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The Heritage and its surroundings in the face of damage 遗产及其周围环境面临的破坏
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021153n4
Mohamad Naal
Heritage is the rest of the past nations, the Inspirational of the present nations, and the embodiment of their values, and due to the importance of the architectural heritage in human civilizations, and due to the increasing risks that encroach on this heritage and distort its value, this study deals with the impact of these distortions, whether on the heritage building or its surroundings, indicating the importance of preserving the architectural heritage from the damages facing it, whether it is natural or manmade,
遗产是过去国家的剩余,是现在国家的灵感,是他们价值观的体现,由于建筑遗产在人类文明中的重要性,以及由于这些遗产受到侵害和扭曲其价值的风险日益增加,本研究涉及这些扭曲对遗产建筑或其周围环境的影响,表明保护建筑遗产免受其所面临的破坏的重要性。无论是自然的还是人为的,
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引用次数: 0
Challenges for The Implementation of The Regulatory Framework of Urban Land Regularization in Brazil’s Federal District 巴西联邦区城市土地规范化监管框架实施的挑战
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021260n4
Denise de Campos Gouvêa, Brasilia Brazil Housing – Seduh, Letícia Pacheco dos Passos Claro
This article seeks to reflect on the current legal framework for urban land regularization, Federal Law No. 13,465/2017, and to explore the challenges of Brazil’s Federal District, the country's capital, to implement this recent Law. Questions about the proposed new paradigms that favor a privatist logic of urban property characterized especially from an asset in the financial market and with great profitability. This research also exposes the methodology for identifying informal settlements with urban characteristics in the Federal District, especially the areas with the most vulnerable population, to subsidize the inclusion of new areas of urban land regularization in the local regulatory framework.
本文旨在反思当前城市土地正规化的法律框架,即第13465 /2017号联邦法,并探讨巴西首都联邦区在实施这一最新法律时所面临的挑战。关于所提出的有利于城市财产私有化逻辑的新范式的问题,特别是在金融市场上的资产和巨大的盈利能力。本研究还揭示了在联邦区识别具有城市特征的非正式住区的方法,特别是在人口最脆弱的地区,以资助将城市土地规范化的新领域纳入地方监管框架。
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引用次数: 0
Smart City Applications in Historical Environment: Comparison of Istanbul and European Cities 智慧城市在历史环境中的应用:伊斯坦布尔与欧洲城市的比较
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021233n11
Zeynep Akdemir, Merve Karabeyeser
Historical cities have difficulties in integrating to infrastructure problems, rapid population growth and smart technological solutions. Smart cities are suggested as solutions for these cities to be liveable and sustainable. The solutions offered to these problems in today's technology yield better results than expected. Smart solutions in the historical environment make great contributions to the cultural and historical sustainability of the city. Studies have been carried out in this context in Istanbul since 1995 and many European countries form strategies within the framework of similar historical circles. Like these cities, İstanbul has actualized similar problems with technological solutions within the scope of "Smart City". In order to provide a holistic view for smart cities in the historical environment, it is aimed to make an assessment of smart city solution in Istanbul.
历史名城在解决基础设施问题、人口快速增长和智能技术解决方案方面存在困难。智慧城市是这些城市宜居和可持续发展的解决方案。在今天的技术中,这些问题的解决方案产生了比预期更好的结果。历史环境中的智能解决方案为城市的文化和历史可持续性做出了巨大贡献。自1995年以来,在伊斯坦布尔开展了这方面的研究,许多欧洲国家在类似的历史周期框架内制定战略。与这些城市一样,İstanbul也在“智慧城市”的范围内通过技术解决方案实现了类似的问题。为了对历史环境下的智慧城市提供一个整体的视角,旨在对伊斯坦布尔的智慧城市解决方案进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
The Roles of Urban Park’s Elements in Creating Beautiful Place for The Visually Impaired 城市公园元素在为视障人士创造美丽场所中的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021180n5
A. H. Fuad, Diva Annisa Az zahra
This paper is an attempt to reveal the setting of a beautiful park according to people with visual impairment. It contributes to the practice of architecture that is enjoyable to live by all members of society, including the visually impaired. A general notion of beauty from Kant (2000) and Dutton (2009), along with the notion of a multisensory architecture from Pallasmaa (2012) are used as an approach to understanding these phenomena. The research was conducted by observing, recording, and interviewing a group of visually impaired in relation to their activity and how they inhabit the space of an urban park. The finding shows that the sound of the fountain, the smell of the park, and the cool atmosphere are the combinations of elements necessary to create a strong feeling of beauty within urban space that is projected by the visually impaired.
本文试图从视觉障碍人群的角度来揭示美丽公园的设置。它有助于建筑实践,使所有社会成员,包括视障人士,都能愉快地生活。康德(2000)和达顿(2009)提出的美的一般概念,以及帕拉斯马(2012)提出的多感官建筑的概念被用作理解这些现象的方法。这项研究是通过观察、记录和采访一群视力受损的人,了解他们的活动以及他们如何在城市公园的空间里生活来进行的。研究结果表明,喷泉的声音、公园的气味和凉爽的氛围是视觉障碍人士在城市空间中投射出强烈美感所必需的元素组合。
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引用次数: 0
Model Proposal for Integrating VR/AR Technologies in Building Construction Project in Architecture Education During Covid-19 新冠肺炎期间建筑教育中VR/AR技术在建筑建设项目中的整合模式建议
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021159n2
Tayibe Seyman Güray, Burcu Kismet
Information technologies including VR/AR; by providing an immersive environment, contain wide range of innovative opportunities in architecture education, particularly for the Covid-19 pandemic that forced online education. Recent literature reviews show the increase on the adaptation of VR/AR technologies in architecture education, since it improves learners’ outcomes and tutors-learners’ interactions. However, implication of these technologies is frequently seen in design studios, whereas building construction education continues mostly its traditional approach. The study aims to close the gap in this area by proposing a model to integrate VR/AR technologies in building construction education by the assistance of BIM tools in order to boost the effectiveness. This model is developed for the building construction project course, shows step by step integration of related tools and technics to obtain the learning outcomes efficiently during online education in Covid-19 Pandemic. Considering the pandemic conditions, the proposed model involves creative usage of VR/AR tools in terms of distance learning.
包括虚拟现实/增强现实在内的信息技术;通过提供身临其境的环境,在建筑教育中包含广泛的创新机会,特别是对于Covid-19大流行迫使在线教育。最近的文献综述显示,VR/AR技术在建筑教育中的应用有所增加,因为它改善了学习者的学习成果和导师与学习者的互动。然而,这些技术的含义经常出现在设计工作室,而建筑施工教育主要继续其传统的方法。本研究旨在通过提出一个模型,在BIM工具的帮助下,将VR/AR技术整合到建筑施工教育中,以提高其有效性,从而缩小这一领域的差距。该模型是针对建筑工程课程开发的,展示了在新冠肺炎疫情在线教育中,逐步整合相关工具和技术,以高效获取学习成果。考虑到大流行的情况,拟议的模型涉及在远程学习方面创造性地使用虚拟现实/增强现实工具。
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引用次数: 1
Unhuman Entities that Shaped a Century: Non- Anthropocentric Analysis of the Case of Great Stink and Pandemic, Victorian London 塑造一个世纪的非人类实体:对大恶臭和流行病案例的非人类中心分析,维多利亚时代的伦敦
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021268n5
Hidayet Softaoğlu
The history of architectural and urban design has expanded its scope and started adopting new philosophical approaches from other disciplines to explore the built environment. Theorist discusses whether we still live in a humanist world where a human being has more priority over the unhuman things or not to answer that; should we design architecture and urban within an anthropocentric approach. As a recent pandemic show, things that are not human, like animals or viruses, could control and navigate a new style of living. This research will introduce Bruno Latour's ANT and Graham Harman's Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) as a new constructive method to analyse how human and unhuman bodies are equally the affective actors of daily practices in the urban realm. 19th-century Great Stink and epidemic in Victorian London will be a case study to picture urban dwellers of London that shaped determined the destiny of health and hygiene of London in 1858.
建筑和城市设计的历史已经扩大了它的范围,并开始采用其他学科的新哲学方法来探索建筑环境。理论家讨论我们是否仍然生活在一个人道主义的世界在这个世界里人类比非人类的事物更优先,或者不回答这个问题;我们是否应该以人类为中心来设计建筑和城市?正如最近的一次大流行所表明的那样,动物或病毒等非人类的东西可以控制和引导一种新的生活方式。本研究将引入Bruno Latour的ANT和Graham Harman的面向对象本体(OOO)作为一种新的建设性方法来分析人类和非人类的身体如何在城市领域的日常实践中同样具有情感作用。19世纪维多利亚时期伦敦的大恶臭和流行病将成为描绘1858年决定伦敦健康和卫生命运的伦敦城市居民的案例研究。
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引用次数: 0
New Approaches in Defining the Structure of Urban Settlement Systems 城市聚落系统结构界定的新途径
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0055n16
Cansu Güller, Ç. Varol
Technological developments such as the extensive use of modern communication tools and increasing infrastructure opportunities have changed the spatial organization forms and daily life practices in cities. Previously, central place theory, which explains hierarchical urban patterns based on the minimum population size-based threshold concept and the maximum distance-based range concept has become incompetent to explain the spatial organization of today's settlements. At this point, in defining the urbanization processes and explaining the spatial organization, the search for new conceptual and methodological approaches has become important. In this study, changing urban systems are evaluated in terms of closeness centrality, attribute centrality, network centrality, and geographical centrality based on space of flows and interpreted by current parameters. It is concluded that in defining the structure and spatial organization of urban systems, the morphological and functional dimensions of urban systems should be evaluated besides the parameters of population, geographical proximity or network relations. In this context, a model proposal has been developed by using current parameters such as density, diversity, mobility, connectivity, spatial-temporal structure, and urban networks.
现代通讯工具的广泛使用和基础设施建设机会的增加等技术发展改变了城市的空间组织形式和日常生活实践。此前,中心地理论以最小人口规模阈值概念和最大距离范围概念来解释城市的层级格局,已经无法解释当今聚落的空间组织。在这一点上,在定义城市化进程和解释空间组织时,寻找新的概念和方法方法变得非常重要。本研究以流动空间为基础,从封闭性中心性、属性中心性、网络中心性和地理中心性四个方面对变化的城市系统进行评价,并用当前参数进行解释。在确定城市体系的结构和空间组织时,除了考虑人口、地理邻近性或网络关系等参数外,还应考虑城市体系的形态和功能维度。在此背景下,通过使用当前的参数,如密度、多样性、流动性、连通性、时空结构和城市网络,开发了一个模型建议。
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引用次数: 0
Green Design in Urban Squares: Ecological Urban Consciousness in Landscape Architecture Education 城市广场的绿色设计:景观教育中的生态城市意识
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0042n14
Elif Merve Alpak, E. Eren, tuGbaba düzenli
Due to increase in population density in cities, unplanned urbanization, where built areas proliferate and concrete and impermeable surfaces are predominant, have started to capture cities. While this causes the natural environments and green areas in cities to decrease day by day, it also directly affects the formation of heat islands in the cities, air pollution and the decrease in the quality of life of people. Since landscape architecture is a discipline that deals with the planning, development, protection and design of rural and urban open spaces that can make the future better, teaching students the importance of the ecological city and the criteria of designs for this should be the primary goal in universities. The area, which was determined as an Urban Transformation area by Trabzon Municipality and planned to be designed as Karagöz Square, was studied within the scope of Karadeniz Technical University Landscape Architecture Environmental Design Project 4 in the fall semester of 2019-2020. The lecturer of the course aimed to teach the students the awareness of green design-oriented city square solution in line with ecological city criteria. Within the scope of this study, course data were examined with ecological city criteria.
由于城市人口密度的增加,无计划的城市化(建成区激增,混凝土和不透水表面占主导地位)已经开始占领城市。这在导致城市自然环境和绿地面积日益减少的同时,也直接影响到城市热岛的形成、空气污染和人们生活质量的下降。由于景观设计是一门涉及农村和城市开放空间的规划、开发、保护和设计的学科,可以使未来更加美好,因此,教育学生生态城市的重要性以及为此设计的标准应该是大学的首要目标。该地区被特拉布松市确定为城市转型区,计划设计为Karagöz广场,在2019-2020年秋季学期,在卡拉德尼兹技术大学景观建筑环境设计项目4的范围内进行了研究。该课程的讲师旨在向学生传授符合生态城市标准的以绿色设计为导向的城市广场解决方案的意识。在本研究范围内,课程数据以生态城市标准进行检验。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluations on The Use Of 3d Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology in Architectural Conservation Projects 三维地面激光扫描技术在建筑保护工程中的应用评价
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0060n21
S. A. G. Korumaz, Büşra Kubiloğlu
3D Laser Scanning technologies have proven to be significant way to architectural documentation studies. Due to these facilities, the use of technology in architectural documentation have become widespread day by day. Thanks to these technologies it is possible to get high accuracy and intense data in a short time compared to conventional methods. Therefore, this technology has increased the content and quality of conservation practices. The technology is mainly aimed at obtaining a three-dimensional model or two-dimensional layouts from a dense and detailed point cloud. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) does not only support simple CAD-based conservation projects, but also allows obtaining high-resolution plane pictures, art tours, three-dimensional mesh models, and two-dimensional maps. Besides these possibilities, high accuracy data on the morphological properties of the documented object can be obtained as a result of the analyses including point cloud. On the other hand, the technology gives possibility data to be shared in different environments and filtered data can be used online. Thus, different disciplines are able to easily access information. These features of technology add a different dimension to the studies in the field of cultural heritage and contribute to the digitalization of the heritage. In the scope of this study, evaluations are made regarding the innovations and usage possibilities brought by TLS technology to architectural documentation field based on the cultural heritage samples. In addition, within the scope of the study, trials were made on field studies for parameters that will affect data quality, accuracy and speed. In addition, within the scope of the study, some tests were made on field studies for parameters affecting data quality, accuracy and speed. With the obtained results, evaluations have been made to increase the usage potential of the technology today.
三维激光扫描技术已被证明是建筑文档研究的重要方法。由于这些设施,在架构文档中使用技术已日益普及。由于这些技术,与传统方法相比,可以在短时间内获得高精度和高强度的数据。因此,这项技术提高了保护实践的内容和质量。该技术主要旨在从密集而详细的点云中获得三维模型或二维布局。地面激光扫描(TLS)不仅支持简单的基于cad的保护项目,还可以获得高分辨率的平面图片、艺术游览、三维网格模型和二维地图。除了这些可能性之外,由于包括点云在内的分析结果,可以获得关于记录对象的形态学特性的高精度数据。另一方面,该技术提供了数据在不同环境下共享的可能性,过滤后的数据可以在线使用。因此,不同学科可以很容易地获取信息。这些技术特征为文化遗产领域的研究增加了一个不同的维度,并有助于遗产的数字化。在本研究范围内,基于文化遗产样本,对TLS技术在建筑文献领域带来的创新和使用可能性进行了评价。此外,在研究范围内,对影响数据质量、准确性和速度的参数进行了实地研究试验。此外,在研究范围内,对影响数据质量、准确性和速度的参数进行了一些实地研究测试。根据所获得的结果,已经进行了评估,以增加该技术今天的使用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Flood Performance of Stormwater Drainage Systems for Different Return Periods 不同回潮期雨水排水系统的防洪性能分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.38027/iccaua2021tr0049n8
Burak Çirağ, M. Firat, Özgüray Aydin
Precipitation regimes and behaviours change depending on the climate change. As the duration of precipitation decreases its intensity increases. On the other hand, the density of buildings increases in urban areas, and drainage systems remain inadequate as a result of deterioration in the structure of natural streams and irregular structures. Due to the change in precipitation behaviour and the decrease in permeable surfaces in urban areas, urban floods lead to serious damage. In this study, it is aimed to analyse the flood performance of rainwater drainage systems currently serving in urban areas for precipitation with different repetition periods. For this purpose, the drainage line in Malatya provincial centre has been selected as the pilot application area. Considering the rainfall records observed in the past, a model was created for 15 minutes of precipitation and 2, 5 and 10 years repetition periods. In addition, the digital elevation model, drainage line and characteristic information and building layouts were taken into consideration in the application area. As a result of the analysis, flood spread maps were created. It has been observed that as the repetition period increases, the rainwater drainage line is insufficient in some areas and may cause loss of property and life.
降水制度和行为随气候变化而变化。随着降水持续时间的缩短,降水强度增大。另一方面,市区建筑物的密度增加,而由于天然溪流的结构恶化和不规则的结构,排水系统仍然不足。由于降水行为的变化和城市透水面的减少,城市洪水造成了严重的破坏。在本研究中,旨在分析目前在城市地区服务的雨水排水系统在不同重复周期降水中的防洪性能。为此,马拉提亚省中心的排水线路已被选为试点应用区域。考虑到过去观测到的降雨记录,建立了15分钟降水和2年、5年和10年重复周期的模型。此外,应用区域还考虑了数字高程模型、排水线路和特征信息以及建筑布局。根据分析结果,绘制了洪水分布图。据观察,随着重复周期的增加,一些地区的雨水排水线路不足,可能造成财产和生命的损失。
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引用次数: 0
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