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Outsmarting the algorithm or leaving the grid through surveillance artivism 超越算法或通过监控艺术主义离开网格
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.418372
Elke Reinhuber
Privacy feels like a distant memory since it is virtually non-existent nowadays. Cameras are all around, though we are not only visually monitored from any possible angle, but also with every movement and every trackable parameter. Faced with the feeling of being transparent and constantly recorded by various systems, the idea of becoming invisible is explored: finding inspiration from the ways that artists have tackled the issue of surveillance in their work – being exposed and evading it. Discussing artistic approaches as a means of raising awareness and exploring strategies to outsmart the algorithms can offer us alternative ways of existing outside the world of electricity and its manifold constraints. As the issue has been around for some time, the introduced artistic positions span the past 50 years and allude to the fast-evolving technologies in artistic research projects but also performances and artworks, which appear aesthetically pleasing at first glimpse but are insinuating a much more severe topic. Artworks inside the museum or gallery space might be much more refined, although intervention in the public space may reach a wider and more diverse audience. Raising the question of the evaluation, interpretation and exploitation of the material, the current discourse around artificial intelligence comes to mind and specifically the implications of machine learning and image generation in regard to the authenticity of the image in general, precipitating a broader conversation on surveillance and its antidotes.
如今,隐私权几乎不复存在,感觉就像遥远的记忆。摄像头无处不在,我们不仅从任何可能的角度受到视觉监控,而且一举一动和每一个可跟踪的参数都受到监控。面对被各种系统透明和不断记录的感觉,我们探讨了 "隐形 "的概念:从艺术家在其作品中处理监控问题的方式--暴露和逃避--中寻找灵感。讨论艺术方法作为提高意识的手段,以及探索超越算法的策略,可以为我们提供在电力世界及其多重限制之外的另一种生存方式。由于这个问题已经存在了一段时间,因此所介绍的艺术立场跨越了过去 50 年,不仅在艺术研究项目中暗指快速发展的技术,而且在表演和艺术作品中也是如此。博物馆或画廊空间内的艺术作品可能要精致得多,但在公共空间的介入可能会接触到更广泛、更多样的受众。在提出对材料的评估、解释和利用问题时,我们想到了当前关于人工智能的讨论,特别是机器学习和图像生成对图像真实性的影响,从而引发了一场关于监控及其解药的更广泛的对话。
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引用次数: 0
Blockchain culture and digital image precariousness. Questioning NFTs as an art preservation strategy 区块链文化与数字图像的不稳定性。质疑作为艺术保存策略的 NFTs
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.416449
L. D. Rivero Moreno
In the last decades, the digital image has moved between the thin line that separates its exponential multiplication and its continuous danger of invisibility and loss. Despite the fact of being constantly used on the internet or social network interactions, the difficulties in filtering, gathering, authenticating and preserving new media images have led them to be a type of art barely collected by contemporary art museums. Even more, the huge amount of material produced not only by artists or creatives but also by citizens makes it impossible for cultural institutions to tackle the task of preserving a significant percentage of it. Museums seem to be unable to distinguish what might be considered art or heritage among the massive amount of images that fed popular culture. Nevertheless, the irruption of blockchain culture has focused on the importance of digital images as an identity, social and economic asset. NFTs seem to attempt to remedy the weaknesses of the digital image by associating it with a verifiable and supposedly incorruptible contract. This study tries to analyse the precariousness of the digital image as a key element in the emergence and sudden rise and fall of the so-called “crypto-art”. To this end, the idea of the “poor image” outlined by Steyerl is followed. The aim is to clarify whether the digital images associated with blockchain transactions solve the problematic obsolescent and unstable condition of the works, or if, on the contrary, these are used as fuel for a new ultra-liberal financial machine being quickly consumed and discarded.
在过去的几十年里,数字图像一直在其指数式增长与持续的隐形和丢失危险之间徘徊。尽管新媒体图像在互联网或社交网络互动中被不断使用,但过滤、收集、鉴定和保存新媒体图像的困难使其成为一种几乎不被当代艺术博物馆收藏的艺术类型。更有甚者,不仅艺术家或创作者,而且公民也制作了大量的资料,这使得文化机构无法完成保存其中相当一部分资料的任务。在充斥着大众文化的大量图像中,博物馆似乎无法区分哪些可以被视为艺术或遗产。然而,区块链文化的侵袭集中体现了数字图像作为身份、社会和经济资产的重要性。NFT 似乎试图通过将数字图像与可验证且据称不可破坏的合约联系起来,来弥补数字图像的弱点。本研究试图分析数字图像的不稳定性,它是所谓 "加密艺术 "出现和突然兴衰的关键因素。为此,本研究采用了 Steyerl 提出的 "贫乏图像 "概念。其目的在于澄清与区块链交易相关的数字图像是否解决了作品过时和不稳定的问题,或者相反,这些数字图像是否被用作新的极端自由主义金融机器的燃料,被迅速消耗和丢弃。
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引用次数: 0
Artivismo y primeros usos tácticos de la red: de la infoguerra a la guerrilla de la comunicación 艺术行动主义与网络的首次战术应用:从信息战到通信游击战
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417632
Ana Urroz-Osés, Laura Baigorri Ballarín
Esta investigación es una aproximación al uso político de las TIC por parte de artistas y activistas, más concretamente, al uso táctico de la red en el arte de finales del siglo XX, en el período de la inminente aparición de internet en el contexto comunicacional. Su objetivo es analizar y trazar la evolución transdisciplinar de la historia del arte digital, vinculada tanto a los avances de la tecnología de la comunicación como a una dimensión crítica y política orientada a potenciar la reflexión y el cambio social. Los artivistas fueron pioneros en el uso social y político de los mass media y sus tácticas subversivas. Se fundamentaron en el establecimiento de redes de colaboración y compartición de información, teórica y práctica, y en la experimentación de imaginativas posibilidades de ataque y defensa desde la propia red. Entre ellas, destacan la adecuación en línea de las tácticas de resistencia civil (desobediencia civil electrónica), y la práctica de diversas tácticas de la guerrilla de la comunicación –el fake, la afirmación subversiva y el camuflaje– basadas en los principios de distanciamiento y sobreidentificación. Este estudio incide en la singularidad, relevancia e impacto de iniciativas artivistas pioneras que aportaron cambios significativos y demostraron la capacidad transformadora de las prácticas sociales que utilizan internet. Esas iniciativas fueron efectivas en la medida en que generaron colectivos y comunidades que trabajaron de forma solidaria, facilitaron y difundieron la información, impulsaron el conocimiento, fomentaron consciencia, compromiso y una perspectiva crítica, e idearon originales y creativas formas de contrarrestar el abuso del poder.
这项研究是艺术家和活动家在政治上使用信息和传播技术的一种方法,更具体地说,是在 20 世纪末,在互联网即将出现在通信领域的时期,在艺术中对网络的战术性使用。其目的是分析和追溯数字艺术史的跨学科演变,这既与通信技术的进步有关,也与旨在促进反思和社会变革的批判性和政治性维度有关。艺术工作者是在社会和政治领域利用大众媒体及其颠覆性策略的先驱。他们以建立理论和实践上的合作与信息共享网络为基础,并尝试从网络本身进行攻击和防御的富有想象力的可能性。其中包括在网上改编公民抵抗战术(电子公民抗命),以及根据拉开距离和过度认同的原则实践各种传播游击战术--伪造、颠覆性断言和伪装。本研究强调了先驱艺术主义倡议的独特性、相关性和影响,这些倡议带来了重大变化,并展示了利用互联网进行社会实践的变革能力。这些倡议之所以有效,是因为它们产生了团结合作的集体和社区,促进和传播了信息,推广了知识,培养了意识、参与和批判性视角,并设计了新颖和创造性的方法来对抗滥用权力。
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引用次数: 0
Cuerpo y mirada del investigador con vídeo inmersivo en 360º: estudio de caso exploratorio sobre el artivismo en São Paulo 使用 360º 沉浸式视频的身体和研究人员的凝视:关于圣保罗艺术活动的探索性案例研究
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417846
Jordan Fraser Emery, Alba Marín
La utilización de metodologías visuales plantea la necesidad de una reflexión constante sobre el lugar, el rol del investigador y su mirada. El objetivo de la investigación es la comprensión de las obras artivistas de las artistas brasileñas Branca Gonzaga y Guma Joana a partir del diálogo sobre su artivismo político. Para ello, se realiza un estudio etnográfico visual vinculado al concepto de patchwork ethnography. La obra Artivismo em São Paulo: Guma Joana e Branca Gonzaga (2023) es el resultado visual del trabajo de Jordan Fraser Emery derivado de la aplicación metodológica a partir del cual abordamos, de forma reflexiva, la utilización del vídeo inmersivo en 360º como herramienta de investigación. El corto documental no solo muestra el diálogo entablado con las artistas en su propia creación, sino también la participación corporal del autor como una subjetividad que es objeto de ser compartida. La mediación propia de los métodos visuales queda así expuesta como una subjetividad tecnológica que se relaciona con las subjetividades de los sujetos de investigación. Finalmente, el resultado audiovisual perpetúa las formas de activismo de las artistas implicadas en diferentes territorios.
视觉方法的使用提出了对研究地点、研究者的角色及其目光进行持续反思的必要性。本研究的目的是通过对巴西艺术家布兰卡-贡萨加和古玛-若阿娜的政治艺术主义进行对话,了解他们的艺术主义作品。为此,我们开展了一项与拼凑民族志概念相关的视觉民族志研究。作品《Artivismo em São Paulo: Guma Joana e Branca Gonzaga》(2023 年)是乔丹-弗雷泽-埃默里(Jordan Fraser Emery)在方法论应用方面的视觉成果。这部纪录短片不仅展示了与艺术家们在创作中的对话,还展示了作者作为被分享对象的主体性的身体参与。因此,视觉方法的中介性被揭示为一种与研究对象的主体性相关的技术主体性。最后,视听成果延续了参与艺术家在不同地区的活动形式。
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引用次数: 0
Proceso de individuación en ecologías híbridas: sobre la relación entre arte, máquinas y sistemas naturales 混合生态中的个体化过程:艺术、机器和自然系统之间的关系
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.418893
Renzo Filinich, D. Céspedes
El presente artículo propone una perspectiva relacional de la tecnoestética (Simondon-Stiegler) y una perspectiva ontoepistemológica (Barad-Bergson) de los objetos técnicos, con el fin de concebirlos como procesos de relaciones dinámicas, relaciones abiertas y enredadas entre la cultura natural-social-psíquica. Estas perspectivas se unen para nosotros, como alternativa a la cibernética, en la que la organización está determinada por el propósito del proceso. Partiendo de una lectura difractiva de la noción de individuación y organología en Simondon-Stiegler (1958/2017) y de una ontoepistemológica de «a medio camino» en el pensamiento de Barad-Bergson (1907/2007), se propone una visión procesal e híbrida de los objetos técnicos, con el fin de proporcionar bases filosóficas que vayan más allá de las dicotomías modernas cultura/naturaleza, humanos/no humanos y natural/artificial. Usando estas ideas para reflexionar sobre las obras de arte interactivas contemporáneas, el artículo aborda una noción de creatividad como un ensamblaje donde el ser humano y el no humano se producen en la constitución mutua, considerando la relación entre las artes, las máquinas y la naturaleza y sus procesos de ontogénesis (Simondon, 2015) y epifilogénesis en este proceso (Stiegler, 2002).
本文提出了技术美学的关系视角(西蒙东-西格勒)和技术对象的认识论视角(巴拉德-伯格森),目的是将技术对象视为动态关系的过程、自然-社会-心理文化之间开放而纠缠的关系。对我们来说,这些观点共同构成了控制论的替代方案,在控制论中,组织是由过程的目的决定的。从西蒙东-西格勒(Simondon-Stiegler,1958/2017)对个体化和组织学概念的衍射解读和巴拉德-贝尔格森(Barad-Bergson,1907/2007)思想中的 "半途 "认识论出发,我们提出了一种关于技术对象的过程性和混合性观点,以便提供超越现代文化/自然、人类/非人类和自然/人工二分法的哲学基础。文章利用这些观点对当代互动艺术作品进行反思,将创造力视为人类和非人类在相互构成中产生的集合体的概念,并考虑了艺术、机器和自然之间的关系及其在此过程中的本体生成过程(Simondon, 2015)和外显生成过程(Stiegler, 2002)。
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引用次数: 0
The AquaGranda digital community memory activating awareness about climate risk AquaGranda 数字社区记忆激活气候风险意识
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417840
Marco Paladini, Carlo Santagiustina, Costanza Sartoris, Giulia Saya, Michele Schiavinato, Gabriella Traviglia
This study aims to explore how vulnerable communities, scientists, and artists can collaborate to construct digital community memories to excavate opinion spaces related to socio-natural events, creating a shared and inclusive ground for mutual understanding and collective action. The proposed approach combines web archeology and digital artivism to construct community memories that can be used for social activation in relation to climate change. The research draws on participatory and community-based research techniques, citizen-science approaches, and digital methods to collect dispersed community-memory fragments and create an expressive space for the diverse perspectives and needs of the affected populations. It emphasises the importance of inclusivity and non-polarizing approaches for reconstructing and interpreting narrative streams that propagate in the physical and virtual world, and for representing, through digital art, extreme events and their societal impact. To illustrate the proposed approach, the AquaGranda project is here presented as a case study of community memory related to an extreme event: the high tides that occurred in Venice in November 2019.
本研究旨在探讨弱势社区、科学家和艺术家如何合作构建数字社区记忆,挖掘与社会自然事件相关的舆论空间,为相互理解和集体行动创造一个共享和包容的基础。建议的方法结合了网络考古学和数字艺术主义,以构建社区记忆,用于激活与气候变化有关的社会活动。研究利用参与式和社区研究技术、公民科学方法和数字方法收集分散的社区记忆片段,为受影响人群的不同观点和需求创造表达空间。它强调了包容性和非极化方法对于重建和解释在物理和虚拟世界传播的叙事流以及通过数字艺术表现极端事件及其社会影响的重要性。为了说明所提议的方法,在此介绍 AquaGranda 项目,作为与极端事件(2019 年 11 月在威尼斯发生的大潮)相关的社区记忆案例研究。
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引用次数: 0
An archaeology of media artivism: attempting to draft the history of digital culture for social change 媒体艺术主义考古学:尝试起草数字文化史以促进社会变革
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.420928
Carolina Fernández-Castrillo, Diego Mantoan
The emergence of media artivism over the last decades constitutes a new and relevant field of study for researchers of digital culture and social change, digital art historians and media archaeologists. Since the inception of the new millennium and the spread of electronic culture, media artivism has grown into a field of its own with distinctive organizations, artists, curators and critics devoted to engaged practices that are close to political antagonism and far from the concerns of the elitist art world. Considering the worsening environmental and political crisis around the globe, the spread and conscious use of new technologies becomes essential to update the concept of artivism, intended as a kind of action-taking art devoted to social issues. By establishing an epistemological framework along the lines of media archaeology and digital art history, the research highlights the role of media artivism in the context of recent historical and societal developments, as well as its potentially leading role for behavioral and social change. From pioneering experiences to current practices, the paper explores how a growing number of practitioners are tackling societal concerns through digital strategies and thus drawing attention to several critical topics, such as: gender issues, environmental delinquency, racial discrimination, social injustices, political corruption, abuse of power, invasive technologies and surveillance abuse. In the course of the analysis, a relevant role is given to practices based on hacktivism, public engagement and intercreative procedures that aim at highlighting, disclosing, or spreading the state of affairs which are still uncovered in traditional media and thus expanding the role of investigative art/journalism in the Postdigital Age. The case studies presented show how media artivism emerges as an autonomous field shaped by practitioners acting on the premise of a vocation on the fringe between society and the art world.
过去几十年来,媒体艺术主义的出现为数字文化和社会变革研究人员、数字艺术史学家和媒体考古学家提供了一个新的相关研究领域。进入新千年以来,随着电子文化的传播,媒体艺术主义已发展成为一个自成体系的领域,拥有各具特色的组织、艺术家、策展人和评论家,他们致力于与政治对立密切相关的实践,远离精英艺术界的关注。考虑到全球日益恶化的环境和政治危机,新技术的传播和有意识的使用对于更新艺术行动主义的概念至关重要,艺术行动主义是一种致力于社会问题的行动艺术。通过建立一个以媒体考古学和数字艺术史为思路的认识论框架,该研究强调了媒体艺术主义在近期历史和社会发展背景下的作用,以及其对行为和社会变革的潜在引领作用。从开创性的经验到当前的实践,本文探讨了越来越多的实践者如何通过数字策略来解决社会问题,从而引起人们对几个关键主题的关注,如:性别问题、环境犯罪、种族歧视、社会不公、政治腐败、滥用权力、侵入性技术和监控滥用。在分析过程中,以黑客行动主义、公众参与和跨创作程序为基础的做法发挥了相关作用,这些做法旨在强调、披露或传播传统媒体仍未披露的事态,从而扩大调查艺术/新闻在后数字时代的作用。所介绍的案例研究表明,媒体艺术主义是如何作为一个自主领域出现的,它是由从业者在社会和艺术界之间的边缘职业的前提下形成的。
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引用次数: 0
El circuit bending y el hardware hacking como prácticas artísticas en el contexto de la estética de la obsolescencia y el activismo DIY y bricoleur 在陈旧美学、DIY 和砖家行动主义的背景下,将电路弯曲和硬件黑客作为艺术实践。
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417835
J. M. Martín Martínez, Sergio Luna Lozano
El artículo analiza cómo han surgido una serie de estrategias artísticas en torno a la estética de la obsolescencia y al reúso y manipulación de dispositivos electrónicos que dibujan un campo específico que cuestiona el papel de la tecnología en la cultura actual. Utilizando como hilo conductor los textos del artista y activista canadiense Garnet Hertz, se estudia cómo estas estrategias se desarrollan en el contexto de los movimientos colaborativos asociados al activismo do it yourself (DIY) y bricoleur y de las prácticas artísticas que identificamos como circuit bending y hardware hacking, que serán analizadas aquí centrándonos en la obra de los artistas Reed Ghazala, Nicolas Collins, Jon Satrom y Benjamin Gaulon, y en los recursos divulgativos asociados. En este escenario, el artista bricoleur reivindica una cultura tecnológica inscrita en la materialidad de los dispositivos y en las posibilidades especulativas de su manipulación crítica.
这篇文章分析了如何围绕过时美学以及电子设备的再利用和操纵,出现了一系列艺术策略,勾勒出一个质疑技术在当今文化中作用的特定领域。以加拿大艺术家和活动家加内特-赫兹(Garnet Hertz)的文章为指导,我们研究了这些策略是如何在与自己动手(DIY)和工匠行动主义相关的合作运动背景下发展起来的,以及我们认定为电路弯曲和硬件黑客的艺术实践,这里将重点分析艺术家里德-加扎拉(Reed Ghazala)、尼古拉斯-柯林斯(Nicolas Collins)、乔恩-萨特罗姆(Jon Satrom)和本杰明-高隆(Benjamin Gaulon)的作品以及相关的普及资源。在这种情况下,"砖家 "艺术家将技术文化铭刻在设备的物质性及其批判性操作的投机可能性中。
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引用次数: 0
Epic Sock Puppet Theater : artistic tactics for mitigating online disinformation 史诗袜偶剧场:减少网络虚假信息的艺术策略
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.418111
Derek Curry, Jennifer Gradecki
This case study presents the artistic research and production process for an interactive installation, Epic Sock Puppet Theater (ESPT), that uses artivist tactics to engage with the divisive socio-political content of online disinformation campaigns. The project allows viewers to interact with a dataset of social media posts made by “sock puppets” or imposter accounts used as part of state-sponsored disinformation campaigns so the viewer can become better equipped to recognize disinformation in their own social media feeds, less susceptible to its negative effects and less likely to unwittingly share it. The project is based on inoculation theory, a biological metaphor for building resistance against future disinformation through careful preemptive exposure to disinformation messages, as well as research that found that the revelation of a sock puppet account helped social media users identify other sock puppets spreading disinformation. In this case study, we summarize our research, user testing, and artistic process as a resource for others who may be interested in combining research, art and activism. Through our research and experimentation, we carefully selected artistic tactics, focusing on techniques from Brechtian epic theater to present emotionally and politically charged content that is designed to polarize viewers in a way that allows for critical reflection. The result is an artistic solution to a socio-technical problem: an animatronic sock puppet theater that simultaneously helps to familiarize and distance the public from online sock puppet disinformation, to creatively mitigate its negative effects.
本案例研究介绍了互动装置 "史诗袜子傀儡剧场"(ESPT)的艺术研究和制作过程。该项目允许观众与 "袜子傀儡 "或冒名账户在社交媒体上发布的帖子数据集进行互动,"袜子傀儡 "或冒名账户是国家支持的虚假信息宣传活动的一部分,这样观众就能更好地识别自己社交媒体上的虚假信息,不那么容易受到其负面影响,也不会在不知情的情况下分享这些帖子。该项目基于 "接种理论"(一种生物学隐喻,即通过谨慎地预先接触虚假信息来建立对未来虚假信息的抵抗力),以及研究发现袜子傀儡账户的曝光有助于社交媒体用户识别其他传播虚假信息的袜子傀儡。在本案例研究中,我们总结了我们的研究、用户测试和艺术创作过程,为其他有兴趣将研究、艺术和行动主义结合起来的人提供资源。通过研究和实验,我们精心选择了艺术策略,重点运用布莱希特史诗剧的技巧来呈现充满情感和政治色彩的内容,旨在以一种允许批判性反思的方式分化观众。最终,我们用艺术的方式解决了一个社会技术问题:一个仿真袜偶剧场,同时帮助公众熟悉并远离网上的袜偶虚假信息,创造性地减轻其负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Breathe for Ella: artivism, intersectionality and sensing air pollution 为艾拉呼吸:艺术行动主义、交叉性和感知空气污染
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417688
Lucy Sabin Rose
This paper responds to Breathe:2022, a multi-sited public artwork across London and the UK by mixed media artist Dryden Goodwin. Read as artivism, I argue that Breathe:20222 demarginalizes existing discourse on air pollution by intervening in public space and framing air pollution as an embodied and intersectional experience. This paper contextualizes Breathe:2022 in relation to a contemporary politics of atmospheric governance following the tragic case of Ella Kissi-Debrah. I hold that Goodwin’s artistic portrayal of breathing shows a processual condition of exposure that resituates knowledge of air in the breathing body. In doing so, the work suggests a possible paradigm shift in narratives of air pollution whereby phenomenological understandings of breathing and breathlessness might enhance, corroborate, put into perspective or hold to account scientific measurements of air quality. To orientate this approach, I put forward the notion of “breathing interfaces” as material and affective zones (buildings, bodies and digital media) where qualities of air become palpable and where bodies and worlds become together. Circling back to Breathe for Ella in the conclusion, I reflect forces of hope and uncertainty regarding the legacy of Goodwin’s artivism and its related campaigns.
本文是对混合媒体艺术家 Dryden Goodwin 在伦敦和英国多处创作的公共艺术作品《呼吸:2022》的回应。作为艺术行动主义的解读,我认为《呼吸:2022》2 通过介入公共空间并将空气污染描述为一种体现性和交叉性的体验,将现有的空气污染论述边缘化。在 Ella Kissi-Debrah 悲剧发生后,本文将《呼吸:2022》与当代大气治理政治联系起来。我认为,古德温对呼吸的艺术描绘展示了一种暴露的过程性条件,将空气知识重新置于呼吸的身体中。在此过程中,作品提出了空气污染叙事范式的可能转变,即对呼吸和呼吸困难的现象学理解可能会加强、证实、透视或解释空气质量的科学测量。为了确定这一方法的方向,我提出了 "呼吸界面 "的概念,即空气质量变得可触可感、身体与世界融为一体的物质和情感区域(建筑、身体和数字媒体)。在结论部分,我又回到了 "为艾拉呼吸",对古德温的艺术主义及其相关运动的遗产反映了希望和不确定的力量。
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引用次数: 0
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