{"title":"Spuren des Mittelniederdeutschen in den lettischen Eigennamen","authors":"Renāte Siliņa-Piņķe","doi":"10.25162/zdl-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/zdl-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates the use of tense and mood in reported speech in Low German in comparison with High German, English and Norwegian. The High German Standard Language features a fully developed indicative-subjunctive-contrast, with one of the functions of the subjunctive being the marking of reported speech. Many other Germanic languages, represented here by English and Norwegian, do not have a comparable subjunctive category (any more). Reported speech occurs in the indicative, often involving backshift. Given that Northern Low German dialects, too, have lost distinct subjunctive forms, the question arises as to whether the marking of indirect speech functions in the same way as it does in the other subjunctive-less languages. The present article aims to explore this question empirically, based on a corpus of Northern Low German radio news. It turns that the distribution of present and preterite forms in the Low German radio news is wider than it is in English or Norwegian: The present, much like in High German, occurs in cases where English or Norwegian would require backshift, and the preterite has a reportative-subjunctive-like use not found in English or Norwegian.
{"title":"Modus im Niederdeutschen","authors":"Thilo Weber, Simon Pröll","doi":"10.25162/ZDL-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/ZDL-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the use of tense and mood in reported speech in Low German in comparison with High German, English and Norwegian. The High German Standard Language features a fully developed indicative-subjunctive-contrast, with one of the functions of the subjunctive being the marking of reported speech. Many other Germanic languages, represented here by English and Norwegian, do not have a comparable subjunctive category (any more). Reported speech occurs in the indicative, often involving backshift. Given that Northern Low German dialects, too, have lost distinct subjunctive forms, the question arises as to whether the marking of indirect speech functions in the same way as it does in the other subjunctive-less languages. The present article aims to explore this question empirically, based on a corpus of Northern Low German radio news. It turns that the distribution of present and preterite forms in the Low German radio news is wider than it is in English or Norwegian: The present, much like in High German, occurs in cases where English or Norwegian would require backshift, and the preterite has a reportative-subjunctive-like use not found in English or Norwegian.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our paper, we discuss the results of a questionnaire survey on the use of regional dialects in 173 kindergartens in Bavaria-Swabia. The data relate to the dialect use of 5 341 children, assessed by 380 of their kindergarten teachers. After some methodological reflexions, we present and interpret the results of the survey. The results are correlated with different factors, such as community size, the teachers‘ language use, and their attitude towards regional dialects. The overall finding is that less than 20 per cent of all children in Bavaria-Swabia speak a regional dialect.
{"title":"Dialekt im Kindergarten","authors":"W. König, Christian Pfeiffer, Péter Maitz","doi":"10.25162/ZDL-2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/ZDL-2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"In our paper, we discuss the results of a questionnaire survey on the use of regional dialects in 173 kindergartens in Bavaria-Swabia. The data relate to the dialect use of 5 341 children, assessed by 380 of their kindergarten teachers. After some methodological reflexions, we present and interpret the results of the survey. The results are correlated with different factors, such as community size, the teachers‘ language use, and their attitude towards regional dialects. The overall finding is that less than 20 per cent of all children in Bavaria-Swabia speak a regional dialect.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Terms associated with birds of prey that kill with their feet („Grifftoter“) are widely used in the West and North Germanic languages as heads or modifiers in field names, place names and aquatic names. Above all, the names of the larger birds such as eagle, vulture, hawk and falcon often have descriptive heads that refer to structures in the natural environment (such as Falkenburg, -stein, -hagen etc.). However, the range of expressions and meanings of these names is strongly characterized by polysemy, heteronymy, and generalisations. The analysis of dialect dictionaries results in large-scale diatopic word fields with a juxtaposition of proper and substitute words of birds of prey, with mixed zones, avoidance of synonymy („Synonymenflucht“), gaps or hyperlexicalizations that give rise to misunderstandings. The article shows that not only the distinctiveness according to striking characteristics, but also the cultural-ecological validity is important for the classification of the birds of prey. – Conclusion: The lexical naming motive underlying the names of birds of prey is by no means always clear; a name like Ahrensbok may well mean a hawk wood.
{"title":"Von Ahrensbök und seinesgleichen","authors":"H. Menke","doi":"10.25162/ZDL-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/ZDL-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Terms associated with birds of prey that kill with their feet („Grifftoter“) are widely used in the West and North Germanic languages as heads or modifiers in field names, place names and aquatic names. Above all, the names of the larger birds such as eagle, vulture, hawk and falcon often have descriptive heads that refer to structures in the natural environment (such as Falkenburg, -stein, -hagen etc.). However, the range of expressions and meanings of these names is strongly characterized by polysemy, heteronymy, and generalisations. The analysis of dialect dictionaries results in large-scale diatopic word fields with a juxtaposition of proper and substitute words of birds of prey, with mixed zones, avoidance of synonymy („Synonymenflucht“), gaps or hyperlexicalizations that give rise to misunderstandings. The article shows that not only the distinctiveness according to striking characteristics, but also the cultural-ecological validity is important for the classification of the birds of prey. – Conclusion: The lexical naming motive underlying the names of birds of prey is by no means always clear; a name like Ahrensbok may well mean a hawk wood.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philip C. Vergeiner, E. Buchner, E. Fuchs, S. Elspass
The present article focuses on teachers’ and students’ concepts of language norms in the realm of higher education in Austria. Starting from a discussion of (language) norm concepts, the article presents a comparative quantitative and qualitative study on results from two projects on teachers’ as well as students’ language perceptions and language attitudes at the University of Salzburg and at four vocational schools in the regions of Salzburg and Tyrol.
{"title":"Sprachnormvorstellungen in sekundären und tertiären Bildungseinrichtungen in Österreich","authors":"Philip C. Vergeiner, E. Buchner, E. Fuchs, S. Elspass","doi":"10.25162/ZDL-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/ZDL-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"The present article focuses on teachers’ and students’ concepts of language norms in the realm of higher education in Austria. Starting from a discussion of (language) norm concepts, the article presents a comparative quantitative and qualitative study on results from two projects on teachers’ as well as students’ language perceptions and language attitudes at the University of Salzburg and at four vocational schools in the regions of Salzburg and Tyrol.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69229049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regional variation of voice quality is one of the most neglected fields of German dialectology. This apparent lack of interest is all the more regrettable as international research has provided a substantial body of evidence for cross-linguistic and dialectal variation in voice quality. In most of these studies, however, it remains unclear whether the observed variation is a language effect or arises from the affiliation of the speakers to different speaker communities. Accordingly, the present study deals with two questions: (1) Is there regional variation of voice quality in the German language area, and if so, which aspects of voice quality are affected? (2) Is regional variation of voice quality a language effect or an effect of belonging to different speaker communities? In order to keep both aspects apart, bilingual speakers are examined who have grown up in two neighboring Low German dialect areas and share High German as a standard language. The study focuses on the Bersenbrucker Land in the north of the district of Osnabruck in Lower Saxony, which is a transitional dialect area between East-Westphalian in the south and Northern Low Saxon in the north. Two text passages were read aloud in a Low German and High German version, and four acoustic measures were calculated: the spectral slope between 0–1 kHz and 1–5 kHz, the spectral slope between 1–5 kHz and 5–8 kHz, the smoothed Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPPS), and the speaker’s formant. These measures characterize voice quality along the dimensions tense vs. lax voice, degree of breathiness and voice projection. The results indicate more lax and breathy voices in the south and more tense and less breathy voices in the north. At the same time, effects of gender, language, and reading task were found. As voice quality of both Low German and Standard High German varies between the north and the south, this variation can better be explained by the affiliation to different speaker communities than by a language effect in the sense that individual dialects or languages have their own voice quality.
{"title":"Regionale Variation der Stimmqualität","authors":"J. Peters","doi":"10.25162/zdl-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/zdl-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Regional variation of voice quality is one of the most neglected fields of German dialectology. This apparent lack of interest is all the more regrettable as international research has provided a substantial body of evidence for cross-linguistic and dialectal variation in voice quality. In most of these studies, however, it remains unclear whether the observed variation is a language effect or arises from the affiliation of the speakers to different speaker communities. Accordingly, the present study deals with two questions: (1) Is there regional variation of voice quality in the German language area, and if so, which aspects of voice quality are affected? (2) Is regional variation of voice quality a language effect or an effect of belonging to different speaker communities? In order to keep both aspects apart, bilingual speakers are examined who have grown up in two neighboring Low German dialect areas and share High German as a standard language. The study focuses on the Bersenbrucker Land in the north of the district of Osnabruck in Lower Saxony, which is a transitional dialect area between East-Westphalian in the south and Northern Low Saxon in the north. Two text passages were read aloud in a Low German and High German version, and four acoustic measures were calculated: the spectral slope between 0–1 kHz and 1–5 kHz, the spectral slope between 1–5 kHz and 5–8 kHz, the smoothed Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPPS), and the speaker’s formant. These measures characterize voice quality along the dimensions tense vs. lax voice, degree of breathiness and voice projection. The results indicate more lax and breathy voices in the south and more tense and less breathy voices in the north. At the same time, effects of gender, language, and reading task were found. As voice quality of both Low German and Standard High German varies between the north and the south, this variation can better be explained by the affiliation to different speaker communities than by a language effect in the sense that individual dialects or languages have their own voice quality.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"8. Kolloquium des Forums Sprachvariation der IGDD und 6. Nachwuchskolloquium des Vereins für Niederdeutsche Sprachforschung (VndS)","authors":"Nicole Palliwoda","doi":"10.25162/zdl-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/zdl-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the enregisterment of Franconian (speech) as a language of a specific social (regional) group with specific social features. A stylized register of an ideologically stereotyped group of speakers is created based on traditional dialects. The article analyzes popular dialect guides (and further sources) to detect linguistic and social features that are publicly claimed to be authentic and/or exclusively Franconian. The analysis reveals ideologies of regionalistic unification as well as separation from Old Bavaria and speakers of Bavarian.
{"title":"Fränkisch und die Franken im Regionalen Enregisterment","authors":"Konstantin Niehaus","doi":"10.25162/zdl-2018-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/zdl-2018-0008","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the enregisterment of Franconian (speech) as a language of a specific social (regional) group with specific social features. A stylized register of an ideologically stereotyped group of speakers is created based on traditional dialects. The article analyzes popular dialect guides (and further sources) to detect linguistic and social features that are publicly claimed to be authentic and/or exclusively Franconian. The analysis reveals ideologies of regionalistic unification as well as separation from Old Bavaria and speakers of Bavarian.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Rudolf Post, geboren 1944, studierte katholische Theologie, Philosophie und Germanistik in Fulda und Mainz. Von 1981-1997 war er Leiter der Arbeitsstelle „Pfalzisches Worterbuch“ in Kaiserslautern und fuhrte mit der Publikation der Bande IV-VI (Buchstaben K-Z) das Worterbuch zum Abschluss. Von 1998-2009 leitete er die Arbeitsstelle „Badisches Worterbuch“ an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg im Breisgau. Neben der Worterbucharbeit lehrte er an den Universitaten Mainz, Mannheim und Freiburg. Er ist Autor zahlreicher Publikationen zur Dialektologie, Dialektlexikographie, Sprachgeschichte und Volkskunde.
{"title":"„Ein gutes Wörterbuch ist zunächst mal eines, das auch Erscheint.“","authors":"R. Post","doi":"10.25162/zdl-2018-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/zdl-2018-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Rudolf Post, geboren 1944, studierte katholische Theologie, Philosophie und Germanistik in Fulda und Mainz. Von 1981-1997 war er Leiter der Arbeitsstelle „Pfalzisches Worterbuch“ in Kaiserslautern und fuhrte mit der Publikation der Bande IV-VI (Buchstaben K-Z) das Worterbuch zum Abschluss. Von 1998-2009 leitete er die Arbeitsstelle „Badisches Worterbuch“ an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg im Breisgau. Neben der Worterbucharbeit lehrte er an den Universitaten Mainz, Mannheim und Freiburg. Er ist Autor zahlreicher Publikationen zur Dialektologie, Dialektlexikographie, Sprachgeschichte und Volkskunde.","PeriodicalId":42450,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Dialektologie Und Linguistik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69228248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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