Tomasz Olszak, Olga Rosowiecka, Miroslaw Musiatewicz, Pawel Targosz, Marek Kulpinski, Pawel Krupa, Marcin Stefanski
The project of the gravimetric database reambulation from the collections of the Central Geological Archives set itself the goal of ending the era of gravimetric bases dualism and transferring both databases: gravimetric base and archival gravimetric semi-detailed measurements to the modern frame of gravity reference, consistent with ITGRS/F definitions and realizations. This will strengthen the interpretational potential of gravimetric data and will open the possibility of fully integrating Polish gravity data with international databases of this type, and will also allow for the performance of modern works in relation to the modern gravimetric control network, i.e., in relation to the highest possible precision of the reference definition of gravimetric measurements in the country. Whenever the article refers to the units in which the gravity vector is determined, milliGal [mGal] is used, and the relation to the SI system is as follows: 1mGal = 10–5ms–2 or microGal [µGal] where 1µGal = 10–8ms–2.
{"title":"Modernization of the basic gravimetric control network Polish Geological Institute – implementing a modern international gravimetric system and relationship with the historical Potsdam system","authors":"Tomasz Olszak, Olga Rosowiecka, Miroslaw Musiatewicz, Pawel Targosz, Marek Kulpinski, Pawel Krupa, Marcin Stefanski","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The project of the gravimetric database reambulation from the collections of the Central Geological Archives set itself the goal of ending the era of gravimetric bases dualism and transferring both databases: gravimetric base and archival gravimetric semi-detailed measurements to the modern frame of gravity reference, consistent with ITGRS/F definitions and realizations. This will strengthen the interpretational potential of gravimetric data and will open the possibility of fully integrating Polish gravity data with international databases of this type, and will also allow for the performance of modern works in relation to the modern gravimetric control network, i.e., in relation to the highest possible precision of the reference definition of gravimetric measurements in the country. Whenever the article refers to the units in which the gravity vector is determined, milliGal [mGal] is used, and the relation to the SI system is as follows: 1mGal = 10–5ms–2 or microGal [µGal] where 1µGal = 10–8ms–2.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139524732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The shifting of the shoreline is a natural phenomenon closely related to the existence of watercourses. One of its consequences is the need to periodically update the real estate cadastre with regard to parcel boundaries and their owners. Land use types use are also subject to updates, which bears particular significance in this context. This article presents the most essential practical aspects of establishing the shoreline in Poland, including the identification of property boundaries located in the immediate vicinity of watercourses. The main problems associated with conducting the process of demarcating land under water are discussed using selected technical reports as examples. Attention is drawn to the numbering of parcels resulting from the implementation of the analyzed procedure, as well as the precision of recording surface areas. Moreover, the consequences of changing the natural watercourse shoreline and the limitations imposed on property ownership rights are presented, along with the issue of compensation claims.
{"title":"Technical aspects and consequences of establishing the shoreline in Poland","authors":"Paweł Hanus, P. Benduch","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The shifting of the shoreline is a natural phenomenon closely related to the existence of watercourses. One of its consequences is the need to periodically update the real estate cadastre with regard to parcel boundaries and their owners. Land use types use are also subject to updates, which bears particular significance in this context. This article presents the most essential practical aspects of establishing the shoreline in Poland, including the identification of property boundaries located in the immediate vicinity of watercourses. The main problems associated with conducting the process of demarcating land under water are discussed using selected technical reports as examples. Attention is drawn to the numbering of parcels resulting from the implementation of the analyzed procedure, as well as the precision of recording surface areas. Moreover, the consequences of changing the natural watercourse shoreline and the limitations imposed on property ownership rights are presented, along with the issue of compensation claims.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139194943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the recent decade, Digitilt DataMate II and GK-604D inclinometer systems have commonly been used to evaluate horizontal displacement as well as to test the calculation models of basement diaphragm walls in Vietnam. The difference in the equipment constants as well as the calculation principle has confused the surveyors and even led to erroneous monitoring results. Furthermore, the use of commercial programs DigiPro2 and SiteMater, which are expensive, in inclinometer data processing requires a thorough understanding. Differences in calculation results between software occur due to the choice of the instrument constant, the rounding principle, or the choice of the reference point at the bottom of the monitoring pipe. In this paper, we summarize the calculation principles of Digitilt DataMate II and GK-604D inclinometer systems. To respond well to the data processing of inclinometer systems for basement diaphragm walls in Vietnam, we have developed the ICTool program that can efficiently calculate the observed data of the GK-604D system. The results of inclinometer data processing by the ICTool program are homogeneous in comparison with DigiPro2 and SiteMater software. In addition, the ICTool program was established to provide, free of charge, the communication of the monitoring of basement diaphragm wall displacement in Vietnam.
{"title":"Solution of inclinometer data processing for horizontal displacement: A case study of basement diaphragm wall monitoring in Vietnam","authors":"Tran Dinh Trong, Luong Ngoc Dung, Vu Ngoc Quang","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the recent decade, Digitilt DataMate II and GK-604D inclinometer systems have commonly been used to evaluate horizontal displacement as well as to test the calculation models of basement diaphragm walls in Vietnam. The difference in the equipment constants as well as the calculation principle has confused the surveyors and even led to erroneous monitoring results. Furthermore, the use of commercial programs DigiPro2 and SiteMater, which are expensive, in inclinometer data processing requires a thorough understanding. Differences in calculation results between software occur due to the choice of the instrument constant, the rounding principle, or the choice of the reference point at the bottom of the monitoring pipe. In this paper, we summarize the calculation principles of Digitilt DataMate II and GK-604D inclinometer systems. To respond well to the data processing of inclinometer systems for basement diaphragm walls in Vietnam, we have developed the ICTool program that can efficiently calculate the observed data of the GK-604D system. The results of inclinometer data processing by the ICTool program are homogeneous in comparison with DigiPro2 and SiteMater software. In addition, the ICTool program was established to provide, free of charge, the communication of the monitoring of basement diaphragm wall displacement in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139193804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateusz Matyszewski, P. Lejba, Marcin Jagoda, P. Tysiąc
Abstract Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) is a modern technique used in various research areas and applications related to geodesy and geodynamics. It is commonly used for tasks such as establishing the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), monitoring Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), determining the geocenter, measuring fundamental physical constants, calibrating microwave tracking techniques, conducting time transfer experiments, and studying gravitational and general relativistic effects. Laser measurements of the LARES and LAGEOS satellites are used to determine the relativistic effects acting on these satellites. The objective of the present research is to analyze the perturbing forces of relativistic origin (Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects) acting on the LARES, LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 satellites. By using data from fifteen SLR measurement stations, the precise orbits of these satellites were determined over a span of 840 hours using the GEODYN II orbital software package. The calculation process used a set of procedures, models of forces, and constants that are currently recommended by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) and the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS). Based on the precise orbits of the LARES, LAGEOS-1, and LAGEOS-2 satellites, calculations were made to determine the values of relativistic accelerations acting on these satellites. These values oscillate with a period equal to half of the orbital period for the de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects, and a quarter of the orbital period for the Schwarzschild effect.
{"title":"Satellite Laser Ranging technique as a tool for the determination of the Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects","authors":"Mateusz Matyszewski, P. Lejba, Marcin Jagoda, P. Tysiąc","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) is a modern technique used in various research areas and applications related to geodesy and geodynamics. It is commonly used for tasks such as establishing the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), monitoring Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), determining the geocenter, measuring fundamental physical constants, calibrating microwave tracking techniques, conducting time transfer experiments, and studying gravitational and general relativistic effects. Laser measurements of the LARES and LAGEOS satellites are used to determine the relativistic effects acting on these satellites. The objective of the present research is to analyze the perturbing forces of relativistic origin (Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects) acting on the LARES, LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 satellites. By using data from fifteen SLR measurement stations, the precise orbits of these satellites were determined over a span of 840 hours using the GEODYN II orbital software package. The calculation process used a set of procedures, models of forces, and constants that are currently recommended by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) and the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS). Based on the precise orbits of the LARES, LAGEOS-1, and LAGEOS-2 satellites, calculations were made to determine the values of relativistic accelerations acting on these satellites. These values oscillate with a period equal to half of the orbital period for the de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects, and a quarter of the orbital period for the Schwarzschild effect.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agnieszka Cienciała, Natalia Sajnóg, K. Sobolewska-Mikulska
Abstract Appropriate and sustainable management of land is required to the preserve spatial order and the appropriate use of resources. To make quality decisions in space, as well as to actively manage a resource, it is crucial to be able to use, among others, credible, up-to-date spatial details, including the cadastral data. The question is, however, whether the data inscribed in the cadastre correspond to reality. Among others, the problem of considerable differences between recorded, cadastral and geodetic area (reflecting actual circumstances) of the parcels can be commonly observed, influencing the procedure of real estate appraisal. This research examines the scale of the problem of unreliability of cadastral data regarding the area of parcels. Based on the example of a middle-sized city, analyses of the scale of the problem and an investigation of the types of properties most commonly involved were conducted. Moreover, an analysis of legal acts in force and those already expired, as well as the literature on the subject was performed to determine the permissible differences in the area between relevant records. The influence of the unreliable cadastral data on the procedure of appraisal of real estates was also investigated.
{"title":"Unreliability of cadastral data on parcel area and its effect on sustainable real estate valuation","authors":"Agnieszka Cienciała, Natalia Sajnóg, K. Sobolewska-Mikulska","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Appropriate and sustainable management of land is required to the preserve spatial order and the appropriate use of resources. To make quality decisions in space, as well as to actively manage a resource, it is crucial to be able to use, among others, credible, up-to-date spatial details, including the cadastral data. The question is, however, whether the data inscribed in the cadastre correspond to reality. Among others, the problem of considerable differences between recorded, cadastral and geodetic area (reflecting actual circumstances) of the parcels can be commonly observed, influencing the procedure of real estate appraisal. This research examines the scale of the problem of unreliability of cadastral data regarding the area of parcels. Based on the example of a middle-sized city, analyses of the scale of the problem and an investigation of the types of properties most commonly involved were conducted. Moreover, an analysis of legal acts in force and those already expired, as well as the literature on the subject was performed to determine the permissible differences in the area between relevant records. The influence of the unreliable cadastral data on the procedure of appraisal of real estates was also investigated.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper applies time-frequency analysis to a 3-day time series with a sampling interval of 1 second of the changes in E, N and H coordinates of three permanent GNSS stations: WRON, KR10, and KRUR in Krakow, as well as differences between them. Time-frequency analysis was conducted using a Fourier transform band-pass filter, which separates time series into frequency components. By analyzing the differences between these coordinates, it was observed that the WRON station shows a systematic error in the form of a regular wideband oscillation with a period of 75 minutes, whose amplitude varies from approximately 1 to 3 mm with a period of about 1 day. In the horizontal plane, this oscillation takes the shape of a ˚attened ellipse with a semi-major axis oriented in the northwest direction. The most probable cause of this regular oscillation is the day-to-day variability of the multipath signal environment.
{"title":"Time-frequency analysis of differences between coordinates of three permanent GNSS stations in Krakow","authors":"Wiesław Kosek, Zbigniew Siejka","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper applies time-frequency analysis to a 3-day time series with a sampling interval of 1 second of the changes in E, N and H coordinates of three permanent GNSS stations: WRON, KR10, and KRUR in Krakow, as well as differences between them. Time-frequency analysis was conducted using a Fourier transform band-pass filter, which separates time series into frequency components. By analyzing the differences between these coordinates, it was observed that the WRON station shows a systematic error in the form of a regular wideband oscillation with a period of 75 minutes, whose amplitude varies from approximately 1 to 3 mm with a period of about 1 day. In the horizontal plane, this oscillation takes the shape of a ˚attened ellipse with a semi-major axis oriented in the northwest direction. The most probable cause of this regular oscillation is the day-to-day variability of the multipath signal environment.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK) measurements are currently the most popular surveying method in geodesy. In most countries, there are networks of Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), which form the core of the terrestrial infrastructure that allows for NRTK measurements. In many countries, including Poland, several CORS networks operate in parallel and independently. The paper presents the characteristics of the CORS network in Poland. The results of several day NRTK and Real Time Kinematic (RTK) test measurements performed tied to five CORS networks operating in Poland: ASG-EUPOS, NadowskiNET, SmartNet, TPINETpro, VRSNet.pl, were subjected to a comparative analysis. VRS, FKP, MAC and POJ streams were used in the test measurements. The research mainly concerned the possibility of the occurrence of systematic errors when NRTK and RTK measurements were tied to different CORS networks for the survey of the same points. Conclusions from the comparative analysis of the accuracy and precision of the NRTK and RTK measurement results for each coordinate were also included.
{"title":"Analysis of differences in accuracy of positioning tied to various CORS networks in Poland: Case study","authors":"A. Uznański","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK) measurements are currently the most popular surveying method in geodesy. In most countries, there are networks of Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), which form the core of the terrestrial infrastructure that allows for NRTK measurements. In many countries, including Poland, several CORS networks operate in parallel and independently. The paper presents the characteristics of the CORS network in Poland. The results of several day NRTK and Real Time Kinematic (RTK) test measurements performed tied to five CORS networks operating in Poland: ASG-EUPOS, NadowskiNET, SmartNet, TPINETpro, VRSNet.pl, were subjected to a comparative analysis. VRS, FKP, MAC and POJ streams were used in the test measurements. The research mainly concerned the possibility of the occurrence of systematic errors when NRTK and RTK measurements were tied to different CORS networks for the survey of the same points. Conclusions from the comparative analysis of the accuracy and precision of the NRTK and RTK measurement results for each coordinate were also included.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Buśko, M. Balawejder, Oleksandra Kovalyshyn, Michal Apollo
Abstract Since the early days, cadastral data represent the geographic extent of the past, current, and future rights and interests in real property. Thus, these data are extremely important for the proper development of statehood and society. The article analyses the process of formation of the real estate cadastre in two countries – Poland and Ukraine – from the time of its establishment to the present. Both countries were in the past (and Ukraine still is) victims of various historical events that deprived them of statehood, stability and opportunities for development; therefore, it affected the development of the cadastre and its accessibility to all stakeholders. The authors attempt to answer the question of if and how geographic location and historical conditions can affect the quality and availability of open cadastral data (OCD). After all, our perception of reality is a direct result of processes originating in history. This paper contains comparisons between a post-Soviet (Ukraine) and a post-communist country (Poland) and their path from early cadastral maps to OCD.
{"title":"Do geographic location and historical conditions affect the quality and availability of open cadastral data? From early cadastral maps till now","authors":"M. Buśko, M. Balawejder, Oleksandra Kovalyshyn, Michal Apollo","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since the early days, cadastral data represent the geographic extent of the past, current, and future rights and interests in real property. Thus, these data are extremely important for the proper development of statehood and society. The article analyses the process of formation of the real estate cadastre in two countries – Poland and Ukraine – from the time of its establishment to the present. Both countries were in the past (and Ukraine still is) victims of various historical events that deprived them of statehood, stability and opportunities for development; therefore, it affected the development of the cadastre and its accessibility to all stakeholders. The authors attempt to answer the question of if and how geographic location and historical conditions can affect the quality and availability of open cadastral data (OCD). After all, our perception of reality is a direct result of processes originating in history. This paper contains comparisons between a post-Soviet (Ukraine) and a post-communist country (Poland) and their path from early cadastral maps to OCD.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atınç Pırtı, Ramazan Gürsel Hoşbaş, Mehmet Ali Yücel
Abstract Jamming is electromagnetic radiation or reflection that impairs the function of electronic instruments and equipment or communication tools. Intentionally disrupting or interfering with GPS signals, which are used for positioning, navigation, and timing, known as “GPS jamming”, is accomplished using a radio frequency emitting device. On January 8, 2022 (the day of a NATO exercise), it was investigated how GPS signal jamming affected the position accuracy at three IGS points in Iceland. The obtained coordinate differences between kinematic processing and static processing reached values of about 0.5–10 meters for the MAYV, and HOFN stations in this study. In addition to GPS signal jamming effect in Iceland, horizontal and vertical velocity fields of the three IGS stations in Iceland covering a twenty-two year period (2000–2022) in this study. According to the obtained results, a motion of about 2cm–2.5cm per year (horizontal) and 0.1cm–2.1cm per year (vertical) was computed at the three IGS stations (HOFN, REYK, and MAYV) located in Iceland.
{"title":"Monitoring of Icelandic plate movement with GNSS method and GPS signal jamming effects in Iceland","authors":"Atınç Pırtı, Ramazan Gürsel Hoşbaş, Mehmet Ali Yücel","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Jamming is electromagnetic radiation or reflection that impairs the function of electronic instruments and equipment or communication tools. Intentionally disrupting or interfering with GPS signals, which are used for positioning, navigation, and timing, known as “GPS jamming”, is accomplished using a radio frequency emitting device. On January 8, 2022 (the day of a NATO exercise), it was investigated how GPS signal jamming affected the position accuracy at three IGS points in Iceland. The obtained coordinate differences between kinematic processing and static processing reached values of about 0.5–10 meters for the MAYV, and HOFN stations in this study. In addition to GPS signal jamming effect in Iceland, horizontal and vertical velocity fields of the three IGS stations in Iceland covering a twenty-two year period (2000–2022) in this study. According to the obtained results, a motion of about 2cm–2.5cm per year (horizontal) and 0.1cm–2.1cm per year (vertical) was computed at the three IGS stations (HOFN, REYK, and MAYV) located in Iceland.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Two-dimensional interpolation – or surface fitting – is an approximation tool with applications in geodetic datum transformations, terrain modelling and geoid determination. It can also be applied to many other forms of geographic point data, including rainfall, chemical concentrations and noise levels. The problem of fitting of a smooth continuous interpolant to a bivariate function is particularly difficult if the dataset of control points is scattered irregularly. A typical approach is a weighted sum of data values where the sum of the weights is always unity. Weighting by inverse distance to a power is one approach, although a power greater than 1 is needed to ensure smooth results. One advantage over other methods is that data values can be incorporated into the interpolated surface. One disadvantage is the influence of distant points. A simple cut-off limit on distance would affect continuity. This study proposes a transition range of accelerated decline by means of an adjoining polynomial. This preserves smoothness and continuity in the interpolating surface. Case studies indicate accuracy advantages over standard versions of inverse-distance weighting.
{"title":"Enhancement of inverse-distance-weighting 2D interpolation using accelerated decline","authors":"A. Ruffhead","doi":"10.2478/rgg-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two-dimensional interpolation – or surface fitting – is an approximation tool with applications in geodetic datum transformations, terrain modelling and geoid determination. It can also be applied to many other forms of geographic point data, including rainfall, chemical concentrations and noise levels. The problem of fitting of a smooth continuous interpolant to a bivariate function is particularly difficult if the dataset of control points is scattered irregularly. A typical approach is a weighted sum of data values where the sum of the weights is always unity. Weighting by inverse distance to a power is one approach, although a power greater than 1 is needed to ensure smooth results. One advantage over other methods is that data values can be incorporated into the interpolated surface. One disadvantage is the influence of distant points. A simple cut-off limit on distance would affect continuity. This study proposes a transition range of accelerated decline by means of an adjoining polynomial. This preserves smoothness and continuity in the interpolating surface. Case studies indicate accuracy advantages over standard versions of inverse-distance weighting.","PeriodicalId":42010,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74230550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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