Shortly after its official occupation in the late 17th century, the colony of Saint-Domingue became the main territory of the French Crown in the Caribbean. Despite this, many details about its fortification history have passed unnoticed by the historiography. This article aims to document an important collection of maps and plans mainly kept in the Archives Nationales d’Outre Mer (Aix-en-Provence). From this, it will be possible to identify the defensive strategy implemented by the French administration relating to the geostrategic factors that specially involved the war between the French-Spanish bloc and Great Britain during the 1740s.
{"title":"Fundar para defender: fortificación y geoestrategia en Saint-Domingue entre 1665 y 1748","authors":"I. L. López Hernández","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.08","url":null,"abstract":"Shortly after its official occupation in the late 17th century, the colony of Saint-Domingue became the main territory of the French Crown in the Caribbean. Despite this, many details about its fortification history have passed unnoticed by the historiography. This article aims to document an important collection of maps and plans mainly kept in the Archives Nationales d’Outre Mer (Aix-en-Provence). From this, it will be possible to identify the defensive strategy implemented by the French administration relating to the geostrategic factors that specially involved the war between the French-Spanish bloc and Great Britain during the 1740s.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"147-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42125053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stories, full of legend and often contradictory, of the so-called «Kâhina’s War» have as a central focus the subjugation of Byzantine Africa by the Umayyad armies. This mysterious Kâhina, supposed queen of a Berber tribe of Mount Aures, has conditioned the attempts of contemporary historiography to establish a coherent chronological, military and cultural account of the definitive Arab conquest of Byzantine Africa. The objective of this work is to assess the oldest text about Kâhina, the Chronicle of the Arabs, collected in the work of Elias Bar Shinaya. This will allow us to adequately contextualize the mythical Kâhina and frame their resistance to Islamic expansion in a complete historical context, determined by the Byzantine resistance to the Arab expansion for the control of North Africa.
关于所谓的“k中国战争”的故事，充满了传奇色彩，往往是相互矛盾的，其核心焦点是倭马亚军队对拜占庭非洲的征服。这位神秘的k希娜，被认为是奥雷斯山柏柏尔部落的女王，为当代史学试图建立一个连贯的时间、军事和文化记录，以确定阿拉伯人对拜占庭非洲的征服。这项工作的目的是评估关于k希纳的最古老的文本，即Elias Bar Shinaya收集的《阿拉伯人编年史》。这将使我们能够充分地将神话中的kakhina置于一个完整的历史背景中，并将他们对伊斯兰教扩张的抵抗置于一个完整的历史背景中，这是由拜占庭对阿拉伯人控制北非的扩张的抵抗所决定的。
{"title":"Nuevas e ignoradas noticias sobre la Kâhina y la conquista árabe del África bizantina: de reina de los bereberes a reina de los romanos","authors":"José Soto Chica, Maila García Amorós","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.05","url":null,"abstract":"The stories, full of legend and often contradictory, of the so-called «Kâhina’s War» have as a central focus the subjugation of Byzantine Africa by the Umayyad armies. This mysterious Kâhina, supposed queen of a Berber tribe of Mount Aures, has conditioned the attempts of contemporary historiography to establish a coherent chronological, military and cultural account of the definitive Arab conquest of Byzantine Africa. The objective of this work is to assess the oldest text about Kâhina, the Chronicle of the Arabs, collected in the work of Elias Bar Shinaya. This will allow us to adequately contextualize the mythical Kâhina and frame their resistance to Islamic expansion in a complete historical context, determined by the Byzantine resistance to the Arab expansion for the control of North Africa.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raimon Graells i Fabregat, Gustau García Jiménez, Angiolo Del Lucchese
The article presents an unusual sword whose typology links the Central European traditions and those of the Gulf of Lion. Despite the sword was deposited bended in a grave during the Iron age, it was found in 2013 in a river course. The uniqueness of its typology highlights the interest in the study of weapons in cultural areas as complex and rich as Liguria.
{"title":"Consideraciones sobre la espada de antenas encontrada en el rio Cavallera (Liguria, Italia)","authors":"Raimon Graells i Fabregat, Gustau García Jiménez, Angiolo Del Lucchese","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.01","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an unusual sword whose typology links the Central European traditions and those of the Gulf of Lion. Despite the sword was deposited bended in a grave during the Iron age, it was found in 2013 in a river course. The uniqueness of its typology highlights the interest in the study of weapons in cultural areas as complex and rich as Liguria.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48625952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work aims to analyze how the merchant ships and their crew were put together, who traded between the eastern Cantabric and northern Europe at the end of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. To this end, the data provided by the charter agreements conserved for the period have been extracted, and have been contrasted with what happened in other commercial routes, such as the American one, or in other regions, such as the Netherlands. To reach the conclusion that the largest number of guns and armed persons, which by customary law should carry the Castilian commercial vessels for protection, and the navigation in small joint fleets, not only served to suffer few assaults, they were the example to be followed by other countries.
{"title":"Armamento y hombres de armas en la navegación comercial del Cantábrico oriental (1480-1550)","authors":"José Damián González Arce","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.07","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to analyze how the merchant ships and their crew were put together, who traded between the eastern Cantabric and northern Europe at the end of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. To this end, the data provided by the charter agreements conserved for the period have been extracted, and have been contrasted with what happened in other commercial routes, such as the American one, or in other regions, such as the Netherlands. To reach the conclusion that the largest number of guns and armed persons, which by customary law should carry the Castilian commercial vessels for protection, and the navigation in small joint fleets, not only served to suffer few assaults, they were the example to be followed by other countries.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"127-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43824945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florian Téreygeol, Alexandre Disser, J. Flament, G. Sarah
Unearthing a weapon in an ancient mining area during an excavation is very unlikely. The discovery made at Castel-Minier is even more important since its stratigraphical context is well characterized, dating from the 15 th century. This ear-dagger of an uncommon type, found along with its scabbard, differs greatly from those known in the museum collections by its sobriety. An archaeometric study was carried out focusing on the chemical characterization of its distinct components, putting in light the choice of the assembled materials (wood, gold, lead and copper alloys). Beyond the purpose of this dagger lost in a 15 th century silver mine, its study makes it possible to see for the first time a Catalan area ear dagger produced for a regional market.
{"title":"Une dague à oreilles du XVe siecle et son fourreau découverts à Castel-Minier (Pyrénées Françaises)","authors":"Florian Téreygeol, Alexandre Disser, J. Flament, G. Sarah","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"Unearthing a weapon in an ancient mining area during an excavation is very unlikely. The discovery made at Castel-Minier is even more important since its stratigraphical context is well characterized, dating from the 15 th century. This ear-dagger of an uncommon type, found along with its scabbard, differs greatly from those known in the museum collections by its sobriety. An archaeometric study was carried out focusing on the chemical characterization of its distinct components, putting in light the choice of the assembled materials (wood, gold, lead and copper alloys). Beyond the purpose of this dagger lost in a 15 th century silver mine, its study makes it possible to see for the first time a Catalan area ear dagger produced for a regional market.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"109-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42592707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Un cinturón itálico de bronce en la colección del Museo de Louvre muestra una característica única: de él cuelga una malla de anillas formando un faldellín. El cinturón mismo se ha fechado en el siglo IV a. C. En cuanto al faldellín, se ha sugerido que podría ser una de las primeras manifestaciones de cota de malla, o posiblemente un antecesor de este tipo de armadura. No obstante, un análisis detallado ha demostrado que el cinturón y el faldellín no formaban una sola pieza originalmente y que fueron unidos en el siglo XIX. Resulta que el faldellín no tiene que ver con la cota de malla, ni con un antecesor. El análisis de hallazgos similares muestra que es probablemente un adorno de cadera del siglo VIII-VII a. C. que proviene de un entierro femenino del sur de Italia.
{"title":"Un faldellín de guerrero hecho de anillas: ¿una evidencia temprana de cota de malla o la visión de un coleccionista?","authors":"Martijn A. Wijnhoven","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.03","url":null,"abstract":"Un cinturón itálico de bronce en la colección del Museo de Louvre muestra una característica única: de él cuelga una malla de anillas formando un faldellín. El cinturón mismo se ha fechado en el siglo IV a. C. En cuanto al faldellín, se ha sugerido que podría ser una de las primeras manifestaciones de cota de malla, o posiblemente un antecesor de este tipo de armadura. No obstante, un análisis detallado ha demostrado que el cinturón y el faldellín no formaban una sola pieza originalmente y que fueron unidos en el siglo XIX. Resulta que el faldellín no tiene que ver con la cota de malla, ni con un antecesor. El análisis de hallazgos similares muestra que es probablemente un adorno de cadera del siglo VIII-VII a. C. que proviene de un entierro femenino del sur de Italia.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70059646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article identifies the weapons used by Spaniards, Indians and Creoles during the 18th century in Tucuman (Jujuy). From a cultural history perspective, various types of documents are examined to investigate the instruments of the microphysics of power and the contradictory monopoly of violence.
{"title":"Lanzas, escopetas, machetes y mazas de dominadores y subalternos en el Tucumán (Jujuy, 1736-1795)","authors":"Enrique Normando Cruz, Luisa Consuelo Soler Lizarazo","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article identifies the weapons used by Spaniards, Indians and Creoles during the 18th century in Tucuman (Jujuy). From a cultural history perspective, various types of documents are examined to investigate the instruments of the microphysics of power and the contradictory monopoly of violence.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"169-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42737961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joaquim Pera i Isern, Esther Rodrigo i Requena, Núria Romaní i Sala, Cèsar Carreras Monfort
The recent archaeological excavations undertaken at the hill of Puig Castellar (Biosca, Lleida) have revealed the remains of singular Roman military settlement for its typological features and early dating. A solid defence wall with towers and visual control of the nearby territory surrounds the site. Inside, Romans built a large building at the highest point, which records a number of auxiliary rooms around a central courtyard. The courtyard included a rock cut cistern. Besides, there are other buildings close to the main building and others accommodated to the inner face of the surrounding defence wall as well as an area with great iron metallurgical activity. The large amount of Italian pottery with a well-dated horizon between 180-120 BCE as well as constructive and decorative techniques identified in the buildings reveal a possible military and administrative complex of the earlier decades of Roman conquest in Hispania.
{"title":"Puig Castellar de Biosca (Lleida). Una fortificación romana del siglo II a. C. En el noreste de la Hispania Citerior","authors":"Joaquim Pera i Isern, Esther Rodrigo i Requena, Núria Romaní i Sala, Cèsar Carreras Monfort","doi":"10.3989/gladius.2019.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2019.02","url":null,"abstract":"The recent archaeological excavations undertaken at the hill of Puig Castellar (Biosca, Lleida) have revealed the remains of singular Roman military settlement for its typological features and early dating. A solid defence wall with towers and visual control of the nearby territory surrounds the site. Inside, Romans built a large building at the highest point, which records a number of auxiliary rooms around a central courtyard. The courtyard included a rock cut cistern. Besides, there are other buildings close to the main building and others accommodated to the inner face of the surrounding defence wall as well as an area with great iron metallurgical activity. The large amount of Italian pottery with a well-dated horizon between 180-120 BCE as well as constructive and decorative techniques identified in the buildings reveal a possible military and administrative complex of the earlier decades of Roman conquest in Hispania.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":"39 1","pages":"19-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44159962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Una información recogida por Pausanias sobre la dedicatoria en Gortina de una punta de lanza que perteneció a Alejandro Magno permite considerar en detalle tanto la procedencia de la lanza como su valor curativo. El análisis nos remite, además, a las habilidades curativas de los Eácidas, y por ende, a las relaciones entre curación y poder en el mundo antiguo.
{"title":"La lanza de Alejandro en Gortina","authors":"Borja Antela-Bernárdez","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2018.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2018.01","url":null,"abstract":"Una información recogida por Pausanias sobre la dedicatoria en Gortina de una punta de lanza que perteneció a Alejandro Magno permite considerar en detalle tanto la procedencia de la lanza como su valor curativo. El análisis nos remite, además, a las habilidades curativas de los Eácidas, y por ende, a las relaciones entre curación y poder en el mundo antiguo.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44081756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En 1908 se encontraron diez elementos de equipamiento militar de hierro en Brigantium/Bregenz (Austria). Entre estos figuran los fragmentos de cuatro o cinco umbos de scuta rectangulares. Se trata del conjunto de este tipo de umbos, arqueológicamente insólitos, más grande conocido. Probablemente su buen estado de conservación se debe a que las piezas estaban quemadas y su reciclado resultaba imposible. La datación tipológica de los umbos indica que fueron enterrados durante del cierre de la fortaleza en Brigantium en la época claudiana o poco antes. No está claro en qué contexto estructural fueron recuperados los objetos, porque las condiciones estratigráficas no fueron documentadas e y no se sabe lo suficiente acerca de los edificios militares en el área de la excavación. Debido a su situación dentro de la fortaleza, parece probable que se tratase de un barracón o almacén localizado en la via principalis.
{"title":"Un conjunto de equipo militar romano procedente de Brigantum/Bregenz (austria). evidencia arqueológica sobre un insólito scutum rectangular","authors":"Julia Kopf","doi":"10.3989/GLADIUS.2018.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/GLADIUS.2018.02","url":null,"abstract":"En 1908 se encontraron diez elementos de equipamiento militar de hierro en Brigantium/Bregenz (Austria). Entre estos figuran los fragmentos de cuatro o cinco umbos de scuta rectangulares. Se trata del conjunto de este tipo de umbos, arqueológicamente insólitos, más grande conocido. Probablemente su buen estado de conservación se debe a que las piezas estaban quemadas y su reciclado resultaba imposible. La datación tipológica de los umbos indica que fueron enterrados durante del cierre de la fortaleza en Brigantium en la época claudiana o poco antes. No está claro en qué contexto estructural fueron recuperados los objetos, porque las condiciones estratigráficas no fueron documentadas e y no se sabe lo suficiente acerca de los edificios militares en el área de la excavación. Debido a su situación dentro de la fortaleza, parece probable que se tratase de un barracón o almacén localizado en la via principalis.","PeriodicalId":42057,"journal":{"name":"Gladius","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49092753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：