Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2211
M. Brenes, R. Guzman
Alf Layla wa-layla (the Arabian Nights) is a major source for the study of the popular knowledge and practices of everyday life in Medieval Islam. Islamic religiosity and the mystic experience (Sufism) of personal approach to God are common themes in Alf Layla wa-layla. This article studies in detail the story of Abu l-Hasan with Abu Ja‘far the leper, a story which is very rich in mystical values, placing Sufism and personal approach and knowledge of God in its historical context. The social treatment of lepers in Medieval Islam is studied in order to obtain a general and complete view of the history and the society of Medieval Islam.
Alf Layla wa-layla(天方夜谭)是中世纪伊斯兰教流行知识和日常生活实践研究的主要来源。伊斯兰教的虔诚和个人接近真主的神秘体验(苏菲主义)是阿尔夫·莱拉的共同主题。本文详细研究了Abu l-Hasan和麻风病人Abu Ja 'far的故事，这是一个非常富有神秘主义价值的故事，将苏菲主义和个人方法以及对上帝的认识置于其历史背景中。研究中世纪伊斯兰教对麻风病人的社会待遇，以期对中世纪伊斯兰教的历史和社会有一个全面而完整的认识。
{"title":"A Sufi tale from Alf Layla wa-layla (the Arabian nights)","authors":"M. Brenes, R. Guzman","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2211","url":null,"abstract":"Alf Layla wa-layla (the Arabian Nights) is a major source for the study of the popular knowledge and practices of everyday life in Medieval Islam. Islamic religiosity and the mystic experience (Sufism) of personal approach to God are common themes in Alf Layla wa-layla. This article studies in detail the story of Abu l-Hasan with Abu Ja‘far the leper, a story which is very rich in mystical values, placing Sufism and personal approach and knowledge of God in its historical context. The social treatment of lepers in Medieval Islam is studied in order to obtain a general and complete view of the history and the society of Medieval Islam.","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47399742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2209
Charlie Davis
The limitations of feminist frameworks to conceptualize trans people’s unique experiences have led to an emerging trans theoretical framework, seeking to complicate theoretical understandings of gender to be inclusive of trans and nonbinary identities. In this paper, I provide support to this emerging theoretical framework by first illustrating how Black, Indigenous and queer feminist frameworks conceptualize engendered violence, highlighting the theoretical limitations when applied to trans experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). Subsequently, I re-examine trans IPV through a trans theory lens, demonstrating how complexities of trans identities and embodiment of gender necessitates a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of gender, and how trans theory can provide nuanced understanding.
{"title":"Trans Theory and Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"Charlie Davis","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2209","url":null,"abstract":"The limitations of feminist frameworks to conceptualize trans people’s unique experiences have led to an emerging trans theoretical framework, seeking to complicate theoretical understandings of gender to be inclusive of trans and nonbinary identities. In this paper, I provide support to this emerging theoretical framework by first illustrating how Black, Indigenous and queer feminist frameworks conceptualize engendered violence, highlighting the theoretical limitations when applied to trans experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). Subsequently, I re-examine trans IPV through a trans theory lens, demonstrating how complexities of trans identities and embodiment of gender necessitates a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of gender, and how trans theory can provide nuanced understanding.","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42521151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2203
Debra Wetcher-Hendricks, M. Hendricks
The expectation of familiarity with technologies embedded in millennial lifestyle creates a sort of cultural lag, with older generations struggling to understand and use these technologies. However, older generations’ failure to accept new technologies, at least to some degree, would lead to social stagnation. From a populist standpoint, concerns of both generations deserve attention. Hypotheses contend that those in younger generations feel greater strain when using electronic payments than when using currency and that those in older generations feel greater strain when using currency than when using electronic payments. Data gathered from individuals of various ages and in various socio-economic statuses provided moderate, but not overwhelming, support for this contention. However, other, unanticipated, patterns emerge.
{"title":"Generational Spending Habits","authors":"Debra Wetcher-Hendricks, M. Hendricks","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2203","url":null,"abstract":"The expectation of familiarity with technologies embedded in millennial lifestyle creates a sort of cultural lag, with older generations struggling to understand and use these technologies. However, older generations’ failure to accept new technologies, at least to some degree, would lead to social stagnation. From a populist standpoint, concerns of both generations deserve attention. Hypotheses contend that those in younger generations feel greater strain when using electronic payments than when using currency and that those in older generations feel greater strain when using currency than when using electronic payments. Data gathered from individuals of various ages and in various socio-economic statuses provided moderate, but not overwhelming, support for this contention. However, other, unanticipated, patterns emerge.","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42673346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2205
Rodica Grigore
Unanimously considered one of the greatest Latin American writers of the entire 20th century, the Cuban Guillermo Cabrera Infante is also the author who, despite his tendency to ignore the pattern of traditional fiction, also succeeds in establishing a new type of connection to the great tradition of world literature, following the steps of Miguel de Cervantes and, up to a certain point, symbolically going back to the celebrated model of Don Quixote. Cabrera Infante’s masterpiece, Three Trapped Tigers (Tres tristes tigres, 1965) thus questions the place and meanings of literature itself in the contemporary world, and the characters involved in the process organize their (fictitious) life around textual aspects, underlining the importance of a new kind of interpretative relationship, to be established between reader and writer
{"title":"Guillermo Cabrera Infante and the Meanings of Literature","authors":"Rodica Grigore","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2205","url":null,"abstract":"Unanimously considered one of the greatest Latin American writers of the entire 20th century, the Cuban Guillermo Cabrera Infante is also the author who, despite his tendency to ignore the pattern of traditional fiction, also succeeds in establishing a new type of connection to the great tradition of world literature, following the steps of Miguel de Cervantes and, up to a certain point, symbolically going back to the celebrated model of Don Quixote. Cabrera Infante’s masterpiece, Three Trapped Tigers (Tres tristes tigres, 1965) thus questions the place and meanings of literature itself in the contemporary world, and the characters involved in the process organize their (fictitious) life around textual aspects, underlining the importance of a new kind of interpretative relationship, to be established between reader and writer","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45916480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2208
J. Casellas
{"title":"Book Review: Christopher Rollason, ‘Read Books, Repeat Quotations’: The Literary Bob Dylan","authors":"J. Casellas","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44081769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2202
J. García
In the virtual echo chamber of 21st-century social media, the replacement of primary social bonds with virtual secondary bonds has led to violence and death in the real world. Due to ideological demagoguery and acceptance of violence in far-right-wing groups, imaginary realms in cyber-space have become sites from which terroristic acts flow into non-virtual life. Sociological theory from the past century predicts the current situation and fosters an understanding of how such technology leads to concentrations of racist ideologies and a reversal of Enlightenment values. Twentyfirst-century research suggests that those who commit race-driven violence against civil society perceive their actions as non-deviant and necessary.
{"title":"Twentieth Century Sociological Intimations, Twenty-First Century Contradictions: Neutralizing Racism and Reclaiming Whiteness","authors":"J. García","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2202","url":null,"abstract":"In the virtual echo chamber of 21st-century social media, the replacement of primary social bonds with virtual secondary bonds has led to violence and death in the real world. Due to ideological demagoguery and acceptance of violence in far-right-wing groups, imaginary realms in cyber-space have become sites from which terroristic acts flow into non-virtual life. Sociological theory from the past century predicts the current situation and fosters an understanding of how such technology leads to concentrations of racist ideologies and a reversal of Enlightenment values. Twentyfirst-century research suggests that those who commit race-driven violence against civil society perceive their actions as non-deviant and necessary.","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48431484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2204
T. Greene
Robert Putnam (2020) suggests Americans have become more individualistic every decade since the 1960’s. I have suggested that individualism is not a single monolith, but rather three different ideologies of individualism that have become entangled (2008). Consequences of these individualisms include widespread selfabsorption, and a lack of desire to correct structural problems. This article adds a fourth ideology, the ideology of online individuality, to the three previously stated. The consequences of this ideology are very similar to the others. Implications of ever-increasing individualism are raised. Solutions are suggested.
Robert Putnam（2020）认为，自20世纪60年代以来，美国人每十年都会变得更加个人主义。我认为个人主义不是一块巨石，而是三种不同的个人主义意识形态纠缠在一起（2008）。这些个体化的后果包括广泛的自我吸收，以及缺乏纠正结构性问题的愿望。本文在上述三种意识形态的基础上增加了第四种意识形态，即网络个性意识形态。这种意识形态的后果与其他意识形态非常相似。人们提出了日益增长的个人主义的含义。提出了解决方案。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2201
Andrew R. Smolski, Javier Sethness, Alexander Ross
This paper practices Sousa Santos’ sociology of absences and emergences by establishing the absence of anarchism in populism studies and the presence of anarcho-populism as a concrete yet underappreciated type of populism. We conduct a comparative case study analysis of a set of historical cases, Zemlya i Volya and the Partido Liberal Mexicano (PLM). We define the term “anarchopopulism,” and analyze the relationship between anarchism and populism through a discursive and ideological theory of populism as a thin-centered ideology reliant on a rhetoric of the people. The results of our case studies demonstrate the existence of anarcho-populism in both Russia and Mexico, however not in all cases examined. Our findings challenge conceptualizations of populism that circumscribe populism within representative democracy and the logic of state sovereignty, highlighting the utility of anarchism in understanding a type of populism rooted in direct democracy and the sovereignty of federated communes.
本文通过确立无政府主义在民粹主义研究中的缺席，以及无政府民粹主义作为一种具体但未被充分认识的民粹主义类型的存在，实践了索萨·桑托斯的缺席与出现社会学。我们对Zemlya i Volya和Partido Liberal Mexicano (PLM)这两组历史案例进行了比较案例研究分析。我们定义了“无政府民粹主义”一词，并通过民粹主义的话语和意识形态理论来分析无政府主义与民粹主义之间的关系，民粹主义是一种依赖于人民修辞的薄中心意识形态。我们的案例研究结果表明，无政府民粹主义在俄罗斯和墨西哥都存在，但并非在所有案例中都存在。我们的研究结果挑战了民粹主义的概念化，这些概念化将民粹主义限制在代议制民主和国家主权的逻辑中，突出了无政府主义在理解植根于直接民主和联邦公社主权的民粹主义方面的效用。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2206
Robin Worley, B. Forst
{"title":"A Chat with Deterrence Scholar Brian Forst: A Tribute to Hans Zeisel","authors":"Robin Worley, B. Forst","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45063843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2207
M. Roth
{"title":"Book Review: David Skarbek, The Puzzle of Prison Order: Why Life Behind Bars Varies Around the World","authors":"M. Roth","doi":"10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42347,"journal":{"name":"Theory in Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47170498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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