{"title":"Life course as an identity component of the last Soviet generation in Lithuania\u00001","authors":"Sigita Kraniauskien","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88678567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.30965/18763324-bja10043
Roman Bugaev, M. Piskunov, T. Rakov
The founding of Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk in the late 1950s features prominently in the historiography of the Thaw and the general turn of Soviet science to the eastern parts of the country. This article puts this story into the context of the formation of modern “green” ideas in the late Soviet Union and reconsiders the relationship between humans and nature, along with the definition of nature itself. Akademgorodok produced a telling visual perspective: the architectural plan for the city dictated that its scientific, industrial, and living zones were drowned deep in the taiga. Architects named this type of urban planning “diffusive,” and memoirists described it as a “Forest City.” Using the term of Sheila Jasanoff, we designate this “Forest City” as a sociotechnical imaginary of Akademgorodok. Our aim is to study the historical roots of the “Forest City” and how it became a collective imaginary. How did it happen that in the 1950s and 1960s, when the “faces” of Soviet cities were defined by districts of standard panel houses, that a city was built near Novosibirsk in which so much attention was given to pre-human flora, fauna, and landscapes? What ideas and intellectual contexts composed the concept of Akademgorodok as a “Forest City”? Our answer possesses two dimensions. First, the rejection of the use of decorative elements in housing construction in the post-Stalin epoch stimulated architects to pay more attention to the greening of cities. They revived the concept of a “garden city” proposed by Ebenezer Howard on a new level. Second, the evolution of the ideas of Mikhail Lavrentyev, the founder of Akademgorodok, who upon arrival in Siberia applied the productivist program manifested in the slogan “Siberia is a treasure of resources,” but later changed his opinion to more “green” views under the influence of the so-called “Baikal Discussion.” The viewpoints of Lavrentyev influenced the design of this “center” of Siberian science, and then he formulated the idea of a “Forest City.” These contexts enable the utopian horizons and the search for models of a constructed future that were typical of the Thaw era to reflect upon the important challenges of the contemporary Anthropocene.
{"title":"Footpaths of the Late-Soviet Environmental Turn: The “Forest City” of Novosibirsk’s Akademgorodok as a Sociotechnical Imaginary","authors":"Roman Bugaev, M. Piskunov, T. Rakov","doi":"10.30965/18763324-bja10043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763324-bja10043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The founding of Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk in the late 1950s features prominently in the historiography of the Thaw and the general turn of Soviet science to the eastern parts of the country. This article puts this story into the context of the formation of modern “green” ideas in the late Soviet Union and reconsiders the relationship between humans and nature, along with the definition of nature itself. Akademgorodok produced a telling visual perspective: the architectural plan for the city dictated that its scientific, industrial, and living zones were drowned deep in the taiga. Architects named this type of urban planning “diffusive,” and memoirists described it as a “Forest City.” Using the term of Sheila Jasanoff, we designate this “Forest City” as a sociotechnical imaginary of Akademgorodok.\u0000Our aim is to study the historical roots of the “Forest City” and how it became a collective imaginary. How did it happen that in the 1950s and 1960s, when the “faces” of Soviet cities were defined by districts of standard panel houses, that a city was built near Novosibirsk in which so much attention was given to pre-human flora, fauna, and landscapes? What ideas and intellectual contexts composed the concept of Akademgorodok as a “Forest City”? Our answer possesses two dimensions. First, the rejection of the use of decorative elements in housing construction in the post-Stalin epoch stimulated architects to pay more attention to the greening of cities. They revived the concept of a “garden city” proposed by Ebenezer Howard on a new level. Second, the evolution of the ideas of Mikhail Lavrentyev, the founder of Akademgorodok, who upon arrival in Siberia applied the productivist program manifested in the slogan “Siberia is a treasure of resources,” but later changed his opinion to more “green” views under the influence of the so-called “Baikal Discussion.” The viewpoints of Lavrentyev influenced the design of this “center” of Siberian science, and then he formulated the idea of a “Forest City.” These contexts enable the utopian horizons and the search for models of a constructed future that were typical of the Thaw era to reflect upon the important challenges of the contemporary Anthropocene.","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Particularities of the behavioural models of the last Soviet generation\u00001","authors":"Laima Žilinskien","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86805171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soviet dystopia","authors":"Neringa Klumbyt","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83070635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of religious experience in the formation of life choices, social attitudes and behaviour models of different generations in Lithuania","authors":"Irena Egl Laumenskait","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75188305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.4324/9781003023050-10
Laima Žilinskien
{"title":"Communicative family memory across generations","authors":"Laima Žilinskien","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83064165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying the 1970s generation\u00001","authors":"Irena Šutinien","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75996626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Social time and generations","authors":"Laima Žilinskien, M. Ilic","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90650574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.30965/18763324-bja10044
Andy Bruno
The Anthropocene implies a planetary shift in the functioning of the systems that regulate life on Earth. Overwhelmed by the human impacts that have physically remade much of the planet’s landscape and changed the chemistry of its air and water, its inhabitants find themselves in a predicament of multiple and overlapping environmental stresses that have pushed Earth into a new geological epoch.1 Unlike the Holocene, which began with the end of the last Ice Age approximately 11,700 years ago, the Anthropocene is of a much more recent provenance. Some scientists have argued for the significance of earlier human impacts such as the advent of fire or agriculture and others point to the transformations in nature use since the start of industrialization in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century. But the most popular proposal to date the start of the Anthropocene demarks the exponential explosion of anthropocentric pressures since the Second World War. This dating makes it coterminous with another novel notion of environmental studies—the Great Acceleration.2 From a scientific standpoint, the concept of the Anthropocene has rapidly gained ground in the twenty-first century. It has gone from an ad-hoc notion bandied about in a conference presentation by renowned chemist Paul Crutzen to a proposal by a working group of the International Commission on
{"title":"Studying the Siberian Anthropocene: An Introduction","authors":"Andy Bruno","doi":"10.30965/18763324-bja10044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/18763324-bja10044","url":null,"abstract":"The Anthropocene implies a planetary shift in the functioning of the systems that regulate life on Earth. Overwhelmed by the human impacts that have physically remade much of the planet’s landscape and changed the chemistry of its air and water, its inhabitants find themselves in a predicament of multiple and overlapping environmental stresses that have pushed Earth into a new geological epoch.1 Unlike the Holocene, which began with the end of the last Ice Age approximately 11,700 years ago, the Anthropocene is of a much more recent provenance. Some scientists have argued for the significance of earlier human impacts such as the advent of fire or agriculture and others point to the transformations in nature use since the start of industrialization in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century. But the most popular proposal to date the start of the Anthropocene demarks the exponential explosion of anthropocentric pressures since the Second World War. This dating makes it coterminous with another novel notion of environmental studies—the Great Acceleration.2 From a scientific standpoint, the concept of the Anthropocene has rapidly gained ground in the twenty-first century. It has gone from an ad-hoc notion bandied about in a conference presentation by renowned chemist Paul Crutzen to a proposal by a working group of the International Commission on","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45515603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The last generation of engineers in Soviet Lithuania\u00001","authors":"Saulius Grybkauskas","doi":"10.4324/9781003023050-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003023050-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41969,"journal":{"name":"Soviet and Post Soviet Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73670620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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