Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100106
D. Bondarev, K. Bochaver, V. Barkoukis
Anti-doping represents a global system where an athlete is in the center of a control and regulations. The perception of legitimacy is important for compliance with rules and regulation within the anti-doping system. However, the concept of legitimacy in anti-doping is not sufficiently defined, which makes it difficult to develop psychodiagnostic tools for its assessment within the framework of relevant psychological theories. The aim of this study is to review psychological literature on legitimacy perception and identify a framework within which legitimacy can be studied in anti-doping area. Reviewed data were structured by three categories of legitimacy: “proper”, “just” and “appropriate” and a respective matrix for a focus group interview had been developed. Four focus-group interviews had been conducted among Russian competitive athletes (N=22). The focus-group interviews revealed three main themes: trust to anti-doping organizations, equal and transparent anti-doping rules and possibility for athletes to influence anti-doping policy. Legitimacy of anti-doping is an important psychological construct that may be operationalized through the perception that anti-doping is functioning proper, just and appropriate. In addition, athletes voiced their concerns on the transparent and equal implementation of the anti-doping rules and possibility to influence anti-doping policy.
{"title":"The Phenomenon of Anti-Doping Policy Legitimacy in the Social Psychology of Sports","authors":"D. Bondarev, K. Bochaver, V. Barkoukis","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100106","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-doping represents a global system where an athlete is in the center of a control and regulations. The perception of legitimacy is important for compliance with rules and regulation within the anti-doping system. However, the concept of legitimacy in anti-doping is not sufficiently defined, which makes it difficult to develop psychodiagnostic tools for its assessment within the framework of relevant psychological theories. The aim of this study is to review psychological literature on legitimacy perception and identify a framework within which legitimacy can be studied in anti-doping area. Reviewed data were structured by three categories of legitimacy: “proper”, “just” and “appropriate” and a respective matrix for a focus group interview had been developed. Four focus-group interviews had been conducted among Russian competitive athletes (N=22). The focus-group interviews revealed three main themes: trust to anti-doping organizations, equal and transparent anti-doping rules and possibility for athletes to influence anti-doping policy. Legitimacy of anti-doping is an important psychological construct that may be operationalized through the perception that anti-doping is functioning proper, just and appropriate. In addition, athletes voiced their concerns on the transparent and equal implementation of the anti-doping rules and possibility to influence anti-doping policy.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"17 1","pages":"100-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80190117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100111
R. Prokhorov
The article discusses the scientific activities of a prominent clinical psychologist, methodologist, professor T.I. Tepenitsyna. The main scientific interests of the scientist are highlighted, including the problems of studying thinking, attention, issues of professional selection and vocational guidance, clinical study and psychocorrection of school-age children. Long-term teaching work in various pedagogical universities is shown in a brief review of publications on the organization of training students in psychological disciplines and teaching practice.
{"title":"Scientific Contribution of Professor T.I. Tepenitsina in the Development of the Moscow School of Psychology","authors":"R. Prokhorov","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100111","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the scientific activities of a prominent clinical psychologist, methodologist, professor T.I. Tepenitsyna. The main scientific interests of the scientist are highlighted, including the problems of studying thinking, attention, issues of professional selection and vocational guidance, clinical study and psychocorrection of school-age children. Long-term teaching work in various pedagogical universities is shown in a brief review of publications on the organization of training students in psychological disciplines and teaching practice.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"37 1","pages":"224-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78339561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100109
T. Meshkova, E. Gavrilova
Были изучены особенности отношения к телу взрослых людей (от 21 года до 65 лет, средний возраст — 40,8 лет) с последствиями детского церебрального паралича (13 человек) и спинальной травмы (15 человек) разной степени тяжести и у 40 условно здоровых взрослых от 20 до 64 лет (средний возраст —35,3 лет). Респондентам предъявлялись два опросника с позитивными высказываниями, направленные на оценку положительного отношения к телу и его функциональности (Body Appreciation Scale и Functionality Appreciation Scale), а также составленный авторами опросник для оценки негативного отношения к телу лиц с видимыми нарушениями и невербальная методика для непосредственной количественной оценки удовлетворенности отдельными участками тела. Обнаружено, что методики, направленные на оценку удовлетворенности отдельными участками тела или оценку негативного отношения к телу, выявляют достоверные различия между группой взрослых людей с последствиями детского церебрального паралича и спинальной травмы и группой условно здоровых людей. Обнаружены более низкие показатели оценки тела при патологии независимо от ее типа и тяжести. Опросники с позитивными высказываниями таких различий не обнаруживают. Уровень позитивного отношения к телу при двигательной патологии аналогичен тому, который наблюдается в нормативной группе респондентов. Анализ взаимодействия факторов вида и тяжести патологии выявляет значимые различия в оценке отдельных частей тела (в особенности ног и ягодиц): лица с тяжелыми последствиями детского церебрального паралича оценивают участки своего тела наиболее высоко, лица с тяжелыми формами спинальной травмы, напротив, наиболее низко. Обсуждается важность концепции позитивного образа тела для реабилитации лиц с двигательными нарушениями.
{"title":"The Features of Attitude to the Body of Persons with Consequences of Cerebral Palsy and Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"T. Meshkova, E. Gavrilova","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100109","url":null,"abstract":"Были изучены особенности отношения к телу взрослых людей (от 21 года до 65 лет, средний возраст — 40,8 лет) с последствиями детского церебрального паралича (13 человек) и спинальной травмы (15 человек) разной степени тяжести и у 40 условно здоровых взрослых от 20 до 64 лет (средний возраст —35,3 лет). Респондентам предъявлялись два опросника с позитивными высказываниями, направленные на оценку положительного отношения к телу и его функциональности (Body Appreciation Scale и Functionality Appreciation Scale), а также составленный авторами опросник для оценки негативного отношения к телу лиц с видимыми нарушениями и невербальная методика для непосредственной количественной оценки удовлетворенности отдельными участками тела. Обнаружено, что методики, направленные на оценку удовлетворенности отдельными участками тела или оценку негативного отношения к телу, выявляют достоверные различия между группой взрослых людей с последствиями детского церебрального паралича и спинальной травмы и группой условно здоровых людей. Обнаружены более низкие показатели оценки тела при патологии независимо от ее типа и тяжести. Опросники с позитивными высказываниями таких различий не обнаруживают. Уровень позитивного отношения к телу при двигательной патологии аналогичен тому, который наблюдается в нормативной группе респондентов. Анализ взаимодействия факторов вида и тяжести патологии выявляет значимые различия в оценке отдельных частей тела (в особенности ног и ягодиц): лица с тяжелыми последствиями детского церебрального паралича оценивают участки своего тела наиболее высоко, лица с тяжелыми формами спинальной травмы, напротив, наиболее низко. Обсуждается важность концепции позитивного образа тела для реабилитации лиц с двигательными нарушениями.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"38 1","pages":"180-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80055419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100108
Paweł Larionow, E. Ageenkova, V.S. Smeyan
In connection with the spread of a culture of violence in modern society the problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents takes on new impetus. For a comprehensive consideration of this problem, one should take into account not only the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects of the personality relations system, but also its relations with the world, which can be expressed in the two forms of the belief in a just world — general belief in a just world and personal belief in a just world. 70 Belarusian and 109 Ukrainian adolescents completed two questionnaires: the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Just World Scale by C. Dalbert. It was found that Belarusian adolescents are characterized by lower aggression compared to Ukrainian ones. The relationship between aggression and the two forms of belief in a just world (general and personal belief in a just world) is negative among Belarusians and Ukrainian adolescents. Belarusian and Ukrainian adolescents on average believe that the world is “rather fair”. This indicates a similar view of the world among adolescents in both cultures.
{"title":"Aggression and Belief in a Just World Among Adolescents from Belarus and Ukraine: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Paweł Larionow, E. Ageenkova, V.S. Smeyan","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100108","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the spread of a culture of violence in modern society the problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents takes on new impetus. For a comprehensive consideration of this problem, one should take into account not only the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects of the personality relations system, but also its relations with the world, which can be expressed in the two forms of the belief in a just world — general belief in a just world and personal belief in a just world. 70 Belarusian and 109 Ukrainian adolescents completed two questionnaires: the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Just World Scale by C. Dalbert. It was found that Belarusian adolescents are characterized by lower aggression compared to Ukrainian ones. The relationship between aggression and the two forms of belief in a just world (general and personal belief in a just world) is negative among Belarusians and Ukrainian adolescents. Belarusian and Ukrainian adolescents on average believe that the world is “rather fair”. This indicates a similar view of the world among adolescents in both cultures.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"38 1","pages":"150-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75406098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100107
M. Ermolaeva, D. Lubovsky
The study presents a model of the clinical and psychological picture of our contemporaries' experience of tragic events related to the COVID-19 pandemic It is shown that the deformation of everyday life under the influence of threatening circumstances sharpened the features of the clinical and psychological picture of everyday life of our contemporaries As the most significant features, the authors note experiences of the type of traumatic stress (fear of losing a job, experience of limited movement, concern about the problems of the near and distant future, in connection with the transition to remote work, fear of the lack of clear prospects for the future), as well as experiences that create a risk of reducing social interest (a decrease in the level of direct interpersonal contacts, boredom due to a decrease in social and intellectual activity, feelings of helplessness and impotence, fear of loss of autonomy and independence) It is shown that the psychological characteristics of modern people, especially young people and adolescents (representatives of Y and Z generations), create obstacles to the application of the experience of coping with the difficulties of previous generations due to the widespread postmodern worldview with its characteristic features The tendency of modern existential psychotherapy and positive psychology to accept suffering as an experience necessary for personal growth is shown As a metaphor for the spiritual life of a contemporary and the inability to help people in need of help, the authors cite the images of the film "Mirror for the Hero" (1987) because of their special relevance in our time The directions of psychological assistance that allows to release the resources of coping with the situation are revealed The prospects of studying the clinical and psychological picture of the mental life of people during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered
{"title":"Existential Foundations of the Clinical and Psychological Picture of Our Time Tragedy","authors":"M. Ermolaeva, D. Lubovsky","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100107","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents a model of the clinical and psychological picture of our contemporaries' experience of tragic events related to the COVID-19 pandemic It is shown that the deformation of everyday life under the influence of threatening circumstances sharpened the features of the clinical and psychological picture of everyday life of our contemporaries As the most significant features, the authors note experiences of the type of traumatic stress (fear of losing a job, experience of limited movement, concern about the problems of the near and distant future, in connection with the transition to remote work, fear of the lack of clear prospects for the future), as well as experiences that create a risk of reducing social interest (a decrease in the level of direct interpersonal contacts, boredom due to a decrease in social and intellectual activity, feelings of helplessness and impotence, fear of loss of autonomy and independence) It is shown that the psychological characteristics of modern people, especially young people and adolescents (representatives of Y and Z generations), create obstacles to the application of the experience of coping with the difficulties of previous generations due to the widespread postmodern worldview with its characteristic features The tendency of modern existential psychotherapy and positive psychology to accept suffering as an experience necessary for personal growth is shown As a metaphor for the spiritual life of a contemporary and the inability to help people in need of help, the authors cite the images of the film \"Mirror for the Hero\" (1987) because of their special relevance in our time The directions of psychological assistance that allows to release the resources of coping with the situation are revealed The prospects of studying the clinical and psychological picture of the mental life of people during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"6 1","pages":"132-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80539814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2021100104
A. Faustova
The article summarizes empirical studies on the problem of genetic predisposition to post-traumatic stress disorder. It is showed that the development of some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder is caused by neurobiological mechanisms, the functioning of which depends on the expression of specific genes. Differences in the effectiveness of the use of certain types of psychological assistance can also be associated with the influence of genetic factors. A review of the most relevant patterns is presented. More specifically, this is the effect of the gene of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as the genes of serotonergic (SLC6A4, SLC6A3), dopaminergic (DRD2, COMT), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (FKBP5, ADCYAP1) systems on the manifestation of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Based on the results of genome-wide association studies, assumptions are made about the role of genes (RORA, NLGN1, TLL-1, PARK2, PODXL, SH3RF3, and ZDHHC14) in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder. The issue of the applicability of genetic testing in the practice of psychological assistance to individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder is considered. The question of the applicability of genetic testing to improve the diagnosis and development of a personalized strategy for clinical and psychological intervention is discussed.
{"title":"Current Views on the Genetic Markers of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"A. Faustova","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2021100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2021100104","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes empirical studies on the problem of genetic predisposition to post-traumatic stress disorder. It is showed that the development of some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder is caused by neurobiological mechanisms, the functioning of which depends on the expression of specific genes. Differences in the effectiveness of the use of certain types of psychological assistance can also be associated with the influence of genetic factors. A review of the most relevant patterns is presented. More specifically, this is the effect of the gene of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as the genes of serotonergic (SLC6A4, SLC6A3), dopaminergic (DRD2, COMT), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (FKBP5, ADCYAP1) systems on the manifestation of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Based on the results of genome-wide association studies, assumptions are made about the role of genes (RORA, NLGN1, TLL-1, PARK2, PODXL, SH3RF3, and ZDHHC14) in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder. The issue of the applicability of genetic testing in the practice of psychological assistance to individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder is considered. The question of the applicability of genetic testing to improve the diagnosis and development of a personalized strategy for clinical and psychological intervention is discussed.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"38 1","pages":"61-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74791805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17759/CPSE.2020090411
E. Kats, T. Kolosova, V. Sorokin
The article is devoted to the scientific heritage and life path of the professor of the faculty of psychology A.V. Yarmolenko. The scientific research of A.V. Yarmolenko was largely determined by the ideas of her teacher V.M. Ankylosing spondylitis - the founder of the St. Petersburg psychological school. First of all, these are the ideas of an integrated approach, as well as the study of pathological phenomena as a method of understanding normal psychology. The position that the mental development of abnormal and normal children proceeds according to the same laws is also important. A.V. Yarmolenko carried out the first multilateral clinical and psychological study of the ontogenetic characteristics of children with simultaneous visual and hearing impairment.
{"title":"Augusta Viktorovna Yarmolenko: Selected Pages of a Scientific Biography ((to the Anniversary of 120th birthday))","authors":"E. Kats, T. Kolosova, V. Sorokin","doi":"10.17759/CPSE.2020090411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/CPSE.2020090411","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the scientific heritage and life path of the professor of the faculty of psychology A.V. Yarmolenko. The scientific research of A.V. Yarmolenko was largely determined by the ideas of her teacher V.M. Ankylosing spondylitis - the founder of the St. Petersburg psychological school. First of all, these are the ideas of an integrated approach, as well as the study of pathological phenomena as a method of understanding normal psychology. The position that the mental development of abnormal and normal children proceeds according to the same laws is also important. A.V. Yarmolenko carried out the first multilateral clinical and psychological study of the ontogenetic characteristics of children with simultaneous visual and hearing impairment.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77592766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2020090205
V. Gritsenko, A. Reznik, V. Konstantinov, T. Marinova, N. Khamenka, R. Isralowitz
The article presents data on the experience of fear about the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), depending on the severity of personality basic beliefs Authors interviewed 950 people aged 12 to 74 years (average age is 35 years) The study was conducted in March 2020 online The intensity of fear about the coronavirus was studied using the COVID-19 fear scale developed by a team of scientists from Hong Kong, Iran, the United Kingdom and Sweden The scale was tested for reliability and validity in the Iranian, Russian and Belarusian samples (Ahorsu D K et al , 2020;Reznik A et al , 2020) The personality basic beliefs were diagnosed using the Scale of Basic Beliefs developed by R Janoff-Bulman (translation and adaptation by O A Kravtsova) (Soldatova G U et al , 2008) Revealed that more than a third of the subjects have a high level of fear about the coronavirus Showed that the low intensity of fear about the COVID-19 disease is associated with the severity of personality basic beliefs Concluded that the personality basic beliefs in goodness and justice of the world around, the values and importance of own “Self” can act as psychological resources for coping a tough situation in life, the specificity of which is due to the fear about the coronavirus disease Исследуется переживание страха перед коронавирусным заболеванием (COVID-19) в зависимости от выраженности базисных убеждений личности Обследованы 950 человек в возрасте от 12 и до 74 лет (средний возраст - 35 лет) Исследование проводилось в марте 2020 года, в онлайн-формате Использовались Шкала страха COVID-19 D K Ahorsu и др , 2020 (перевод и адаптация А Д Резник и др , 2020) и Шкала базисных убеждений Р Янов-Бульман (перевод и адаптация О А Кравцовой) Выявлено, что больше трети испытуемых имеют высокий уровень переживания страха перед коронавирусной инфекцией Выраженность базисных убеждений личности сопровождается низким уровнем переживания страха перед COVID-19 Делается вывод о том, что базисные убеждения личности, в первую очередь, убеждение в ценности и значимости собственного «Я», выступают в качестве психологического ресурса преодоления жизненной ситуации, специфика которой обусловлена переживанием страха перед коронавирусным заболеванием В то же время у респондентов мужского пола обнаружена высокая степень выраженности убеждения относительно собственной ценности, сопряженная как с низким, так и с высоким уровнем страха, что свидетельствует о нелинейной связи между переживанием страха и базисными убеждениями личности и требует дальнейшего ее изучения
作者采访了950名年龄在12岁至74岁之间(平均年龄为35岁)的人，该研究于2020年3月在网上进行。对冠状病毒的恐惧程度使用了由来自香港、伊朗、该量表在伊朗、俄罗斯和白俄罗斯样本中进行了信度和效度测试(Ahorsu D K et al, 2020;Reznik A et al, 2020)。人格基本信念诊断使用R Janoff-Bulman (O A Kravtsova翻译和改编)(Soldatova G U et al，2008)揭示了超过三分之一的受试者对冠状病毒有高度的恐惧，表明对COVID-19疾病的低强度恐惧与人格基本信念的严重程度有关。结论人格基本信念对周围世界的善良和正义，对自己“自我”的价值观和重要性可以作为应对生活困境的心理资源。的特异性是由于担心冠状病毒病Исследуетсяпереживаниестрахапередкоронавируснымзаболеванием(COVID-19)взависимостиотвыраженностибазисныхубежденийличностиОбследованы950человекввозрастеот12ид74олет(среднийвозраст- 35лет)Исследованиепроводилосьвмарт2020егода,вонлайн-форматеИспользовалисьШкаластрахаCOVID-19 D K Ahorsuидр,2020(переводиадаптацияАДРезникидр,2020)иШкалабазисныхубежденийРЯнов——Бульман(переводиадаптацияОАКравцовой)Выявлено,чтобольшетретииспытуемыхимеютвысокийуровеньпереживаниястрахапередкоронавируснойинфекциейВыраженностьбазисныхубежденийличностисопровождаетсянизкимуровнемпереживаниястрахапередCOVID-19Делаетсявыводотом,чтобазисныеубежденияличности,впервуюочередь,убеждениевценностиизначимостисобственного«Я»,выступаютвкачествепсихологическогоресурсапреодоленияжизненнойситуаци,испецификакоторойобусловленапереживаниемстрахапередкоронавируснымзаболеваниемВтожевремяуреспондентовмужскогополаобнаруженавысокаястепеньвыраженностиубежденияотносительнособственнойценности,сопряженнаякакснизким,такисвысокимуровнемстраха,чтосвидетельствуетонелинейнойсвязимеждупереживаниемстрахаибазиснымиубеждениямиличностиитребуетдальнейшегоееизучения
{"title":"Fear of Сoronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Basic Personality Beliefs","authors":"V. Gritsenko, A. Reznik, V. Konstantinov, T. Marinova, N. Khamenka, R. Isralowitz","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2020090205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090205","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on the experience of fear about the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), depending on the severity of personality basic beliefs Authors interviewed 950 people aged 12 to 74 years (average age is 35 years) The study was conducted in March 2020 online The intensity of fear about the coronavirus was studied using the COVID-19 fear scale developed by a team of scientists from Hong Kong, Iran, the United Kingdom and Sweden The scale was tested for reliability and validity in the Iranian, Russian and Belarusian samples (Ahorsu D K et al , 2020;Reznik A et al , 2020) The personality basic beliefs were diagnosed using the Scale of Basic Beliefs developed by R Janoff-Bulman (translation and adaptation by O A Kravtsova) (Soldatova G U et al , 2008) Revealed that more than a third of the subjects have a high level of fear about the coronavirus Showed that the low intensity of fear about the COVID-19 disease is associated with the severity of personality basic beliefs Concluded that the personality basic beliefs in goodness and justice of the world around, the values and importance of own “Self” can act as psychological resources for coping a tough situation in life, the specificity of which is due to the fear about the coronavirus disease Исследуется переживание страха перед коронавирусным заболеванием (COVID-19) в зависимости от выраженности базисных убеждений личности Обследованы 950 человек в возрасте от 12 и до 74 лет (средний возраст - 35 лет) Исследование проводилось в марте 2020 года, в онлайн-формате Использовались Шкала страха COVID-19 D K Ahorsu и др , 2020 (перевод и адаптация А Д Резник и др , 2020) и Шкала базисных убеждений Р Янов-Бульман (перевод и адаптация О А Кравцовой) Выявлено, что больше трети испытуемых имеют высокий уровень переживания страха перед коронавирусной инфекцией Выраженность базисных убеждений личности сопровождается низким уровнем переживания страха перед COVID-19 Делается вывод о том, что базисные убеждения личности, в первую очередь, убеждение в ценности и значимости собственного «Я», выступают в качестве психологического ресурса преодоления жизненной ситуации, специфика которой обусловлена переживанием страха перед коронавирусным заболеванием В то же время у респондентов мужского пола обнаружена высокая степень выраженности убеждения относительно собственной ценности, сопряженная как с низким, так и с высоким уровнем страха, что свидетельствует о нелинейной связи между переживанием страха и базисными убеждениями личности и требует дальнейшего ее изучения","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"175 1","pages":"99-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74891543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2020090101
A. Badalov, S. Brovkina, M. Arpentieva, S. Kalinin, G. Kassymova
Modern clinical psychology focuses on the problems of the culturological layer, the cultural background and consequences of the formation and development of productive and destructive anomalies, including the abnormal aspects of creative giftedness, the associated and accompanying anomalies of behavior, values expressed in deviations, borderline states, psychoses and somatoses. Endowment with its considerable diversity is a universal phenomenon. Moreover, and like any universal, it can be understood and described in the unity of its cultural, social, psychological and physiological aspects. The article discusses the basics of the organization of the archetype of intellectual function from the standpoint of historical and culturalological genesis. The wide mythological context of the formation of properties, attributes, and symbolic identification inherent in the archetype of the intellectual function is discussed. The statement is postulated that archetypal structures are not only a priori existing mechanisms of cognition from the point of view of the formation of an individual’s mental experience at an early age, but also affect all subsequent processes of development of a person’s cognitive functioning in norm and clinical situations. The concept of “Icarus complex” is introduced as the desired anthropic form of the archetype under study and as a promising model for further research in clinical psychology.
{"title":"The Archetype of Intellectual Activity: A Modern Methodology for the Description of the Protophenomenon","authors":"A. Badalov, S. Brovkina, M. Arpentieva, S. Kalinin, G. Kassymova","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2020090101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090101","url":null,"abstract":"Modern clinical psychology focuses on the problems of the culturological layer, the cultural background and consequences of the formation and development of productive and destructive anomalies, including the abnormal aspects of creative giftedness, the associated and accompanying anomalies of behavior, values expressed in deviations, borderline states, psychoses and somatoses. Endowment with its considerable diversity is a universal phenomenon. Moreover, and like any universal, it can be understood and described in the unity of its cultural, social, psychological and physiological aspects. The article discusses the basics of the organization of the archetype of intellectual function from the standpoint of historical and culturalological genesis. The wide mythological context of the formation of properties, attributes, and symbolic identification inherent in the archetype of the intellectual function is discussed. The statement is postulated that archetypal structures are not only a priori existing mechanisms of cognition from the point of view of the formation of an individual’s mental experience at an early age, but also affect all subsequent processes of development of a person’s cognitive functioning in norm and clinical situations. The concept of “Icarus complex” is introduced as the desired anthropic form of the archetype under study and as a promising model for further research in clinical psychology.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86383529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2020090202
O. Sagalakova, O. Zhirnova, D. V. Truevtsev
An analytical review of the directions for auditory hallucinations (AH) interventions in the context of the development of ideas about the phenomenon of “voices” is presented. The transformation of methodological approaches evolves from the conceptualization of hallucinations as “perceptions without an object” and “production of sick brain” to an acknowledgment of the connection with the stimulus and the significance of the subject's activity; from the concept of AH as a symptom to the analysis of perception as a mediated activity, the differentiation of AH cognitive and perceptual models. Changes in conceptualization determine the contemporary goals of the intervention. In the cultural-activity approach methods are used to improve the psychological state based on the comprehension of the systemic nature of the defect in mental activity. The limitations of comparing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy are shown. In the development of evidence-based intervention strategies the integration of cultural-activity approach thesis and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) models is productive. Within the framework of the “third wave” CBT and therapy based on social relations the leading techniques for adapting to “voices” are presented. Conceptualization the mechanisms of AH allows to move from the goal of intervention related to adaptation in defect – to distress reduction, increase the controllability of AH, to overcoming the consequences of psychosis.
{"title":"Transformation of Methodological Understanding about “Voices” and Versions of Interventions by Experts in the Field of Auditory Hallucinations","authors":"O. Sagalakova, O. Zhirnova, D. V. Truevtsev","doi":"10.17759/cpse.2020090202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090202","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical review of the directions for auditory hallucinations (AH) interventions in the context of the development of ideas about the phenomenon of “voices” is presented. The transformation of methodological approaches evolves from the conceptualization of hallucinations as “perceptions without an object” and “production of sick brain” to an acknowledgment of the connection with the stimulus and the significance of the subject's activity; from the concept of AH as a symptom to the analysis of perception as a mediated activity, the differentiation of AH cognitive and perceptual models. Changes in conceptualization determine the contemporary goals of the intervention. In the cultural-activity approach methods are used to improve the psychological state based on the comprehension of the systemic nature of the defect in mental activity. The limitations of comparing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy are shown. In the development of evidence-based intervention strategies the integration of cultural-activity approach thesis and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) models is productive. Within the framework of the “third wave” CBT and therapy based on social relations the leading techniques for adapting to “voices” are presented. Conceptualization the mechanisms of AH allows to move from the goal of intervention related to adaptation in defect – to distress reduction, increase the controllability of AH, to overcoming the consequences of psychosis.","PeriodicalId":42143,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology and Special Education","volume":"36 1","pages":"34-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81732860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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