in the summer of 2019 in Bizkaia. Both interviewees were over 90 years old when interviewed and lived through the state repression suffered under Franco’s regime following their childhood exile. The fear that they endured remained latent. These excerpts are parts of interviews relating to their personal experience of childhood exile in the context of the Spanish Civil War. When the war intensified on the northern front with the bombing of the civilian population (specifically the bombings of Otxandio in July 1936 and Gernika in April 1937), the Basque Government of the Second Spanish Republic organized the so-called ‘expediciones infantiles’ (‘childhood expeditions’) for the evacuation of children. These first-person testimonies show how these children lived their experience of exile as refugees and their subsequent integration into Franco’s Spain, a hostile space for them, as the evacuated children were considered traitors, ‘los hijos de los rojos’ (‘the children of Reds’).","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140399802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing success of far-right political parties like Vox in Spain has attracted multiple studies that try to analyse this phenomenon. This article takes an intersectional approach to analyse the neo-imperial nature of Vox’s discourses and symbology together with the public construction of Santiago Abascal’s hypermasculinity. Thus, employing a decolonial theoretical framework, this study examines the triumph, symbology and construction of hegemonic masculinity in Vox, not only from an identity perspective derived from the patriarchal system but also from the post-imperial condition of contemporary Spain. Through close readings of Abascal’s social media posts, this article examines the instrumentalization of an imperial imaginary for the construction of an anti-Catalan and neo-colonial nationalism. Ultimately, the post-imperial images used by Vox function as affective devices for the construction of masculinity through appealing to the hero and his conquering enterprise that entails a violent ontology of domination of an Other.
{"title":"Imaginarios neo-colonizadores, Santiago Abascal y discursos (post)imperiales en redes sociales","authors":"Celia Martínez Sáez","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00122_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00122_1","url":null,"abstract":"The growing success of far-right political parties like Vox in Spain has attracted multiple studies that try to analyse this phenomenon. This article takes an intersectional approach to analyse the neo-imperial nature of Vox’s discourses and symbology together with the public construction of Santiago Abascal’s hypermasculinity. Thus, employing a decolonial theoretical framework, this study examines the triumph, symbology and construction of hegemonic masculinity in Vox, not only from an identity perspective derived from the patriarchal system but also from the post-imperial condition of contemporary Spain. Through close readings of Abascal’s social media posts, this article examines the instrumentalization of an imperial imaginary for the construction of an anti-Catalan and neo-colonial nationalism. Ultimately, the post-imperial images used by Vox function as affective devices for the construction of masculinity through appealing to the hero and his conquering enterprise that entails a violent ontology of domination of an Other.","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This piece serves as the introduction by the new joint editors of the International Journal of Iberian Studies (IJIS), Dr Deirdre Kelly (Technological University Dublin, Ireland) and Dr Anton Pujol (University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States). They highlight the journal’s esteemed history, introduce the new members of the IJIS editorial board and advisory board and thank the outgoing editors. The new editors emphasize their commitment to upholding and expanding IJIS as a primary reference in Iberian studies, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, and pushing the boundaries of scholarship. They express a dedication to maintaining high academic standards, fostering diversity in content and contributors, and encouraging submissions that explore overlooked Iberian-related topics. The co-editors outline their vision for the journal, emphasizing inclusivity, international collaboration, and engagement with contemporary challenges in the Iberian Peninsula. The article concludes with an invitation for researchers worldwide to contribute to IJIS, ensuring its growth, diversity and continued relevance.
这篇文章是《伊比利亚研究国际期刊》（IJIS）新任联合编辑 Deirdre Kelly 博士（爱尔兰都柏林科技大学）和 Anton Pujol 博士（美国北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校）的序言。他们重点介绍了该期刊令人尊敬的历史，介绍了 IJIS 编辑委员会和顾问委员会的新成员，并对即将离任的编辑表示感谢。新任编辑强调，他们将致力于维护和扩大 IJIS 作为伊比利亚研究主要参考资料的地位，促进跨学科合作，推动学术研究的发展。他们表示将致力于保持高学术标准，促进内容和投稿人的多样性，并鼓励投稿探讨被忽视的伊比利亚相关主题。联合编辑概述了他们对该期刊的愿景，强调包容性、国际合作以及应对伊比利亚半岛的当代挑战。文章最后邀请世界各地的研究人员为 IJIS 投稿，以确保其发展、多样性和持续相关性。
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Drawing from Deleuze and Guattari’s geophilosophy, Patricia Pisters adopts the term ‘metallurgical’ to describe the filmmaking of contemporary directors of political cinema who exploit the unprecedented opportunities afforded by digital technology to recycle and remediate transnational visual archives. Similarly, in the light of Deleuze’s meditations on modern film in Cinema 2: The Time-Image (1989), Pisters identifies metallurgical filmmaking with the ‘forging’ of a supra-national ‘world memory’ and a liberated ‘people to come’. My interest in this article is to ponder the extent to which these concepts might be useful for analysing the intermedial documentaries of Portuguese filmmaker, Susana de Sousa Dias (1962–present). More specifically, I am interested in exploring how Sousa Dias’ work with archival photographs of political prisoners in her early film Still Life (2005) might suggest both an ‘interruption’ of a chronological national history and, at the same time, an appeal to the suppressed social memory of a ‘missing people’ from Portugal’s dictatorial past. To elucidate this premise, I propose that the mugshots function as symbolic counterpoints to the transcontinental ‘patriotic masses’ of regime propaganda with which they are intercut in the film. By extension, I also propose that they evoke the de-individuated memorial consciousness associated with a ‘world memory’.
{"title":"Visualizing a ‘missing people’ in Sousa Dias’ Still Life: The filmmaker as metallurgist","authors":"David Rojinsky","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00120_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00120_1","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing from Deleuze and Guattari’s geophilosophy, Patricia Pisters adopts the term ‘metallurgical’ to describe the filmmaking of contemporary directors of political cinema who exploit the unprecedented opportunities afforded by digital technology to recycle and remediate transnational visual archives. Similarly, in the light of Deleuze’s meditations on modern film in Cinema 2: The Time-Image (1989), Pisters identifies metallurgical filmmaking with the ‘forging’ of a supra-national ‘world memory’ and a liberated ‘people to come’. My interest in this article is to ponder the extent to which these concepts might be useful for analysing the intermedial documentaries of Portuguese filmmaker, Susana de Sousa Dias (1962–present). More specifically, I am interested in exploring how Sousa Dias’ work with archival photographs of political prisoners in her early film Still Life (2005) might suggest both an ‘interruption’ of a chronological national history and, at the same time, an appeal to the suppressed social memory of a ‘missing people’ from Portugal’s dictatorial past. To elucidate this premise, I propose that the mugshots function as symbolic counterpoints to the transcontinental ‘patriotic masses’ of regime propaganda with which they are intercut in the film. By extension, I also propose that they evoke the de-individuated memorial consciousness associated with a ‘world memory’.","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Legacies of the Portuguese Colonial Empire: Nationalism, Citizenship and Popular Culture, Elsa Peralta and Nuno Domingos (eds) (2023) London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 288 pp., ISBN 978-1-35028-977-2, h/bk, £85
{"title":"Legacies of the Portuguese Colonial Empire: Nationalism, Citizenship and Popular Culture, Elsa Peralta and Nuno Domingos (eds) (2023)","authors":"João Moreira da Silva","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00126_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00126_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Legacies of the Portuguese Colonial Empire: Nationalism, Citizenship and Popular Culture, Elsa Peralta and Nuno Domingos (eds) (2023)\u0000 London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 288 pp.,\u0000 ISBN 978-1-35028-977-2, h/bk, £85","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Feeling Sick: The Early Years of Aids in Spain, Dean Allbritton (2023) Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 224 pp., ISBN 978-1-80207-804-6, h/bk, £95
{"title":"Feeling Sick: The Early Years of Aids in Spain, Dean Allbritton (2023)","authors":"Duncan Wheeler","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00124_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00124_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Feeling Sick: The Early Years of Aids in Spain, Dean Allbritton (2023)\u0000 Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 224 pp.,\u0000 ISBN 978-1-80207-804-6, h/bk, £95","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the decade before the First World War, Spain failed in its attempt to establish an independent role in the fierce competition between the French, British and German Empires for influence in the Western Mediterranean. The exercise of informal power by France and Britain forced Spain’s Restoration elites to conform to British and French imperial interests in France’s colonization of Morocco. The article suggests Spain’s governing parties were unable to manage the essential mediating role for collaborating elites in informal empires, as defined by Ronald Robinson, between the demands of the imperial powers and the political pressures arising from changing social forces within the country. Spain’s dilemma was an early example of the conflict that faced many newly independent colonies later in the twentieth century: how to reconcile the growing aspirations for national self-determination in a world dominated by competing imperial powers, themselves increasingly facing internal contradictions and crises.
{"title":"The impact on Spain of Anglo-French informal imperialism in the colonization of Morocco, 1898–1914","authors":"N. Sharman","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00121_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00121_1","url":null,"abstract":"In the decade before the First World War, Spain failed in its attempt to establish an independent role in the fierce competition between the French, British and German Empires for influence in the Western Mediterranean. The exercise of informal power by France and Britain forced Spain’s Restoration elites to conform to British and French imperial interests in France’s colonization of Morocco. The article suggests Spain’s governing parties were unable to manage the essential mediating role for collaborating elites in informal empires, as defined by Ronald Robinson, between the demands of the imperial powers and the political pressures arising from changing social forces within the country. Spain’s dilemma was an early example of the conflict that faced many newly independent colonies later in the twentieth century: how to reconcile the growing aspirations for national self-determination in a world dominated by competing imperial powers, themselves increasingly facing internal contradictions and crises.","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140399447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cinema is a powerful tool for depicting and critically addressing the dual nature of identity (composed of both individual and social traits). This article analyses two underrated titles of the post-2005 wave of Basque-language cinema: Pikadero (Sharrock 2015) and Oreina (The Deer) (Almandoz 2018). In both films, certain liminal third spaces – the ‘non-places’ coined by Augé and the ‘in-between’ spaces formulated by Bhabha – seem to interact with the misfit characters, who live between rootedness and lack of belonging within a new social context created by the influx of migrants and the economic crisis in the Basque Country. The article argues that these on-screen third spaces (mainly the railway station and the peripheral marshlands in Pikadero and The Deer, respectively) become a kind of resilient deuteragonist in their own right, i.e. witnesses or accomplices to the protagonists’ wanderings and their shallow and fleeting relationships. There is, however, a difference between the non-places featured in Pikadero, which mainly evoke solitude and similarity, and those in-between spaces present in The Deer. The latter appear as metaphorical hybrid places that can harbour otherness and foster collective solidarity, thus playing a role in shaping the new centrality of Basque identity.
{"title":"On shifting sands: Exploring the role of the third space in new Basque cinema’s Pikadero and Oreina","authors":"Beñat Doxandabaratz","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00119_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00119_1","url":null,"abstract":"Cinema is a powerful tool for depicting and critically addressing the dual nature of identity (composed of both individual and social traits). This article analyses two underrated titles of the post-2005 wave of Basque-language cinema: Pikadero (Sharrock 2015) and Oreina (The Deer) (Almandoz 2018). In both films, certain liminal third spaces – the ‘non-places’ coined by Augé and the ‘in-between’ spaces formulated by Bhabha – seem to interact with the misfit characters, who live between rootedness and lack of belonging within a new social context created by the influx of migrants and the economic crisis in the Basque Country. The article argues that these on-screen third spaces (mainly the railway station and the peripheral marshlands in Pikadero and The Deer, respectively) become a kind of resilient deuteragonist in their own right, i.e. witnesses or accomplices to the protagonists’ wanderings and their shallow and fleeting relationships. There is, however, a difference between the non-places featured in Pikadero, which mainly evoke solitude and similarity, and those in-between spaces present in The Deer. The latter appear as metaphorical hybrid places that can harbour otherness and foster collective solidarity, thus playing a role in shaping the new centrality of Basque identity.","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140400785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: The Cinema of Manoel de Oliveira: Modernity, Intermediality and the Uncanny, Hajnal Király (2022) New York: Bloomsbury, 192 pp., ISBN 978-1-50137-865-2, h/bk, $110.00 ISBN 978-1-50137-862-1, p/bk, $39.95 ISBN 978-1-50137-863-8, e-book – pdf, $35.95 ISBN 978-1-50137-864-5, e-book – e-pub & mobi, $35.95
评论The Cinema of Manoel de Oliveira: Modernity, Intermediality and the Uncanny, Hajnal Király (2022) New York：192 pp., ISBN 978-1-50137-865-2, h/bk, $110.00 ISBN 978-1-50137-862-1, p/bk, $39.95 ISBN 978-1-50137-863-8, e-book - pdf, $35.95 ISBN 978-1-50137-864-5, e-book - e-pub & mobi, $35.95
{"title":"The Cinema of Manoel de Oliveira: Modernity, Intermediality and the Uncanny, Hajnal Király (2022)","authors":"Pedro Camacho Costa","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00127_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00127_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: The Cinema of Manoel de Oliveira: Modernity, Intermediality and the Uncanny, Hajnal Király (2022)\u0000 New York: Bloomsbury, 192 pp.,\u0000 ISBN 978-1-50137-865-2, h/bk, $110.00\u0000 ISBN 978-1-50137-862-1, p/bk, $39.95\u0000 ISBN 978-1-50137-863-8, e-book – pdf, $35.95\u0000 ISBN 978-1-50137-864-5, e-book – e-pub & mobi, $35.95","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140403987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Matilde de la Torre: Sex, Socialism, and Suffrage in Republican Spain, Deborah Madden (2022) Oxford: Legenda, 188 pp., ISBN 978-1-83954-085-1, h/bk, £85
回顾：Matilde de la Torre：共和时期西班牙的性别、社会主义和选举权》，Deborah Madden（2022 年），牛津：Legenda, 188 pp.
{"title":"Matilde de la Torre: Sex, Socialism, and Suffrage in Republican Spain, Deborah Madden (2022)","authors":"Roberta Quance","doi":"10.1386/ijis_00125_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00125_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Matilde de la Torre: Sex, Socialism, and Suffrage in Republican Spain, Deborah Madden (2022)\u0000 Oxford: Legenda, 188 pp.,\u0000 ISBN 978-1-83954-085-1, h/bk, £85","PeriodicalId":41910,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IBERIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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