Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.002
Lukáš Bernat, Radka Michlová, H. Mitwallyová
The aim of the study is to find patterns in an exact complete data set containing the annual budget of all municipal subjects in the Czech Republic over the past 20 years. The focus of the analysis is on which resources could enable the development of and investment in municipal assets, especially estate property. The financial and real estate analysis (FAMA) method was chosen, which provides comparable indicators to calculate the debt service and other related features of subject performance on a municipal level. These indicators demonstrate whether municipal subjects follow responsible budgeting principles and/or how they utilize their own resources. Comparing similar studies using mentioned data and methodology there is a gap between context of data in time a relation chosen indicators. The reason of obstacle is to put data in time-series and properly analyze them. This appropriate items of indicators are aggregated so all the connections between them and other items are lost. In enormous amount of data study uses classification tools to unfold hidden patterns how does municipal budgeting develop in time without knowing details about each case in context of debt and assets. Study convert time dimension to static indicator of its dynamics a using pure K-Means classification conclude having 6 different clusters which differ each other in some of indicators. Within broader context of those clusters we propose an overview of municipal budgeting strategies. In big cities dominates financing of investment by debt and the rest of clusters differs usually significantly with small impact of their population size that is one of determinants budget income therefore essential budget part.
{"title":"Pattern classification on specifics of public sector investments and budgeting principles","authors":"Lukáš Bernat, Radka Michlová, H. Mitwallyová","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to find patterns in an exact complete data set containing the annual budget of all municipal subjects in the Czech Republic over the past 20 years. The focus of the analysis is on which resources could enable the development of and investment in municipal assets, especially estate property. The financial and real estate analysis (FAMA) method was chosen, which provides comparable indicators to calculate the debt service and other related features of subject performance on a municipal level. These indicators demonstrate whether municipal subjects follow responsible budgeting principles and/or how they utilize their own resources. Comparing similar studies using mentioned data and methodology there is a gap between context of data in time a relation chosen indicators. The reason of obstacle is to put data in time-series and properly analyze them. This appropriate items of indicators are aggregated so all the connections between them and other items are lost. In enormous amount of data study uses classification tools to unfold hidden patterns how does municipal budgeting develop in time without knowing details about each case in context of debt and assets. Study convert time dimension to static indicator of its dynamics a using pure K-Means classification conclude having 6 different clusters which differ each other in some of indicators. Within broader context of those clusters we propose an overview of municipal budgeting strategies. In big cities dominates financing of investment by debt and the rest of clusters differs usually significantly with small impact of their population size that is one of determinants budget income therefore essential budget part.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44740791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.003
K. Čermáková, E. Hromada, Ondřej Bednář, T. Pavelka
Within a broad discussion on property price formation and property market specifics this paper aims to investigate the relationship between property price trends and number of transactions occurred on housing market. Specifically, we test if housing transaction volumes and rents are good predictors of housing prices and discuss causalities and differences in this relationship on the sales and rental property markets. We bring evidence from selected European property markets about the relationship between property price trend and number of transactions occurring on this market. We argue that increased number of transactions is predictive of increase in property price, but prices tend to be rigid in the opposite (downward) direction. Thus, cooling down of demand for properties may rather decrease number of transactions than push down property prices. This appealing result may bring light into understanding why property prices appreciate across time and countries.
{"title":"REAL ESTATE MARKET AT A CROSSROAD - ERA OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING IS GONE","authors":"K. Čermáková, E. Hromada, Ondřej Bednář, T. Pavelka","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"Within a broad discussion on property price formation and property market specifics this paper aims to investigate the relationship between property price trends and number of transactions occurred on housing market. Specifically, we test if housing transaction volumes and rents are good predictors of housing prices and discuss causalities and differences in this relationship on the sales and rental property markets. We bring evidence from selected European property markets about the relationship between property price trend and number of transactions occurring on this market. We argue that increased number of transactions is predictive of increase in property price, but prices tend to be rigid in the opposite (downward) direction. Thus, cooling down of demand for properties may rather decrease number of transactions than push down property prices. This appealing result may bring light into understanding why property prices appreciate across time and countries.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.009
A. Zubikova, Kristýna Veselá, P. Smolák
This paper analyses an employment support programme – the Antivirus A Programme – implemented in the Czech Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic aimed at maintaining a constant level of employment. We present this government programme in detail, including individual data related to its effectiveness and examine similar employment support programmes in other EU countries during the pandemic. We also analyse the economic development of sectors that received employment support. The main contribution of the paper is the creation of a counterfactual scenario of unemployment and inflation rate in the Czech Republic in the absence of the Antivirus A Programme using a short-run Phillips curve concept. According to Bajgar et al. (2021), one third of Czech workers could work from home during the pandemic. We find that if these workers had not been supported by the Antivirus A Programme, Czech taxpayers could have saved EUR 0.15 billion and inflation rate could have been reduced (based on our short-run Phillips curve model) by 0.66–0.99 p.p. for the entire duration of the Antivirus A Programme depending on the choice of assumptions related to the possibility of working from home.
{"title":"Evaluation Of The Antivirus A Programme In The Czech Republic During The COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"A. Zubikova, Kristýna Veselá, P. Smolák","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.009","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses an employment support programme – the Antivirus A Programme – implemented in the Czech Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic aimed at maintaining a constant level of employment. We present this government programme in detail, including individual data related to its effectiveness and examine similar employment support programmes in other EU countries during the pandemic. We also analyse the economic development of sectors that received employment support. The main contribution of the paper is the creation of a counterfactual scenario of unemployment and inflation rate in the Czech Republic in the absence of the Antivirus A Programme using a short-run Phillips curve concept. According to Bajgar et al. (2021), one third of Czech workers could work from home during the pandemic. We find that if these workers had not been supported by the Antivirus A Programme, Czech taxpayers could have saved EUR 0.15 billion and inflation rate could have been reduced (based on our short-run Phillips curve model) by 0.66–0.99 p.p. for the entire duration of the Antivirus A Programme depending on the choice of assumptions related to the possibility of working from home.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41472358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to analyse the crypto market in India from the viewpoint of consumers who could potentially trade in these markets and extend the extent of their behaviour to the importance of a regulatory body within the economy. The central idea of this paper is to estimate the importance of a central bank in the minds of people and how it affects their trust on a currency which is unregulated. This forms the first tier of the paper In order to get insight into the more technical dynamics of cryptocurrencies, the paper then studies cryptocurrency from the point of view of experts who explain the different dimensions of the crypto markets. This forms the second tier of the paper. The paper aims to analyse from the surveys conducted and the available literature, the nature of the crypto market in India with a more reporting approach than a problem-solving model. The research is based on primary data collected by means of surveys and structured interviews. These are termed as the two tiers in the paper. Using quantitative statistical analysis to find the common trend of the sample and a descriptive approach for the analysis of the interviews, the paper examines how the two tiers behave single-handedly and their dynamic when they interact.
{"title":"An Opinion-based research on Cryptocurrency and it's functioning in India.","authors":"Rahi Dhond, Shantanou Gangakhedkarr, Shreya Siddanagowder","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to analyse the crypto market in India from the viewpoint of consumers who could potentially trade in these markets and extend the extent of their behaviour to the importance of a regulatory body within the economy. The central idea of this paper is to estimate the importance of a central bank in the minds of people and how it affects their trust on a currency which is unregulated. This forms the first tier of the paper\u0000In order to get insight into the more technical dynamics of cryptocurrencies, the paper then studies cryptocurrency from the point of view of experts who explain the different dimensions of the crypto markets. This forms the second tier of the paper.\u0000The paper aims to analyse from the surveys conducted and the available literature, the nature of the crypto market in India with a more reporting approach than a problem-solving model.\u0000The research is based on primary data collected by means of surveys and structured interviews. These are termed as the two tiers in the paper. Using quantitative statistical analysis to find the common trend of the sample and a descriptive approach for the analysis of the interviews, the paper examines how the two tiers behave single-handedly and their dynamic when they interact.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44245379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.006
D. Macek
The paper deals with the issue of selection procedures. The goal is to show how it is possible to incorporate a view of life cycle costs into the tender process, and not only deal with the aspect of investment costs. The paper is proposed by the Life Cycle Cost Inspector (LCCI). LCCI divides investment opportunities into individual components with their own operating characteristics and costs, allowing for a clear comparison of different investment alternatives. The tool considers acquisition costs, operating costs, and disposal costs over a specific period. LCCI also allows for reverse evaluation, where investment costs are modified based on efficiency. The tool's universality enables its use across various sectors, not just the construction industry. The author aims to shift public practice from tendering "on price" to "tendering on quality" by providing a simple methodology for comparing investment options based on the entire life cycle costs. The application is based on the Building Cost Information Service (BCIS) standard issued by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS).
{"title":"A Tool for Evaluating Public Procurement in the Context of Life Cycle Costs","authors":"D. Macek","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the issue of selection procedures. The goal is to show how it is possible to incorporate a view of life cycle costs into the tender process, and not only deal with the aspect of investment costs. The paper is proposed by the Life Cycle Cost Inspector (LCCI). LCCI divides investment opportunities into individual components with their own operating characteristics and costs, allowing for a clear comparison of different investment alternatives. The tool considers acquisition costs, operating costs, and disposal costs over a specific period. LCCI also allows for reverse evaluation, where investment costs are modified based on efficiency. The tool's universality enables its use across various sectors, not just the construction industry. The author aims to shift public practice from tendering \"on price\" to \"tendering on quality\" by providing a simple methodology for comparing investment options based on the entire life cycle costs. The application is based on the Building Cost Information Service (BCIS) standard issued by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS).","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42850910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.008
Tomislava Pavić Kramarić
This research aims to estimate the determinants of firm performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the sample of Slovenian non-financial listed firms operating in the period 2017 – 2021 is used. Firm performance is expressed with market-based as well as accounting-based performance measures, including Tobin's Q, ROA, and ROE, while potential determinants encompass several firm-oriented variables. These are the firm size, liquidity expressed with the current ratio, leverage, tangibility, sales growth, age of the firm as well as COVID-19 dummy variable. The results of dynamic panel analysis disclose that liquidity, leverage, sales growth, and COVID-19 dummy are statistically significant in explaining firm performance. Specifically, liquidity and leverage are found to be significant in explaining Tobin's q, sales growth is a statistically significant determinant of both ROA and ROE while the latter is also negatively impacted by leverage and the COVID-19 dummy.
{"title":"Performance of Slovenian Listed Firms during COVID-19 Out-break","authors":"Tomislava Pavić Kramarić","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.008","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to estimate the determinants of firm performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the sample of Slovenian non-financial listed firms operating in the period 2017 – 2021 is used. Firm performance is expressed with market-based as well as accounting-based performance measures, including Tobin's Q, ROA, and ROE, while potential determinants encompass several firm-oriented variables. These are the firm size, liquidity expressed with the current ratio, leverage, tangibility, sales growth, age of the firm as well as COVID-19 dummy variable. The results of dynamic panel analysis disclose that liquidity, leverage, sales growth, and COVID-19 dummy are statistically significant in explaining firm performance. Specifically, liquidity and leverage are found to be significant in explaining Tobin's q, sales growth is a statistically significant determinant of both ROA and ROE while the latter is also negatively impacted by leverage and the COVID-19 dummy.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47278261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52950/es.2023.12.1.001
Merlin Thanga Joy Atchuthen, S. Sankara Muthu Kumar
A country's economy depends heavily on energy. Economic productivity and industrial growth depend on the use of energy in modern economies. In a modern economy, energy is responsible for more than one-tenth of the cost of production but accounts for most industrial growth, according to Barney and Franzi (2002). The economy’s need for energy has grown at about the same rate as that of wealth. It is a fact that wealth creation is predominantly calculated based on the usage of energy by society. At the beginning of the 19th century, biomass is the preferred choice of fuel. Energy demand in the west and advanced economies increased more rapidly because of rising standards during the end of the 20th century. In most production and consumption activities, energy plays a significant role in economic growth. An analysis of the energy sector components and their impacts on economic progress in two countries, the United Kingdom and India, was conducted based on an analytical approach. It is found in both countries that energy efficiency and foreign direct investment (net inflows) are positively correlated. Both the United Kingdom and India have significant correlations between energy efficiency and GDP (percentage of GDP). Employment rates and energy efficiency go hand in hand in both countries. India's GDP per capita growth (annual %) is positively correlated with energy efficiency (0.447). This study followed only the economic indicators from the World Bank Development Indicators report.
{"title":"HOW THE ENERGY SECTOR IS AFFECTING ECONOMIC GROWTH – COMPARING THE UNITED KINGDOM WITH INDIA","authors":"Merlin Thanga Joy Atchuthen, S. Sankara Muthu Kumar","doi":"10.52950/es.2023.12.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52950/es.2023.12.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"A country's economy depends heavily on energy. Economic productivity and industrial growth depend on the use of energy in modern economies. In a modern economy, energy is responsible for more than one-tenth of the cost of production but accounts for most industrial growth, according to Barney and Franzi (2002). The economy’s need for energy has grown at about the same rate as that of wealth. It is a fact that wealth creation is predominantly calculated based on the usage of energy by society. At the beginning of the 19th century, biomass is the preferred choice of fuel. Energy demand in the west and advanced economies increased more rapidly because of rising standards during the end of the 20th century. In most production and consumption activities, energy plays a significant role in economic growth. An analysis of the energy sector components and their impacts on economic progress in two countries, the United Kingdom and India, was conducted based on an analytical approach. It is found in both countries that energy efficiency and foreign direct investment (net inflows) are positively correlated. Both the United Kingdom and India have significant correlations between energy efficiency and GDP (percentage of GDP). Employment rates and energy efficiency go hand in hand in both countries. India's GDP per capita growth (annual %) is positively correlated with energy efficiency (0.447). This study followed only the economic indicators from the World Bank Development Indicators report.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136338457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
These days conflict resolution and negotiation seem to be tough and challenging tasks for managerial-level employees. Conflict with various stakeholders in the banking industry can be considered a major aspect. The study employs a descriptive data analysis procedure that covers a sample of 267 managerial-level staff. The purpose of this study is to identify the managerial awareness level of negotiation and conflict resolution in Nepalese banking sectors. The results of the study illustrated that managerial levels at commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley have high (86.14%) negotiation skills. Also, 67.16% of managers in the banking sector focus on maintaining a good relationship with another party while trying to resolve conflict through negotiation. Managerial employees even agreed that they faced challenges in the process of negotiation and conflict resolution. One of the major challenges is the lack of timing among the employees at commercial banks, due to which proper negotiation rarely takes place.
{"title":"Identifying Managerial Awareness Level on Negotiation and Conflict Resolution in Nepalese Banking Sectors: Descriptive Cross-sectional Analysis","authors":"Neha Kayastha, Niranjan Devkota, Sushanta Kumar, Ranjana Koirala, Udaya Raj, S. Parajuli","doi":"10.55603/jes.v1i2.a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55603/jes.v1i2.a1","url":null,"abstract":"These days conflict resolution and negotiation seem to be tough and challenging tasks for managerial-level employees. Conflict with various stakeholders in the banking industry can be considered a major aspect. The study employs a descriptive data analysis procedure that covers a sample of 267 managerial-level staff. The purpose of this study is to identify the managerial awareness level of negotiation and conflict resolution in Nepalese banking sectors. The results of the study illustrated that managerial levels at commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley have high (86.14%) negotiation skills. Also, 67.16% of managers in the banking sector focus on maintaining a good relationship with another party while trying to resolve conflict through negotiation. Managerial employees even agreed that they faced challenges in the process of negotiation and conflict resolution. One of the major challenges is the lack of timing among the employees at commercial banks, due to which proper negotiation rarely takes place.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83907750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this article is to look at how various health indices affect Pakistan's economic growth. To achieve this goal, error correction and co-integration methods were used by using time series data from 1990 to 2022. The goal of this research is to examine the short-run and long-term temporal connections between health and per capita GDP growth. In the long-run, there is a significant relationship between per capita GDP and economic health indicators, which are significantly affecting per-capita GDP. According to the results of short run, health indicators have no meaningful influence on per-capita GDP. While indicators of health have a considerable long-run influence in economic growth. It implies that the influence of health indicators can only impact economic growth in the long run. The study's main result suggests financial gain, through growing and raising the stock of healthy human capital, particularly if present stocks are at a low level. Improved health has a two-way interaction with the economic process. This research is to examine the short-run and long-term temporal connections between health and per capita GDP growth, using mistreatment Co-integration and Error Correction. Long-term health and economic process studies would be extremely valuable in determining the achievable magnitudes of the entire cumulative effects of health on economic process. Two key hypotheses would be examined; the first would be that 'health influences economic growth' might be a long-standing temporal development. Second, what role do health output and input factors play in per capita GDP growth?
{"title":"Nexuses between Economic Growth and Health Indicators: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Reem Gulzar, N. Ahmed","doi":"10.55603/jes.v1i2.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55603/jes.v1i2.a5","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this article is to look at how various health indices affect Pakistan's economic growth. To achieve this goal, error correction and co-integration methods were used by using time series data from 1990 to 2022. The goal of this research is to examine the short-run and long-term temporal connections between health and per capita GDP growth. In the long-run, there is a significant relationship between per capita GDP and economic health indicators, which are significantly affecting per-capita GDP. According to the results of short run, health indicators have no meaningful influence on per-capita GDP. While indicators of health have a considerable long-run influence in economic growth. It implies that the influence of health indicators can only impact economic growth in the long run. The study's main result suggests financial gain, through growing and raising the stock of healthy human capital, particularly if present stocks are at a low level. Improved health has a two-way interaction with the economic process. This research is to examine the short-run and long-term temporal connections between health and per capita GDP growth, using mistreatment Co-integration and Error Correction. Long-term health and economic process studies would be extremely valuable in determining the achievable magnitudes of the entire cumulative effects of health on economic process. Two key hypotheses would be examined; the first would be that 'health influences economic growth' might be a long-standing temporal development. Second, what role do health output and input factors play in per capita GDP growth?","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84274724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary objective of the study is to check the impact of remittances on enrollment, the performance of the students of higher education, and the attitude of the households. For this study, primary data were collected through a questionnaire. Randomly 75 migrants and 75 non-migrants were selected. The Binary Logistic model is used to check the impact of remittances on the enrollment of the students and the ordinary least square is used to check the impact of remittances on students' performance. The study concludes that remittances have a significant impact on the enrollment of the students and the impact of remittances on the performance of the students is not significant. Concerned authorities should focus on improving the performance of the students by providing different incentives through the higher education department of AJK.
{"title":"Impact of Remittances on Social Behavior towards Higher Education in District Poonch AJK","authors":"Farrukh Ishtiaq, Muhammad Ajmair","doi":"10.55603/jes.v1i2.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55603/jes.v1i2.a3","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of the study is to check the impact of remittances on enrollment, the performance of the students of higher education, and the attitude of the households. For this study, primary data were collected through a questionnaire. Randomly 75 migrants and 75 non-migrants were selected. The Binary Logistic model is used to check the impact of remittances on the enrollment of the students and the ordinary least square is used to check the impact of remittances on students' performance. The study concludes that remittances have a significant impact on the enrollment of the students and the impact of remittances on the performance of the students is not significant. Concerned authorities should focus on improving the performance of the students by providing different incentives through the higher education department of AJK.","PeriodicalId":42415,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77259095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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