{"title":"Impact of Conditional Transfer Programs on Time Allocation in Unpaid Work in Women and Men from Colombia","authors":"Edgar Marcillo, C. Mullally, M. Reimão","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114488663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Author(s): Kurani, Kenneth; Buch, Koral | Abstract: While ownership and purchase of all vehicles approach gender parity, to date electric vehicles (EV) are being purchased by far more men than women. Prior analysis from California finds no reason in the available data why this difference persists. This report extends that analysis across 12 other U.S. states with varying, but generally less supportive than California, EV policy and market contexts. Data are from a survey conducted of new-car buying households at the end of 2014, which allowed participants to express their prospective interest in acquiring an EV. Participants then indicated why they were motivated to select an EV or what motivated them to not select one. Via multivariate modeling, differences in prospective interest in EVs between female and male respondents are examined, and overall, no difference rises to the level of the observed differences in real EV markets. Further, the multivariate modeling indicates no statistically significant effect of a sex indicator on prospective interest almost anywhere in these data; where there is a difference, female participants are estimated to be more likely to select an EV than their male counterparts. While participants from both sexes tend to give high scores to the same EV (de)motivations, differences in their rank orders repeat generalizations from other research. On average, female respondents score environmental motivations for selecting an EV higher than do male respondents. On average, male participants score interest in “new technology” as a motivation for selecting an EV higher than do female participants. Conversely, on average female respondents who do not select an EV score “unfamiliar technology” more highly than their male counterparts. Within the variation in EV policy and market contexts represented in this study, no finding here explains why similar prospective interest in EVs from five years ago has yet to be turned toward equal participation in EV markets. Explanations may lie in factors not modeled here.View the NCST Project Webpage
{"title":"Across Early Policy and Market Contexts Women and Men Show Similar Interest in Electric Vehicles","authors":"K. Kurani, K. Buch","doi":"10.7922/G28S4N77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7922/G28S4N77","url":null,"abstract":"Author(s): Kurani, Kenneth; Buch, Koral | Abstract: While ownership and purchase of all vehicles approach gender parity, to date electric vehicles (EV) are being purchased by far more men than women. Prior analysis from California finds no reason in the available data why this difference persists. This report extends that analysis across 12 other U.S. states with varying, but generally less supportive than California, EV policy and market contexts. Data are from a survey conducted of new-car buying households at the end of 2014, which allowed participants to express their prospective interest in acquiring an EV. Participants then indicated why they were motivated to select an EV or what motivated them to not select one. Via multivariate modeling, differences in prospective interest in EVs between female and male respondents are examined, and overall, no difference rises to the level of the observed differences in real EV markets. Further, the multivariate modeling indicates no statistically significant effect of a sex indicator on prospective interest almost anywhere in these data; where there is a difference, female participants are estimated to be more likely to select an EV than their male counterparts. While participants from both sexes tend to give high scores to the same EV (de)motivations, differences in their rank orders repeat generalizations from other research. On average, female respondents score environmental motivations for selecting an EV higher than do male respondents. On average, male participants score interest in “new technology” as a motivation for selecting an EV higher than do female participants. Conversely, on average female respondents who do not select an EV score “unfamiliar technology” more highly than their male counterparts. Within the variation in EV policy and market contexts represented in this study, no finding here explains why similar prospective interest in EVs from five years ago has yet to be turned toward equal participation in EV markets. Explanations may lie in factors not modeled here.View the NCST Project Webpage","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124831633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resource discoveries are often followed by long delays and heterogeneous production realizations. Post-discovery uncertainty creates challenges for governance: policymakers may alter present behavior in anticipation of future revenues or struggle to adapt to disappointed expectations. I explore the dynamics of local governance after offshore oil and gas discoveries in Brazil. I exploit quasi-experimental subnational variation in discoveries and subsequent production realizations to identify causal effects of news and revenue shocks on municipal public finances, public goods provision, and political competition, selection, and patronage. Using a forecasting model of offshore oil production, I decompose post-discovery impacts across places where production meets expectations and places that are left disappointed. Relative to never-treated controls, places that experience discovery announcements but never receive windfalls suffer significant declines in per capita investment and public goods spending after ten years. In contrast, places where discoveries are realized enjoy significant growth in per capita revenues and spending, but do not invest in economic diversification or improve public goods provision. Electoral competition increases after discovery announcements and less-educated candidates run for and win office. My findings identify how local governments and politicians respond to shocks across time. Methodologically, I highlight the importance of accounting for dynamic treatment effects and heterogeneity in production outcomes after discovery announcements. JEL Codes: D72, H72, H75, Q32, Q33, Q38
{"title":"The Presource Curse: Anticipation, Disappointment, and Governance after Oil Discoveries","authors":"Erik S. Katovich","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312928","url":null,"abstract":"Resource discoveries are often followed by long delays and heterogeneous production realizations. Post-discovery uncertainty creates challenges for governance: policymakers may alter present behavior in anticipation of future revenues or struggle to adapt to disappointed expectations. I explore the dynamics of local governance after offshore oil and gas discoveries in Brazil. I exploit quasi-experimental subnational variation in discoveries and subsequent production realizations to identify causal effects of news and revenue shocks on municipal public finances, public goods provision, and political competition, selection, and patronage. Using a forecasting model of offshore oil production, I decompose post-discovery impacts across places where production meets expectations and places that are left disappointed. Relative to never-treated controls, places that experience discovery announcements but never receive windfalls suffer significant declines in per capita investment and public goods spending after ten years. In contrast, places where discoveries are realized enjoy significant growth in per capita revenues and spending, but do not invest in economic diversification or improve public goods provision. Electoral competition increases after discovery announcements and less-educated candidates run for and win office. My findings identify how local governments and politicians respond to shocks across time. Methodologically, I highlight the importance of accounting for dynamic treatment effects and heterogeneity in production outcomes after discovery announcements. JEL Codes: D72, H72, H75, Q32, Q33, Q38","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regional and Distance Effects on Consumer Preferences for Local Milk","authors":"R. Lopez, Binod Khanal","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124760091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuquan W. Zhang, B. McCarl, Qiang Li, Jianhong E. Mu, Jinfeng Chang
{"title":"Reducing Agrochemical Inputs Usage in Peri-Urban Settings - A Case Study of Shanghai, China","authors":"Yuquan W. Zhang, B. McCarl, Qiang Li, Jianhong E. Mu, Jinfeng Chang","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129612874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective Training Through a Mobile App: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment","authors":"Kenn Chua, Qingxiao Li, K. Rahman, Xiaoli Yang","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132689183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal quality gradation in organic labels: evidence from a structural econometrics model","authors":"F. Scott, Juan P. Sesmero, J. Balagtas","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.312766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.312766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132744615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fertility and Parental Labor Supply in Rural Northwestern China-Evidence from Twin Births","authors":"Qihui Chen","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.313376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.313376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134634638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Access to identification cards (IDs) is often required to claim government benefits. However, it is unclear which policies to increase ID ownership are more effective. We experimentally analyze the effect of two policy interventions to induce the timely renewal of identification cards on access to a government social program in Panama. Sending reminders about expiration dates increased the probability of on-time renewals and of accessing benefits from a social program by 12 and 4.3 percentage points, respectively, relative to a control group. In contrast, allowing individuals to renew their ID online only increased renewals and access to benefits by 8 and 2.9 percentage points, respectively. This result was driven by lower-income individuals. The results suggest that policies to increase ownership of valid identity documentation can reduce inclusion errors in government programs and that simply granting access to digital tools may not be enough to unlock important effects.
{"title":"Technology, Identification, and Access to Social Programs: Experimental Evidence from Panama","authors":"A. Reyes, B. Roseth, Diego A. Vera-Cossio","doi":"10.18235/0003485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18235/0003485","url":null,"abstract":"Access to identification cards (IDs) is often required to claim government benefits. However, it is unclear which policies to increase ID ownership are more effective. We experimentally analyze the effect of two policy interventions to induce the timely renewal of identification cards on access to a government social program in Panama. Sending reminders about expiration dates increased the probability of on-time renewals and of accessing benefits from a social program by 12 and 4.3 percentage points, respectively, relative to a control group. In contrast, allowing individuals to renew their ID online only increased renewals and access to benefits by 8 and 2.9 percentage points, respectively. This result was driven by lower-income individuals. The results suggest that policies to increase ownership of valid identity documentation can reduce inclusion errors in government programs and that simply granting access to digital tools may not be enough to unlock important effects.","PeriodicalId":422295,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Economics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131874931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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