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PROCESS MATURITY OF CROATIAN COMPANIES 克罗地亚公司的流程成熟度
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.13
Ljubica Milanović Glavan
Poduzeća današnjice pokušavaju poboljšati svoje performanse usredotočujući se na perspektivu orijentacije na poslovne procese. Ova perspektiva promatra poduzeća kao mješavinu ujedinjenih poslovnih procesa. Prepoznavanje različitih razina procesne orijentacije može pomoći poduzećima da izvrše, poboljšaju i upravljaju svojim procesima. Postoji nekoliko metodologija koje se mogu koristiti za analizu stanja zrelosti procesne orijentacije. Model zrelosti pokazuje stupanj prihvaćanja procesne orijentacije u poslovnoj praksi određenog poduzeća. Istraživanje u ovom radu ima za cilj izvijestiti o zrelosti procesne orijentacije u poduzećima Republike Hrvatske i naglasiti važnost procesnih elemenata. Za analizu rezultata odgovora prikupljenih anketom koristi se metoda klaster analize koja je pokazala kako su hrvatska poduzeća trenutno pozicionirana između definirane i povezane faze zrelosti procesne orijentacije. Takvi rezultati provedenog istraživanja ukazuju na to kako poduzeća u Hrvatskoj moraju unaprijediti sve elemente procesne orijentacije u svrhu napredovanja u više faze procesne zrelosti.
如今,企业正试图以业务导向为中心来提高绩效。公司将这种观点视为一种混合的业务流程。识别不同级别的流程导向可以帮助企业执行、改进和管理其流程。有一些方法可以用来分析过程导向的成熟度状态。成熟度模型显示了特定公司在业务实践中对流程导向的接受程度。这项工作的研究旨在报告克罗地亚共和国公司流程导向的成熟度,并强调流程要素的重要性。为了分析问卷调查的结果,分析分类器的方法表明,克罗地亚公司目前处于过程导向成熟的定义阶段和相关阶段之间。这些研究结果表明,克罗地亚的公司需要改进流程导向的所有要素,以在流程成熟的更多阶段取得进展。
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引用次数: 0
IDENTIFYING THE IMPORTANCE OF APPLYING FUNDAMENTAL CRITERIA IN THE ELECTION OF WOMEN TO MANAGEMENT POSITIONS OF COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA 确认在选举妇女担任克罗地亚共和国各公司管理职位方面适用基本标准的重要性
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.8
Ž. Mateljak
Svako poduzeće tijekom svojeg poslovnog vijeka treba težiti izboru najstručnijih osoba na upravljačke pozicije s ciljem ostvarivanja boljega konkurentnog položaja na domaćim i međunarodnim tržištima. Prilikom izbora na upravljačke pozicije potrebno je primijeniti određene kriterije te poštovati temeljnu zakonsku proceduru preko upravnih organa kao što su skupština društva, upravni odbor i nadzorni odbor. U ovom radu naglasak je na identificiranju važnosti primjene kriterija prilikom izbora žena na upravljačke pozicije. Predmet je ovog rada prepoznati važnost primjene kriterija prilikom imenovanja žena na upravljačke pozicije poduzeća. Problem je u kojem stupnju važnosti poduzeća primjenjuju kriterije prilikom izbora žena na upravljačke pozicije u Republici Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je provedeno nad 1900 poduzeća u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se identificirani kriteriji primjenjuju prilikom izbora žena na upravljačke procese u Republici Hrvatskoj, ali u različitim stupnjevima važnosti.
每个企业都应该权衡在其商业世纪中选择最专业的管理职位,以在国内和国际市场上获得更好的竞争地位。管理职位的选择需要采用某些标准,并通过社会、管理委员会和监督委员会等行政机构遵守基本法律程序。我认为这是一个非常重要的问题。这项工作的目的是确定任命女性担任公司管理职位的标准的重要性。问题是,在选择妇女担任克罗地亚共和国管理职位时,企业的重要性适用标准。在克罗地亚共和国对1900多家公司进行了研究。研究结果表明,已确定的标准适用于克罗地亚共和国管理过程中妇女的选拔,但重要性不同。
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引用次数: 0
INNOVATIONS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: STRENGTHENING THE RESILIENCE OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL UNITS IN CROATIA TO THE CRISIS 公共部门的创新:加强克罗地亚地方和地区单位应对危机的能力
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.6
Irena Đokić, Ivana Rašić, Sunčana Slijepčević
Pandemija bolesti COVID-19 izazvala je ekonomske šokove te je potaknula rasprave o tome kako poboljšati otpornost lokalnih i regionalnih jedinica na krize. Inovacije javnog sektora predstavljaju izazov, ali donose koristi, posebno za vrijeme društveno-gospodarskih kriza. Rad istražuje provedbu inovacija u javnom sektoru na lokalnoj i regionalnoj razini. Dok se većina dosadašnjih istraživanja bavi istraživanjem uloge privatnog sektora u provedbi inovacija u javnom sektoru, u ovom je radu cilj istražiti sposobnost lokalnih i regionalnih jedinica za provedbu inovacija i prepreke za provedbu inovativnih aktivnosti iz perspektive lokalnih dionika. Istražuje se postoji li heterogenost između jedinica lokalne i regionalne samouprave te lokalnih razvojnih agencija i lokalnih akcijskih grupa u razini inovacija i, ako postoje, s kojim se preprekama lokalni dionici susreću pri uvođenju ili provedbi inovacija. Također, istražuje se i utjecaj identificiranih prepreka na proces uvođenja inovacija. Rezultati ukazuju na tri glavna čimbenika koji narušavaju proces uvođenja inovacija u javnom sektoru. To su prepreke vezane za kompetencije, birokratske prepreke i poteškoće u financiranju. Pri tome su kao najznačajnije prepreke procesa uvođenja inovacija u hrvatskom javnom sektoru identificirane financijske poteškoće te prepreke vezane za kompetencije.
新冠肺炎疫情造成了经济冲击,并鼓励讨论如何提高地方和区域力量对危机的抵抗力。公共部门的创新是一项挑战,但也有好处,尤其是在社会和经济危机期间。这项工作探讨了在地方和区域各级公共部门实施创新的问题。虽然最近的研究是关于私营部门在实施公共创新方面的作用,但其目的是从地方利益攸关方的角度探讨地方和区域单位实施创新的能力以及实施创新活动的障碍。调查了地方和地区政府单位、地方发展机构和创新层面的地方行动小组之间的异质性,以及地方利益相关者在引入或实施创新时遇到的障碍(如果有的话)。它还调查了已确定的创新障碍的影响。研究结果表明,影响公共创新进程的主要因素有三个。为了让你的财务状况良好,你可以在财务状况良好的情况下工作。这是克罗地亚公共部门创新的最重要障碍,已查明财政困难和能力障碍。
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引用次数: 0
CHARACTERISTICS OF INFORMAL VENTURE CAPITAL IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: QUANTITATIVE APPROACH 捷克共和国非正式风险投资的特征:量化方法
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.2
Lada Vejmělková
In this paper, the demographic and investment profiles of business angels operating in the Czech Republic are evaluated based on a sample of 78 angel investors. This is the first attempt to use data on investor activities from the Pitchbook database, which has become increasingly popular in academic research. Beyond the framework of descriptive statistical analysis, a multidimensional statistical investigation using cluster analysis was conducted. The results show that there are two groups of angel investors in the Czech Republic. The first group is represented by investors who predominantly have a large active portfolio, as well as the number of total completed investments. On the other hand, the second cluster is made up of investors who conduct a smaller number of investments and are also in the position of the founder of a start-up. Not surprisingly, there are two main locations of angel investors in the Czech Republic, Brno and Prague. Both categories of typical investors are united by some demographic characteristics; for example, the market is dominated by middle-aged men with a completed Master’s degree in Economics who invest in start-ups in the field of information and communication technologies. The main contribution of the paper consists in evaluating the demographic and investment profiles of angel investors operating in the Czech business environment. The results of the research have implications for upcoming research, the informal venture capital industry, and public policy beyond the Czech business environment, while developing tools for fostering an angel ecosystem. In today’s globalized world, the boundaries of angel investors are often blurred. Just as start-ups have ambitions to expand internationally, informal venture capitalists are increasingly making cross-border deals. From the perspective of both investee firms and policy makers, it is thus important to know the profiles of not only domestic but also foreign business angels, e.g. with regard to the setting of public support for foreign capital inflows.
本文以78名天使投资者为样本,对在捷克共和国经营的商业天使的人口统计和投资概况进行了评估。这是首次尝试使用Pitchbook数据库中的投资者活动数据,该数据库在学术研究中越来越受欢迎。除了描述性统计分析的框架外,还使用聚类分析进行了多维统计调查。结果显示,捷克共和国有两组天使投资者。第一组由主要拥有大量活跃投资组合以及已完成投资总额的投资者代表。另一方面,第二个集群由进行少量投资的投资者组成,他们也是初创企业的创始人。毫不奇怪,天使投资者在捷克共和国有两个主要地点,布尔诺和布拉格。这两类典型投资者都有一些人口统计学特征;例如,市场主要由拥有经济学硕士学位的中年男性主导,他们投资于信息和通信技术领域的初创企业。本文的主要贡献在于评估在捷克商业环境中运营的天使投资者的人口统计和投资概况。研究结果对即将进行的研究、非正规风险投资行业和捷克商业环境之外的公共政策都有影响,同时也为培育天使生态系统开发了工具。在当今全球化的世界里,天使投资者的界限往往是模糊的。正如初创企业有向国际扩张的雄心一样,非正规风险投资家也越来越多地进行跨境交易。因此,从被投资公司和政策制定者的角度来看,重要的是不仅要了解国内商业天使的概况,还要了解外国商业天使的状况,例如在设定公众对外国资本流入的支持方面。
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引用次数: 0
PRICE JUMPS IDENTIFICATION USING INTEGRATED VARIANCE ESTIMATORS 综合方差估计的价格跳跃识别
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.3
Josip Arnerić, Marcela Stürmer
Tehnološki napredak i sve veća dostupnost visokofrekventnih podataka, opaženih u jako kratkim vremenskim intervalima, primjerice, svake minute ili sekunde, omogućili su upotrebu potpunijih informacija za neparametarsku procjenu kontinuiranog stohastičkog procesa cijena. Pri tome se sastavnica skoka najčešće opisuje Poissonovim stohastičkim procesom, koja se kao aditivni član pridružuje komponentama Itôva procesa s vremenski promjenjivim parametrima. Pridruživanje skokova stohastičkom procesu cijena bitno mijenja tradicionalno shvaćanje modela vrednovanja financijske imovine te ima ozbiljne posljedice za upravljanje financijskim rizikom. Stoga su ciljevi ovoga rada teorijski obrazložiti uzroke i posljedice cjenovnih skokova, empirijski identificirati cjenovne skokove te utvrditi njihov doprinos ukupnoj varijanci prinosa na hrvatskom dioničkom tržištu. Budući da je realizirana varijanca zapravo procjena integrirane varijance (stohastičkog integrala), razvijeni su statistički testovi kojima se uspoređuju realizirana varijanca prinosa koja je robusna i ona koja nije robusna na cjenovne skokove. U tom kontekstu Barndorff-Nielsen i Shephardov test pokazuje da je u promatranom razdoblju intenzitet skokova 76,19%, a njihov doprinos ukupnoj varijanci prinosa CROBEX-a varira između 7,36% i 83,73%. Rezultati potvrđuju i da su cjenovni skokovi više izazvani općepoznatim šokovima nego neslaganjima među investitorima.
Tehnološki napredak i sve veća dostupnot visokofrekventnih podataka,opaženih u jako kratkim vremenskim intervalima,primjerice,svake minute ili sekunde,omogućili su upotrebu potpunijih informicija za neparamatarsku procjenu kontinuiranog stohastičkog procsa cijena。此外,跳跃库最常见的描述是泊松胃过程,它是Ito过程的一部分,具有随时间变化的参数作为附加成员。跳跃式库存过程的加入改变了对金融资产估值模型的传统理解,并对管理金融风险产生了严重后果。因此,这项工作的目的是对价格上涨的原因和后果进行理论化,通过经验权威机构确定价格,并确定其对克罗地亚供应市场整体变化的贡献。由于一个变量已经实际实现,因此通过比较稳健和非稳健价格跳跃变量的统计测试,开发了一个综合变量(胃积分)评估。在这种情况下,Barndorff Nielsen和Shephard的测试表明,在观察期间,跳跃的强度为76.19%,它们对CROBEX总体变化的贡献在7.36%至83.73%之间。研究结果证实,价格上涨更可能是由普遍冲击引起的,而不是投资者之间的分歧。
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引用次数: 0
MANAGERIAL PERCEPTIONS OF EXPORT BARRIERS: INSIGHTS FROM THE SURVEY WITH ICT COMPANIES IN KOSOVO 出口壁垒的管理观念:来自科索沃ict公司调查的见解
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.5
Zef Dedaj, B. Krasniqi
This study investigates the managerial perceptions of export barriers of Kosovo ICT companies and provides some policy proposals. For this purpose, the study uses a survey of owners or managers of the ICT companies in Kosovo. The data collected through an online questionnaire survey using a Qualtrics platform were analysed. The survey results reveal four significant export barriers: external institutional barriers, such as visa requirement for Kosovo to visit companies in EU and access to international markets, financing issues for scaling up and growth and human resources barriers, and difficulties in having comprehensive information about the target markets and finding the right partner. Findings from the factor analysis clustered barriers to export into four groups: (1) formal and informal institutions; (2) market information and networking; (3) skills, technical capacities, and quality standards; and (4) International branding, visa requirement and lack of government support. The findings will help boost the growth potential ICT sector, address their needs, and raise policy awareness of the importance of the ICT sector for generating employment and economic growth. The study provides critical practical implications and policy recommendations for government, business associations and ICT companies.
本研究调查了科索沃ICT公司的管理观念,并提供了一些政策建议。为此,该研究对科索沃ICT公司的所有者或经理进行了调查。通过使用Qualtrics平台的在线问卷调查收集的数据进行分析。调查结果揭示了四个主要的出口障碍:外部制度障碍,如科索沃访问欧盟公司和进入国际市场的签证要求,扩大和增长的融资问题和人力资源障碍,以及难以获得有关目标市场的全面信息和找到合适的合作伙伴。因子分析结果将出口壁垒分为四类:(1)正式制度和非正式制度;(2)市场信息和网络;(三)技能、技术能力和质量标准;(4)国际品牌、签证要求和缺乏政府支持。研究结果将有助于提升ICT行业的增长潜力,满足他们的需求,并提高对ICT行业在创造就业和经济增长方面重要性的政策认识。该研究为政府、商业协会和ICT公司提供了重要的实际意义和政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
EFFICENCY OF REGIONAL LABOUR-MARKETS IN CROATIA 克罗地亚区域劳动力市场的效率
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.7
Tibor Kovač
Ovaj rad istražuje ravnotežne razine nezaposlenosti Hrvatske i njezinih županija. Koristeći se metodologijom o efikasnoj razini nezaposlenosti, rad za svrhu ima ispitati koliko su promatrana tržišta rada udaljena od svoje efikasne razine, pri kojoj je rasipanje resursa prilikom traženja i nuđenja zaposlenja smanjeno. Rezultati upućuju da je od 2004. do 2021. efikasna razina nezaposlenosti u Hrvatskoj iznosila 13,78% te da je stvarna razina nezaposlenosti u prosjeku bila 4 postotna boda viša od efikasne. Nakon recesije tržište rada u Hrvatskoj postaje napeto. Županije istočne Hrvatske najbliže su efikasnim razinama nezaposlenosti, ali su one iznimno visoke. Takvi rezultati upućuju na dublje strukturne probleme na tom području. S druge strane, županije središnje i sjeverne Hrvatske imaju, u prosjeku, najniže efikasne razine nezaposlenosti, ali i najveći negativni Beveridgeov jaz, što ističe potrebu za kreiranjem migracijske politike kako bi se odgovorilo na potrebe tržišta rada.
这项工作调查了克罗地亚及其热乌帕尼亚的失业水平的平衡。利用有效的失业方法,研究劳动力市场离其有效水平有多远,在寻找和提供工作时资源会耗尽。结果表明,自2004年以来,直到2021年。razina nezapolenosti u Hrvatskoj iznosila 13,78%的人在出生后4天内出生。在克罗地亚劳动力市场衰退之后,市场变得紧张起来。克罗地亚东南部最接近实际失业水平,但失业率极高。这些结果表明该地区存在更深层次的结构性问题。另一方面,克罗地亚中部和北部的日本有效失业率最低,但负面贝弗里奇语也最差,这突出表明需要制定移民政策来满足劳动力市场的需求。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF FAN IDENTIFICATION AND PERCEIVED GROUP NORMS ON FANS' PURCHASING INTENTIONS TOWARDS CURRENT AND FORMER FOOTBALL CLUB SPONSOR 球迷认同和感知群体规范对球迷对现任和前任足球俱乐部赞助商购买意愿的影响
Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.11
Mario Pepur, Goran Dedić, Duje Rogulj
Sports, due to its publicity and social role is an exceptional channel for sponsorship activities. In addition to marketing of sports, goal of sports marketing is marketing through sports. This paper explores changes in fans’ buying intentions toward current and former sponsors when a change of a football club’s main sponsor occurs. Additionally, the role of fan identification and perceived group norms on purchasing intentions is explored. The research was conducted on a sample of 370 respondents. The results of hierarchical regression analysis show that fan identification and perceived group norms are significant predictors of purchasing intentions. Higher values of the Fan Identification and the Perceived Group Norms (PGN) indexes are related to the more pronounced intention to buy more often with the current and less often with the former sponsor. The research confirms the mediating role of PGN in relation to the HFI index and purchase intentions. This work contributes to knowledge by providing insights into the dynamics of fans’ purchase intentions in the specific situation of sponsor change.
体育由于其公共性和社会作用,是赞助活动的特殊渠道。除了体育营销,体育营销的目标是通过体育进行营销。本文探讨了当足球俱乐部的主赞助商发生变化时,球迷对现任和前任赞助商的购买意愿的变化。此外,本研究还探讨了粉丝认同和群体规范对购买意愿的影响。该研究对370名受访者进行了抽样调查。层次回归分析结果显示,粉丝认同和群体规范感知是购买意愿的显著预测因子。球迷认同和群体知觉规范(PGN)指数越高,与当前赞助商的购买意愿越明显,与前赞助商的购买意愿越明显有关。研究证实了PGN在HFI指数与购买意愿之间的中介作用。这项工作有助于了解在赞助商变更的具体情况下球迷购买意愿的动态变化。
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引用次数: 0
ANALYSIS OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION OF GENERATIONS Z AND Y z世代和y世代的创业取向分析
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.12
Ivana Bekić, Jadranka Ivanković, Andrea Bednjanec
Poduzetnički način razmišljanja može se opisati kao sposobnost uočavanja poduzetničkih prilika, sklonost proaktivnom i inovativnom djelovanju te spremnost za preuzimanje rizika. Poduzetnički način razmišljanja i djelovanja jedan je od ključnih pokretača svake privrede. Rad se bavi analizom poduzetničke orijentacije pripadnika Y i Z generacije koji će u skorije vrijeme činiti većinu radno i poduzetnički aktivne populacije. U radu se prikazuju rezultati provedenog istraživanja odrednica poduzetničke orijentacije na uzorku od 216 studenata Y generacije i 322 studenta Z generacije. Polazne pretpostavke istraživanja, postavljene na temelju prethodnog pregleda literature, bile su da se pripadnici Y i Z generacije međusobno razlikuju prema odrednicama poduzetničke orijentacije (inovativnosti, proaktivnosti i preuzimanja rizika) te da su pripadnici Z generacije proaktivniji, inovativniji i skloniji preuzimanju rizika u odnosu na pripadnike Y generacije. Na temelju rezultata provedenog istraživanja potvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u dimenzijama poduzetničke orijentacije između pripadnika različitih generacija, ali u korist pripadnika Y generacije.
创业思维方式可以被描述为看到创业机会的能力、积极主动和创新的倾向以及冒险的意愿。企业家的思维和行为方式是每个经济体的关键驱动力之一。这项工作分析了Y和Z一代的创业取向,这将很快使大多数工作和创业活跃人群。在216名Y学生和322名Z学生的样本中进行的创业导向研究的结果显示在工作中。Polazne prepostavke istraživanja,postavljene na temelju prethodnog prepregleda文学,bile su da se pripadnici Y i Z generaacije meŞusobno razlikuju prema odrednicama poduzetničke orijentacije。事实证明,这是一个很好的例子。
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引用次数: 0
TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE OF LONG-TERM CARE SYSTEM IN SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES 部分经合组织国家长期护理制度的全要素生产率变化
IF 0.5 Q4 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.17818/emip/2023/1.1
Lana Kordić, Josipa Višić
The population is ageing, which has many social and economic implications, and one of them is an increase in demand for institutional long-term care for the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyse the change and to detect whether there are differences between twelve selected OECD countries in the period 2014-2019 in regard to the values of total factor productivity of long-term care system for the population aged 65 and over these countries. The Malmquist – DEA performance measure, under the assumption of the variable returns to scale (BCC model) and by using the input-oriented model, has been used to obtain the patterns of productivity change. The number of long-term workers and the number of beds in residential long-term care facilities are selected as input variables, while the number of long-term care recipients has been used as an output variable. According to obtained results, the total factor productivity in selected OECD countries increased by 1.023% in the analysed period. The increase is mainly a consequence of a 1.018% increase in technical efficiency, which emphasises an increase in managerial relative efficiency. Results obtained for Turkey indicate the highest productivity increase, accompanied by both a rise in technical efficiency and in technological change. Additionally, an increase in technical change that reflects a catch-up effect and a modest increase in technological change, indicating a lack of innovation altogether, resulted in an average productivity increase of 1.02% over the analysed period.
人口老龄化具有许多社会和经济影响,其中之一是对老年人机构长期护理的需求增加。因此,本文的目的是分析这一变化,并检测2014-2019年期间,12个选定的经合组织国家在65岁及以上人口的长期护理系统全要素生产率方面是否存在差异。在可变规模回报率(BCC模型)的假设下,通过使用面向投入的模型,Malmquist–DEA绩效测度已被用于获得生产率变化模式。长期工作者的数量和住宿长期护理机构的床位数量被选为输入变量,而长期护理接受者的数量被用作输出变量。根据获得的结果,选定的经合组织国家的全要素生产率在分析期内增长了1.023%。这一增长主要是由于技术效率提高了1.018%,强调了管理相对效率的提高。土耳其的结果表明,生产力增长最高,同时技术效率和技术变革也有所提高。此外,技术变革的增加反映了追赶效应,而技术变革的适度增加表明完全缺乏创新,导致分析期间的平均生产率提高了1.02%。
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Ekonomska Misao i Praksa-Economic Thought and Practice
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