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FOUR-PHASE METHOD IN ESP LISTENING: APPLYING TOPIC-BASED DIALOGUE-INTERVIEWS FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 四阶段法在听力中的应用:话题型对话访谈在国际关系中的应用
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102279T
Anastasiya Tananykhina, Ludmila Neudachina, N.Yu. Timchenko, A. Dudkina
The paper presents the result of a research into the issue of four-phase method of ESP listening using a topic-based dialogue-interview which contributes to the development of communicative competence of IR students of Saint Petersburg State University. Different aspects of the issue are studied through an attempt to identify students’ difficulties in ESP listening and the role of sociocultural component in four-phase ESP listening method. The effectiveness of four-phase method of ESP listening is evaluated by means of a survey conducted among students of International Relations Faculty of Saint Petersburg State University. The survey demonstrates that four-phase method of ESP listening contributes to eliminate lexical and sociocultural unawareness and develop communicative competence.
本文采用基于话题的对话访谈法,对ESP听力的四阶段方法进行了研究,该方法有助于圣彼得堡州立大学IR学生的交际能力发展。通过尝试识别学生在ESP听力中的困难以及社会文化成分在四阶段ESP听力方法中的作用,对该问题的不同方面进行了研究。通过对圣彼得堡国立大学国际关系学院学生的调查,评价了ESP听力四阶段法的有效性。调查表明,ESP听力的四阶段法有助于消除词汇和社会文化的不了解,培养交际能力。
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引用次数: 0
MAIN DIFFICULTIES IN TRANSLATING CONTRACTUAL DOCUMENTATION (ENGLISH/RUSSIAN) 翻译合同文件(英/俄)的主要困难
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102291T
L. Timofeeva, Maria S. Morozova, T. Potapova
The article is devoted to one of the most common translation problems in the sphere of law, namely finding the adequate equivalents in vocabulary, especially it concerns foreign terminology, in grammar and in text structure. While it is well-known that equivalence is one of the key concepts in translation, the research on practical applications of this principle in different professional spheres is still limited. With the rise of the interest to the machine translation, the special attention to the most common translation problems in the sphere of law can contribute to the overall understanding of the translation process. The methodological approach taken in this study is a mixed methodology based on comparative, structural, socio-linguistic and socio-cultural aspects of translation. The material presented in the article is based on the original contracts developed in English and Russian for the major oil and gas projects to be implemented in Russia 2006-2009. The examples of vocabulary, grammar and text structures equivalents can show the reasons for emergence of the main translation difficulties - polysemantic structure of some  terms, absence of concept  in either language, dependence of the meaning of the term on the context, idiomatic expressions, historically established traditions in legal text formation – emphasizing the idea that equivalence principle should be considered as a priority when translating contractual documentation.
本文致力于研究法律领域中最常见的翻译问题之一,即在词汇方面,特别是在外国术语、语法和文本结构方面,找到合适的对等词。尽管对等是翻译中的关键概念之一,但对这一原则在不同专业领域的实际应用研究仍然有限。随着人们对机器翻译兴趣的上升,特别关注法律领域中最常见的翻译问题有助于全面理解翻译过程。本研究采用的方法论是一种基于翻译的比较、结构、社会语言学和社会文化方面的混合方法。文章中提供的材料基于2006-2009年俄罗斯将实施的主要石油和天然气项目的英文和俄文原始合同。词汇、语法和文本结构等价物的例子可以说明出现主要翻译困难的原因——一些术语的多义结构、任何一种语言都没有概念、术语的含义依赖于上下文、习语、,法律文本形成的历史传统&强调在翻译合同文件时应优先考虑对等原则。
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引用次数: 1
TRASH TO TREASURE: INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS INTO UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM 垃圾变废为宝:将环保意识融入大学课程
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102205V
P. Vasileva, Vadim Golubev, Ildar Ibragimov, S. Rubtsova
Over the last decade, educators around the world have paid increasing attention to raising public awareness of the need to make concerted efforts to provide a sustainable future for this planet. Many scientists and eco-activists have done a lot to develop public environmental consciousness using different educational tools. This paper discusses integrating environmental awareness into academic curriculum. It analyses the introduction of an environmental component to the English for the Media course offered at St Petersburg University. The experimental study was conducted for three semesters: in the spring semester of 2019 (February - May 2019), the fall semester of the same year (September - December 2019) and the spring semester of 2020 (February - May 2020). It involved 65 first - and second-year journalism students. Media professionals are responsible for changing the way people look at the environment. Project-based learning helps students to expand their environmental repertoires such as shaping public perception of ‘green consumerism’ as a fashionable trend. The growing awareness of environmental issues requires shaping consumer's mindfulness about obliteration and depletion of natural resources through irresponsible activities. The trash-to-treasure and eco-comics projects are lightweight, exciting and effective tools of raising environmental awareness in future media practitioners and enhancing their scientific writing skills. Using these skills journalists can make their environmental messages accessible to a broader public.
在过去的十年里,世界各地的教育工作者越来越重视提高公众的意识,使他们认识到需要齐心协力为这个星球提供一个可持续的未来。许多科学家和生态活动家利用不同的教育工具为培养公众的环境意识做了很多工作。本文探讨了将环境意识融入学术课程的问题。它分析了在圣彼得堡大学提供的媒体英语课程中引入环境成分。实验研究为期三个学期:2019年春季学期(2019年2月- 5月)、同年秋季学期(2019年9月- 12月)和2020年春季学期(2020年2月- 5月)。该研究涉及65名新闻专业一年级和二年级学生。媒体专业人士有责任改变人们看待环境的方式。以项目为基础的学习可以帮助学生扩大他们的环境技能,例如塑造公众对“绿色消费主义”的看法,使其成为一种时尚趋势。人们对环境问题的意识日益增强,这就需要塑造消费者对不负责任的活动对自然资源的破坏和消耗的意识。垃圾变宝藏和生态漫画项目是提高未来媒体从业者环保意识和提高科学写作技能的轻量级、令人兴奋和有效的工具。利用这些技能,记者可以让更广泛的公众了解他们的环境信息。
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引用次数: 1
THE BRAND SEMANTICS CULTURAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES 品牌语义文化适应策略
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102193G
O. V. Glukhova
The paper is an interdisciplinary study of brand semantics and the cultural adaptation strategies applied when transferring brand to international or different local markets. The study applies the conceptual approach to brand semantics and aims at outlining the brand semantic cultural adaptation strategies like value-based cultural adaptation and context-based cultural adaptation. The research provides the description of brand semantics in terms of semiotics, cognitive and cultural linguistics proving the brand semantics resemblances to that of cultural concept. The first section deals with brand semantic issues and proposes the method of linguo-cognitive analysis for the brand semantic investigation process. The second section views the brand translation and adaptation approaches in Translation Theories. The last section is devoted to cultural adaptation strategies application to brand constituents when transferring to another culture. Thus, the paper offers a cultural approach to brand translation studies and renders the brand semantics as a series of meanings transmitted by its material (trademark, logo, slogan, advertisement) and non-material (associations, value, uniqueness, inimitable style) constituents that, subjected to linguo-cognitive analysis, enable the application of context-based or value -based cultural adaptation strategy.
本文是一个跨学科的研究品牌语义学和文化适应策略应用时,将品牌转移到国际或不同的本地市场。本研究将概念方法应用于品牌语义学,旨在概述品牌语义学文化适应策略,如基于价值的文化适应和基于语境的文化适应。本研究从符号学、认知语言学和文化语言学三个方面对品牌语义进行了描述,证明了品牌语义与文化概念的相似性。第一部分讨论了品牌语义问题,并提出了品牌语义调查过程中的语言认知分析方法。第二部分介绍了翻译理论中的品牌翻译和顺应方法。最后一部分探讨了品牌成分在向另一种文化迁移时的文化适应策略。因此,本文提出了一种文化视角来研究品牌翻译,并将品牌语义理解为一系列由品牌的物质成分(商标、标志、口号、广告)和非物质成分(联想、价值、独特性、独特风格)所传递的意义,通过语言认知分析,使我们能够运用基于语境或基于价值的文化适应策略。
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引用次数: 1
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH DENTISTRY TEXTS 俄语和英语牙科语篇礼貌策略的比较分析
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102217G
I. Grigoriev, S. Rubtsova
The paper compares two corpora of Russian and English research articles in dentistry to identify differences between texts as regards evaluative language and other language tools to pursue politeness strategies. Positive politeness strategies are understood as a part of the positive evaluation process having the pragmatic function not to offence each other’s desire to be approved of. The study aims to define the politeness strategies that are most commonly used in Russian and English medical journals and to focus on the possible reasons for differences in Russian and Anglo-Saxon academic writing cultures that underlie the choice of politeness strategies. The analysis of the data shows that Russian research articles rarely employ politeness strategies if compared to their English counterpart preferring negative politeness strategies to positive ones. This study also provides some methodological advice for developing a syllabus in academic writing. Conclusions made on the basis of two compared corpora can also provide insights into both translation and contrastive studies.
本文比较了俄语和英语牙科研究文章的两个语料库,以确定文本在评价语言和其他追求礼貌策略的语言工具方面的差异。积极礼貌策略被理解为积极评价过程的一部分,具有不冒犯对方被认可愿望的语用功能。本研究旨在界定俄语和英语医学期刊中最常用的礼貌策略,并重点探讨俄语和盎格鲁撒克逊学术写作文化差异的可能原因,这些差异是礼貌策略选择的基础。数据分析表明,与英语研究文章相比,俄语研究文章很少使用礼貌策略,他们更喜欢消极的礼貌策略而不是积极的礼貌策略。本研究还为制定学术写作教学大纲提供了一些方法论建议。基于两个比较语料库得出的结论也可以为翻译和对比研究提供见解。
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引用次数: 2
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CRITICAL READING SKILLS IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING 紧急远程教学背景下俄罗斯高等教育批判性阅读技能的形成性评价
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102137A
Ksenia Antonova, Nadezhda Tyrkheeva
The paper considers the role of formative assessment of critical reading skills within the framework of distance education in conditions of emergency remote teaching English as a foreign language. A model of descriptors for assessment of critical reading skills at 4 levels of language competence and 3 levels of university education has been developed and tested on undergraduate and postgraduate students majoring in Economics, IT and the Humanities in Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics. The model has been tested and conclusions have been made about the effectiveness of formative assessment as a supplementary/helpful tool for the development of critical reading skills in emergency learning conditions of COVID pandemic.
本文探讨了远程教育框架下批判性阅读技能形成性评估在紧急远程外语教学中的作用。圣彼得堡国立经济大学经济学、信息技术和人文学科的本科生和研究生开发并测试了一个评估4个语言能力水平和3个大学教育水平的批判性阅读技能的描述符模型。该模型已经过测试,并得出了关于形成性评估的有效性的结论,该评估是在新冠肺炎疫情的紧急学习条件下发展批判性阅读技能的补充/有用工具。
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引用次数: 3
INSTITUTIONAL STRATEGIES TO INCREASE EMI QUANTITY AND QUALITY IN RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 提高俄罗斯高校EMI数量和质量的制度策略:比较分析
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102149B
E. Belyaeva, M. Freese
The article starts by examining the reasons behind the relatively recent growth of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in Russian higher education institutions, from internationalization to more altruistic motives. While internationalization in Russia has recently been facilitated through a top-down approach at a national level, the quantity and quality of courses and programs taught in English are the responsibility of Russian universities and are primarily managed at an institutional level. Russian higher education institutions (HEIs) have been employing several strategies such as international recruiting, long-term university partnerships and faculty development. The authors take a closer look at each strategy, assessing its strengths and weaknesses, and illustrating it with some examples. Comparative analysis of the strategies under scrutiny allows to highlight more effective ones which are likely to positively impact the quantity and quality of EMI in Russian higher education in the years to come.
本文首先考察了英语作为一种教学媒介在俄罗斯高等教育机构中相对较新发展的原因,从国际化到更利他主义的动机。虽然俄罗斯的国际化最近通过国家层面自上而下的方法得到了促进,但用英语教授的课程和项目的数量和质量是俄罗斯大学的责任,主要在机构层面进行管理。俄罗斯高等教育机构一直在采用多种策略,如国际招聘、长期大学合作和师资发展。作者仔细研究了每种策略,评估了其优势和劣势,并用一些例子进行了说明。对正在审查的策略进行比较分析,可以突出更有效的策略,这些策略可能会对未来几年俄罗斯高等教育中EMI的数量和质量产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
INTERSUBJECTIVE APPROACH TO PRE-TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF ARCHITECTURAL CRITICISM: REACHING AFTER THE BALANCE 建筑评论翻译前分析的主体间性方法:追求平衡
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102247L
S. Latysheva
The study discusses a new approach to translation of architectural critical materials focusing on the stage of source texts analysis. Architecture synthesizes science, technology, art and social sphere resulting in the heterogeneity of translatological characteristics of texts representing architectural phenomena. They combine the parameters of institutional and personal discourse possessing the features of specialized texts, such as the predominance of cognitive information and a high degree of conventionality, and artistic texts with their emotional, aesthetic and axiological aspects. This functional ambivalence limits the use of traditional methods based on genre or stylistic analysis. This research is an attempt to develop a new approach to pre-translation analysis of architectural texts yielding adequate translation methods for architectural nominations and contributing to the retainment of original text identity. The study views intersubjectivity in pre-translation analysis as conceptual coordination within the discourse of the expert community carried out in the process of interaction between authors of source texts and addressees of translation texts through interlingual mediation. The developed method allows translators to reveal relevant cognitive and discursive parameters of nominations of architectural phenomena at various language levels. In addition, it reveals the translation dominants that assist both to preserve the sufficient level of translation text conventionality within the institutional discourse of architecture and to transfer personal meanings and values implied by source text authors within their personal discourse.
本研究以源文本分析阶段为重点,探讨了建筑批评材料翻译的新途径。建筑综合了科学、技术、艺术和社会领域,导致了代表建筑现象的文本的翻译特征的异质性。它们结合了具有专业文本特征的制度话语和个人话语的参数,如认知信息的主导性和高度的惯例性,以及具有情感、美学和价值论方面的艺术文本。这种功能上的矛盾心理限制了基于体裁或文体分析的传统方法的使用。本研究试图开发一种新的方法来对建筑文本进行翻译前分析,为建筑提名提供适当的翻译方法,并有助于保留原文身份。本研究将翻译前分析中的主体间性视为专家群体话语中的概念协调,这种协调是在源文本的作者和翻译文本的接受者之间通过语际中介进行互动的过程中进行的。该方法使译者能够在不同的语言层面上揭示建筑现象提名的相关认知和话语参数。此外,它揭示了翻译主导者既有助于在建筑的制度话语中保持足够水平的翻译文本惯例,又有助于将源文本作者所隐含的个人意义和价值转移到他们的个人话语中。
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引用次数: 1
DOG – IMAGE PAREMIAS IN TRANSLATION (BASED ON NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV’S MEMOIRS) 狗的形象帕尔马斯翻译(根据赫鲁晓夫回忆录改编)
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102181C
E. Carter
Animalistic metaphors are widely used in political discourse. The paper deals with the comparative analysis of Russian paremias with the constituent element “dog” employed in Nikita Khrushchev’s memoirs and their English translations. The etymology and cultural connotations of the phraseological units are explored as well. The corpus linguistics methodology is used to identify the expressions containing the word “dog.” By applying Conceptual Metaphor Theory and frame semantics, the mappings that serve to recreate the author’s view of “dog” cognition and communication for the reader are investigated. The research contributes to the study of phraseology and translation as it provides an insight into challenges caused by linguistic and cultural differences while transferring metaphorical expressions from one language and culture to another.
动物隐喻在政治话语中被广泛使用。本文对赫鲁晓夫回忆录及其英译中的俄语paremias与构成词“狗”进行了比较分析。并对其词源和文化内涵进行了探讨。运用语料库语言学方法识别含有“狗”一词的表达。本文运用概念隐喻理论和框架语义学,探讨了作者对“狗”认知和交际的映射。该研究有助于研究短语学和翻译,因为它提供了从一种语言和文化到另一种语言和文化的隐喻表达转换的语言和文化差异所带来的挑战的见解。
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引用次数: 1
FORMULAIC LANGUAGE IN AERONAUTICAL ENGLISH – FRIEND OR FOE 航空英语中的公式化语言&朋友还是敌人
IF 0.7 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.22190/JTESAP2102239K
V. Katsarska
The paper discusses formulaic language, its classification, function, and its role in Aeronautical English. On the one hand, using idiomatic expressions in aviation communication may lead to ambiguity, confusion and communication breakdown. On the other hand, teaching formulaic expressions to student pilots and air-traffic controllers can have positive effect on their fluency and help them develop their interactive communicative skills. Despite the fact that research on formulaic language acquisition has been modest, the paper suggests that it should be incorporated in an aeronautical English syllabus.
本文论述了公式化语言及其分类、功能及其在航空英语中的作用。一方面,在航空通信中使用习语可能会导致歧义、混乱和通信中断。另一方面,向飞行员和空中交通管制员教授公式化表达可以对他们的流利性产生积极影响,并帮助他们发展互动交流技能。尽管对公式化语言习得的研究并不多,但本文建议将其纳入航空英语教学大纲中。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Teaching English for Specific and Academic Purposes
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