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Analysis of the Flood Performance of Stormwater Drainage Systems for Different Return Periods 不同回潮期雨水排水系统的防洪性能分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0049n8
Burak Çirağ, M. Firat, Özgüray Aydin
Precipitation regimes and behaviours change depending on the climate change. As the duration of precipitation decreases its intensity increases. On the other hand, the density of buildings increases in urban areas, and drainage systems remain inadequate as a result of deterioration in the structure of natural streams and irregular structures. Due to the change in precipitation behaviour and the decrease in permeable surfaces in urban areas, urban floods lead to serious damage. In this study, it is aimed to analyse the flood performance of rainwater drainage systems currently serving in urban areas for precipitation with different repetition periods. For this purpose, the drainage line in Malatya provincial centre has been selected as the pilot application area. Considering the rainfall records observed in the past, a model was created for 15 minutes of precipitation and 2, 5 and 10 years repetition periods. In addition, the digital elevation model, drainage line and characteristic information and building layouts were taken into consideration in the application area. As a result of the analysis, flood spread maps were created. It has been observed that as the repetition period increases, the rainwater drainage line is insufficient in some areas and may cause loss of property and life.
降水制度和行为随气候变化而变化。随着降水持续时间的缩短,降水强度增大。另一方面,市区建筑物的密度增加,而由于天然溪流的结构恶化和不规则的结构,排水系统仍然不足。由于降水行为的变化和城市透水面的减少,城市洪水造成了严重的破坏。在本研究中,旨在分析目前在城市地区服务的雨水排水系统在不同重复周期降水中的防洪性能。为此,马拉提亚省中心的排水线路已被选为试点应用区域。考虑到过去观测到的降雨记录,建立了15分钟降水和2年、5年和10年重复周期的模型。此外,应用区域还考虑了数字高程模型、排水线路和特征信息以及建筑布局。根据分析结果,绘制了洪水分布图。据观察,随着重复周期的增加,一些地区的雨水排水线路不足,可能造成财产和生命的损失。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Biophilia as a Restorative Design Approach in Egyptian Gardens 埃及园林恢复性设计中加强亲生物性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021242n12
Sara Tarek
The increasing challenges of enhancing public health for communities and managing stressful daily life style raised the call for finding new methods to reduce stress. The research problem is the lack of sufficient data investigating the impact of different characteristics and forms of gardens in terms of stress reduction and restoration benefits. Therefore, the aim of this study is identifying the restorative effects of biophilic design elements in Egyptian gardens. It investigates the main indicators for applying biophilic urbanism in different gardens and how to enhance it to achieve stress restoration for communities. The presented study followed a methodology that comprises three parts. First an integrative literature review for biophilic urbanism and biophilia application to achieve restorative design. Then identifying the likely relationship between biophilia and restorativeness. Finally, a case study research design approach for selected Egyptian gardens which are analysed in reference to concluded relationship and perceived restorativenss. The work points out the potential and effective incorporation of applying biophilic principles in Egypt to achieve stress restoration.
在加强社区公共卫生和管理紧张的日常生活方式方面面临的挑战日益增加,因此需要寻找减轻压力的新方法。研究的问题是缺乏足够的数据来调查不同特征和形式的园林在减轻压力和恢复效益方面的影响。因此,本研究的目的是确定埃及花园中亲生物设计元素的修复效果。研究了在不同园林中应用亲生物城市主义的主要指标,以及如何加强亲生物城市主义以实现社区压力恢复。本研究采用的方法包括三个部分。首先对亲生物城市主义和应用亲生物实现恢复性设计进行了综合文献综述。然后确定亲生命和恢复性之间可能的关系。最后,对选定的埃及花园的案例研究设计方法进行了分析,参考了总结的关系和感知的恢复性。该工作指出潜在的和有效的结合应用亲生物原则在埃及实现压力恢复。
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引用次数: 2
Vernacular: Emergence to Disasters 白话:出现在灾难中
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021271n8
Mehtap Gümüşay, Sevgül Limoncu
Nowadays, as some buildings differ from the others, known as local or traditional architecture; creates proximity to the modern building systems, we are used to today are called, vernacular architecture. We also called the similar style of building design, architecture without architects or rural architecture. Modern architectural buildings have changed the way of life, have aimed to a better living condition. In the recent history, we have experienced disasters like earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis, landslides. The ruins have emerged health and safety regulation changes in the policies. The emergence of the health and safety in the building life as the prime aim, closeness to the environment degradation have created theoretical concepts of ecological building styles and how local traditions have answered the emergency. In this study, it is studied the differences between countries how the cultural practices juxtaposed or override the modern technologies.
如今,由于一些建筑与其他建筑不同,被称为当地或传统建筑;创造出接近现代建筑体系的建筑,我们今天习惯称之为,乡土建筑。我们也称类似风格的建筑设计,没有建筑师的建筑或乡村建筑。现代建筑改变了人们的生活方式,旨在改善人们的生活条件。在近代历史上,我们经历了地震、洪水、海啸、山体滑坡等灾难。废墟中出现了卫生安全监管政策的变化。以建筑生命的健康和安全为首要目标的出现,与环境退化的密切关系创造了生态建筑风格的理论概念以及当地传统如何应对紧急情况。在这项研究中,它研究了国家之间的差异,文化习俗如何并置或超越现代技术。
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引用次数: 0
Green Design in Urban Squares: Ecological Urban Consciousness in Landscape Architecture Education 城市广场的绿色设计:景观教育中的生态城市意识
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0042n14
Elif Merve Alpak, E. Eren, tuGbaba düzenli
Due to increase in population density in cities, unplanned urbanization, where built areas proliferate and concrete and impermeable surfaces are predominant, have started to capture cities. While this causes the natural environments and green areas in cities to decrease day by day, it also directly affects the formation of heat islands in the cities, air pollution and the decrease in the quality of life of people. Since landscape architecture is a discipline that deals with the planning, development, protection and design of rural and urban open spaces that can make the future better, teaching students the importance of the ecological city and the criteria of designs for this should be the primary goal in universities. The area, which was determined as an Urban Transformation area by Trabzon Municipality and planned to be designed as Karagöz Square, was studied within the scope of Karadeniz Technical University Landscape Architecture Environmental Design Project 4 in the fall semester of 2019-2020. The lecturer of the course aimed to teach the students the awareness of green design-oriented city square solution in line with ecological city criteria. Within the scope of this study, course data were examined with ecological city criteria.
由于城市人口密度的增加,无计划的城市化(建成区激增,混凝土和不透水表面占主导地位)已经开始占领城市。这在导致城市自然环境和绿地面积日益减少的同时,也直接影响到城市热岛的形成、空气污染和人们生活质量的下降。由于景观设计是一门涉及农村和城市开放空间的规划、开发、保护和设计的学科,可以使未来更加美好,因此,教育学生生态城市的重要性以及为此设计的标准应该是大学的首要目标。该地区被特拉布松市确定为城市转型区,计划设计为Karagöz广场,在2019-2020年秋季学期,在卡拉德尼兹技术大学景观建筑环境设计项目4的范围内进行了研究。该课程的讲师旨在向学生传授符合生态城市标准的以绿色设计为导向的城市广场解决方案的意识。在本研究范围内,课程数据以生态城市标准进行检验。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental and Cost Effects of Stabilized Laterite-Tyre Composite in Buildings 稳定红土-轮胎复合材料在建筑中的环境和成本效应
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/n82020iccaua316390
Fashuyi Olugbenga
The increasing amount of waste tyres worldwide made its disposal a significant problem. Because of this, the availability of a market for the tyres became imperative. Incidentally, this market was found in the housing sector where recycled waste tyres were used as stabilized laterite composite for alternative building material. This study evaluated the environmental effects of the recycled waste tyres as a composite of stabilized laterite for buildings. It also evaluated the cost effects of the stabilized laterite composite. The study concludes that the stabilized laterite composite is a cost-effective alternative building material and that it reduces the level of greenhouse gasses. Other relevant issues were also discussed.
世界范围内日益增多的废轮胎使其处理成为一个重大问题。正因为如此,轮胎市场的可用性变得势在必行。顺便说一句,这个市场是在住房部门发现的,在那里,回收的废轮胎被用作稳定的红土复合材料,作为替代建筑材料。本研究评估了回收废旧轮胎作为稳定红土复合材料用于建筑的环境影响。它还评估了稳定红土复合材料的成本效应。该研究的结论是,稳定红土复合材料是一种具有成本效益的替代建筑材料,它可以减少温室气体的水平。还讨论了其他有关问题。
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引用次数: 0
Living with Quality: Strategies for Transferring Social Housing Development to After-war Syria 有质量的生活:战后叙利亚社会住房发展转型战略
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021307n6
H. K. Hatipoğlu, Shurouk Mohammad
Obtaining a home in Syria has been an equivalent to a strategic goal around which the life of the Syrian citizen revolves. Housing was one of the problematic crises before the war, which accelerated due to the war. Moreover, this turned into a humanitarian disaster, and the situation has become more urgent and requires immediate treatment. The solution of this demolition is not limited to an easy rebuilding and needs a more sustainable and qualified policy in order to prevent to turn back to the existing crisis before the war. This paper focuses on finding an appropriate strategy to respond to the housing crisis in Syria in the light of successful implementations of social housing. In order to achieve that, after a literature review of the general context of social housing, the Singapore social housing experience has been analyzed. Considering the housing problems and implementations in Syria (before and after the war) in a comparative evaluation with the Singapore experience, some strategies have been suggested, along with discussing the transfer of this experience to the Syrian context. Although applying a social housing system in a country that has had a failed experiment is not an easy task, the study proposes a list of recommendations for developing a social housing strategy based on a clear legal framework which also provides a base for social housing. In addition to defining all the criteria related to social housing, such as the target groups, the type of housing, the available financing methods, and focusing on urban planning and architecture for the importance of their role in creating a peaceful coexistence in the conflicting societies.
在叙利亚安家就相当于一个战略目标,叙利亚公民的生活都围绕着这个目标展开。在战前,住房是一个有问题的危机,由于战争而加速。此外,这已变成一场人道主义灾难,局势变得更加紧迫,需要立即处理。解决这一拆迁问题并不局限于简单的重建,需要一个更可持续和合格的政策,以防止回到战前的现有危机。本文的重点是根据社会住房的成功实施,找到一个合适的策略来应对叙利亚的住房危机。为了实现这一点,在对社会住房的一般背景进行文献回顾之后,对新加坡社会住房的经验进行了分析。考虑到叙利亚(战前和战后)的住房问题和实施情况,与新加坡的经验进行比较评估,提出了一些策略,并讨论了将这一经验转移到叙利亚的情况下。虽然在一个试验失败的国家实施社会住房制度并非易事,但该研究提出了一系列建议,以制定基于明确法律框架的社会住房战略,这也为社会住房提供了基础。除了确定与社会住房有关的所有标准之外,例如目标群体、住房类型、可用的融资方法,并将重点放在城市规划和建筑上,因为它们在冲突社会中创造和平共处的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
A Levantine Mansion: Buca Guidance Centre for Disabled Students 黎凡特大厦:布卡残疾学生指导中心
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021137n2
E. Ergül, B. Demircan
The aim of this study is to understand what was changed in a Levantine mansion in the Buca district of Izmir, from its construction date to now. Since the construction date is 1876, the study is scoped into a 150 years period in time. The data collection method includes photographic documentation and laser measurements. The evaluation method is comparative analysis to relate the common properties of Levantine houses with the plan typology and the traces in the building. A short periodization and descriptions of each space have been made. The mansion had not experienced radical changes, even if there were handovers in the property ownership. However, it can be analysed by considering small differences. In conclusion, the building is periodized in three-time slices as the 1. Period in the years between 1876 – 1890 / 1895, the 2. Period between 1895 – 1960's and the 3. Period from the 1960s to now. Keywords: Buca Houses, Levantine House, Levantine Mansions, Levantine Culture, 19. Century Izmir Houses.
本研究的目的是了解伊兹密尔布卡区的一座黎凡特豪宅从建造日期到现在发生了什么变化。由于建造日期为1876年,因此研究的时间范围为150年。数据收集方法包括摄影文献和激光测量。评价方法是对比分析,将黎凡特房屋的共同属性与平面类型和建筑中的痕迹联系起来。对每个空间作了简短的周期划分和描述。这座豪宅没有经历过剧烈的变化,即使有财产所有权的交接。然而,它可以通过考虑小的差异来分析。综上所述,建筑在三个时间片中被周期化为1。在1876年至1890年/ 1895年期间,从1895年到1960年代。从20世纪60年代至今。关键词:布卡住宅,黎凡特住宅,黎凡特豪宅,黎凡特文化,19。世纪伊兹密尔住宅。
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引用次数: 0
The urban renewal of Hammam-Lif: The case of Avenue Casino/ Habib Bourguiba hamam - lif的城市更新:以Avenue Casino/ Habib Bourguiba为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021188n8
A. Guedria
The old seaside city of Hammam-lif has undergone several changes since its creation. The urban sprawl is no longer possible since the city reached its limits. This study focuses on urban evolution through different city’s plans. It refers to different bibliographic references. The comparison between old and recent photos illustrates these changes. The city has maintained its urban form but has undergone various changes in functions and density. There have been the introduction of new functions, especially those relating to the tertiary sector. The renewal of old buildings is characterized by the change in their height, which has become more important. These factors lead to a crowded city, with problems of congestion and parking. This study demonstrates one of the problems the city suffers from: the loss of its rich urban and architectural heritage, especially with the problems of safeguarding its two main architectural monuments: “Le Casino” and the beylical palace.
古老的海滨城市哈曼利夫自创建以来经历了几次变化。由于城市已经达到极限,城市扩张不再可能。本研究的重点是通过不同的城市规划来研究城市的演变。它指的是不同的参考书目。新旧照片的对比说明了这些变化。城市保持了原有的城市形态,但在功能和密度上发生了各种变化。已经引入了新的职能,特别是那些与第三部门有关的职能。旧建筑的更新以其高度的变化为特征,这变得更加重要。这些因素导致城市拥挤,出现拥堵和停车问题。这项研究表明了这个城市所面临的问题之一:其丰富的城市和建筑遗产的流失,特别是保护其两个主要建筑古迹的问题:“Le Casino”和贝利宫。
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引用次数: 0
Conserving / Not Conserving Cultural Heritage by Using 保护/不保护文化遗产的使用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021134n1
G. Pehlivan
Our neglected heritage faces the risk of destruction after a while. To be able to avoid this, our cultural heritage should be dealt with the sustainable conservation approach. Today, use with new or original functions is recommended as a sustainable conservation approach. However, the use of cultural heritage should be dealt with through an approach in a way that conserves, not exploits them. The aim of the study is to explain adverse use of cultural heritage and the use of them by conserving over the examples. In the extent of the study, it is aimed to determine whether function damages the building, not whether the building provides the functional necessities. In this study from different cities three samples, which are being used with new function or original function has been chosen. The values carried by the samples and the effect of the function on these values were determined. The sample whose values are less or not affected has been used preservingly; the sample whose values were adversely affected was considered as not preserved. It is observed that two of three examples were used by conserving and the other one had problems about conservation. According to this, although the use of cultural heritage in its original function or in new function for sustainable conservation is very crucial, it becomes an ethical problem when the use exploits the cultural heritage beyond conservation purpose.
我们被忽视的遗产在一段时间后面临着被摧毁的危险。为了避免这种情况,我们的文化遗产应该采取可持续保护的方法。今天,建议使用新的或原有的功能作为可持续的保护方法。然而,应该通过一种保护而不是利用文化遗产的方式来处理文化遗产的使用。这项研究的目的是通过保护这些例子来解释文化遗产的不良使用和使用。在研究的范围内,它旨在确定功能是否损害建筑物,而不是建筑物是否提供功能必需品。在本研究中,我们选择了三个不同城市的样本,分别是正在使用的新功能或原始功能。确定了样品所携带的值以及函数对这些值的影响。值受影响较小或未受影响的样品已保存使用;值受到不利影响的样品视为未保存。可以看出,三个例子中有两个是守恒用的,另一个有守恒问题。据此,虽然文化遗产的原有功能或新功能的利用对可持续保护至关重要,但当文化遗产的利用超出保护目的时,就成为一个伦理问题。
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引用次数: 1
Cycle End of Boats' life and Coasts for creative projects on built environments in the post-pandemic future 关于大流行后未来建筑环境的创造性项目的船只寿命和海岸周期结束
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021267n4
M. Maccarrone
Some coastal landscapes have become places of abandonment of boats at the end of their life. A growing phenomenon that affects many geographical areas, local communities, terrestrial and aquatic areas. The proposed theme is an investigation on the contemporary nature of coastal places and of the nautical wrecks abandoned in them as part of a landscape and intercultural research in progress based on relationships, interconnections, interspecific and spatial correspondences between natural environments, actions human and new life cycles (Life Cycle Assessment) in a post-pandemic scenario. Impaired coasts and boats can be transformed into landscapes and goods regenerated to new life for the near bio-centric future.
一些沿海景观已经成为船只报废的地方。一种日益严重的现象,影响到许多地理区域、当地社区、陆地和水生区域。拟议的主题是对沿海地区的当代性质及其遗弃的沉船进行调查,作为正在进行的景观和跨文化研究的一部分,该研究基于大流行后情景中自然环境、人类行动和新生命周期(生命周期评估)之间的关系、相互联系、种间和空间对应关系。受损的海岸和船只可以转化为景观和商品,为近生物中心的未来再生新生命。
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引用次数: 0
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